Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-11-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102931
Qian Liu
We advance the measurement of multimarket contact (MMC) in the airline competition literature by introducing a flight frequency weighted Jaccard index. Unlike conventional MMC measures that rely on binary market presence, our proposed index captures both market overlap and supply strategic similarity through flight frequency. Current airline competition research can be divided into market-based metrics (e.g., HHI, CR), which overlook relationships among firms, and airline-based metrics, of which MMC is the most prominent but only considers market overlap. Our index bridges this gap and describes the pairwise competitive intensity among airlines within a specific geographic region. We interpret the use of the index through three applications: unsupervised clustering of airline business models, detection of market shocks, and tracking changes in competitive relationships during disruptions. Our work will allow researchers to refine previous MMC related studies. This work provides policymakers with tools to monitor real-time market competition and may better inform competition regulation design. For airlines, they can leverage the index to identify rivals with the same or different business models, measure their competitive intensity, and choose their competition strategy accordingly.
{"title":"Enhancing airline multimarket competition analysis with a pairwise competitive intensity index based on weighted Jaccard index","authors":"Qian Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We advance the measurement of multimarket contact (MMC) in the airline competition literature by introducing a flight frequency weighted Jaccard index. Unlike conventional MMC measures that rely on binary market presence, our proposed index captures both market overlap and supply strategic similarity through flight frequency. Current airline competition research can be divided into market-based metrics (e.g., HHI, CR), which overlook relationships among firms, and airline-based metrics, of which MMC is the most prominent but only considers market overlap. Our index bridges this gap and describes the pairwise competitive intensity among airlines within a specific geographic region. We interpret the use of the index through three applications: unsupervised clustering of airline business models, detection of market shocks, and tracking changes in competitive relationships during disruptions. Our work will allow researchers to refine previous MMC related studies. This work provides policymakers with tools to monitor real-time market competition and may better inform competition regulation design. For airlines, they can leverage the index to identify rivals with the same or different business models, measure their competitive intensity, and choose their competition strategy accordingly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 102931"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145575889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102911
Francisco Antunes , Manuela Freire , Paulo Melo , João Paulo Costa
This study examines the application of sentiment analysis (SA) and emotion detection (ED) within the airline industry. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology, we identified and evaluated relevant literature from Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (2014–2024), yielding 60 high-quality studies. The results are organized into four thematic clusters: customer analysis, crisis management, business improvements, and analytics techniques.
In customer analysis, SA/ED techniques are used to process feedback from social media, review sites, and surveys, enhancing service quality and brand reputation. The crisis management section demonstrates how these methods facilitate the early detection of issues and prompt timely responses during disruptions. Business improvements are addressed through demand forecasting, marketing optimization, and operational adjustment. The analytics techniques section evidences a shift in SA from traditional lexicon-based methods to advanced machine learning, deep learning, and hybrid approaches, including transformer-based models.
We also highlight research gaps, emphasizing the need for robust real-time systems and improved multilingual data handling. Overall, the findings underscore the potential of SA/ED to drive agile, customer-centric strategies and invite further exploration into integrated analytical models for the airline industry.
