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Immune Response in Skin Lesion of Dermatophytosis 皮肤真菌病皮肤病变的免疫应答
Pub Date : 1997-02-28 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.29
T. Koga
白癬病巣における免疫応答についてサイトカインレベルで,とくに遅延型過敏反応(DTH)に深く関与するIFN-γ産生について検討した結果,中心治癒傾向のある辺縁隆起性環状紅斑,小水疱などの炎症症状を伴う白癬患者末梢血単核球は白癬菌抗原(トリコフィチン)刺激によりIFN-γを産生した.一方,中心治癒傾向のない落屑性紅斑,角質増殖など比較的炎症症状の乏しい慢性の経過をたどる白癬患者末梢血単核球のIFN-γ産生は低下していた.このことより,前者の臨床像は主としてDTHによる菌の排除機構が働いている像であり,また後者の臨床像は主として表皮角化亢進に伴う落屑による菌の排除機構が働いている像と考えられた.また培養表皮角化細胞はトリコフィチン刺激によりIL-8の産生を増強し,このことが白癬にみられる角層下膿疱の形成に関与している可能性が考えられた.このように白癬の臨床像形成および感染防御には,白癬菌抗原に対するDTHと白癬菌抗原による表皮角化細胞の刺激にもとづく刺激性皮膚炎が,重要な役割を担っていることが示唆された.
针对癣病灶的免疫应答,在细胞因子水平上,特别是对与延迟型超敏反应(DTH)密切相关的IFN-γ的产生进行了研究,结果显示,白伴有边缘隆起性环状红斑、小水疱等炎症症状。银屑病患者外周血单核球在癣菌抗原(tricofitin)的刺激下产生了IFN-γ。另一方面,没有中心治愈倾向的落屑性红斑,角质增生等比较缺乏炎症症状的慢性癣患者末梢血单核球IFN-γ的产生降低。由此,前者的临床表现主要是DTH的细菌排除机制后一种临床表现主要被认为是表皮角化亢进引起的落屑排除菌的机制在起作用。另外,培养表皮角化细胞通过鸡皮素刺激增强IL-8的产生,这就是癣对白癣菌抗原的DTH和白癣菌抗原对表皮角化细胞的刺激引起的刺激性皮炎,对白癣菌的临床症状形成和感染防御起着重要作用。暗示了承担着分成。
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引用次数: 1
Taxonomical Outline of Dermatophytes in the Ascomycetes 子囊菌中皮菌的分类大纲
Pub Date : 1997-02-28 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.1
S. Udagawa
不整子嚢菌類ホネタケ目はAspergillus,Penicilliumのテレオモルフであるユーロチウム目と多くの点で対比される菌群である.本目には多数の皮膚糸状菌が含まれ,長らく医学的に関心が寄せられてきた.ホネタケ目には次の4科がある.アルスロデルマ科は子嚢果壁の特徴,子嚢胞子の形態,Chrysosporium, Microsporum, Trichophytonに属するアレウロ型分生子の形成などに基づく均質な菌群である.ギムノアスクス科は明色,菌糸のゆるい網目構造からなる子嚢果を形成し,円盤形,やや不規則な壁の子嚢胞子を内生する.ケラチン分解性とセルロース分解性の菌があり,分節分生子を形成する種がある.ミクソトリクム科は暗色の子嚢果で,しばしば樹枝状の付属物を形成する.子嚢果壁は厚壁の菌糸が網目状になり,子嚢胞子は紡錘形,通常縦に筋がある.Malbranchea,Oidiodendron属の分節型分生子がみられ,セルロース分解性を示す.ホネタケ科の属は非常に多様性であり,とくに子嚢果壁に変化がみられる.Aphanoascus,Arachnomycesは膜質の閉子嚢殻を形成する.Amauroascus,Nannizziopsisは単純な菌糸の網目構造である.一方,Onygenaの子嚢果は柄があって,その先端部で菌糸が広がり球形の頭部になる高度に特殊化された形態となる.本科は通常凹点のある子嚢胞子とケラチン分解性を特徴としている.
