{"title":"Efficacy of Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA Method to Differentiate Between Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. interdigitale and Trichophyton rubrum","authors":"T. Mochizuki, M. Uehara","doi":"10.3314/JJMM.37.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3314/JJMM.37.97","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19301,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi","volume":"44 1","pages":"97-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85503877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rapid-diagnosis of Deep Mycoses by PCR","authors":"K. Makimura, S. Murayama, G. Ueda, K. Hashimoto, K. Uchida, H. Yamaguchi","doi":"10.3314/JJMM.37.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3314/JJMM.37.85","url":null,"abstract":"深在性真菌症の実験室的PCR診断法の一例として,広範囲の深在性真菌症起因菌を各種の臨床検体から迅速・高感度に検出でき,かつ菌種の同定までが可能な検出系を紹介した.本先PCR法は,多様な起因菌による深在性真菌症の早期診断を可能にする新しい診断法として,今日益々増加しつつある本症患者の臨床に大きく貢献できるものと期待される.","PeriodicalId":19301,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi","volume":"58 1","pages":"85-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85424122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role of Mannan on Adhesion of Candida albicans to Epithelial Cells","authors":"K. Kagaya, Y. Miyakawa, Motofumi Suzuki, T. Nakase, Y. Fukazawa","doi":"10.3314/JJMM.37.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3314/JJMM.37.71","url":null,"abstract":"上皮細胞付着性は菌の粘膜への定着を引き起こし,感染成立の第一段階として重要である.Candida albicansは他のカンジダ属の菌種と比べて上皮細胞付着能が高く,ヒトからの分離頻度も高いことが知られているが,その中でも多くが血清型AであることからA型特異的な抗原6と呼ばれるマンナン側鎖の構造がC. albicans Aの上皮細胞付着性を支配している可能性が示唆される.そこで,C. albicans Aから得られた抗原6欠損変異株の上皮細胞付着性を検討した結果,抗原6欠損変異株はヒト上皮細胞付着性が著しく低下していることが示された.さらにC. albicans Aの上皮細胞への付着が親株マンナンおよび抗原6特異的な抗体で阻害されること,また抗原6をもつ菌種はもたない菌種よりも明らかに付着能が高いことが示され,抗原6の付着素としての重要性が示唆された.抗原6特異的な単クローン抗体(MAb-6)に対するオリゴ糖のELISA阻害活性を検討した結果,マンナン側鎖の非還元末端のβ結合がMAb-6に対する決定基として必須であることが示された.さらに,サルモネラC1血清群がMAb-6と交差反応性を示すこと,およびコンピュータによるβ結合を含むマンノオリゴ糖とサルモネラO抗原側鎖の立体配位の検討から,MAb-6に対する決定基の最小単位がMan-β(1-2)-Man-α(1-2)-Man-であることが示され,ヒト上皮細胞に対するC. albicans Aの付着にはこの構造が深く関与していることが示唆された.","PeriodicalId":19301,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi","volume":"15 1","pages":"71-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78413661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Nishida, T. Iizuka, T. Hamaguchi, J. Ninomiya, I. Takiuchi
We report the case of a 78-year-old housewife with candida paronychia·onychia of a toe. The patient has suffered for a number of years from bronchial asthma. and has occasionally been intravenously injected with corticosteroid. On June 10, 1995, she visited our department because she developed erythema with slight swelling and dull pain on the nail fold of her left big toe. During the month prior to her visit, she was treated with antibiotics for hemoptysis, and few weeks later, the tip of the left big toe became diffusely swollen. She noticed an increase in pain, although sharp pain lessened spontaneously after the wound discharged pus three or four days before she visited us. The toe exhibited slight erythema and swelling with dried pustules. Marked exfoliative scales were present in the nail cuticle and the nail glove. Numerous fungal elements of hyphae and grape-shaped spores were detected in the scales and nail plates of the lesion by a direct examination using the KOH method. Organisms isolated from the lesions were identified as Candida albicans serotype A, although no bacteria was cultured. The leisons completely disappeared after 7 weeks therapy with topical application of an antifungal reagent.To our knowledge, only 4 cases of candida paronychia·onychia of the toe have been reported in Japan. We suspect our case to have been complicated with bacterial paronychia.
