Journal of Air Transport Management最新文献_第7页

Frequent flyer programs in academic studies: A literature review of research progress since 2000 学术研究中的飞行常客计划：2000年以来研究进展的文献综述

IF 3.6 2区工程技术 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Air Transport Management

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102920

Yi Gao, Jiayu Liu

Frequent flyer programs (FFPs) have evolved from simple mileage-based loyalty schemes into sophisticated, revenue-generating entities that play a central role in airline business models. This study conducts a systematic literature review of 107 academic papers on airline FFPs, synthesizing research across ten thematic areas, including their historical development, financial and operational structures, consumer benefits, behavioral impacts, and competitive implications. The review highlights how FFPs enhance airline profitability through increased customer retention, fare premiums, and partnerships with financial institutions, while also serving as strategic tools to maintain market dominance. However, findings reveal that while FFPs successfully drive short-term behavioral loyalty—particularly among elite-tier members—their ability to foster long-term emotional loyalty remains uncertain. Studies indicate that perceived benefits vary across traveler segments, with business travelers and frequent flyers valuing status and exclusivity, while leisure travelers prioritize monetary savings and redemption flexibility. FFPs also create significant switching costs, limiting competition and enabling dominant airlines to command fare premiums, particularly at hub airports. The review further examines challenges such as status demotion, fairness perceptions, regulatory scrutiny, and liability management, alongside emerging trends in personalization, gamification, and technology integration. Identified research gaps include the long-term financial sustainability of FFPs, the psychological mechanisms driving member engagement, and the evolving role of artificial intelligence and big data in loyalty management. Addressing these areas will be crucial for airlines to refine their FFP strategies and maintain customer trust in an increasingly dynamic and competitive aviation landscape.

飞行常客计划（ffp）已经从简单的基于里程的忠诚度计划演变为复杂的、产生收入的实体，在航空公司的商业模式中扮演着核心角色。本研究对107篇关于航空公司ffp的学术论文进行了系统的文献综述，综合了10个主题领域的研究，包括它们的历史发展、财务和运营结构、消费者利益、行为影响和竞争影响。该报告强调了ffp如何通过提高客户保留率、票价溢价和与金融机构的合作来提高航空公司的盈利能力，同时也作为保持市场主导地位的战略工具。然而，研究结果显示，虽然ffp成功地推动了短期的行为忠诚——尤其是在精英阶层成员中——但他们培养长期情感忠诚的能力仍然不确定。研究表明，不同的旅行者群体对积分带来的好处有所不同，商务旅行者和常旅客更看重身份和排他性，而休闲旅行者则更看重省钱和兑换灵活性。ffp还造成了巨大的转换成本，限制了竞争，使占主导地位的航空公司能够获得票价溢价，尤其是在枢纽机场。该报告进一步探讨了地位降级、公平观念、监管审查和责任管理等挑战，以及个性化、游戏化和技术集成等新兴趋势。已确定的研究空白包括ffp的长期财务可持续性、推动会员参与的心理机制，以及人工智能和大数据在忠诚度管理中的不断发展的作用。解决这些问题对于航空公司完善其FFP战略并在日益动态和竞争激烈的航空环境中保持客户信任至关重要。

{"title":"Frequent flyer programs in academic studies: A literature review of research progress since 2000","authors":"Yi Gao, Jiayu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Frequent flyer programs (FFPs) have evolved from simple mileage-based loyalty schemes into sophisticated, revenue-generating entities that play a central role in airline business models. This study conducts a systematic literature review of 107 academic papers on airline FFPs, synthesizing research across ten thematic areas, including their historical development, financial and operational structures, consumer benefits, behavioral impacts, and competitive implications. The review highlights how FFPs enhance airline profitability through increased customer retention, fare premiums, and partnerships with financial institutions, while also serving as strategic tools to maintain market dominance. However, findings reveal that while FFPs successfully drive short-term behavioral loyalty—particularly among elite-tier members—their ability to foster long-term emotional loyalty remains uncertain. Studies indicate that perceived benefits vary across traveler segments, with business travelers and frequent flyers valuing status and exclusivity, while leisure travelers prioritize monetary savings and redemption flexibility. FFPs also create significant switching costs, limiting competition and enabling dominant airlines to command fare premiums, particularly at hub airports. The review further examines challenges such as status demotion, fairness perceptions, regulatory scrutiny, and liability management, alongside emerging trends in personalization, gamification, and technology integration. Identified research gaps include the long-term financial sustainability of FFPs, the psychological mechanisms driving member engagement, and the evolving role of artificial intelligence and big data in loyalty management. Addressing these areas will be crucial for airlines to refine their FFP strategies and maintain customer trust in an increasingly dynamic and competitive aviation landscape.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 102920"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145416265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From emotional data to decisions: A systematic review on how airlines use sentiments and emotions to stay ahead 从情绪数据到决策：对航空公司如何利用情绪和情绪保持领先地位的系统回顾

