Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01529-5
Xiyuan Lu, Lin Chang, Minh A. Tran, Tin Komljenovic, John E. Bowers, Kartik Srinivasan
Applications in timekeeping, quantum sensing and quantum computing have sparked growing demand for high-performance photonic integrated circuit (PIC) lasers at visible and short near-infrared wavelengths between 400 nm and 1,000 nm. This Review summarizes the application needs and recent advances in such PIC lasers, focusing on low-noise, continuous-wave operation needed for many quantum technologies. We discuss the building blocks for these laser systems, including the heterogeneous and hybrid integration of gain media, low-loss PICs, external-cavity and self-injection locking schemes, and nonlinear wavelength conversion through optical harmonic generation and optical parametric oscillation processes. We review demonstrations utilizing various combinations of these elements. Finally, we consider current PIC laser performance in the context of a few example quantum technologies that require lasers at multiple wavelengths. This Review provides an overview on high-performance photonic integrated circuit lasers at visible and short near-infrared wavelengths between 400 nm and 1,000 nm, focusing on low-noise, continuous-wave operation needed for many quantum technologies.
{"title":"Emerging integrated laser technologies in the visible and short near-infrared regimes","authors":"Xiyuan Lu, Lin Chang, Minh A. Tran, Tin Komljenovic, John E. Bowers, Kartik Srinivasan","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01529-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01529-5","url":null,"abstract":"Applications in timekeeping, quantum sensing and quantum computing have sparked growing demand for high-performance photonic integrated circuit (PIC) lasers at visible and short near-infrared wavelengths between 400 nm and 1,000 nm. This Review summarizes the application needs and recent advances in such PIC lasers, focusing on low-noise, continuous-wave operation needed for many quantum technologies. We discuss the building blocks for these laser systems, including the heterogeneous and hybrid integration of gain media, low-loss PICs, external-cavity and self-injection locking schemes, and nonlinear wavelength conversion through optical harmonic generation and optical parametric oscillation processes. We review demonstrations utilizing various combinations of these elements. Finally, we consider current PIC laser performance in the context of a few example quantum technologies that require lasers at multiple wavelengths. This Review provides an overview on high-performance photonic integrated circuit lasers at visible and short near-infrared wavelengths between 400 nm and 1,000 nm, focusing on low-noise, continuous-wave operation needed for many quantum technologies.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 10","pages":"1010-1023"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01512-0
Tommaso Venanzi, Marzia Cuccu, Raul Perea-Causin, Xiaoxiao Sun, Samuel Brem, Daniel Erkensten, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Ermin Malic, Manfred Helm, Stephan Winnerl, Alexey Chernikov
External control of optical excitations is key for manipulating light–matter coupling and is highly desirable for photonic technologies. Excitons in monolayer semiconductors emerged as a unique nanoscale platform in this context, offering strong light–matter coupling, spin–valley locking and exceptional tunability. Crucially, they allow electrical switching of their optical response due to efficient interactions of excitonic emitters with free charge carriers, forming new quasiparticles known as trions and Fermi polarons. However, there are major limitations to how fast the light emission of these states can be tuned, restricting the majority of applications to an essentially static regime. Here we demonstrate switching of excitonic light emitters in monolayer semiconductors on ultrafast picosecond time scales by applying short pulses in the terahertz spectral range following optical injection. The process is based on a rapid conversion of trions to excitons by absorption of terahertz photons inducing photodetachment. Monitoring time-resolved emission dynamics in optical-pump/terahertz-push experiments, we achieve the required resonance conditions as well as demonstrate tunability of the process with delay time and terahertz pulse power. Our results introduce a versatile experimental tool for fundamental research of light-emitting excitations of composite Bose–Fermi mixtures and open up pathways towards technological developments of new types of nanophotonic device based on atomically thin materials. Using short pulses in the terahertz spectral range following optical injection, ultrafast excitation of trions to excitons and free carriers in monolayer MoSe2 can be realized within picoseconds, advancing nanoscale optoelectronics devices.