本研究探讨了情绪分析（SA）和情绪检测（ED）在航空业中的应用。采用系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目（PRISMA）方法，我们从Scopus、Web of Science和谷歌Scholar（2014-2024）中识别和评估了相关文献，获得了60篇高质量的研究。结果分为四个主题集群：客户分析、危机管理、业务改进和分析技术。在客户分析中，SA/ED技术用于处理来自社交媒体、评论网站和调查的反馈，从而提高服务质量和品牌声誉。危机管理部分演示了这些方法如何促进及早发现问题，并在中断期间迅速作出及时反应。业务改进是通过需求预测、营销优化和运营调整来实现的。分析技术部分证明了SA从传统的基于词典的方法向高级机器学习、深度学习和混合方法（包括基于转换器的模型）的转变。我们还强调了研究差距，强调需要强大的实时系统和改进的多语言数据处理。总体而言，研究结果强调了SA/ED在推动敏捷、以客户为中心的战略方面的潜力，并促使人们进一步探索航空业的综合分析模型。
{"title":"From emotional data to decisions: A systematic review on how airlines use sentiments and emotions to stay ahead","authors":"Francisco Antunes , Manuela Freire , Paulo Melo , João Paulo Costa","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the application of sentiment analysis (SA) and emotion detection (ED) within the airline industry. Using the <em>Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)</em> methodology, we identified and evaluated relevant literature from <em>Scopus</em>, <em>Web of Science</em>, and <em>Google Scholar</em> (2014–2024), yielding 60 high-quality studies. The results are organized into four thematic clusters: customer analysis, crisis management, business improvements, and analytics techniques.</div><div>In customer analysis, SA/ED techniques are used to process feedback from social media, review sites, and surveys, enhancing service quality and brand reputation. The crisis management section demonstrates how these methods facilitate the early detection of issues and prompt timely responses during disruptions. Business improvements are addressed through demand forecasting, marketing optimization, and operational adjustment. The analytics techniques section evidences a shift in SA from traditional lexicon-based methods to advanced machine learning, deep learning, and hybrid approaches, including transformer-based models.</div><div>We also highlight research gaps, emphasizing the need for robust real-time systems and improved multilingual data handling. Overall, the findings underscore the potential of SA/ED to drive agile, customer-centric strategies and invite further exploration into integrated analytical models for the airline industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 102911"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145267566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-10-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102920
Yi Gao, Jiayu Liu
Frequent flyer programs (FFPs) have evolved from simple mileage-based loyalty schemes into sophisticated, revenue-generating entities that play a central role in airline business models. This study conducts a systematic literature review of 107 academic papers on airline FFPs, synthesizing research across ten thematic areas, including their historical development, financial and operational structures, consumer benefits, behavioral impacts, and competitive implications. The review highlights how FFPs enhance airline profitability through increased customer retention, fare premiums, and partnerships with financial institutions, while also serving as strategic tools to maintain market dominance. However, findings reveal that while FFPs successfully drive short-term behavioral loyalty—particularly among elite-tier members—their ability to foster long-term emotional loyalty remains uncertain. Studies indicate that perceived benefits vary across traveler segments, with business travelers and frequent flyers valuing status and exclusivity, while leisure travelers prioritize monetary savings and redemption flexibility. FFPs also create significant switching costs, limiting competition and enabling dominant airlines to command fare premiums, particularly at hub airports. The review further examines challenges such as status demotion, fairness perceptions, regulatory scrutiny, and liability management, alongside emerging trends in personalization, gamification, and technology integration. Identified research gaps include the long-term financial sustainability of FFPs, the psychological mechanisms driving member engagement, and the evolving role of artificial intelligence and big data in loyalty management. Addressing these areas will be crucial for airlines to refine their FFP strategies and maintain customer trust in an increasingly dynamic and competitive aviation landscape.