IF 3.6 2区工程技术 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Air Transport Management

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102911

Francisco Antunes , Manuela Freire , Paulo Melo , João Paulo Costa

This study examines the application of sentiment analysis (SA) and emotion detection (ED) within the airline industry. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology, we identified and evaluated relevant literature from Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (2014–2024), yielding 60 high-quality studies. The results are organized into four thematic clusters: customer analysis, crisis management, business improvements, and analytics techniques.

In customer analysis, SA/ED techniques are used to process feedback from social media, review sites, and surveys, enhancing service quality and brand reputation. The crisis management section demonstrates how these methods facilitate the early detection of issues and prompt timely responses during disruptions. Business improvements are addressed through demand forecasting, marketing optimization, and operational adjustment. The analytics techniques section evidences a shift in SA from traditional lexicon-based methods to advanced machine learning, deep learning, and hybrid approaches, including transformer-based models.

We also highlight research gaps, emphasizing the need for robust real-time systems and improved multilingual data handling. Overall, the findings underscore the potential of SA/ED to drive agile, customer-centric strategies and invite further exploration into integrated analytical models for the airline industry.

本研究探讨了情绪分析（SA）和情绪检测（ED）在航空业中的应用。采用系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目（PRISMA）方法，我们从Scopus、Web of Science和谷歌Scholar（2014-2024）中识别和评估了相关文献，获得了60篇高质量的研究。结果分为四个主题集群：客户分析、危机管理、业务改进和分析技术。在客户分析中，SA/ED技术用于处理来自社交媒体、评论网站和调查的反馈，从而提高服务质量和品牌声誉。危机管理部分演示了这些方法如何促进及早发现问题，并在中断期间迅速作出及时反应。业务改进是通过需求预测、营销优化和运营调整来实现的。分析技术部分证明了SA从传统的基于词典的方法向高级机器学习、深度学习和混合方法（包括基于转换器的模型）的转变。我们还强调了研究差距，强调需要强大的实时系统和改进的多语言数据处理。总体而言，研究结果强调了SA/ED在推动敏捷、以客户为中心的战略方面的潜力，并促使人们进一步探索航空业的综合分析模型。

{"title":"From emotional data to decisions: A systematic review on how airlines use sentiments and emotions to stay ahead","authors":"Francisco Antunes , Manuela Freire , Paulo Melo , João Paulo Costa","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the application of sentiment analysis (SA) and emotion detection (ED) within the airline industry. Using the <em>Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)</em> methodology, we identified and evaluated relevant literature from <em>Scopus</em>, <em>Web of Science</em>, and <em>Google Scholar</em> (2014–2024), yielding 60 high-quality studies. The results are organized into four thematic clusters: customer analysis, crisis management, business improvements, and analytics techniques.</div><div>In customer analysis, SA/ED techniques are used to process feedback from social media, review sites, and surveys, enhancing service quality and brand reputation. The crisis management section demonstrates how these methods facilitate the early detection of issues and prompt timely responses during disruptions. Business improvements are addressed through demand forecasting, marketing optimization, and operational adjustment. The analytics techniques section evidences a shift in SA from traditional lexicon-based methods to advanced machine learning, deep learning, and hybrid approaches, including transformer-based models.</div><div>We also highlight research gaps, emphasizing the need for robust real-time systems and improved multilingual data handling. Overall, the findings underscore the potential of SA/ED to drive agile, customer-centric strategies and invite further exploration into integrated analytical models for the airline industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 102911"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145267566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing airline multimarket competition analysis with a pairwise competitive intensity index based on weighted Jaccard index 基于加权Jaccard指数的两两竞争强度指数增强航空公司多市场竞争分析