{"title":"A Case of Candida Paronychia·Onychia of a Toe Following Bacterial Paronychia","authors":"M. Nishida, T. Iizuka, T. Hamaguchi, J. Ninomiya, I. Takiuchi","doi":"10.3314/JJMM.37.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3314/JJMM.37.111","url":null,"abstract":"We report the case of a 78-year-old housewife with candida paronychia·onychia of a toe. The patient has suffered for a number of years from bronchial asthma. and has occasionally been intravenously injected with corticosteroid. On June 10, 1995, she visited our department because she developed erythema with slight swelling and dull pain on the nail fold of her left big toe. During the month prior to her visit, she was treated with antibiotics for hemoptysis, and few weeks later, the tip of the left big toe became diffusely swollen. She noticed an increase in pain, although sharp pain lessened spontaneously after the wound discharged pus three or four days before she visited us. The toe exhibited slight erythema and swelling with dried pustules. Marked exfoliative scales were present in the nail cuticle and the nail glove. Numerous fungal elements of hyphae and grape-shaped spores were detected in the scales and nail plates of the lesion by a direct examination using the KOH method. Organisms isolated from the lesions were identified as Candida albicans serotype A, although no bacteria was cultured. The leisons completely disappeared after 7 weeks therapy with topical application of an antifungal reagent.To our knowledge, only 4 cases of candida paronychia·onychia of the toe have been reported in Japan. We suspect our case to have been complicated with bacterial paronychia.","PeriodicalId":19301,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi","volume":"115 1","pages":"111-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79358034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinical isolates from superficial trichosporonosis patients were identified on the basis of DNA relatedness. Trichosporon cutaneum, T. mucoides and our new proposed species, T. domesticum were found in the clinical samples. These findings suggest that the causative agents of superficial trichosporonosis exist in three or more species, and are different from those of deep-seated and mucosa-associated infections.
{"title":"Taxonomic Studies on Clinical Isolates from Superficial Trichosporonosis Patients by DNA Relatedness","authors":"T. Sugita, A. Nishikawa, T. Shinoda, T. Kusunoki","doi":"10.3314/JJMM.37.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3314/JJMM.37.107","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical isolates from superficial trichosporonosis patients were identified on the basis of DNA relatedness. Trichosporon cutaneum, T. mucoides and our new proposed species, T. domesticum were found in the clinical samples. These findings suggest that the causative agents of superficial trichosporonosis exist in three or more species, and are different from those of deep-seated and mucosa-associated infections.","PeriodicalId":19301,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi","volume":"50 1","pages":"107-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79076979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Isolation of Fungi from Normal-looking Skin and Scalp","authors":"T. Katoh, Rhuji Maruyama, K. Nishioka, S. Takagi","doi":"10.3314/JJMM.37.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3314/JJMM.37.101","url":null,"abstract":"健常な皮膚と頭髪からのCandida albicansをはじめとする真菌の検出を試みた.対象は皮膚・粘膜カンジダ症患者26例,血液疾患患者19例,ステロイド剤内服患者14例,糖尿病,悪性腫瘍,膠原病の基礎疾患を有する患者18例,基礎疾患を持たない真菌症,膿皮症などの皮膚感染症患者25例,および健常人28人の合計130例である.培地としてクロラムフェニコールを添加したサブローブドウ糖寒天平板培地を用いた.下顎,第3指間は綿棒塗抹法,指腹はFinger-Press法,頭髪はヘアーブラシ法で培養した.C.albicansは健常人の皮膚からは1人も検出されなかったが,皮膚・粘膜カンジダ症群の26例中15例(57.7%)から検出され,非病変皮膚も保菌されている頻度が高いことが分かった.血液疾患群ではC.albicansが19例中2例から検出されたが,その他の真菌の検出率は他群より低く,Penicillium spp.を1例,その他の酵母を3例から検出したのみであった.全症例の検出率を部位別にみると,Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp.,黒色真菌,その他の糸状菌は頭髪がその他の部位より高かった.一方,血液疾患群の頭髪は化学療法による脱毛が多いために,7例しか検索できなかったが,黒色真菌を1例から検出したのみであった.以上より,皮膚の真菌は頭髪に付着した菌がfocusになっている可能性が高く,血液疾患群は脱毛のため頭髪に真菌が付着しにくく,その結果,皮膚からの検出率も低いと結論した.","PeriodicalId":19301,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi","volume":"5 1","pages":"101-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74223445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mucocutaneous manifestations of fungal disease are quite common in immunocompromised patients. The most frequent fungal infections include dermatophytoses of the skin and nails, candida and seborrheic dermatitis. Cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis are seen less commonly and when mucocutaneous surfaces are involved, it is in the setting of disseminated fungal disease. These infections may vary greatly in their clinical presentation and the appearance is often atypical. Thus it is essential to biopsy and culture the skin lesions of these patients whenever the diagnosis is uncertain. The high recurrence rate of fungal infections in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients requires the use of long-term suppressive maintenance therapy. The emergence of newer antifungal agents has provided additional treatment alternatives.