{"title":"Frequent flyer programs in academic studies: A literature review of research progress since 2000","authors":"Yi Gao, Jiayu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Frequent flyer programs (FFPs) have evolved from simple mileage-based loyalty schemes into sophisticated, revenue-generating entities that play a central role in airline business models. This study conducts a systematic literature review of 107 academic papers on airline FFPs, synthesizing research across ten thematic areas, including their historical development, financial and operational structures, consumer benefits, behavioral impacts, and competitive implications. The review highlights how FFPs enhance airline profitability through increased customer retention, fare premiums, and partnerships with financial institutions, while also serving as strategic tools to maintain market dominance. However, findings reveal that while FFPs successfully drive short-term behavioral loyalty—particularly among elite-tier members—their ability to foster long-term emotional loyalty remains uncertain. Studies indicate that perceived benefits vary across traveler segments, with business travelers and frequent flyers valuing status and exclusivity, while leisure travelers prioritize monetary savings and redemption flexibility. FFPs also create significant switching costs, limiting competition and enabling dominant airlines to command fare premiums, particularly at hub airports. The review further examines challenges such as status demotion, fairness perceptions, regulatory scrutiny, and liability management, alongside emerging trends in personalization, gamification, and technology integration. Identified research gaps include the long-term financial sustainability of FFPs, the psychological mechanisms driving member engagement, and the evolving role of artificial intelligence and big data in loyalty management. Addressing these areas will be crucial for airlines to refine their FFP strategies and maintain customer trust in an increasingly dynamic and competitive aviation landscape.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 102920"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145416265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-09-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102905
Xin Chen , Kei Wei Chia
This study aims to examine a serial mediation model in which passenger incivility affects emotional labour (i.e. surface acting), which in turn influences emotional exhaustion, which ultimately increases the intention to leave among flight attendants. The mediating roles of surface acting and emotional exhaustion are also examined in this model. Data from a sample of 203 flight attendants of major airlines in China was collected and analysed. The results indicate that passenger incivility does not directly influence turnover intention but that the link is partially mediated by emotional exhaustion. However, surface acting was found not to mediate the relationship between passenger incivility and turnover intention. This study is among the first to highlight the consequences of passenger incivility in the Chinese aviation industry.
{"title":"Flying high or saying goodbye? passenger incivility and flight attendants’ turnover intention: A serial mediation model of surface acting and emotional exhaustion","authors":"Xin Chen , Kei Wei Chia","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102905","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to examine a serial mediation model in which passenger incivility affects emotional labour (i.e. surface acting), which in turn influences emotional exhaustion, which ultimately increases the intention to leave among flight attendants. The mediating roles of surface acting and emotional exhaustion are also examined in this model. Data from a sample of 203 flight attendants of major airlines in China was collected and analysed. The results indicate that passenger incivility does not directly influence turnover intention but that the link is partially mediated by emotional exhaustion. However, surface acting was found not to mediate the relationship between passenger incivility and turnover intention. This study is among the first to highlight the consequences of passenger incivility in the Chinese aviation industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 102905"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102925
Ahmed Abdelghany , Khaled Abdelghany
Irregular operations (IROPS) are among the most complex challenges in airline management. Drawing from both academic gaps and practitioner insight, this paper reframes IROPS as a system-level problem rooted in capacity–demand imbalances and characterized by deeply interdependent recovery decisions. We discuss main core recovery actions and maps the main directional interdependencies among them, highlighting how local actions propagate across the airline network. This reconceptualization shifts the focus from compartmentalized solutions toward integrated, operationally aligned recovery models. The contribution lies in redefining the problem itself to better reflect the realities of airline operations and decision-making. Our goal is to provide a foundation for future modeling, simulation, and optimization studies that more accurately represent the dynamics of large-scale disruption recovery.