IF 3.6 2区工程技术 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Air Transport Management

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102931

Qian Liu

We advance the measurement of multimarket contact (MMC) in the airline competition literature by introducing a flight frequency weighted Jaccard index. Unlike conventional MMC measures that rely on binary market presence, our proposed index captures both market overlap and supply strategic similarity through flight frequency. Current airline competition research can be divided into market-based metrics (e.g., HHI, CR), which overlook relationships among firms, and airline-based metrics, of which MMC is the most prominent but only considers market overlap. Our index bridges this gap and describes the pairwise competitive intensity among airlines within a specific geographic region. We interpret the use of the index through three applications: unsupervised clustering of airline business models, detection of market shocks, and tracking changes in competitive relationships during disruptions. Our work will allow researchers to refine previous MMC related studies. This work provides policymakers with tools to monitor real-time market competition and may better inform competition regulation design. For airlines, they can leverage the index to identify rivals with the same or different business models, measure their competitive intensity, and choose their competition strategy accordingly.

本文通过引入航班频次加权Jaccard指数，在航空公司竞争文献中提出了多市场联系（MMC）的度量方法。与依赖二元市场占有率的传统MMC指标不同，我们提出的指数通过航班频率捕捉市场重叠和供应战略相似性。目前的航空公司竞争研究可以分为市场指标（如HHI、CR）和基于航空公司的指标（其中MMC最为突出，但只考虑市场重叠），前者忽略了公司之间的关系。我们的指数弥补了这一差距，并描述了特定地理区域内航空公司之间的成对竞争强度。我们通过三种应用来解释该指数的使用：航空公司商业模式的无监督聚类，市场冲击的检测，以及在中断期间跟踪竞争关系的变化。我们的工作将使研究人员能够完善以前的MMC相关研究。这项工作为政策制定者提供了监测实时市场竞争的工具，并可能更好地为竞争监管设计提供信息。对于航空公司来说，他们可以利用该指数来识别具有相同或不同商业模式的竞争对手，衡量其竞争强度，并相应地选择竞争策略。

{"title":"Enhancing airline multimarket competition analysis with a pairwise competitive intensity index based on weighted Jaccard index","authors":"Qian Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We advance the measurement of multimarket contact (MMC) in the airline competition literature by introducing a flight frequency weighted Jaccard index. Unlike conventional MMC measures that rely on binary market presence, our proposed index captures both market overlap and supply strategic similarity through flight frequency. Current airline competition research can be divided into market-based metrics (e.g., HHI, CR), which overlook relationships among firms, and airline-based metrics, of which MMC is the most prominent but only considers market overlap. Our index bridges this gap and describes the pairwise competitive intensity among airlines within a specific geographic region. We interpret the use of the index through three applications: unsupervised clustering of airline business models, detection of market shocks, and tracking changes in competitive relationships during disruptions. Our work will allow researchers to refine previous MMC related studies. This work provides policymakers with tools to monitor real-time market competition and may better inform competition regulation design. For airlines, they can leverage the index to identify rivals with the same or different business models, measure their competitive intensity, and choose their competition strategy accordingly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 102931"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145575889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Addressing the systemic complexity of airline irregular operations: Toward integrated schedule recovery 解决航空公司不正常运营的系统复杂性：迈向综合时刻表恢复

IF 3.6 2区工程技术 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Air Transport Management

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102925

Ahmed Abdelghany , Khaled Abdelghany

Irregular operations (IROPS) are among the most complex challenges in airline management. Drawing from both academic gaps and practitioner insight, this paper reframes IROPS as a system-level problem rooted in capacity–demand imbalances and characterized by deeply interdependent recovery decisions. We discuss main core recovery actions and maps the main directional interdependencies among them, highlighting how local actions propagate across the airline network. This reconceptualization shifts the focus from compartmentalized solutions toward integrated, operationally aligned recovery models. The contribution lies in redefining the problem itself to better reflect the realities of airline operations and decision-making. Our goal is to provide a foundation for future modeling, simulation, and optimization studies that more accurately represent the dynamics of large-scale disruption recovery.