不整子囊菌类骨竹目的菌群与Aspergillus,Penicillium的远端体的欧氏目有很多方面的对比。本目中含有多种皮肤丝状菌,长期以来在医学上引起了人们的关注。骨竹目中有以下4科:子囊果壁的特征,子囊孢子的形态,Chrysosporium,microsporum,属于Trichophyton的一种均质菌群,基于形成aroroo型分生孢子等。金缕子科的菌丝呈明黄色,形成由松散的网状结构构成的子囊果,内生圆盘形,稍微不规则的壁子囊孢子。有陈分解性和纤维素分解性的菌,有形成分节分生子的种。黑腹菌科为暗色子囊果,常形成树枝状附属物。孩子嚢果壁厚壁的菌丝,总状囊肿孩子得溜圆,通常纵向筋。malbranchea, oidiodendron属被型分有妻,纤维素分解性。ホネタケ科的属是非常多样性,和くに子嚢果墙上变化。aphanoascus, arachnomyces膜质的闭子形成嚢壳。amauroascus, nannizziopsis是单纯的菌丝妇女部结构。另一方面,Onygena的子囊果有柄,菌丝在其前端扩散,形成球形头部的高度特殊化形态。本科的特征是通常有凹点的子囊孢子和角蛋白分解性。
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引用次数: 3
Geographical Distribution of Species on Etiologic Fungi of Dermatophytosis in Northeast China 东北地区皮肤病病原真菌种类的地理分布
Pub Date : 1997-02-28 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.9
G. You, Jing Wang, Bing-mei Liu, Song Yu, Lie Ma, De-yuang You, Xue-zhu Jin, Y. Bai
A survey of dermatophytes isolated from patients was made from 1980 to 1996 in Northeast China. We analyzed 2031 strains of dermatophytes, which are positive in culture in 3 provinces (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning): 742 strains were obtained from the China-Japan Friendship Hospital of Heilongjiang (1980-1993), 846 strains from the 2nd Hospital of Bethuene Medical University (1986-1989), and 443 strains from the People's Hospital of Liaoning Province (1989-1996).The result of the survey indicated that the main etiologic fungus of dermatophytosis in Northeast China was T. rubrum 1163 strains (57.26%), T. mentagrophytes 402 (19.79%), M. canis 296 (14.57%), E. floccosum 100 (4.92%), T. verrucosum 28 (1.38%), M. ferrugineum 10 (0.49%), M. gypseum 10 (0.49%), T. schoenleinii 4 (0.20%), T. tonsurans 3 (0.15%), and the root 15 strains were Candida albicans (4) Aspergillus (7), Penicillum (2) and Alternaria (2).The first 3 species are basically the same as those in Beijing, Tianjing, and Taiyuan. M. canis is rarely seen in Huanan, Huazhong, and Qinghai. However, T. verrucosum is notably influenced by geographical factors. Kerion celsi and sycosis trichophytica are caused by T. verrucosum (43.75%) in Heilongjiang. T. verrucosum is hardy and can live in cold areas. It once exploded simultaneously in human and animals in Hellongjiang, Xinjiang, and NingXia China.
对1980 ~ 1996年东北地区患者皮肤分离真菌进行了调查。对3省(黑龙江、吉林、辽宁)培养阳性的2031株皮癣菌进行分析,其中:1980-1993年黑龙江中日友好医院检出742株,1986-1989年白求恩医科大学第二医院检出846株,1989-1996年辽宁省人民医院检出443株。调查结果显示,东北地区皮肤真菌的主要病原真菌为:红毛霉1163株(占57.26%)、植毛霉402株(占19.79%)、狗毛霉296株(占14.57%)、絮状菌100株(占4.92%)、疣状霉28株(占1.38%)、铁毛霉10株(占0.49%)、石膏毛霉10株(占0.49%)、schoenleinii 4株(占0.20%)、T. tonsurans 3株(占0.15%),根系真菌15株为白色念珠菌(占4)、曲霉(占7)、真菌(占7)。青霉菌(2)和交替菌(2)。前3种与北京、天津、太原基本相同。犬支原体在华南、华中、青海少见。然而,疣子受地理因素的影响显著。黑龙江省疣状螺旋体病和毛癣病主要由疣状螺旋体引起(43.75%)。疣状棘球蚴耐寒,能在寒冷地区生存。它曾在中国黑龙江、新疆和宁夏的人和动物身上同时爆发。
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引用次数: 1
A Case of Familial Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis 家族性慢性皮肤粘膜念珠菌病1例
Pub Date : 1997-02-28 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.47
A. Kuwano, A. Shôji
慢性皮膚粘膜カンジダ症(CMCC)の1例を報告した.症例は9歳,女子.5歳時より爪甲の変形,混濁および口角炎を認めた.1年前より前頭部に疣状結痂状皮疹が出現,次第に増悪した.前頭部より採取した生検組織のPAS染色にて菌要素を確認,また爪甲,口角部,頭部の真菌培養でクリーム状コロニーを得,血清学的にCandida ablicans serotype Aと同定した.カンジダに対する末梢リンパ球幼若化反応は低下,遅延型皮膚反応は陽性であった.内分泌学的には高感度PTHの低下の他は特に異常を認めなかった.フルコナゾール100mg/日の投与により好成績を得た.母親は過去に甲状腺機能低下を伴うCMCCと診断されており,また弟にもカンジダ性口角炎を認めており家族性慢性皮膚粘膜カンジダ症と考えられた.