{"title":"Addressing the systemic complexity of airline irregular operations: Toward integrated schedule recovery","authors":"Ahmed Abdelghany , Khaled Abdelghany","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Irregular operations (IROPS) are among the most complex challenges in airline management. Drawing from both academic gaps and practitioner insight, this paper reframes IROPS as a system-level problem rooted in capacity–demand imbalances and characterized by deeply interdependent recovery decisions. We discuss main core recovery actions and maps the main directional interdependencies among them, highlighting how local actions propagate across the airline network. This reconceptualization shifts the focus from compartmentalized solutions toward integrated, operationally aligned recovery models. The contribution lies in redefining the problem itself to better reflect the realities of airline operations and decision-making. Our goal is to provide a foundation for future modeling, simulation, and optimization studies that more accurately represent the dynamics of large-scale disruption recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 102925"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145463152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102933
Huijuan Yang , Daniel Delahaye , Ying Huo
This study presents a real-time framework for aircraft conflict detection and trajectory optimisation in Terminal Manoeuvring Areas (TMAs) during emergency weather events. The proposed approach integrates wake turbulence separation, node and link conflict evaluation, and dynamic operational constraints to ensure safe and efficient traffic flow under severe weather disruptions. Departing from conventional offline resolution methods, an enhanced Selective Simulated Annealing (SSA) algorithm is introduced to enable online conflict detection and mitigation in rapidly changing conditions. The framework is validated through a case study at Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport (CTU) TMA. A historical dataset of 451 arrival flights over an 8-hour period is duplicated to create a high-density scenario with 902 flights, allowing robust evaluation of scalability and responsiveness under significant traffic and weather stress. Results show that the SSA algorithm achieves minimal route extensions (0.11% on average) in thunderstorm conditions compared to clear weather, while maintaining delay reductions and operational stability. Sensitivity analyses on slot shift ranges and decision strategies confirm the framework’s resilience, and simulated runway blockages demonstrate the role of holding stacks in mitigating conflicts during single-runway closures. By integrating conflict detection with real-time trajectory optimisation, this research offers Air Traffic Control Officers (ATCOs) a practical decision-support tool to enhance safety, efficiency, and resilience in emergency weather operations within TMAs.
{"title":"Real-Time aircraft conflict detection and trajectory optimisation for emergency weather management in terminal manoeuvring areas","authors":"Huijuan Yang , Daniel Delahaye , Ying Huo","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a real-time framework for aircraft conflict detection and trajectory optimisation in Terminal Manoeuvring Areas (TMAs) during emergency weather events. The proposed approach integrates wake turbulence separation, node and link conflict evaluation, and dynamic operational constraints to ensure safe and efficient traffic flow under severe weather disruptions. Departing from conventional offline resolution methods, an enhanced Selective Simulated Annealing (SSA) algorithm is introduced to enable online conflict detection and mitigation in rapidly changing conditions. The framework is validated through a case study at Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport (CTU) TMA. A historical dataset of 451 arrival flights over an 8-hour period is duplicated to create a high-density scenario with 902 flights, allowing robust evaluation of scalability and responsiveness under significant traffic and weather stress. Results show that the SSA algorithm achieves minimal route extensions (0.11% on average) in thunderstorm conditions compared to clear weather, while maintaining delay reductions and operational stability. Sensitivity analyses on slot shift ranges and decision strategies confirm the framework’s resilience, and simulated runway blockages demonstrate the role of holding stacks in mitigating conflicts during single-runway closures. By integrating conflict detection with real-time trajectory optimisation, this research offers Air Traffic Control Officers (ATCOs) a practical decision-support tool to enhance safety, efficiency, and resilience in emergency weather operations within TMAs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 102933"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145525873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102929
Lai Gan , Shenglong Xie , Tianbao Zhang , Tanglu Li , Yi Zhou , Na Huang , Zhihua Pan , Fei Lun , Qiyuan Hu
Flight delays hinder travel efficiency, causing economic losses and posing huge challenges for the aviation industry. While rising flight delays signal the nexus among weather conditions, their specific impacts were still insufficiently understood, especially considering rainfall and air pollution. By integrating 117,218 Beijing-Shanghai flight records with meteorological dataset, this study quantifies how rainfall and air pollution at both departure and arrival cities influence flight delays at hourly, daily, and monthly scales. Rainfall intensity nonlinearly increases delays: from 36.3 min on clear days to 66.2 min in moderate and above rain. Compound rainfall scenarios led to 26–78 % greater delays compared to single-point rainfall condition. Extreme rainfall event resulted in higher cancellation risk and afternoon delay exceeding clear-day delay by over 150 min. Seasonal analysis identified summer accounting for 39.3 % of all delays, largely driven by monsoon rainfall. Winter delays, though lower in magnitude, were significantly influenced by air pollution, which contributed to 25 % of delay hours during this season. Economic losses due to flight delay reached RMB 254 million during study period, about 70 % attributable to rainfall. These multi-scale mechanisms highlight compound weather-pollution interactions, offering a scientific basis for aviation resilience strategies.