{"title":"Ultrafast switching of trions in 2D materials by terahertz photons","authors":"Tommaso Venanzi, Marzia Cuccu, Raul Perea-Causin, Xiaoxiao Sun, Samuel Brem, Daniel Erkensten, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Ermin Malic, Manfred Helm, Stephan Winnerl, Alexey Chernikov","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01512-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01512-0","url":null,"abstract":"External control of optical excitations is key for manipulating light–matter coupling and is highly desirable for photonic technologies. Excitons in monolayer semiconductors emerged as a unique nanoscale platform in this context, offering strong light–matter coupling, spin–valley locking and exceptional tunability. Crucially, they allow electrical switching of their optical response due to efficient interactions of excitonic emitters with free charge carriers, forming new quasiparticles known as trions and Fermi polarons. However, there are major limitations to how fast the light emission of these states can be tuned, restricting the majority of applications to an essentially static regime. Here we demonstrate switching of excitonic light emitters in monolayer semiconductors on ultrafast picosecond time scales by applying short pulses in the terahertz spectral range following optical injection. The process is based on a rapid conversion of trions to excitons by absorption of terahertz photons inducing photodetachment. Monitoring time-resolved emission dynamics in optical-pump/terahertz-push experiments, we achieve the required resonance conditions as well as demonstrate tunability of the process with delay time and terahertz pulse power. Our results introduce a versatile experimental tool for fundamental research of light-emitting excitations of composite Bose–Fermi mixtures and open up pathways towards technological developments of new types of nanophotonic device based on atomically thin materials. Using short pulses in the terahertz spectral range following optical injection, ultrafast excitation of trions to excitons and free carriers in monolayer MoSe2 can be realized within picoseconds, advancing nanoscale optoelectronics devices.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 12","pages":"1344-1349"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01531-x
Xi Wang, Jia Li, Renjun Guo, Xinxing Yin, Ran Luo, Dengyang Guo, Kangyu Ji, Linjie Dai, Haoming Liang, Xiangkun Jia, Jinxi Chen, Zhenrong Jia, Zhuojie Shi, Shunchang Liu, Yuduan Wang, Qilin Zhou, Tao Wang, Guangjiu Pan, Peter Müller-Buschbaum, Samuel D. Stranks, Yi Hou
Heterogeneity in transporting interfaces and perovskites poses a substantial challenge in improving the efficiency of perovskite solar cells from small to large scales, a key barrier to their commercial use. Here we find that the amorphous phases of self-assembling molecules (SAMs) can realize a more homogeneous perovskite growth. Hyperspectral analysis confirms a narrower and blueshifted photoluminescence peak distribution in perovskite/amorphous SAMs. Additionally, fluence-dependent time-resolved photoluminescence reveals a reduced trap-assisted recombination rate of 0.5 × 106 s−1 in amorphous-SAM-based perovskite films. This improvement translates to p–i–n structured perovskite solar cells achieving an efficiency of 25.20% (certified at 24.35%) over a one-square-centimetre area. These cells maintain nearly 100% efficiency after 600 h of 1-sun maximum power point tracking under the ISOS-L-1 protocol, and retain 90% of their initial efficiency after 1,000 h, as evaluated by the ISOS-T-2 protocol. Amorphous phases of self-assembling molecules employed as a hole-transporting layer in inverted perovskite solar cells contribute to homogeneous perovskite film growth, resulting in a power conversion efficiency of 25.20% (certified 24.35%) for one-square-centimetre area cells.
