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An Overview of Diverse Biological Activities of Cinnoline Scaffold 噌啉支架的多种生物活性概述
IF 2.3 4区 化学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.2174/0118756298265037231119063008
Mohammad Asif, Mamdouh Allahyani, Abdulelah Aljuaid, Mazen M. Almehmadi, Ahad Alsaiari, Abdulaziz Alsharif
: The cinnoline nucleus is a bicyclic ring and is an isosteric precursor to quinolone or isoquinoline. Cinnoline analogs are aromatic heterocyclic compounds having diverse therapeutic activities, such as antimicrobial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tuberculosis, antimalarial, anticonvulsant, antioxidant, anticancer, antihypertensive, anti-anxiety, and other activities. This heterocyclic nucleus is attracting a lot of attention in medicinal chemistry and is used as a structural subunit in various compounds with attractive medicinal and chemical properties. In this review, we focus on the biological activities of cinnoline analogs with various substitutions.
:噌啉核是一个双环,是喹诺酮或异喹啉的同素异形前体。噌啉类似物是芳香杂环化合物,具有多种治疗活性,如抗菌、镇痛、消炎、抗结核、抗疟、抗惊厥、抗氧化、抗癌、降压、抗焦虑等。这种杂环核在药物化学中备受关注,被用作各种化合物的结构亚基,具有诱人的药物和化学特性。在这篇综述中,我们将重点讨论具有各种取代结构的噌啉类似物的生物活性。
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引用次数: 0
Neuropharmacological Potential of Different Piperazine Analogs: A Recent Prospective 不同哌嗪类似物的神经药理潜力:最近的一项前瞻性研究
IF 2.3 4区 化学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.2174/0118756298277743231213065544
Mamdouh Allahyani, Mazen Almehmadi, Ahad Amer Alsaiari, Mohammad Asif, Sachin Kumar
: Heterocyclic moiety is a key part of some enzymes and vitamins and plays a vital role in various biochemical and enzymatic processes. Piperazine ring is a heterocyclic moiety present in various well-known drugs and is effective against different types of diseases by acting on a variety of receptors. Various piperazine analogs possess diverse biological activities, especially in central nervous system disorders, which involve the activation of neurotransmitter receptors and targeting various enzymes and act as antianxiety, antipsychotic, antidepressant, etc. This review is focused on the piperazine derivatives and their diverse therapeutic potential against different types of diseases particularly against neuronal disorders.
:杂环分子是某些酶和维生素的重要组成部分,在各种生化和酶解过程中发挥着重要作用。哌嗪环是存在于各种知名药物中的杂环分子,通过作用于各种受体,对不同类型的疾病有效。各种哌嗪类似物具有不同的生物活性,特别是在中枢神经系统疾病中,它们涉及激活神经递质受体和靶向各种酶,并具有抗焦虑、抗精神病和抗抑郁等作用。本综述主要介绍哌嗪衍生物及其对不同类型疾病(尤其是神经元疾病)的不同治疗潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Advances in Chemical Epigenetic Modification Methods in the Study of Fungal Secondary Metabolites 研究真菌次级代谢物的化学表观遗传修饰方法的进展
IF 2.3 4区 化学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.2174/0118756298278037231122041718
Bing Liu, Yuxin Wang, Ning Chen, Chenxue Li, Jintong Zhao, Ting Li
: The secondary metabolites produced by fungi are an important resource for new drug development, and the biosynthesis of fungal secondary metabolites is closely related to the epigenetic status of the chromosomes in which their gene clusters are located. However, the induction of fungal silencing of gene expression is one of the challenges faced at this stage. Chemical epigenetic modification is a simple and effective method to regulate fungal metabolism by adding chemical epigenetic modifiers to the culture medium to activate silent metabolic pathways in the fungus, resulting in the production of cryptic natural products. This paper reviews the progress of research on increasing the chemical diversity of fungal secondary metabolites using chemical epigenetic modifications, with the aim of providing a reference for the in-depth study of fungal natural products.