不正常运营是航空公司管理中最复杂的挑战之一。根据学术差距和从业者的见解，本文将IROPS重新定义为植根于产能需求失衡的系统层面问题，并以高度相互依存的恢复决策为特征。我们讨论了主要的核心恢复行动，并绘制了它们之间的主要方向相互依赖关系，强调了本地行动如何在航空公司网络中传播。这种重新概念化将重点从分散的解决方案转移到集成的、操作一致的恢复模型上。其贡献在于重新定义问题本身，以更好地反映航空公司运营和决策的现实。我们的目标是为未来的建模、模拟和优化研究提供基础，以更准确地代表大规模中断恢复的动态。

引用次数: 0

Flying high or saying goodbye? passenger incivility and flight attendants’ turnover intention: A serial mediation model of surface acting and emotional exhaustion 高飞还是告别？乘客不文明行为与空乘人员离职倾向：表面行为与情绪耗竭的序列中介模型

IF 3.6 2区工程技术 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Air Transport Management

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102905

Xin Chen , Kei Wei Chia

This study aims to examine a serial mediation model in which passenger incivility affects emotional labour (i.e. surface acting), which in turn influences emotional exhaustion, which ultimately increases the intention to leave among flight attendants. The mediating roles of surface acting and emotional exhaustion are also examined in this model. Data from a sample of 203 flight attendants of major airlines in China was collected and analysed. The results indicate that passenger incivility does not directly influence turnover intention but that the link is partially mediated by emotional exhaustion. However, surface acting was found not to mediate the relationship between passenger incivility and turnover intention. This study is among the first to highlight the consequences of passenger incivility in the Chinese aviation industry.

本研究旨在检验乘客不文明行为影响情绪劳动（即表面行为）的一系列中介模型，情绪劳动反过来影响情绪耗竭，最终增加空乘人员的离职意愿。本模型还考察了表层行为和情绪耗竭的中介作用。本研究收集并分析了中国主要航空公司203名空乘人员的数据。结果表明，乘客不文明行为对离职意愿没有直接影响，但情绪耗竭在其中起部分中介作用。然而，表面行为并没有中介乘客不文明行为与离职倾向之间的关系。这项研究是第一批强调中国航空业中乘客不文明行为后果的研究之一。

引用次数: 0

Real-Time aircraft conflict detection and trajectory optimisation for emergency weather management in terminal manoeuvring areas 终端机动区域应急天气管理的实时飞机冲突探测和轨迹优化

IF 3.6 2区工程技术 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Air Transport Management

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102933

Huijuan Yang , Daniel Delahaye , Ying Huo

This study presents a real-time framework for aircraft conflict detection and trajectory optimisation in Terminal Manoeuvring Areas (TMAs) during emergency weather events. The proposed approach integrates wake turbulence separation, node and link conflict evaluation, and dynamic operational constraints to ensure safe and efficient traffic flow under severe weather disruptions. Departing from conventional offline resolution methods, an enhanced Selective Simulated Annealing (SSA) algorithm is introduced to enable online conflict detection and mitigation in rapidly changing conditions. The framework is validated through a case study at Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport (CTU) TMA. A historical dataset of 451 arrival flights over an 8-hour period is duplicated to create a high-density scenario with 902 flights, allowing robust evaluation of scalability and responsiveness under significant traffic and weather stress. Results show that the SSA algorithm achieves minimal route extensions (0.11% on average) in thunderstorm conditions compared to clear weather, while maintaining delay reductions and operational stability. Sensitivity analyses on slot shift ranges and decision strategies confirm the framework’s resilience, and simulated runway blockages demonstrate the role of holding stacks in mitigating conflicts during single-runway closures. By integrating conflict detection with real-time trajectory optimisation, this research offers Air Traffic Control Officers (ATCOs) a practical decision-support tool to enhance safety, efficiency, and resilience in emergency weather operations within TMAs.