{"title":"Regulating phase homogeneity by self-assembled molecules for enhanced efficiency and stability of inverted perovskite solar cells","authors":"Xi Wang, Jia Li, Renjun Guo, Xinxing Yin, Ran Luo, Dengyang Guo, Kangyu Ji, Linjie Dai, Haoming Liang, Xiangkun Jia, Jinxi Chen, Zhenrong Jia, Zhuojie Shi, Shunchang Liu, Yuduan Wang, Qilin Zhou, Tao Wang, Guangjiu Pan, Peter Müller-Buschbaum, Samuel D. Stranks, Yi Hou","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01531-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01531-x","url":null,"abstract":"Heterogeneity in transporting interfaces and perovskites poses a substantial challenge in improving the efficiency of perovskite solar cells from small to large scales, a key barrier to their commercial use. Here we find that the amorphous phases of self-assembling molecules (SAMs) can realize a more homogeneous perovskite growth. Hyperspectral analysis confirms a narrower and blueshifted photoluminescence peak distribution in perovskite/amorphous SAMs. Additionally, fluence-dependent time-resolved photoluminescence reveals a reduced trap-assisted recombination rate of 0.5 × 106 s−1 in amorphous-SAM-based perovskite films. This improvement translates to p–i–n structured perovskite solar cells achieving an efficiency of 25.20% (certified at 24.35%) over a one-square-centimetre area. These cells maintain nearly 100% efficiency after 600 h of 1-sun maximum power point tracking under the ISOS-L-1 protocol, and retain 90% of their initial efficiency after 1,000 h, as evaluated by the ISOS-T-2 protocol. Amorphous phases of self-assembling molecules employed as a hole-transporting layer in inverted perovskite solar cells contribute to homogeneous perovskite film growth, resulting in a power conversion efficiency of 25.20% (certified 24.35%) for one-square-centimetre area cells.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 12","pages":"1269-1275"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142236187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-16DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01524-w
Ohad Lib, Yaron Bromberg
Quantum computers can revolutionize science and technology, but their realization remains challenging across all platforms. A promising route to scalability is photonic-measurement-based quantum computation, where single-qubit measurements on large cluster states, together with feedforward steps, enable fault-tolerant quantum computation; however, generating large cluster states at high rates is notoriously difficult as detection probabilities drop exponentially with the number of photons comprising the state. We tackle this challenge by encoding multiple qubits on each photon through high-dimensional spatial encoding, generating cluster states with over nine qubits at a rate of 100 Hz. We also demonstrate that high-dimensional encoding substantially reduces the computation duration by enabling instantaneous feedforward between qubits encoded in the same photon. Our findings pave the way for resource-efficient measurement-based quantum computation using high-dimensional entanglement. By entangling multiple qudits within the Hilbert space of each photon, cluster states with up to 9.28 qubits are generated at a rate of 100 Hz. The high-dimensional encoding substantially reduces the computation duration compared to the standard two-dimensional encoding.
{"title":"Resource-efficient photonic quantum computation with high-dimensional cluster states","authors":"Ohad Lib, Yaron Bromberg","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01524-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01524-w","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum computers can revolutionize science and technology, but their realization remains challenging across all platforms. A promising route to scalability is photonic-measurement-based quantum computation, where single-qubit measurements on large cluster states, together with feedforward steps, enable fault-tolerant quantum computation; however, generating large cluster states at high rates is notoriously difficult as detection probabilities drop exponentially with the number of photons comprising the state. We tackle this challenge by encoding multiple qubits on each photon through high-dimensional spatial encoding, generating cluster states with over nine qubits at a rate of 100 Hz. We also demonstrate that high-dimensional encoding substantially reduces the computation duration by enabling instantaneous feedforward between qubits encoded in the same photon. Our findings pave the way for resource-efficient measurement-based quantum computation using high-dimensional entanglement. By entangling multiple qudits within the Hilbert space of each photon, cluster states with up to 9.28 qubits are generated at a rate of 100 Hz. The high-dimensional encoding substantially reduces the computation duration compared to the standard two-dimensional encoding.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 11","pages":"1218-1224"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142234510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-13DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01513-z
Brendan M. Heffernan, James Greenberg, Takashi Hori, Tatsuya Tanigawa, Antoine Rolland
The terahertz (THz) frequency range, spanning from 0.1 to 10.0 THz, is a field ripe for innovation with vast, developing potential in areas like wireless communication and molecular spectroscopy. Our work introduces a dual-wavelength laser design that utilizes stimulated Brillouin scattering in an optical fibre cavity to effectively generate two highly coherent optical Stokes waves with inherently mitigated differential phase noise. To guarantee robust operation, the Stokes waves are optically injected into their respective pump lasers, which also serves to greatly improve the resulting coherence. The frequency difference between the two wavelengths is converted into THz waves through a uni-travelling-carrier photodiode. This innovative design facilitates the generation of THz waves with phase noise levels of less than –100 dBc Hz–1, translating to timing noise below 10 as Hz–1/2 at 10 kHz Fourier frequency, over a carrier frequency range from 300 GHz to 3 THz. This development in phase noise reduction establishes a new benchmark in the spectral purity of tunable THz sources. Such advances are pivotal for applications to move beyond oscillator constraints. A Brillouin laser-driven terahertz oscillator is developed. The phase noise level of the generated terahertz waves is less than –100 dBc Hz–1, translating to timing noise below 10 as Hz–1/2 at 10 kHz Fourier frequency, over a carrier frequency range from 300 GHz to 3 THz.
