Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB), caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), threatens global banana production. Lignin reinforces cell walls against pathogens and lodging, yet its regulatory mechanisms in banana remain elusive. Through genome-wide association study (GWAS) of lignin content across 184 banana accessions, we identified MaERF110 (encoding an AP2/ERF transcription factor) as a key negative regulator. Overexpression of MaERF110 in banana and Arabidopsis significantly reduced lignin deposition, impaired plant structural integrity and enhanced susceptibility to Foc TR4. Integrative RNA-seq, yeast one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that MaERF110 directly binds the MaMYB308 promoter and activates its transcription. MaMYB308 overexpression similarly suppressed lignin biosynthesis genes and compromised disease resistance. Mechanistically, MaERF110-overexpression plants exhibited disrupted reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, with elevated H2O2 and superoxide anion accumulation, reduced antioxidant enzyme activities and increased cell damage upon pathogen infection. We elucidate a MaERF110-MaMYB308 transcriptional module that represses lignin biosynthesis and disables lignin-mediated defence against Foc TR4. This pathway highlights dual roles for lignin in plant architecture and pathogen defence, providing targets for breeding resistant banana cultivars.
香蕉枯萎病（Fusarium wilt of banana， FWB）是由香蕉尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, Foc）引起的，威胁着全球香蕉生产。木质素增强了香蕉细胞壁抵抗病原体和倒伏的能力，但其调控机制尚不清楚。通过对184份香蕉材料木质素含量的全基因组关联研究（GWAS），我们发现编码AP2/ERF转录因子的MaERF110是一个关键的负调控因子。MaERF110在香蕉和拟南芥中的过表达显著降低木质素沉积，破坏植物结构完整性，增强对Foc TR4的敏感性。综合RNA-seq、酵母单杂交和电泳迁移转移分析显示，MaERF110直接结合MaMYB308启动子并激活其转录。MaMYB308过表达同样抑制木质素生物合成基因和降低抗病性。在机制上，maerf110过表达的植物表现出活性氧（ROS）稳态被破坏，H2O2和超氧阴离子积累增加，抗氧化酶活性降低，病原体感染后细胞损伤增加。我们阐明了一个MaERF110-MaMYB308转录模块，该模块抑制木质素的生物合成并使木质素介导的对Foc TR4的防御失能。这一途径突出了木质素在植物结构和病原体防御中的双重作用，为培育抗性香蕉品种提供了靶点。
{"title":"A MaERF110-MaMYB308 Transcriptional Module Negatively Regulates Lignin-Mediated Defence Against Fusarium Wilt in Banana","authors":"Yuqi Li, Yulin Hu, Weijun Xiao, Liu Yan, Junting Feng, Miaomiao Cao, Yanlin Si, Jinhan Lyu, Yankun Zhao, Kai Li, Yongzan Wei, Huigang Hu, Wei Li, Peitao Lü, Wei Wang, Zhenhai Han, Jianghui Xie","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70528","url":null,"abstract":"Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB), caused by <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> (<i>Foc</i>), threatens global banana production. Lignin reinforces cell walls against pathogens and lodging, yet its regulatory mechanisms in banana remain elusive. Through genome-wide association study (GWAS) of lignin content across 184 banana accessions, we identified <i>MaERF110</i> (encoding an AP2/ERF transcription factor) as a key negative regulator. Overexpression of <i>MaERF110</i> in banana and <i>Arabidopsis</i> significantly reduced lignin deposition, impaired plant structural integrity and enhanced susceptibility to <i>Foc</i> TR4. Integrative RNA-seq, yeast one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that MaERF110 directly binds the <i>MaMYB308</i> promoter and activates its transcription. <i>MaMYB308</i> overexpression similarly suppressed lignin biosynthesis genes and compromised disease resistance. Mechanistically, <i>MaERF110</i>-overexpression plants exhibited disrupted reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, with elevated H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and superoxide anion accumulation, reduced antioxidant enzyme activities and increased cell damage upon pathogen infection. We elucidate a MaERF110-MaMYB308 transcriptional module that represses lignin biosynthesis and disables lignin-mediated defence against <i>Foc</i> TR4. This pathway highlights dual roles for lignin in plant architecture and pathogen defence, providing targets for breeding resistant banana cultivars.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145903585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rowan A C Mitchell, Ondrej Kosik, Abdul Kader Alabdullah, Anneke Prins, Maria Oszvald, Till K Pellny, Jackie Freeman, Kirstie Halsey, Caroline A Sparks, Alison Huttly, James Brett, Michelle Leverington-Waite, Simon Griffiths, Peter R Shewry, Alison Lovegrove