报告1例慢性皮肤粘膜念珠菌症(CMCC)病例,9岁,女子。5岁时指甲甲变形、混浊及口角炎。1年前头部出现疣状结痂状疹,逐渐加重。从头部提取的活检组织的PAS染色确认了菌要素,另外,通过指甲甲、口角部、头部的真菌培养得到奶油状菌落,血清学Candida ablicans serotype鉴定为A。对念珠菌的末梢淋巴细胞幼化反应低下,延迟型皮肤反应为阳性。从内分泌学上看,除高灵敏度PTH下降外,未发现其他异常。服用氟康唑100mg/日,取得了良好的效果。母亲过去曾被诊断为CMCC伴有甲状腺功能低下,弟弟也有念珠菌性口角炎,被认为是家族性慢性皮肤粘膜念珠菌症。
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引用次数: 0
A Case of Systemic Fusarium solani Infection Complicating Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia 急性淋巴细胞白血病并发系统性茄镰刀菌感染1例
Pub Date : 1997-02-28 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.81
Kazuhiro Endo, T. Kashimura, Katsuhiko Yoshida, A. Handa, T. Sakata, Katsuro Ito, M. Fukuda, I. Jinnai, I. Murohashi, M. Bessho, M. Saito, K. Hirashima, Y. Inoue
症例は,19歳男性,1992年9月急性リンパ性白血病(FAB分類ALL L2)と診断しJapan Adult Leukemia study Group (JAL-SG)プロトコールにて治療し完全寛解に到った後,1994年8月,再発しprednisolone, vincristineによる寛解導入療法を行った.その後,cytarabine,l-asparaginaseにて治療し長期間,骨髄抑制が起こり,発熱と潰瘍底を形成し中心部が壊死に陥った皮疹が全身に認められるようになった.皮膚生検を行い,培養の結果Fusarium solaniを検出した.そのため,granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) 350μgを連日静注し,amphotericin B (AMPH)を点滴静注し1mgから開始し40mgまで増量した.しかし,原疾患の悪化に伴いPseudomonas aeruginosaによる敗血症を併発し死亡した.剖検では全身各種臓器にもFusariumによる播種性病変が認められた.とくに肺,消化管,腎,心,膵,筋肉に多発性病変を,また腎は一部梗塞を伴う病変を認めた.今後,免疫不全患者の増加によりこのような弱毒真菌感染症が増加するものと思われた.
