Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.29090/psa.2022.01.21.113
E. Chan, Ying Ki Ng, S. Wong, H. T. Chan
Coastal plants are those growing on muddy shores, sandy beaches and rocky promontories. Represented by a wide array of trees, shrubs, vines and epiphytes, they have important ecological and environmental values such as coastal protection and habitats for fauna. Coastal flora are also important food and medicinal plants. Pluchea indica (L.) Less., one of the coastal plants, was chosen for the review since it has been utilized as sources of food and medicine. Its extracts exhibit several pharmacological activities promoting human health benefits. The botany, bioactive compounds and pharmacological properties of P. indica are reviewed for the first time. The pharmacological properties including antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and other activities, are summarized. To date, there is only a review on the nutrition, health benefits and applications of P. indica leaves. Three other reviews emphasized on the phytochemistry and biological activities of the genus Pluchea Cass. Sources of information procured for this review were from Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, J-Stage, JSTOR, PubChem and Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ). The primary keywords for search are Pluchea indica and the secondary keywords include constituents, antioxidant, cancer, etc.
{"title":"Pluchea indica: An updated review of its botany, uses, bioactive compounds and pharmacological properties","authors":"E. Chan, Ying Ki Ng, S. Wong, H. T. Chan","doi":"10.29090/psa.2022.01.21.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29090/psa.2022.01.21.113","url":null,"abstract":"Coastal plants are those growing on muddy shores, sandy beaches and rocky promontories. Represented by a wide array of trees, shrubs, vines and epiphytes, they have important ecological and environmental values such as coastal protection and habitats for fauna. Coastal flora are also important food and medicinal plants. Pluchea indica (L.) Less., one of the coastal plants, was chosen for the review since it has been utilized as sources of food and medicine. Its extracts exhibit several pharmacological activities promoting human health benefits. The botany, bioactive compounds and pharmacological properties of P. indica are reviewed for the first time. The pharmacological properties including antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and other activities, are summarized. To date, there is only a review on the nutrition, health benefits and applications of P. indica leaves. Three other reviews emphasized on the phytochemistry and biological activities of the genus Pluchea Cass. Sources of information procured for this review were from Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, J-Stage, JSTOR, PubChem and Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ). The primary keywords for search are Pluchea indica and the secondary keywords include constituents, antioxidant, cancer, etc.","PeriodicalId":19761,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Asia","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85790909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.29090/psa.2022.04.21.217
Zulkhah Noor, D. L. Kusindarta, A. Sadewa, D. S. Heriyanto, D. R. Hadiati, Mustofa
This study aims to evaluate acute toxicity of the herbal preparation on rats as an early step to evaluate its safety. This study used 25 females Rattus norvegicus strain Sprague Dawley rats aged 8 weeks with a body weight of at least 120 g divided into 5 groups of doses of herbal preparation (0/aquadest, 50, 300, 2,000, 5,000) mg/kg BW. After administration of the herbal preparation, rats were observed using a camera continuously for 14 days and manual observation intensively for the first 24 hours and then once a day for up to 14 days. The toxic effects including death, behavioral changes, neural symptoms, and other abnormalities were recorded. The weight of the rats was monitored every three days. On the 15 th day, the rats were sacrificed to collect vital organs for macroscopic and histopathological examinations. The LD 50 was estimated based on OECD Guideline. No mortality and significant toxicity signs in any of the rats after receiving the herbal formula at highest dose of 5000 mg/kg was reported during the 14-day observation period. Body weight and organ weight did not show significant variation between controls and treatment groups. In addition, no abnormalities of liver, heart and lungs were also observed in macroscopic and histopathological examinations. In conclusion, the herbal preparation shows the LD 50 of greater than 5,000 mg/kg can be classified as category 5 or unclassified. Further sub chronic toxicity study will be conducted to evaluate its safety after repeated exposure.