Increasing dietary fibre (DF) intake is an important target to improve health. An attractive strategy for this is to increase DF in wheat which is derived principally from the endosperm cell wall polysaccharide arabinoxylan (AX). The water-extractable form of this (WE-AX) accounts for most soluble dietary fibre (SDF), which is believed to confer particular health benefits. A region of chromosome 6B in some wheat varieties confers high SDF and here we show that the cause is an allele encoding a peroxidase family protein with a single residue change (PER1-v) associated with high WE-AX, compared to the more common form (PER1). Both wheat lines carrying this natural PER1-v variant and those with an induced knockout mutation of PER1 showed reduced dimerization of endosperm ferulate consistent with a mechanism of decreased cross-linking in the cell wall that increases WE-AX. Transiently expressed PER1_RFP fusion protein driven by the native promoter in wheat endosperm was shown to localise to cell walls, whereas PER1-v_RFP did not. We therefore propose that PER1-v lacks the capacity to dimerise AX ferulate in vivo due to mis-localisation caused by the missense single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the PER1-v allele, so that the SNP acts as a perfect marker. This marker can be used to identify current wheat varieties with high WE-AX to be used by processors and by breeders to ensure future varieties have high WE-AX to make healthier wheat-based foods.
{"title":"A High Soluble-Fibre Allele in Wheat Encodes a Defective Cell Wall Peroxidase Responsible for Dimerization of Ferulate Moieties on Arabinoxylan.","authors":"Rowan A C Mitchell, Ondrej Kosik, Abdul Kader Alabdullah, Anneke Prins, Maria Oszvald, Till K Pellny, Jackie Freeman, Kirstie Halsey, Caroline A Sparks, Alison Huttly, James Brett, Michelle Leverington-Waite, Simon Griffiths, Peter R Shewry, Alison Lovegrove","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increasing dietary fibre (DF) intake is an important target to improve health. An attractive strategy for this is to increase DF in wheat which is derived principally from the endosperm cell wall polysaccharide arabinoxylan (AX). The water-extractable form of this (WE-AX) accounts for most soluble dietary fibre (SDF), which is believed to confer particular health benefits. A region of chromosome 6B in some wheat varieties confers high SDF and here we show that the cause is an allele encoding a peroxidase family protein with a single residue change (PER1-v) associated with high WE-AX, compared to the more common form (PER1). Both wheat lines carrying this natural PER1-v variant and those with an induced knockout mutation of PER1 showed reduced dimerization of endosperm ferulate consistent with a mechanism of decreased cross-linking in the cell wall that increases WE-AX. Transiently expressed PER1_RFP fusion protein driven by the native promoter in wheat endosperm was shown to localise to cell walls, whereas PER1-v_RFP did not. We therefore propose that PER1-v lacks the capacity to dimerise AX ferulate in vivo due to mis-localisation caused by the missense single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the PER1-v allele, so that the SNP acts as a perfect marker. This marker can be used to identify current wheat varieties with high WE-AX to be used by processors and by breeders to ensure future varieties have high WE-AX to make healthier wheat-based foods.</p>","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145891894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brandon A Boone, Bal Maharjan, Van C Nguyen, Jerry M Parks, Tomás A Rush, Carrie A Eckert, Jin-Gui Chen, Paul E Abraham, Xiaohan Yang
{"title":"Use of Split-Intein Proteins to Design a Small Molecule Biosensor in Plants.","authors":"Brandon A Boone, Bal Maharjan, Van C Nguyen, Jerry M Parks, Tomás A Rush, Carrie A Eckert, Jin-Gui Chen, Paul E Abraham, Xiaohan Yang","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70523","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145861705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wanying Zhang, Chengyang Song, Tianqi Wang, Xiulin Liu, Yisheng Fang, Zhu Yan, Yaxi Zhu, Na Zheng, Xiaofei Ma, Guochen Qin, Dan Zhu, Junchuan Xiao, Xing Wang Deng, Xiao Luo