{"title":"Brillouin laser-driven terahertz oscillator up to 3 THz with femtosecond-level timing jitter","authors":"Brendan M. Heffernan, James Greenberg, Takashi Hori, Tatsuya Tanigawa, Antoine Rolland","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01513-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01513-z","url":null,"abstract":"The terahertz (THz) frequency range, spanning from 0.1 to 10.0 THz, is a field ripe for innovation with vast, developing potential in areas like wireless communication and molecular spectroscopy. Our work introduces a dual-wavelength laser design that utilizes stimulated Brillouin scattering in an optical fibre cavity to effectively generate two highly coherent optical Stokes waves with inherently mitigated differential phase noise. To guarantee robust operation, the Stokes waves are optically injected into their respective pump lasers, which also serves to greatly improve the resulting coherence. The frequency difference between the two wavelengths is converted into THz waves through a uni-travelling-carrier photodiode. This innovative design facilitates the generation of THz waves with phase noise levels of less than –100 dBc Hz–1, translating to timing noise below 10 as Hz–1/2 at 10 kHz Fourier frequency, over a carrier frequency range from 300 GHz to 3 THz. This development in phase noise reduction establishes a new benchmark in the spectral purity of tunable THz sources. Such advances are pivotal for applications to move beyond oscillator constraints. A Brillouin laser-driven terahertz oscillator is developed. The phase noise level of the generated terahertz waves is less than –100 dBc Hz–1, translating to timing noise below 10 as Hz–1/2 at 10 kHz Fourier frequency, over a carrier frequency range from 300 GHz to 3 THz.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 12","pages":"1263-1268"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-13DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01520-0
Raju Lampande, Jon-Paul S. DesOrmeaux, Adrian Pizano, Jonathon R. Schrecengost, Robert Cawthorn, Hunter Bowman, Alex Grede, Urcan Guler, John W. Hamer, Noel C. Giebink
Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are among the most successful organic electronic devices so far. They currently dominate the mobile display market and are expanding into a broad range of lighting, automotive and wearable device applications. Here we introduce a new class of organic light-emitting device that exhibits bistability owing to positive photonic feedback between an organic photodiode and a tandem OLED integrated in the same layer stack. These unusual devices display giant hysteresis in both their current and light emission, and respond sensitively to low-level external illumination, enabling optoelectronic upconversion with 100-fold photon-to-photon gain. Given their compatibility with existing OLED materials and manufacturing lines, these devices could find near-term use in new types of display and upconversion imaging applications, as well as offer a new platform for neuromorphic optoelectronics and image recognition. Integrating an organic photodiode with a tandem OLED enables positive photonic feedback that results in bistable behaviour. Devices show giant hysteresis in their current–voltage–luminance characteristic and upconversion of near-infrared to visible light with 100-fold photon-to-photon gain.