本研究提出了在紧急天气事件中终端机动区域（TMAs）的飞机冲突检测和轨迹优化的实时框架。该方法集成了尾流湍流分离、节点和链路冲突评估以及动态运行约束，以确保恶劣天气干扰下安全高效的交通流。与传统的离线解决方法不同，引入了一种增强的选择性模拟退火（SSA）算法，以实现快速变化条件下的在线冲突检测和缓解。该框架通过成都双流国际机场（CTU） TMA的案例研究进行了验证。复制了8小时内451个到达航班的历史数据集，以创建包含902个航班的高密度场景，允许在重大交通和天气压力下对可扩展性和响应性进行稳健评估。结果表明，与晴朗天气相比，该算法在雷暴条件下实现了最小的路线扩展（平均0.11%），同时保持了延误减少和运行稳定性。对狭缝移位范围和决策策略的敏感性分析证实了该框架的弹性，模拟跑道阻塞证明了等待堆在单跑道关闭期间缓解冲突的作用。通过将冲突检测与实时轨迹优化相结合，本研究为空中交通管制人员（atco）提供了一个实用的决策支持工具，以提高tma紧急天气行动的安全性、效率和复原力。

{"title":"Real-Time aircraft conflict detection and trajectory optimisation for emergency weather management in terminal manoeuvring areas","authors":"Huijuan Yang , Daniel Delahaye , Ying Huo","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a real-time framework for aircraft conflict detection and trajectory optimisation in Terminal Manoeuvring Areas (TMAs) during emergency weather events. The proposed approach integrates wake turbulence separation, node and link conflict evaluation, and dynamic operational constraints to ensure safe and efficient traffic flow under severe weather disruptions. Departing from conventional offline resolution methods, an enhanced Selective Simulated Annealing (SSA) algorithm is introduced to enable online conflict detection and mitigation in rapidly changing conditions. The framework is validated through a case study at Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport (CTU) TMA. A historical dataset of 451 arrival flights over an 8-hour period is duplicated to create a high-density scenario with 902 flights, allowing robust evaluation of scalability and responsiveness under significant traffic and weather stress. Results show that the SSA algorithm achieves minimal route extensions (0.11% on average) in thunderstorm conditions compared to clear weather, while maintaining delay reductions and operational stability. Sensitivity analyses on slot shift ranges and decision strategies confirm the framework’s resilience, and simulated runway blockages demonstrate the role of holding stacks in mitigating conflicts during single-runway closures. By integrating conflict detection with real-time trajectory optimisation, this research offers Air Traffic Control Officers (ATCOs) a practical decision-support tool to enhance safety, efficiency, and resilience in emergency weather operations within TMAs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 102933"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145525873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How rainfall and air pollution influence flight delays and its associated economic losses: a case study based on Beijing-Shanghai flight in China? 降雨和空气污染如何影响航班延误及其相关的经济损失：基于中国京沪航班的案例研究？

IF 3.6 2区工程技术 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Air Transport Management

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102929

Lai Gan , Shenglong Xie , Tianbao Zhang , Tanglu Li , Yi Zhou , Na Huang , Zhihua Pan , Fei Lun , Qiyuan Hu

Flight delays hinder travel efficiency, causing economic losses and posing huge challenges for the aviation industry. While rising flight delays signal the nexus among weather conditions, their specific impacts were still insufficiently understood, especially considering rainfall and air pollution. By integrating 117,218 Beijing-Shanghai flight records with meteorological dataset, this study quantifies how rainfall and air pollution at both departure and arrival cities influence flight delays at hourly, daily, and monthly scales. Rainfall intensity nonlinearly increases delays: from 36.3 min on clear days to 66.2 min in moderate and above rain. Compound rainfall scenarios led to 26–78 % greater delays compared to single-point rainfall condition. Extreme rainfall event resulted in higher cancellation risk and afternoon delay exceeding clear-day delay by over 150 min. Seasonal analysis identified summer accounting for 39.3 % of all delays, largely driven by monsoon rainfall. Winter delays, though lower in magnitude, were significantly influenced by air pollution, which contributed to 25 % of delay hours during this season. Economic losses due to flight delay reached RMB 254 million during study period, about 70 % attributable to rainfall. These multi-scale mechanisms highlight compound weather-pollution interactions, offering a scientific basis for aviation resilience strategies.