{"title":"Acute toxicity of the galactagogue phytomedicine containing Sauropus androgynous, Trigonella foenumgraecum, and Moringa oleifera","authors":"Zulkhah Noor, D. L. Kusindarta, A. Sadewa, D. S. Heriyanto, D. R. Hadiati, Mustofa","doi":"10.29090/psa.2022.04.21.217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29090/psa.2022.04.21.217","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to evaluate acute toxicity of the herbal preparation on rats as an early step to evaluate its safety. This study used 25 females Rattus norvegicus strain Sprague Dawley rats aged 8 weeks with a body weight of at least 120 g divided into 5 groups of doses of herbal preparation (0/aquadest, 50, 300, 2,000, 5,000) mg/kg BW. After administration of the herbal preparation, rats were observed using a camera continuously for 14 days and manual observation intensively for the first 24 hours and then once a day for up to 14 days. The toxic effects including death, behavioral changes, neural symptoms, and other abnormalities were recorded. The weight of the rats was monitored every three days. On the 15 th day, the rats were sacrificed to collect vital organs for macroscopic and histopathological examinations. The LD 50 was estimated based on OECD Guideline. No mortality and significant toxicity signs in any of the rats after receiving the herbal formula at highest dose of 5000 mg/kg was reported during the 14-day observation period. Body weight and organ weight did not show significant variation between controls and treatment groups. In addition, no abnormalities of liver, heart and lungs were also observed in macroscopic and histopathological examinations. In conclusion, the herbal preparation shows the LD 50 of greater than 5,000 mg/kg can be classified as category 5 or unclassified. Further sub chronic toxicity study will be conducted to evaluate its safety after repeated exposure.","PeriodicalId":19761,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Asia","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87585349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.29090/psa.2022.01.21.118
Nattapong Wongchum, A. Dechakhamphu
1 Biology Program, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University, Ubonratchathani, Thailand 2 Thai Traditional Medicine Program, Faculty of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine, Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University, Ubonratchathani, Thailand 3 Aesthetic Sciences and Health Program, Faculty of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine, Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University, Ubonratchathani, Thailand
{"title":"Extract from the stem of Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook. f. & Thomson extends life span and decreases stress-induced mortality in Drosophila melanogaster","authors":"Nattapong Wongchum, A. Dechakhamphu","doi":"10.29090/psa.2022.01.21.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29090/psa.2022.01.21.118","url":null,"abstract":"1 Biology Program, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University, Ubonratchathani, Thailand 2 Thai Traditional Medicine Program, Faculty of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine, Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University, Ubonratchathani, Thailand 3 Aesthetic Sciences and Health Program, Faculty of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine, Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University, Ubonratchathani, Thailand","PeriodicalId":19761,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Asia","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75688102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.29090/psa.2022.05.22.198
Nattawut Charoenthai, Kun Sodalee, S. Puttipipatkhachorn
Pickering emulsions, also known as emulsions stabilized by solid particles, have been increasingly applied in pharmaceutical products due to their high stability and non-toxicity. Due to unwanted toxicity from low molecular weight surfactants used as emulsifiers in classical emulsions, solid particles of biopolymers have been used as stabilizers in Pickering emulsions. This review summarizes the recent research on using octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) starch and its polyelectrolyte complexes as stabilizers in Pickering emulsions. OSA starch-based Pickering emulsion has been reported to prepare various dosage forms such as emulsion, nanoemulsion, microcapsules, nanocapsules, and redispersible dry emulsion. The information obtained indicates the increasing trend in the application and practical uses of Pickering emulsions in the pharmaceutical industry.