:真菌产生的次生代谢物是新药开发的重要资源,而真菌次生代谢物的生物合成与其基因簇所在染色体的表观遗传状态密切相关。然而,诱导真菌沉默基因表达是现阶段面临的挑战之一。化学表观遗传修饰是一种简单有效的真菌代谢调控方法,通过在培养基中添加化学表观遗传修饰剂,激活真菌体内沉默的代谢途径,从而产生隐性天然产物。本文综述了利用化学表观遗传修饰增加真菌次生代谢产物化学多样性的研究进展,旨在为深入研究真菌天然产物提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Last Decades’ Overview on Tandem Catalysis: Intrigue in Organo-metallic Chemistry 过去几十年串联催化概述:有机金属化学的奥秘
IF 2.3 4区 化学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118756298288651240103062430
Jyoti Kuchhadiya, khushal kapadiya
: Catalytic transformations have been observed in every reaction to provide a specific product and to formulate regio and stereo-selective adducts in well-defined pathways. Among various catalytic processes used in current chemistry, tandem catalysis has been proven to be an effective technology by applying the technology for better and time-saving ways of production. It has shown its usability in various fields of research like organic reactions, inorganic salt extractions, isolation, and purification of intermediates, photoprotection of dye, pigment, and polymer chemistry, specifically in paint industries, biological sequencing and natural product chemistry. Ideally, it is a single molecule conversation to the desired product (beneficial to both research and industries) with many competing effects in spatial arrangement with almost no major equipment in operation. The advantages of tandem catalysis in the field of chemistry (Organic/Biochemistry/ Polymer chemistry etc.) by utilizing the positive side is a newer way for energetic and favourable technology.
:在每个反应中都能观察到催化转化,以提供特定的产物,并以明确的途径形成具有区域和立体选择性的加合物。在当前化学中使用的各种催化过程中,串联催化技术已被证明是一种有效的技术,它可用于更好、更省时的生产方式。它在有机反应、无机盐萃取、中间体的分离和纯化、染料、颜料和聚合物化学(特别是涂料工业)的光保护、生物测序和天然产品化学等多个研究领域都显示出其实用性。理想情况下,它是通过单分子对话获得所需的产品(对研究和工业都有好处),在空间排列上有许多竞争效应,几乎没有主要设备在运行。串联催化技术在化学(有机化学/生物化学/聚合物化学等)领域的优势在于利用正向作用,是一种充满活力和有利技术的新方法。
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引用次数: 0
Electrosynthesis of Sugar Derivatives 糖衍生物的电合成
IF 2.3 4区 化学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118756298267514240104101246
Cintia Santiago, Natividad Bejarano Rengel, Pablo Fernández, Agustin Ponzinibbio
: The last decades have witnessed significant advances in the synthesis of bioactive carbohydrates. As in all fields of organic synthesis, the search for more environmentally friendly alternative synthetic methods is a current and expanding concern. Consequently, electrochemical organic synthesis has emerged as an efficient and sustainable methodology. Herein, we present recent developments in the synthesis of glycosides and other carbohydrate derivatives using electrochemical methods. Diverse natural and synthetic O-, S-, and C-glycosides were obtained using new approaches for the electrochemical activation of sugar precursors. The reported derivatives exhibited wide structural diversity on both the sugar moiety and the aglycone, revealing the great potential of the electrochemical methods.
:过去几十年来,生物活性碳水化合物的合成取得了重大进展。与有机合成的所有领域一样,寻找更环保的替代合成方法是当前日益受到关注的问题。因此,电化学有机合成已成为一种高效、可持续的方法。在此,我们将介绍利用电化学方法合成苷类和其他碳水化合物衍生物的最新进展。我们采用新方法对糖前体进行电化学活化,获得了多种天然和合成的 O-、S- 和 C-糖苷。所报道的衍生物在糖分子和苷元上都表现出广泛的结构多样性,揭示了电化学方法的巨大潜力。
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引用次数: 0
A Systematic Review of Electrochemical Sensing Devices Based on Metal-organic Frameworks for the Identification of Tumor Biomarkers 基于金属有机框架的电化学传感设备用于鉴定肿瘤生物标记物的系统综述
IF 2.3 4区 化学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118756298276294231130111658
Aiany Maria Queiroz Felix, Karen Loraine Macena Santos, Severino Alves Júnior, Maria Danielly Lima Oliveira, César Augusto Souza de Andrade
Background:: Electrochemical sensors have attracted enormous interest in recent decades due to their relatively simple synthesis process, the possibility of modifications in their composition, and their wide application in detecting analytes. Method:: To achieve excellent performance, materials used in its construction must facilitate the transfer of electrons and provide a large surface area and excellent electrocatalytic activity. Because they are functional nanomaterials, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) meet the criteria for application as a sensing material and can be used to build high-performance sensors for numerous applications. They play a relevant role in the early diagnosis of various neoplasms and tumor processes, thus providing better prognoses. Considering this universe, the present study focused on evaluating the application of these nanomaterials in the recognition of tumor biomarkers. Result:: A systematic review of scientific publications was performed using the following descriptors "MOFs", "Metal-organic frameworks", "Biosensor", "Electrochemistry", and "Tumor Biomarker". Conclusion:: Herein, we analyze recent innovations of MOF-based biosensors applied to the detection of tumor biomarkers, discussing how promising characteristics and properties of these materials were harnessed in the development of biosensors to provide a new contribution to future studies and the development of applied MOFs to electrochemical biosensing.