航班延误阻碍了旅行效率，造成了经济损失，给航空业带来了巨大挑战。虽然不断增加的航班延误表明了天气状况之间的联系，但它们的具体影响仍然没有得到充分的了解，特别是考虑到降雨和空气污染。通过将117,218个京沪航班记录与气象数据集相结合，本研究量化了出发和到达城市的降雨和空气污染如何在小时、日和月尺度上影响航班延误。降雨强度非线性增加延误：晴天时为36.3分钟，中雨及以上时为66.2分钟。与单点降雨情况相比，复合降雨情景导致的延误要多26 - 78%。极端降雨事件导致航班取消风险增加，下午延误时间比晴天延误时间多150多分钟。季节分析表明，夏季占所有延误的39.3%，主要是由季风降雨造成的。冬季延误的程度虽然较低，但受空气污染的影响很大，在冬季延误的时间中，空气污染占25%。在研究期间，航班延误造成的经济损失达2.54亿元，其中约70%归因于降雨。这些多尺度机制突出了天气与污染的复合相互作用，为航空弹性策略提供了科学依据。

{"title":"How rainfall and air pollution influence flight delays and its associated economic losses: a case study based on Beijing-Shanghai flight in China?","authors":"Lai Gan , Shenglong Xie , Tianbao Zhang , Tanglu Li , Yi Zhou , Na Huang , Zhihua Pan , Fei Lun , Qiyuan Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flight delays hinder travel efficiency, causing economic losses and posing huge challenges for the aviation industry. While rising flight delays signal the nexus among weather conditions, their specific impacts were still insufficiently understood, especially considering rainfall and air pollution. By integrating 117,218 Beijing-Shanghai flight records with meteorological dataset, this study quantifies how rainfall and air pollution at both departure and arrival cities influence flight delays at hourly, daily, and monthly scales. Rainfall intensity nonlinearly increases delays: from 36.3 min on clear days to 66.2 min in moderate and above rain. Compound rainfall scenarios led to 26–78 % greater delays compared to single-point rainfall condition. Extreme rainfall event resulted in higher cancellation risk and afternoon delay exceeding clear-day delay by over 150 min. Seasonal analysis identified summer accounting for 39.3 % of all delays, largely driven by monsoon rainfall. Winter delays, though lower in magnitude, were significantly influenced by air pollution, which contributed to 25 % of delay hours during this season. Economic losses due to flight delay reached RMB 254 million during study period, about 70 % attributable to rainfall. These multi-scale mechanisms highlight compound weather-pollution interactions, offering a scientific basis for aviation resilience strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 102929"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145525874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flight centric complexity and allocation of flights to controllers 以飞行为中心的复杂性和分配给控制器的飞行

IF 3.6 2区工程技术 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Air Transport Management

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102906

Patrice Zombré , Andréas Guitart , Daniel Delahaye , Oludolapo A. Olanrewaju , Fabio Krykhtine , Felix Mora-Camino

Within the recent Trajectory Based Operations (TBO) framework for air traffic management, this communication addresses the problem of assigning flights to controllers. A new flight centric complexity measure of air traffic is adopted to characterise the traffic complexity of each flight and then to quantify the workload resulting from its supervision by controllers. Within the TBO framework, at the pre-tactical level, an original flight centric optimal assignment problem of flights to controllers is formulated. The solution of this problem determines, on the one hand, the size of the control during a given period of time, which is only a step towards the full sizing of the ATCO workforce for an entire day and, on the other hand, an optimal distribution of the traffic control workload between controllers and the corresponding flights under their supervision. The computational complexity of this combinatorial problem leads to the development of an approximate solution method to deal with it. A heuristic is effectively developed to provide a feasible solution at an acceptable computational cost, allowing the treatment of problems of large dimension. A case study is presented to compare the performance of the solution provided by the heuristic with three practical methods. The proposed heuristic appears to be superior to these methods, and the performances that can be expected from it are: feasibility with respect to capacity constraints, minimisation of interactions between controller teams, and balanced workload distribution. Then, tactical issues are introduced and different schemes, all based directly or indirectly on the introduced flight centric complexity measure, are discussed to face operational disturbances and air traffic conflicts.

在最近用于空中交通管理的基于轨迹的操作（TBO）框架中，这种通信解决了将航班分配给管制员的问题。采用了一种新的以飞行为中心的空中交通复杂性度量方法来表征每个航班的交通复杂性，从而量化管制员监督所带来的工作量。在TBO框架内，在战术前层面，提出了一个原始的以飞行为中心的航班到管制员的最优分配问题。这个问题的解决，一方面决定了给定时间内的管制规模，这只是向ATCO全天工作人员的全部规模迈出的一步，另一方面，在管制员和他们监管的相应航班之间实现交通管制工作量的最佳分配。这种组合问题的计算复杂性导致了近似解方法的发展来处理它。在可接受的计算成本下，有效地开发了一种启发式方法，以提供可行的解决方案，允许处理大维度的问题。通过实例比较了启发式算法与三种实际方法的性能。所提出的启发式方法似乎优于这些方法，并且可以从中预期的性能是：关于容量限制的可行性，控制器团队之间的交互最小化，以及平衡的工作负载分配。然后，介绍了战术问题，并讨论了直接或间接基于引入的以飞行为中心的复杂性度量的不同方案，以应对作战干扰和空中交通冲突。