{"title":"Octenyl succinic anhydride starch and its polyelectrolyte complexes as stabilizers in Pickering emulsions","authors":"Nattawut Charoenthai, Kun Sodalee, S. Puttipipatkhachorn","doi":"10.29090/psa.2022.05.22.198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29090/psa.2022.05.22.198","url":null,"abstract":"Pickering emulsions, also known as emulsions stabilized by solid particles, have been increasingly applied in pharmaceutical products due to their high stability and non-toxicity. Due to unwanted toxicity from low molecular weight surfactants used as emulsifiers in classical emulsions, solid particles of biopolymers have been used as stabilizers in Pickering emulsions. This review summarizes the recent research on using octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) starch and its polyelectrolyte complexes as stabilizers in Pickering emulsions. OSA starch-based Pickering emulsion has been reported to prepare various dosage forms such as emulsion, nanoemulsion, microcapsules, nanocapsules, and redispersible dry emulsion. The information obtained indicates the increasing trend in the application and practical uses of Pickering emulsions in the pharmaceutical industry.","PeriodicalId":19761,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Asia","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76763883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.29090/psa.2022.03.22.013
Yudi Wicaksono, Lusia Oktora Ruma Kumala Sari, Biru Putri Ayu Istiqomah, Shofiatul Izzah Al Amaliyah, D. Setyawan
The objective of this study was to evaluate the analgesic activity and acute toxicity of the ketoprofen-nicotinamide multicomponent solid. The preparation of multicomponent solids was carried out by the solvent evaporation method. The characterization of multicomponent solids was carried out by powder x-ray diffractometer (PXRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). Solubility test was carried out by shaking method and evaluation of analgesic activity-toxicity was carried out in vivo in mice strain BALB/c. The results showed that the ketoprofen-nicotinamide multicomponent solid formed a new solid phase with different characteristics from the initial components. The ketoprofen-nicotinamide multicomponent solid showed a significantly ( p <0.05) increased solubility, which was 1.3 times compared to the solubility of pure ketoprofen. In the evaluation of analgesic activity, the treatment group of multicomponent solid at a dose of 3.25 mg/kg body weight showed significantly increased pain inhibition ( p <0.05) compared to the treatment group of pure ketoprofen. The toxicity evaluation in experimental animals showed that the multicomponent solids did not cause a significant ( p >0.05) increase in SGOT and SGPT levels compared to the control group. Observations on the stomach histology of experimental animals showed that the ketoprofen-nicotinamide multicomponent solid gave a lighter infiltration of neutrophil inflammatory cells when compared to the pure ketoprofen group.
{"title":"Evaluation of analgesic activity and acute toxicity of ketoprofen-nicotinamide multicomponent solids","authors":"Yudi Wicaksono, Lusia Oktora Ruma Kumala Sari, Biru Putri Ayu Istiqomah, Shofiatul Izzah Al Amaliyah, D. Setyawan","doi":"10.29090/psa.2022.03.22.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29090/psa.2022.03.22.013","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate the analgesic activity and acute toxicity of the ketoprofen-nicotinamide multicomponent solid. The preparation of multicomponent solids was carried out by the solvent evaporation method. The characterization of multicomponent solids was carried out by powder x-ray diffractometer (PXRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). Solubility test was carried out by shaking method and evaluation of analgesic activity-toxicity was carried out in vivo in mice strain BALB/c. The results showed that the ketoprofen-nicotinamide multicomponent solid formed a new solid phase with different characteristics from the initial components. The ketoprofen-nicotinamide multicomponent solid showed a significantly ( p <0.05) increased solubility, which was 1.3 times compared to the solubility of pure ketoprofen. In the evaluation of analgesic activity, the treatment group of multicomponent solid at a dose of 3.25 mg/kg body weight showed significantly increased pain inhibition ( p <0.05) compared to the treatment group of pure ketoprofen. The toxicity evaluation in experimental animals showed that the multicomponent solids did not cause a significant ( p >0.05) increase in SGOT and SGPT levels compared to the control group. Observations on the stomach histology of experimental animals showed that the ketoprofen-nicotinamide multicomponent solid gave a lighter infiltration of neutrophil inflammatory cells when compared to the pure ketoprofen group.","PeriodicalId":19761,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Asia","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79346743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.29090/psa.2022.02.21.144
Ayat Yousse, A. Baiomy, S. Fahmy, A. Mohamed, D. Saad, Reham Desoky
Osteoporosis is defined as a universal skeletal disorder. The medicinal importance of earthworms has been known from time immemorial. The present investigation was designed to assess the antiosteoporotic efficacy of the earthworm, Allolobophora caliginosa extract (AcE) in bilaterally orchiectomized rats (OCX) to elicit the underlying in vivo mechanism. Twenty-eight male rats were divided into two groups. The first group (7 rats/group) represented sham-operated rats, while the second group (21 rats/group) underwent bilateral orchidectomy (OCX). The second group was randomly subdivided into three subgroups; OCX and A. caliginosa extract (AcE) (100 or 200 mg/kg body weight/day) treated subgroup. Administration of AcE to OCX rats increased femoral bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and calcitonin level, as compared to OCX rats. On the other hand, administration of AcE to OCX rats significantly decreased serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and parathyroid hormone (PTH) level compared to OCX rats. The present study showed that AcE is a beneficial novel natural antiresorptive agent. Its anti-osteoporotic effects may positively impact osteoblast differentiation, particularly bone mineralization, and higher osteoblast activity account for bone formation, preventing osteoporosis.