病例为19岁男性,1992年9月诊断为急性淋巴细胞白血病(FAB分类ALL L2) Japan Adult Leukemia study Group(JAL-SG)协议治疗完全缓解后,1994年8月,复发prednisolone,使用vincristine的缓解导入疗法。之后使用cytarabine和l-asparaginase治疗,长时间出现骨髓抑制,全身出现发热和溃疡底部坏死的疹。变得能做了。进行皮肤活检,培养结果检测出Fusarium solani,因此granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)连续几天静注350μg,amphotericin B (AMPH)从1mg开始增加到40mg。但是,随着原病的恶化,假单胞菌aeruginosa并发败血症而死亡。剖检发现全身各种脏器均有Fusarium引起的播种性病变,特别是肺、消化道、肾、心、胰、肌肉出现多发性病变,肾出现部分梗塞病变。今后,由于免疫缺陷患者的增加,这种弱毒真菌感染症将会增加。
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引用次数: 0
Anticandidal Activity of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes and Serum Transferrin in Tumor-Implanted Mice 肿瘤植入小鼠多形核白细胞和血清转铁蛋白抗药活性的研究
Pub Date : 1997-02-28 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.61
Toshihiko Watanabe, T. Mikami, Tatsuji Matsumoto, Masuko Suzuki
Meth-A fibrosarcoma-implanted mice were examined for protective activity to lethal Candida albicans infection. The number of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) was markedly increased in the mice, and their candidacidal function was also activated. The growth of C. albicans invitro was inhibited by the addition of serum from Meth-A-implanted mice. This activity was inhibitedby the addition of an inhibitor of transferrin, ferric sulphate. These findings indicated that C. albicans cells were efficiently eliminated by the activated PMNs and that the elimination was increased by the serum transferrin in Meth-A-implanted mice. leukocytes, Transferrin,
研究了甲基a纤维肉瘤植入小鼠对致死性白色念珠菌感染的保护活性。小鼠外周血多形核白细胞(PMNs)数量明显增加,白细胞的候选细胞功能也被激活。注射甲基苯丙胺小鼠血清可抑制体外白色念珠菌的生长。这种活性被加入转铁蛋白抑制剂硫酸铁所抑制。这些结果表明,活化的pmn能有效地清除白色念珠菌细胞,并能通过血清转铁蛋白增强清除作用。白细胞、转铁蛋白、
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引用次数: 1
Dermatophyte Flora of Japan 日本皮肤植物区系
Pub Date : 1997-02-28 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.13
K. Nishimoto
わが国における皮膚糸状菌症の菌相について,最近報告された日本医真菌学会疫学調査委員会報告およびいくつかの施設におけるデータをもとに概説した.わが国における皮膚糸状菌の菌相は比較的に単調であり,分離される菌種数も少ない.そのなかでTrichophyton rubrumは最も重要な菌種であり,ついでTrichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canisが多く分離されているが,その他の菌種,Microsporum gypseum, Trichophyton violaceum, Trichophyton verrucosum, Epidermophyton floccosumの分離頻度はごく低い.T.rubrumは体部白癬の80%以上,股部白癬の90%以上,足白癬の半数以上から分離されている.Microsporum canisは主として頭部白癬,体部白癬より,またT.mentagrophytesは足白癬から多く分離されている.T.rubrumは今後高齢者人口の増加と共により重要な菌種となることが予想される.
关于我国皮肤丝状菌症的菌相,根据最近报告的日本医真菌学会流行病学调查委员会的报告以及一些机构的数据概述了我国皮肤丝状菌的菌相比较单调,因此可以分离出来。其中Trichophyton rubrum是最重要的菌种,其次是Trichophyton mentagrophytes,Microsporum canis分离得比较多,其他的菌种,Microsporum gypseum, Trichophyton violaceum,trichophyton verrucosum,分离Epidermophyton floccosum的频率极低。T.rubrum从80%以上的体部癣、90%以上的股部癣、半数以上的足癣中分离出来。Microsporumcanis主要从头部癣和体部癣中分离出来,T.mentagrophytes多从脚癣中分离出来。T.rubrum今后随着老年人口的增加将成为更重要的菌种。
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引用次数: 0
Molecular Biological Approach to Phylogeny and Identification of Dermatophytes 皮肤植物系统发育与鉴定的分子生物学研究
Pub Date : 1997-02-28 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.5
K. Makimura, Hideaki Goto, T. Mochizuki, A. Hasegawa, K. Uchida, H. Yamaguchi
菌種特異的DNA塩基配列の解析に基づいた皮膚糸状菌の系統解析法および同定法に関して概説した.このような「塩基配列レベル」の解析によって,皮膚糸状菌を含む広汎な病原真菌の系統分類に有用な新たな指標が与えられるのみではなく,菌体DNAからの主要病原真菌の迅速同定も可能となり,真菌症の診断法,治療法,および予防法の進歩に大きく貢献するものと期待できる.