{"title":"Positive-feedback organic light-emitting diodes and upconverters","authors":"Raju Lampande, Jon-Paul S. DesOrmeaux, Adrian Pizano, Jonathon R. Schrecengost, Robert Cawthorn, Hunter Bowman, Alex Grede, Urcan Guler, John W. Hamer, Noel C. Giebink","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01520-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01520-0","url":null,"abstract":"Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are among the most successful organic electronic devices so far. They currently dominate the mobile display market and are expanding into a broad range of lighting, automotive and wearable device applications. Here we introduce a new class of organic light-emitting device that exhibits bistability owing to positive photonic feedback between an organic photodiode and a tandem OLED integrated in the same layer stack. These unusual devices display giant hysteresis in both their current and light emission, and respond sensitively to low-level external illumination, enabling optoelectronic upconversion with 100-fold photon-to-photon gain. Given their compatibility with existing OLED materials and manufacturing lines, these devices could find near-term use in new types of display and upconversion imaging applications, as well as offer a new platform for neuromorphic optoelectronics and image recognition. Integrating an organic photodiode with a tandem OLED enables positive photonic feedback that results in bistable behaviour. Devices show giant hysteresis in their current–voltage–luminance characteristic and upconversion of near-infrared to visible light with 100-fold photon-to-photon gain.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 12","pages":"1299-1304"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-13DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01517-9
Jiang Ming, Ying Chen, Han Miao, Yong Fan, Shangfeng Wang, Zihan Chen, Zhenhao Guo, Zhixiu Guo, Luyin Qi, Xusheng Wang, Baofeng Yun, Peng Pei, Haisheng He, Hongxin Zhang, Yun Tang, Dongyuan Zhao, Gary Ka-Leung Wong, Jean-Claude G. Bünzli, Fan Zhang
The demand for near-infrared (700–1,700 nm) materials in optical communications, laser sources and biological imaging applications has led to extensive research on lanthanide-doped nanoparticles, owing to their nanostructure modulation and interface property tunability. However, the low molar extinction coefficient of conventional lanthanide sensitizers limits the brightness of lanthanide near-infrared nanoparticles for applications in low-power excitation scenarios. Here we introduce Na3CrF6, a new crystalline nanoparticle that serves as both sensitizer and host for high-brightness near-infrared emission from lanthanide activators (Er3+, Tm3+, Yb3+ or Nd3+). We demonstrate an increase in brightness of up to 370 times compared with the most intense conventional lanthanide-sensitized nanoparticles. This discovery is also validated for other lanthanide-doped nanoparticles sensitized with low-cost transition metals (Mn2+ or Ni2+). Our transition metal-based nanoparticles represent a powerful toolbox to enable high signal-to-noise-ratio labelling and imaging with low-power excitation sources such as white light-emitting diode or persistent luminescence materials. This work paves the way for next-generation high-brightness near-infrared luminescence systems, suited for a wide range of low-illumination excitation applications. Cr3+-sensitized lanthanide-doped nanoparticles afford high-brightness luminescence in the near-infrared region for applications in in vivo non-invasive bioimaging.