背景::近几十年来,电化学传感器因其相对简单的合成过程、可对其成分进行改性以及在检测分析物方面的广泛应用而备受关注。方法:为了实现优异的性能,用于构建传感器的材料必须有利于电子转移,并具有较大的表面积和优异的电催化活性。金属有机框架(MOFs)是一种功能性纳米材料,符合传感材料的应用标准,可用于制造高性能传感器,应用领域广泛。它们在各种肿瘤和肿瘤过程的早期诊断中发挥着重要作用,从而提供更好的预后。有鉴于此,本研究重点评估了这些纳米材料在识别肿瘤生物标记物方面的应用。研究结果使用以下描述符 "MOFs"、"金属有机框架"、"生物传感器"、"电化学 "和 "肿瘤生物标志物 "对科学出版物进行了系统性审查。结论在此,我们分析了最近应用于肿瘤生物标记物检测的基于 MOF 的生物传感器的创新,讨论了如何在生物传感器的开发过程中利用这些材料的有前途的特征和特性,为未来的研究和开发应用 MOF 的电化学生物传感做出新的贡献。
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引用次数: 0
An Attractive and Comprehensive Review on C-O Bond Formation: Nanomagnetic Recoverable Catalysts to Access Diaryl Ethers via C-O Cross-coupling Reactions 关于 C-O 键形成的极具吸引力的全面综述:通过 C-O 交叉偶联反应获得二芳基醚的纳米磁性可回收催化剂
IF 2.3 4区 化学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.2174/0118756298281758231201052421
Marim Alwan, Shaymaa Abed Hussein, Usama S. Altimari, Mustafa Humam Sami, Ashour H. Dawood, Benien M. Ridha, Ali H. Alsalamy, Mosstafa Kazemi
: The simple separation of magnetic nanocatalysts from the reaction mixture using only an external magnet caused a huge revolution in catalysis, particularly in organic synthesis. Diaryl ethers (compounds containing (Ar-O-Ar linkages) are one of the most important and prominent compounds and are widely found in natural products and pharmaceutical and biological molecules. The C-O cross-coupling or O-arylation reactions of aryl halides with aromatic alcohols, especially phenols, is an important and straightforward strategy for the preparation of diaryl ethers. Due to the high importance of diaryl ethers in the pharmaceutical, chemical and medical fields, many efforts have been made for the synthesis of diaryl ethers through C-O cross-coupling aryl halides with aromatic alcohols, especially phenols based on using non-magnetic reusable catalysts. In this review, we carefully reviewed the synthesis of diaryl ethers and discussed the reaction conditions and product yields in each method.