{"title":"Potential anti-osteoporotic effect of Allolobophora caliginosa extract in orchiectomized rats","authors":"Ayat Yousse, A. Baiomy, S. Fahmy, A. Mohamed, D. Saad, Reham Desoky","doi":"10.29090/psa.2022.02.21.144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29090/psa.2022.02.21.144","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoporosis is defined as a universal skeletal disorder. The medicinal importance of earthworms has been known from time immemorial. The present investigation was designed to assess the antiosteoporotic efficacy of the earthworm, Allolobophora caliginosa extract (AcE) in bilaterally orchiectomized rats (OCX) to elicit the underlying in vivo mechanism. Twenty-eight male rats were divided into two groups. The first group (7 rats/group) represented sham-operated rats, while the second group (21 rats/group) underwent bilateral orchidectomy (OCX). The second group was randomly subdivided into three subgroups; OCX and A. caliginosa extract (AcE) (100 or 200 mg/kg body weight/day) treated subgroup. Administration of AcE to OCX rats increased femoral bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and calcitonin level, as compared to OCX rats. On the other hand, administration of AcE to OCX rats significantly decreased serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and parathyroid hormone (PTH) level compared to OCX rats. The present study showed that AcE is a beneficial novel natural antiresorptive agent. Its anti-osteoporotic effects may positively impact osteoblast differentiation, particularly bone mineralization, and higher osteoblast activity account for bone formation, preventing osteoporosis.","PeriodicalId":19761,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Asia","volume":"498 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72546371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.29090/psa.2022.02.21.186
Sang Thanh Huynh, Ngoc Viet Nguyen, Ho Nhu Nguyen
Suboptimal asthma control and medication non-adherence are common and associated with adverse disease outcomes. This study aimed to assess the medication adherence, level of asthma control, and determine factors associated with asthma control among asthmatic outpatients. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 asthmatic patients aged 12 visiting the Asthma Management Clinic at a tertiary hospital in Vietnam from April to June 2019. Data, including demographics, medication treatment and adherence, and asthma control, were collected through structured interviews and prescription review. Asthma control and medication adherence were measured using the Asthma Control Test (ACT) questionnaire and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale 8-items (MMAS-8), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associated factors with asthma control. The mean age of the study participants was 59.1 years and the majority were women (67.2%). All patients were using inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)-containing controller therapy. The proportion of patients highly adhering to prescribed medications was 34.4%. Well-controlled asthma was observed in 64.4% of patients. Age group of 60 (aOR=3.43, 95%CI 1.21-9.68), low medication adherence (aOR=2.97, 95%CI 1.40-6.30), and using medium or high dose of ICS (aOR=3.38, 95%CI 1.64-6.97; aOR=4.28, 95%CI 1.90-9.65, respectively) were associated with poorly-controlled asthma. Poorly controlled asthma was still prevalent. Patient’s age, medication adherence, and ICS dosage are some factors which healthcare providers should consider when asthma control was under expectation.