{"title":"Flight centric complexity and allocation of flights to controllers","authors":"Patrice Zombré , Andréas Guitart , Daniel Delahaye , Oludolapo A. Olanrewaju , Fabio Krykhtine , Felix Mora-Camino","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102906","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102906","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Within the recent Trajectory Based Operations (TBO) framework for air traffic management, this communication addresses the problem of assigning flights to controllers. A new flight centric complexity measure of air traffic is adopted to characterise the traffic complexity of each flight and then to quantify the workload resulting from its supervision by controllers. Within the TBO framework, at the pre-tactical level, an original flight centric optimal assignment problem of flights to controllers is formulated. The solution of this problem determines, on the one hand, the size of the control during a given period of time, which is only a step towards the full sizing of the ATCO workforce for an entire day and, on the other hand, an optimal distribution of the traffic control workload between controllers and the corresponding flights under their supervision. The computational complexity of this combinatorial problem leads to the development of an approximate solution method to deal with it. A heuristic is effectively developed to provide a feasible solution at an acceptable computational cost, allowing the treatment of problems of large dimension. A case study is presented to compare the performance of the solution provided by the heuristic with three practical methods. The proposed heuristic appears to be superior to these methods, and the performances that can be expected from it are: feasibility with respect to capacity constraints, minimisation of interactions between controller teams, and balanced workload distribution. Then, tactical issues are introduced and different schemes, all based directly or indirectly on the introduced flight centric complexity measure, are discussed to face operational disturbances and air traffic conflicts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 102906"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of oil prices shocks in the valuation of stock prices of aviation companies 油价震荡对航空公司股价估值的影响

IF 3.6 2区工程技术 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Air Transport Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102882

Mirko Gabbiadini, Michele Meoli, Stefano Paleari

This study investigates the impact of oil price changes on the market value of the aviation industry. We analyze a sample of 121 airlines and 30 airports listed worldwide between 2000Q1 and 2023Q4 and find that overall, oil price changes deteriorate the market value of the aviation industry.

However, the marginal effect of oil price changes is more negative for airlines than for airports. When we disentangle oil price changes into demand shocks and supply shocks, we find that airlines benefit more from demand shocks, whereas airports are more resilient to supply shocks. Our results suggest that oil price changes contribute to a shift in value within the aviation industry, from airlines to airports, and that demand shock and supply shock exert a different impact between airlines and airports.

本研究探讨石油价格变动对航空业市场价值的影响。我们分析了2000年第一季度至2023Q4年间全球上市的121家航空公司和30个机场的样本，发现总体而言，油价变化恶化了航空业的市场价值。然而，油价变动的边际效应对航空公司的负面影响大于对机场的负面影响。当我们将油价变化分解为需求冲击和供给冲击时，我们发现航空公司从需求冲击中获益更多，而机场对供给冲击的抵御能力更强。我们的研究结果表明，油价变化有助于航空业的价值转移，从航空公司到机场，需求冲击和供应冲击在航空公司和机场之间产生不同的影响。

引用次数: 0

Analyzing network selection competition between airlines using Graph Model for Conflict Resolution in the foresight of two steps 基于两步预见冲突解决的图模型分析航空公司网络选择竞争

IF 3.6 2区工程技术 Q2 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Air Transport Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102893