:只需使用外部磁铁就能从反应混合物中简单分离磁性纳米催化剂,这在催化领域,尤其是有机合成领域引发了一场巨大的革命。二芳基醚(含有 Ar-O-Ar 连接的化合物)是最重要和最突出的化合物之一,广泛存在于天然产品、药物和生物分子中。芳基卤化物与芳香醇(尤其是苯酚)的 C-O 交叉偶联或 O 芳基化反应是制备二芳基醚的一种重要而直接的策略。由于二芳基醚在医药、化工和医疗领域的重要性,人们在使用非磁性可重复使用催化剂的基础上,通过芳基卤化物与芳香醇(尤其是苯酚)的 C-O 交叉偶联反应合成二芳基醚方面做出了许多努力。在这篇综述中,我们仔细回顾了二芳基醚的合成方法,并讨论了每种方法的反应条件和产物收率。
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引用次数: 0
Biological Activities of Aurones: A Brief Summary Aurones 的生物活性:简述
IF 2.3 4区 化学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.2174/0118756298277226231128032502
Qiang Zhu, Xing Zheng, Yan Tan, Zhongqin Luo, Xu Yao, Hongfei Chen
: Aurones are structural isomers of flavones and flavonols with the basic C6–C3–C6 skeleton arranged as (Z)-2-benzylidenebenzofuran-3(2H)-one, which contain an exocyclic carbon-carbon double bond bridging the benzofuranone and phenyl rings. In aurone, a chalcone-like group is closed into a 5-membered ring instead of the 6-membered ring more typical of flavonoids, which forms the core for a family of derivatives that are known collectively as aurones. As a kind of flavonoids, aurones are widely distributed in many plants which provide yellow color to some popular ornamental flowers. For a long time aurones had not got enough attention, while in recent years, finally this chemical is coming into researchers' view. As the secondary metabolite in the family of flavonoids, aurones displayed various biological activities, including antioxidant, antiparasitic, antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-SARS-CoV-2 and neuropharmacological activities. Therefore, aurones have attracted the attention of more and more chemists and pharmaceutical chemists, who realized that it is possible to get lead compounds with better activities via structural modifications of aurones. In some research works, aurone and its derivatives have exhibited good activity, e.g., Xie discovered the heterocyclic variant of the (Z)-2-benzylidene-6-hydroxybenzofuran-3(2H)- one scaffold that possessed low nanomolar in vitro potency in cell proliferation assays using various cancer cell lines, in vivo potency in prostate cancer PC-3 xenograft and zebrafish models, and absence of appreciable toxicity, which proved that aurones are valuable compounds worthy of further study. Herein, the biological activities of aurone derivatives are reviewed, which covers the literature since 2000, in which the strategies to develop bioactive aurone derivatives and the structureactivity relationship are highlighted.
:枳酮是黄酮和黄酮醇的结构异构体,其基本的 C6-C3-C6 骨架排列为 (Z)-2-亚苄基苯并呋喃-3(2H)-酮,其中含有一个连接苯并呋喃酮环和苯基环的外环碳碳双键。在醛酮中,类似查耳酮的基团被封闭成一个 5 元环,而不是类黄酮更常见的 6 元环,这就形成了统称为醛酮的衍生物家族的核心。作为黄酮类化合物的一种,枳壳酮广泛分布于许多植物中,为一些常见的观赏花卉提供了黄色。长期以来,枳壳酮一直没有得到足够的重视,而近年来,这种化学物质终于进入了研究人员的视野。作为黄酮类化合物家族中的次级代谢产物,枳壳酮具有多种生物活性,包括抗氧化、抗寄生虫、抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗菌、抗炎、抗 SARS-CoV-2 和神经药理活性。因此,呋喃酮引起了越来越多化学家和药物化学家的关注,他们意识到通过对呋喃酮进行结构改造,有可能获得具有更好活性的先导化合物。在一些研究工作中,醛酮及其衍生物表现出了良好的活性,例如Xie发现了(Z)-2-亚苄基-6-羟基苯并呋喃-3(2H)-1支架的杂环变体,该变体在体外使用多种癌细胞株进行细胞增殖实验时具有低纳摩尔的效力,在体内使用前列腺癌PC-3异种移植和斑马鱼模型时具有效力,并且没有明显的毒性,这证明枳酮是值得进一步研究的有价值的化合物。本文综述了 2000 年以来有关醛酮衍生物生物活性的文献,其中重点介绍了开发具有生物活性的醛酮衍生物的策略和结构-活性关系。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis, Reactions and Biological Activity of Pyrimido [5, 4-c] Quinolines based on (Thio)Barbituric Acid and their Analogous (Part IV) 基于(硫代)巴比妥酸及其类似物的嘧啶并[5,4-c]喹啉的合成、反应和生物活性(第四部分)
IF 2.3 4区 化学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.2174/0118756298276728231130042823
Ameen Abu-Hashem, Taha Ameen, Emad El-Telbani, Hoda A.R. Hussein, Moustafa Gouda
: Pyrimido [5, 4-c] quinolone derivatives are significant synthetic targets that show numerous interesting biological activities. The pyrimido [4, 5-b] quinoline is the most famous source of these derivatives, which has been used in medicine to antitumor and target different diseases. Since the segregation of quinoline derivatives, many synthetic methodologies were advanced for their synthesis. Despite the current interesting findings on this class of pyrimidoquinoline, the chemical literature deficits a comprehensive summary of the synthetic methodologies and biological activities of pyrimido [5, 4-c] quinoline derivatives. This review focuses on recent advances in pyrimido [5, 4-c] quinolines chemistry via debating diverse synthetic ways developed for the preparation of pyrimido [5, 4-c] quinolines and other unique derivatives that exhibited promising biological activities. Also, it sheds light on the most widespread reactions of pyrimidoquinolines and the employment of these derivatives as the essential building blocks for different biologically active compounds:. Among these reactions used to prepare pyrimido [5, 4-c] quinoline derivatives are the following: Biginelli-type one or three-component reaction, Micheal addition, intermolecular cyclization, cyclo-condensation, acylation, Vielsmeir formylation, Suzuki cross-coupling reaction, transformation, oxidation-reduction, esterification, dehydration, decarboxylation, methylation, chlorination, alkylation.