{"title":"How rainfall and air pollution influence flight delays and its associated economic losses: a case study based on Beijing-Shanghai flight in China?","authors":"Lai Gan , Shenglong Xie , Tianbao Zhang , Tanglu Li , Yi Zhou , Na Huang , Zhihua Pan , Fei Lun , Qiyuan Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flight delays hinder travel efficiency, causing economic losses and posing huge challenges for the aviation industry. While rising flight delays signal the nexus among weather conditions, their specific impacts were still insufficiently understood, especially considering rainfall and air pollution. By integrating 117,218 Beijing-Shanghai flight records with meteorological dataset, this study quantifies how rainfall and air pollution at both departure and arrival cities influence flight delays at hourly, daily, and monthly scales. Rainfall intensity nonlinearly increases delays: from 36.3 min on clear days to 66.2 min in moderate and above rain. Compound rainfall scenarios led to 26–78 % greater delays compared to single-point rainfall condition. Extreme rainfall event resulted in higher cancellation risk and afternoon delay exceeding clear-day delay by over 150 min. Seasonal analysis identified summer accounting for 39.3 % of all delays, largely driven by monsoon rainfall. Winter delays, though lower in magnitude, were significantly influenced by air pollution, which contributed to 25 % of delay hours during this season. Economic losses due to flight delay reached RMB 254 million during study period, about 70 % attributable to rainfall. These multi-scale mechanisms highlight compound weather-pollution interactions, offering a scientific basis for aviation resilience strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 102929"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145525874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-09-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102906
Patrice Zombré , Andréas Guitart , Daniel Delahaye , Oludolapo A. Olanrewaju , Fabio Krykhtine , Felix Mora-Camino
Within the recent Trajectory Based Operations (TBO) framework for air traffic management, this communication addresses the problem of assigning flights to controllers. A new flight centric complexity measure of air traffic is adopted to characterise the traffic complexity of each flight and then to quantify the workload resulting from its supervision by controllers. Within the TBO framework, at the pre-tactical level, an original flight centric optimal assignment problem of flights to controllers is formulated. The solution of this problem determines, on the one hand, the size of the control during a given period of time, which is only a step towards the full sizing of the ATCO workforce for an entire day and, on the other hand, an optimal distribution of the traffic control workload between controllers and the corresponding flights under their supervision. The computational complexity of this combinatorial problem leads to the development of an approximate solution method to deal with it. A heuristic is effectively developed to provide a feasible solution at an acceptable computational cost, allowing the treatment of problems of large dimension. A case study is presented to compare the performance of the solution provided by the heuristic with three practical methods. The proposed heuristic appears to be superior to these methods, and the performances that can be expected from it are: feasibility with respect to capacity constraints, minimisation of interactions between controller teams, and balanced workload distribution. Then, tactical issues are introduced and different schemes, all based directly or indirectly on the introduced flight centric complexity measure, are discussed to face operational disturbances and air traffic conflicts.