Shawei He , Peng Sun , Jiangying Qin , Changmin Jiang

The selection of network structures is instrumental for airlines to gain upper hand in market competition. In the existing research, game theoretical methodologies are utilized to provide equilibria for suggesting strategies in competition. Nowadays, utilities for airlines are increasingly affected by factors which are difficult to calibrate, such as geopolitical events. Besides, airlines as wise decision makers not only consider the strategic moves in the foresight of one step, but also what could be the counteractions from opponent airlines. In this paper, the selection of network structures between two competing airlines are investigated using graph model for conflict resolution (GMCR), an effective methodology for solving strategic conflicts. The equilibria of competition are calculated without the requirement of explicit expression of utilities, and reflecting the perception of each airlines in two steps. Theorems are provided to indicate the existence of the equilibria in the competition, including Nash equilibria and sequentially stable (SEQ) equilibria for the foresight of two steps. Comparing with the equilibria calculated in the existing literature based on the same modelling settings, the Nash equilibria suggested by GMCR are consistent with those calculated by classical game theory approach. Besides, GMCR can indicate SEQ equilibria as an enhanced understanding of competition reflecting longer foresights of DMs. In particular, the SEQ equilibria in Scenarios 1 and 2 of this paper indicate alternative strategies by adopting which both airlines could be more profitable compared with the strategies suggested by Nash equilibria. As demonstrated in this paper, GMCR not only requires less information in modelling, but is also capable of providing more insightful strategies for DMs in aviation industry. Moreover, the framework of addressing the network selection problem using GMCR could provide a useful paradigm for analyzing wider range of strategic competition problems in aviation industry in the future.

网络结构的选择是航空公司在市场竞争中取得优势的重要手段。在现有的研究中，利用博弈论的方法为竞争中的策略建议提供均衡。如今，航空公司的公用事业越来越多地受到难以校准的因素的影响，例如地缘政治事件。此外，作为明智的决策者，航空公司不仅要考虑一步的战略举措，还要考虑对手航空公司可能采取的反击措施。本文采用冲突解决图模型（GMCR）这一解决战略冲突的有效方法，对竞争两家航空公司之间的网络结构选择进行了研究。竞争均衡的计算不要求明确表达效用，并分两步反映各航空公司的感知。给出了竞争均衡存在的定理，包括纳什均衡和两步前瞻的顺序稳定均衡。与已有文献在相同模型设置下计算的均衡相比，GMCR所提出的纳什均衡与经典博弈论方法计算的纳什均衡基本一致。此外，GMCR可以表明SEQ均衡是对竞争的更好理解，反映了决策者更长远的远见。特别是，本文情景1和情景2中的SEQ均衡表明，与纳什均衡建议的策略相比，采用两家航空公司都可以更有利可图的替代策略。如本文所示，GMCR不仅在建模上需要更少的信息，而且能够为航空业的决策经理提供更有洞察力的策略。此外，利用GMCR解决网络选择问题的框架可以为未来航空业更广泛的战略竞争问题的分析提供一个有用的范式。

{"title":"Analyzing network selection competition between airlines using Graph Model for Conflict Resolution in the foresight of two steps","authors":"Shawei He , Peng Sun , Jiangying Qin , Changmin Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The selection of network structures is instrumental for airlines to gain upper hand in market competition. In the existing research, game theoretical methodologies are utilized to provide equilibria for suggesting strategies in competition. Nowadays, utilities for airlines are increasingly affected by factors which are difficult to calibrate, such as geopolitical events. Besides, airlines as wise decision makers not only consider the strategic moves in the foresight of one step, but also what could be the counteractions from opponent airlines. In this paper, the selection of network structures between two competing airlines are investigated using graph model for conflict resolution (GMCR), an effective methodology for solving strategic conflicts. The equilibria of competition are calculated without the requirement of explicit expression of utilities, and reflecting the perception of each airlines in two steps. Theorems are provided to indicate the existence of the equilibria in the competition, including Nash equilibria and sequentially stable (SEQ) equilibria for the foresight of two steps. Comparing with the equilibria calculated in the existing literature based on the same modelling settings, the Nash equilibria suggested by GMCR are consistent with those calculated by classical game theory approach. Besides, GMCR can indicate SEQ equilibria as an enhanced understanding of competition reflecting longer foresights of DMs. In particular, the SEQ equilibria in Scenarios 1 and 2 of this paper indicate alternative strategies by adopting which both airlines could be more profitable compared with the strategies suggested by Nash equilibria. As demonstrated in this paper, GMCR not only requires less information in modelling, but is also capable of providing more insightful strategies for DMs in aviation industry. Moreover, the framework of addressing the network selection problem using GMCR could provide a useful paradigm for analyzing wider range of strategic competition problems in aviation industry in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 102893"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0