{"title":"High-brightness transition metal-sensitized lanthanide near-infrared luminescent nanoparticles","authors":"Jiang Ming, Ying Chen, Han Miao, Yong Fan, Shangfeng Wang, Zihan Chen, Zhenhao Guo, Zhixiu Guo, Luyin Qi, Xusheng Wang, Baofeng Yun, Peng Pei, Haisheng He, Hongxin Zhang, Yun Tang, Dongyuan Zhao, Gary Ka-Leung Wong, Jean-Claude G. Bünzli, Fan Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01517-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01517-9","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for near-infrared (700–1,700 nm) materials in optical communications, laser sources and biological imaging applications has led to extensive research on lanthanide-doped nanoparticles, owing to their nanostructure modulation and interface property tunability. However, the low molar extinction coefficient of conventional lanthanide sensitizers limits the brightness of lanthanide near-infrared nanoparticles for applications in low-power excitation scenarios. Here we introduce Na3CrF6, a new crystalline nanoparticle that serves as both sensitizer and host for high-brightness near-infrared emission from lanthanide activators (Er3+, Tm3+, Yb3+ or Nd3+). We demonstrate an increase in brightness of up to 370 times compared with the most intense conventional lanthanide-sensitized nanoparticles. This discovery is also validated for other lanthanide-doped nanoparticles sensitized with low-cost transition metals (Mn2+ or Ni2+). Our transition metal-based nanoparticles represent a powerful toolbox to enable high signal-to-noise-ratio labelling and imaging with low-power excitation sources such as white light-emitting diode or persistent luminescence materials. This work paves the way for next-generation high-brightness near-infrared luminescence systems, suited for a wide range of low-illumination excitation applications. Cr3+-sensitized lanthanide-doped nanoparticles afford high-brightness luminescence in the near-infrared region for applications in in vivo non-invasive bioimaging.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 12","pages":"1254-1262"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) provides broadband, high-resolution, high-sensitivity amplitude and phase spectra within a short measurement time, thus holding promises for atmospheric spectroscopy. However, previous research has been limited to measuring over open-air paths of about 20 km. Here, by developing a bistatic set-up using time–frequency dissemination and high-power optical frequency combs, we implement DCS over a 113 km turbulent horizontal open-air path. We successfully measure the absorbance spectra of CO2 and H2O with a 7 nm spectral bandwidth and a 10 kHz frequency accuracy, and achieve a sensing precision of <2 ppm in 5 min and <0.6 ppm in 36 min for CO2. We anticipate our system to find immediate applications in the monitoring of urban greenhouse gas and gaseous pollutants emission. Our technology may also be extended to satellite-based DCS for greenhouse gas monitoring and calibration measurements. Dual-comb spectroscopy with time–frequency dissemination and high-power frequency combs enables sensing CO2 and H2O over a 113 km turbulent open-air path, with a sensing precision as high as 2 parts per million of CO2.
{"title":"Dual-comb spectroscopy over a 100 km open-air path","authors":"Jin-Jian Han, Wei Zhong, Ruo-Can Zhao, Ting Zeng, Min Li, Jian Lu, Xin-Xin Peng, Xi-Ping Shi, Qin Yin, Yong Wang, Ali Esamdin, Qi Shen, Jian-Yu Guan, Lei Hou, Ji-Gang Ren, Jian-Jun Jia, Yu Wang, Hai-Feng Jiang, Xiang-Hui Xue, Qiang Zhang, Xian-Kang Dou, Jian-Wei Pan","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01525-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01525-9","url":null,"abstract":"Dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) provides broadband, high-resolution, high-sensitivity amplitude and phase spectra within a short measurement time, thus holding promises for atmospheric spectroscopy. However, previous research has been limited to measuring over open-air paths of about 20 km. Here, by developing a bistatic set-up using time–frequency dissemination and high-power optical frequency combs, we implement DCS over a 113 km turbulent horizontal open-air path. We successfully measure the absorbance spectra of CO2 and H2O with a 7 nm spectral bandwidth and a 10 kHz frequency accuracy, and achieve a sensing precision of <2 ppm in 5 min and <0.6 ppm in 36 min for CO2. We anticipate our system to find immediate applications in the monitoring of urban greenhouse gas and gaseous pollutants emission. Our technology may also be extended to satellite-based DCS for greenhouse gas monitoring and calibration measurements. Dual-comb spectroscopy with time–frequency dissemination and high-power frequency combs enables sensing CO2 and H2O over a 113 km turbulent open-air path, with a sensing precision as high as 2 parts per million of CO2.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 11","pages":"1195-1202"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142170783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-04DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01523-x
Rachel Won
The field of plasmonics continues to show its potential scientific and technological impact, as new companies exploiting plasmonics beyond sensing applications emerge.
{"title":"Plasmonics commercialized?","authors":"Rachel Won","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01523-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01523-x","url":null,"abstract":"The field of plasmonics continues to show its potential scientific and technological impact, as new companies exploiting plasmonics beyond sensing applications emerge.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 9","pages":"895-897"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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