:嘧啶并[5,4-c]喹啉酮衍生物是重要的合成靶标,具有多种有趣的生物活性。嘧啶并[4,5-b]喹啉是这些衍生物最著名的来源,已被用于抗肿瘤和治疗不同疾病。自喹啉衍生物分离以来,许多合成方法都得到了发展。尽管目前关于这类嘧啶喹啉的研究结果令人感兴趣,但化学文献中缺乏对嘧啶并[5, 4-c] 喹啉衍生物的合成方法和生物活性的全面总结。本综述通过讨论制备嘧啶并[5,4-c]喹啉及其他具有良好生物活性的独特衍生物的各种合成方法,重点介绍了嘧啶并[5,4-c]喹啉化学的最新进展。此外,它还揭示了嘧啶类喹啉最常见的反应,以及将这些衍生物用作不同生物活性化合物的基本构件:。用于制备嘧啶并[5,4-c]喹啉衍生物的反应有以下几种:Biginelli 型单组分或三组分反应、Micheal 加成、分子间环化、环缩合、酰化、Vielsmeir 甲酰化、Suzuki 交叉偶联反应、转化、氧化还原、酯化、脱水、脱羧、甲基化、氯化、烷基化。
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引用次数: 0
A Review on the Role of Sea Salt in Food and its Applications for Human Health 海盐在食品中的作用及其对人类健康的应用综述
IF 2.3 4区 化学 Q2 Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.2174/0118756298273343231128062213
Thi-Kien Dao, Trong-The Nguyen, Ngoc-Thanh Vu
: Sea salt is a widely used ingredient in culinary practices around the world. Beyond its flavor-enhancing properties, sea salt has been recognized for its potential health benefits. This review aimed to explore the role of sea salt in food and its applications for promoting human health. We have discussed the composition and production of sea salt, its culinary uses, and its impact on various aspects of human health, including cardiovascular health, electrolyte balance, and digestion. Additionally, we have examined the potential risks associated with excessive sea salt consumption and highlight the importance of moderation in its usage. Overall, this review provides insights into the multifaceted role of sea salt, emphasizing its potential positive effects on human health when consumed in appropriate amounts. Ultimately, the review serves as a valuable resource for individuals seeking a comprehensive understanding of the role of sea salt in promoting human health.
:海盐是世界各地烹饪中广泛使用的配料。除了增强风味的特性外,海盐还被认为具有潜在的健康益处。本综述旨在探讨海盐在食品中的作用及其在促进人类健康方面的应用。我们讨论了海盐的成分和生产、烹饪用途及其对人类健康各方面的影响,包括心血管健康、电解质平衡和消化。此外,我们还研究了过量食用海盐的潜在风险,并强调了适量使用海盐的重要性。总之,本综述深入探讨了海盐的多方面作用,强调了适量食用海盐对人体健康的潜在积极影响。最终,这篇综述可作为个人寻求全面了解海盐在促进人类健康方面作用的宝贵资源。
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引用次数: 0
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Mini-reviews in Organic Chemistry
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