{"title":"Flight centric complexity and allocation of flights to controllers","authors":"Patrice Zombré , Andréas Guitart , Daniel Delahaye , Oludolapo A. Olanrewaju , Fabio Krykhtine , Felix Mora-Camino","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102906","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102906","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Within the recent Trajectory Based Operations (TBO) framework for air traffic management, this communication addresses the problem of assigning flights to controllers. A new flight centric complexity measure of air traffic is adopted to characterise the traffic complexity of each flight and then to quantify the workload resulting from its supervision by controllers. Within the TBO framework, at the pre-tactical level, an original flight centric optimal assignment problem of flights to controllers is formulated. The solution of this problem determines, on the one hand, the size of the control during a given period of time, which is only a step towards the full sizing of the ATCO workforce for an entire day and, on the other hand, an optimal distribution of the traffic control workload between controllers and the corresponding flights under their supervision. The computational complexity of this combinatorial problem leads to the development of an approximate solution method to deal with it. A heuristic is effectively developed to provide a feasible solution at an acceptable computational cost, allowing the treatment of problems of large dimension. A case study is presented to compare the performance of the solution provided by the heuristic with three practical methods. The proposed heuristic appears to be superior to these methods, and the performances that can be expected from it are: feasibility with respect to capacity constraints, minimisation of interactions between controller teams, and balanced workload distribution. Then, tactical issues are introduced and different schemes, all based directly or indirectly on the introduced flight centric complexity measure, are discussed to face operational disturbances and air traffic conflicts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 102906"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-08-20DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102882
Mirko Gabbiadini, Michele Meoli, Stefano Paleari
This study investigates the impact of oil price changes on the market value of the aviation industry. We analyze a sample of 121 airlines and 30 airports listed worldwide between 2000Q1 and 2023Q4 and find that overall, oil price changes deteriorate the market value of the aviation industry.
However, the marginal effect of oil price changes is more negative for airlines than for airports. When we disentangle oil price changes into demand shocks and supply shocks, we find that airlines benefit more from demand shocks, whereas airports are more resilient to supply shocks. Our results suggest that oil price changes contribute to a shift in value within the aviation industry, from airlines to airports, and that demand shock and supply shock exert a different impact between airlines and airports.
{"title":"The impact of oil prices shocks in the valuation of stock prices of aviation companies","authors":"Mirko Gabbiadini, Michele Meoli, Stefano Paleari","doi":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of oil price changes on the market value of the aviation industry. We analyze a sample of 121 airlines and 30 airports listed worldwide between 2000Q1 and 2023Q4 and find that overall, oil price changes deteriorate the market value of the aviation industry.</div><div>However, the marginal effect of oil price changes is more negative for airlines than for airports. When we disentangle oil price changes into demand shocks and supply shocks, we find that airlines benefit more from demand shocks, whereas airports are more resilient to supply shocks. Our results suggest that oil price changes contribute to a shift in value within the aviation industry, from airlines to airports, and that demand shock and supply shock exert a different impact between airlines and airports.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14925,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Air Transport Management","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 102882"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-09-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2025.102893
Shawei He , Peng Sun , Jiangying Qin , Changmin Jiang
The selection of network structures is instrumental for airlines to gain upper hand in market competition. In the existing research, game theoretical methodologies are utilized to provide equilibria for suggesting strategies in competition. Nowadays, utilities for airlines are increasingly affected by factors which are difficult to calibrate, such as geopolitical events. Besides, airlines as wise decision makers not only consider the strategic moves in the foresight of one step, but also what could be the counteractions from opponent airlines. In this paper, the selection of network structures between two competing airlines are investigated using graph model for conflict resolution (GMCR), an effective methodology for solving strategic conflicts. The equilibria of competition are calculated without the requirement of explicit expression of utilities, and reflecting the perception of each airlines in two steps. Theorems are provided to indicate the existence of the equilibria in the competition, including Nash equilibria and sequentially stable (SEQ) equilibria for the foresight of two steps. Comparing with the equilibria calculated in the existing literature based on the same modelling settings, the Nash equilibria suggested by GMCR are consistent with those calculated by classical game theory approach. Besides, GMCR can indicate SEQ equilibria as an enhanced understanding of competition reflecting longer foresights of DMs. In particular, the SEQ equilibria in Scenarios 1 and 2 of this paper indicate alternative strategies by adopting which both airlines could be more profitable compared with the strategies suggested by Nash equilibria. As demonstrated in this paper, GMCR not only requires less information in modelling, but is also capable of providing more insightful strategies for DMs in aviation industry. Moreover, the framework of addressing the network selection problem using GMCR could provide a useful paradigm for analyzing wider range of strategic competition problems in aviation industry in the future.
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