{"title":"Mucocutaneous Manifestations of Fungal Infections in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease","authors":"J. Seeburger, R. Scher, Laura Buccheri","doi":"10.3314/JJMM.37.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3314/JJMM.37.59","url":null,"abstract":"Mucocutaneous manifestations of fungal disease are quite common in immunocompromised patients. The most frequent fungal infections include dermatophytoses of the skin and nails, candida and seborrheic dermatitis. Cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis are seen less commonly and when mucocutaneous surfaces are involved, it is in the setting of disseminated fungal disease. These infections may vary greatly in their clinical presentation and the appearance is often atypical. Thus it is essential to biopsy and culture the skin lesions of these patients whenever the diagnosis is uncertain. The high recurrence rate of fungal infections in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients requires the use of long-term suppressive maintenance therapy. The emergence of newer antifungal agents has provided additional treatment alternatives.","PeriodicalId":19301,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi","volume":"77 1 1","pages":"59-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74369609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The fungal pathogen Penicillium marneffei is endemic in Southeast Asia and China. The prevalence of disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection has increased markedly over the past few years. This increase is exclusively due to infection among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In northern Thailand disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection is the third most common opportunistic infection in late HIV disease, after tuberculosis and cryptococcosis. As of early 1995, 550 cases of disseminated Penicillium marneffei in HIV-infected patients had been diagnosed at Chiang Mai University Hospital alone. Signs and symptoms of these patients were fever, marked weight loss, skin lesions, anemia, lymphadenopathy and hepatomegaly. Skin lesions were commonly necrotic papules resembling molluscum contagiosum. They could not be diffentiated from skin lesions in AIDS patients with disseminated cryptococcosis or histoplasmosis. Diagnosis of disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection could be made by culture of the blood, skin lesions, or bone marrow and by microscopic examination of Wright's-stained skin smears or bone marrow aspirates. Most patients responded to treatment with amphotericin B and itraconazole. Maintenance therapy with itraconazole should be given in patients who responded initially. With the expected epidemic of HIV infection in southern China and Southeast Asian countries other than Thailand, Penicillium marneffei is potentially an organism of great public health importance in the future. Many critical features of the epidemiology and natural history of Penicillium marneffei infection remain unknown and need further elucidation.
{"title":"Disseminated Penicillium marneffei Infection in Patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.","authors":"T. Sirisanthana","doi":"10.3314/JJMM.37.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3314/JJMM.37.5","url":null,"abstract":"The fungal pathogen Penicillium marneffei is endemic in Southeast Asia and China. The prevalence of disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection has increased markedly over the past few years. This increase is exclusively due to infection among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In northern Thailand disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection is the third most common opportunistic infection in late HIV disease, after tuberculosis and cryptococcosis. As of early 1995, 550 cases of disseminated Penicillium marneffei in HIV-infected patients had been diagnosed at Chiang Mai University Hospital alone. Signs and symptoms of these patients were fever, marked weight loss, skin lesions, anemia, lymphadenopathy and hepatomegaly. Skin lesions were commonly necrotic papules resembling molluscum contagiosum. They could not be diffentiated from skin lesions in AIDS patients with disseminated cryptococcosis or histoplasmosis. Diagnosis of disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection could be made by culture of the blood, skin lesions, or bone marrow and by microscopic examination of Wright's-stained skin smears or bone marrow aspirates. Most patients responded to treatment with amphotericin B and itraconazole. Maintenance therapy with itraconazole should be given in patients who responded initially. With the expected epidemic of HIV infection in southern China and Southeast Asian countries other than Thailand, Penicillium marneffei is potentially an organism of great public health importance in the future. Many critical features of the epidemiology and natural history of Penicillium marneffei infection remain unknown and need further elucidation.","PeriodicalId":19301,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi","volume":"413 1","pages":"5-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84891538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Therapeutic Efficacy of TP-101 in a Guinea Pig Model of Dermatophytosis","authors":"K. Aikawa, T. Akashi, Shigeo Tanaka, Y. Kaneda, K. Sugita, T. Nagate, W. Naka","doi":"10.3314/JJMM.37.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3314/JJMM.37.19","url":null,"abstract":"製剤的工夫を施した1%硝酸ミコナゾール(MCZ)配合抗真菌外用剤TP-101の有用性を評価するため,そのラット角層内へのMCZ移行量及びTrichophyton mentagrophytesによるモルモットの実験的白癬に対する治療効果を対照薬剤に1%MCZ単味剤(単味剤)を用いて比較検討した.薬剤外用後の角層内MCZ量を高速液体クロマトグラフィ(HPLC)法を用いて経時的に測定した結果,いずれの測定時間においてもTP-101は単味剤よりMCZ量が有意に高く,試験開始24時間後では2.4倍の値を示した(P<0.01).モルモット白癬治療試験においてはTP-101の治療効果は肉眼的所見においても菌学的所見においても単味剤より優れていた.TP-101はMCZの角層移行性が高く,白癬モデルにおいて優れた治療効果を発揮したことから,既存の抗真菌剤も基剤を改良することにより,角層への移行量が増加し,治療効果を増す可能性が示唆された.","PeriodicalId":19301,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi","volume":"14 1","pages":"19-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74842785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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