{"title":"Asthma control and medication adherence among asthmatic outpatients in Vietnam: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Sang Thanh Huynh, Ngoc Viet Nguyen, Ho Nhu Nguyen","doi":"10.29090/psa.2022.02.21.186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29090/psa.2022.02.21.186","url":null,"abstract":"Suboptimal asthma control and medication non-adherence are common and associated with adverse disease outcomes. This study aimed to assess the medication adherence, level of asthma control, and determine factors associated with asthma control among asthmatic outpatients. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 asthmatic patients aged 12 visiting the Asthma Management Clinic at a tertiary hospital in Vietnam from April to June 2019. Data, including demographics, medication treatment and adherence, and asthma control, were collected through structured interviews and prescription review. Asthma control and medication adherence were measured using the Asthma Control Test (ACT) questionnaire and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale 8-items (MMAS-8), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associated factors with asthma control. The mean age of the study participants was 59.1 years and the majority were women (67.2%). All patients were using inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)-containing controller therapy. The proportion of patients highly adhering to prescribed medications was 34.4%. Well-controlled asthma was observed in 64.4% of patients. Age group of 60 (aOR=3.43, 95%CI 1.21-9.68), low medication adherence (aOR=2.97, 95%CI 1.40-6.30), and using medium or high dose of ICS (aOR=3.38, 95%CI 1.64-6.97; aOR=4.28, 95%CI 1.90-9.65, respectively) were associated with poorly-controlled asthma. Poorly controlled asthma was still prevalent. Patient’s age, medication adherence, and ICS dosage are some factors which healthcare providers should consider when asthma control was under expectation.","PeriodicalId":19761,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Asia","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84215249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.29090/psa.2022.03.21.220
Pithkanda Pansumrit, T. Pathomwichaiwat, Pornchai Kladwong, S. Tiyaworanant, Varangrat Nguanchoo, B. Bongcheewin
The first ethnobotanical work of the genus Smilax in Thailand was carried out to investigate the medicinal use of the Smilax species by folk healers, using the semi-structured interview, questionnaire survey, and literature review. Three quantitative indices were calculated, i.e. the Use Value (UV), the Relative Frequency Citation (RFC), and the Informant Agreement Ratio (IAR). Eleven species were recorded. Three of which, i.e. S. bracteata, S. hemsleyana, and S. leucophylla, are new records as medicinal species in Thailand. The genus has the potential use for the treatment of the genitourinary illnesses (IAR=1.00) and the neoplasms (IAR=0.71). Smilax glabra was the most used species with UVs=0.67, RFC=0.39. The results indicate the species being threatened due to over harvesting from the natural habitat. Furthermore, this study shows that the semi-structured interview coupled with the questionnaire survey is useful to gather the ethnobotanical data of a specific plant group. Botanical authentication of the commercial crude drugs based on chromatographic fingerprinting and macroscopic characters was carried out to verify the botanical identity of the homonym Hua-khao-yen crude drugs. Smilax glabra and Premna herbacea (Lamiaceae) were authenticated as the source of Hua-khao-yen-nuea and the Hua-khao-yen tai crude drugs, respectively.