概述了基于菌种特异性DNA碱基序列分析的皮肤丝状菌的系统分析法和鉴定法。通过这种“碱基序列水平”的分析,为包括皮肤丝状菌在内的广泛病原真菌的系统分类提供了有用的新指标。不仅如此,通过菌体DNA迅速鉴定主要病原真菌也成为可能,这将对真菌症的诊断法、治疗法以及预防法的进步做出巨大贡献。
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引用次数: 1
Characterization of Elastolytic Proteinase from Aspergillus flavus:Comparison of Biochemical Properties to the Elastolytic Proteinase from Aspergillus fumigatus 黄曲霉弹性蛋白酶的鉴定:与烟曲霉弹性蛋白酶生化特性的比较
Pub Date : 1997-02-28 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.53
Y. Hasegawa, T. Nikai, Y. Okumura, K. Ogawa, H. Sugihara
An elastolytic proteinase was isolated from Aspergillus flavus by column chromatography using diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-cellulose and carboxymethyl (CM)-Sephadex C-50. The proteinase was found to be homogeneous as indicated by a single band after disc polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The enzyme had a molecular weight of 40, 000Da as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-PAGE.The elastolytic activity was inhibited by leupeptin, diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP), α1-antitrypsin, α2-macroglobulin and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). However, neither N-bromo-succinimide (NBS) nor antithrombin-III showed any inhibitory effect on the enzyme activity. The enzyme contained 414 amino acid residues and exhibited an isoelectric point of 8.6. Its carbohydrate content was calculated to be 3.6% using glucose as a standard, but elastolytic proteinase from A. fumigatus did not contain any carbohydrates. The Aα, Bβ and γ chains of human fibrinogen were cleaved by the enzyme.Elastolytic proteinase from A. flavus hydrolyzed Ser(9)-His(10), Val(12)-Glu(13), Glu(13)-Ala(14), Ala(14)-Leu(15), Leu(15)-Tyr(16), Tyr(16)-Leu(17), Glu(21)-Arg(22), Phe(25)-Tyr(26), Tyr(26)-Thr(27), Pro(28)-Lys(29) and Lys(29)-Ala(30) bonds of oxidized insulin B chain, showing that enzyme has proteolytic activity.However, elastolytic proteinase from A. fumigatus had a molecular weight of 32, 000Da, and the enzyme did not contain carbohydrate.
采用二乙基氨基乙基(DEAE)-纤维素和羧甲基(CM)-Sephadex C-50色谱柱层析法从黄曲霉中分离得到一种弹性蛋白酶。圆盘聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)显示,该蛋白酶是均匀的。经十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)-PAGE测定,该酶分子量为40000 da。白细胞介素、氟磷酸二异丙基(DFP)、α1-抗胰蛋白酶、α2-巨球蛋白和乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)抑制了其弹性分解活性。然而,n-溴琥珀酰亚胺(NBS)和抗凝血素- iii对酶活性均无抑制作用。该酶含有414个氨基酸残基,等电点为8.6。以葡萄糖为标准计算其碳水化合物含量为3.6%,而烟曲霉弹性水解蛋白酶不含碳水化合物。该酶可裂解人纤维蛋白原的Aα、Bβ和γ链。黄豆弹性水解蛋白酶可水解Ser(9)-His(10)、Val(12)-Glu(13)、Glu(13)-Ala(14)、Ala(14)-Leu(15)、Leu(15)-Tyr(16)、Tyr(16)-Leu(17)、Glu(21)-Arg(22)、Phe(25)-Tyr(26)、Tyr(26)-Thr(27)、Pro(28)-Lys(29)和Lys(29)-Ala(30)氧化胰岛素B链键,表明该酶具有蛋白水解活性。然而,烟曲霉弹性水解蛋白酶的分子量为32000 da,且该酶不含碳水化合物。
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引用次数: 10
Clinical Evaluation of Shampoo Containing 0.75% Miconazole Nitrate for Dandruff 含0.75%硝酸咪康唑洗发水治疗头屑的临床评价
Pub Date : 1997-02-28 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.99
K. Kudoh, H. Tagami
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi
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