{"title":"An ethnobotanical study of the genus Smilax in Thailand and its botanical authentication for Hua-khao-yen crude drugs","authors":"Pithkanda Pansumrit, T. Pathomwichaiwat, Pornchai Kladwong, S. Tiyaworanant, Varangrat Nguanchoo, B. Bongcheewin","doi":"10.29090/psa.2022.03.21.220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29090/psa.2022.03.21.220","url":null,"abstract":"The first ethnobotanical work of the genus Smilax in Thailand was carried out to investigate the medicinal use of the Smilax species by folk healers, using the semi-structured interview, questionnaire survey, and literature review. Three quantitative indices were calculated, i.e. the Use Value (UV), the Relative Frequency Citation (RFC), and the Informant Agreement Ratio (IAR). Eleven species were recorded. Three of which, i.e. S. bracteata, S. hemsleyana, and S. leucophylla, are new records as medicinal species in Thailand. The genus has the potential use for the treatment of the genitourinary illnesses (IAR=1.00) and the neoplasms (IAR=0.71). Smilax glabra was the most used species with UVs=0.67, RFC=0.39. The results indicate the species being threatened due to over harvesting from the natural habitat. Furthermore, this study shows that the semi-structured interview coupled with the questionnaire survey is useful to gather the ethnobotanical data of a specific plant group. Botanical authentication of the commercial crude drugs based on chromatographic fingerprinting and macroscopic characters was carried out to verify the botanical identity of the homonym Hua-khao-yen crude drugs. Smilax glabra and Premna herbacea (Lamiaceae) were authenticated as the source of Hua-khao-yen-nuea and the Hua-khao-yen tai crude drugs, respectively.","PeriodicalId":19761,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Asia","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79036024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.29090/psa.2022.05.22.038
S. Gurav, Charmaine Dias, Nilambari S. Gurav, S. Nadaf, M. Ayyanar
Toxicodendron succedaneum (L.) Kuntze (Anacardiaceae) is a deciduous tree widely distributed in South and Southeast Asia. The resin of T. succedaneum is used in decorating traditional handicrafts, and resinous latex is poisonous. The plant yields a commercially important wax and treats asthma, cough, fever, ear infections, pulmonary infections, diarrhoea, dysentery, nose bleeding, and liver disorders. The scientific literature on T. succedaneum was collected from Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Major bioactive compounds reported in the plant are urushiols, bichalcones, biflavonoids such as succedaneaflavanone, agathisflavone, rhusflavanone, amentoflavone, cupressuflavone, robustaflavone, volkensiflavone, morelloflavone, and hinokiflavone. In-vitro studies have demonstrated the antioxidant, antibacterial, antitumor, and antileukemic activities of T. succedaneum, supporting the rationale behind its traditional use. Biflavonoids exhibited a strong antiviral effect by inhibiting the replication of HIV, HBV, and HSV. However, with the presence of hinokiflavone and a skin-irritating oil (urushiol), the plant causes severe allergies in humans, which urges to standardize the effectiveness of this species. The available literature on T. succedaneum suggests insufficient data on pharmacological studies in experimental animals. Much research needs to be done to confirm its folk medicinal uses for developing phytopharmaceutical drugs.
{"title":"Toxicodendron succedaneum (L.) Kuntze (Japanese wax tree): A review on its phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicity","authors":"S. Gurav, Charmaine Dias, Nilambari S. Gurav, S. Nadaf, M. Ayyanar","doi":"10.29090/psa.2022.05.22.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29090/psa.2022.05.22.038","url":null,"abstract":"Toxicodendron succedaneum (L.) Kuntze (Anacardiaceae) is a deciduous tree widely distributed in South and Southeast Asia. The resin of T. succedaneum is used in decorating traditional handicrafts, and resinous latex is poisonous. The plant yields a commercially important wax and treats asthma, cough, fever, ear infections, pulmonary infections, diarrhoea, dysentery, nose bleeding, and liver disorders. The scientific literature on T. succedaneum was collected from Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Major bioactive compounds reported in the plant are urushiols, bichalcones, biflavonoids such as succedaneaflavanone, agathisflavone, rhusflavanone, amentoflavone, cupressuflavone, robustaflavone, volkensiflavone, morelloflavone, and hinokiflavone. In-vitro studies have demonstrated the antioxidant, antibacterial, antitumor, and antileukemic activities of T. succedaneum, supporting the rationale behind its traditional use. Biflavonoids exhibited a strong antiviral effect by inhibiting the replication of HIV, HBV, and HSV. However, with the presence of hinokiflavone and a skin-irritating oil (urushiol), the plant causes severe allergies in humans, which urges to standardize the effectiveness of this species. The available literature on T. succedaneum suggests insufficient data on pharmacological studies in experimental animals. Much research needs to be done to confirm its folk medicinal uses for developing phytopharmaceutical drugs.","PeriodicalId":19761,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Asia","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87885591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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