Soybean is a critical source of protein and vegetable oil worldwide. Expanding its cultivation into salinity lands represents a promising strategy for increasing production; however, soil salinity severely limits soybean growth by disrupting physiological and metabolic homeostasis. Although beneficial endophytes can enhance plant stress adaptation, the molecular mechanisms by which they reprogram host responses under salinity remain poorly understood. In this study, we isolated Pseudomonas sp. 77S3 from salt‐tolerant wild soybean and demonstrated its exceptional ability to significantly improve growth and salt tolerance in cultivated soybean under salt stress, using both fresh and fermented formulations. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that 77S3 inoculation systemically reprograms gene expression and metabolic networks in soybean roots. Key to this reprogramming was the enhancement of nitrogen metabolism, orchestrated largely by the nitrate transporter NRT1.5, which facilitated nitrogen reallocation under stress. Functional studies using nrt1.5 knockdown lines confirmed that NRT1.5 is essential for 77S3‐mediated improvements in salt tolerance, ion homeostasis, root architecture remodelling, and carbon–nitrogen rebalancing. Additionally, 77S3 increased antioxidant capacity, modulated phytohormone signalling, particularly in auxin and ethylene pathways, and improved phosphorus and potassium solubilisation. These multi‐level adaptations collectively enhance salinity resilience in soybean. Our findings provide novel insights into the mechanistic basis of endophyte‐induced salt tolerance and support the use of Pseudomonas sp. 77S3 as a sustainable bioinoculant for soybean production in saline agriculture.
{"title":"Reprogramming of Gene Transcripts and Metabolites by the Wild Soybean Endophyte Pseudomonas sp. 77S3 Improves Soybean Salt Tolerance","authors":"Wanying Zhang, Chengyang Song, Tianqi Wang, Xiulin Liu, Yisheng Fang, Zhu Yan, Yaxi Zhu, Na Zheng, Xiaofei Ma, Guochen Qin, Dan Zhu, Junchuan Xiao, Xing Wang Deng, Xiao Luo","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70514","url":null,"abstract":"Soybean is a critical source of protein and vegetable oil worldwide. Expanding its cultivation into salinity lands represents a promising strategy for increasing production; however, soil salinity severely limits soybean growth by disrupting physiological and metabolic homeostasis. Although beneficial endophytes can enhance plant stress adaptation, the molecular mechanisms by which they reprogram host responses under salinity remain poorly understood. In this study, we isolated <jats:italic>Pseudomonas</jats:italic> sp. 77S3 from salt‐tolerant wild soybean and demonstrated its exceptional ability to significantly improve growth and salt tolerance in cultivated soybean under salt stress, using both fresh and fermented formulations. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that 77S3 inoculation systemically reprograms gene expression and metabolic networks in soybean roots. Key to this reprogramming was the enhancement of nitrogen metabolism, orchestrated largely by the nitrate transporter NRT1.5, which facilitated nitrogen reallocation under stress. Functional studies using <jats:italic>nrt1.5</jats:italic> knockdown lines confirmed that NRT1.5 is essential for 77S3‐mediated improvements in salt tolerance, ion homeostasis, root architecture remodelling, and carbon–nitrogen rebalancing. Additionally, 77S3 increased antioxidant capacity, modulated phytohormone signalling, particularly in auxin and ethylene pathways, and improved phosphorus and potassium solubilisation. These multi‐level adaptations collectively enhance salinity resilience in soybean. Our findings provide novel insights into the mechanistic basis of endophyte‐induced salt tolerance and support the use of <jats:italic>Pseudomonas</jats:italic> sp. 77S3 as a sustainable bioinoculant for soybean production in saline agriculture.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145847348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weixiang Wang, Senlin Xiao, Fan Que, Liang Le, Aiguo Su, Zhihuan Zhou, Xiangzhang Zhu, Yanbing Zhang, Liyu Shi, Tao Zhong, Haixia Zhang, Jinfeng Xing, Min Lu, Ruyang Zhang, Ronghuan Wang, Wei Song, Jiuran Zhao
{"title":"Maize Knows Friends or Foes? The Dark Side of Trichoderma asperellum as a Maize Ear Rot Pathogenic Fungus","authors":"Weixiang Wang, Senlin Xiao, Fan Que, Liang Le, Aiguo Su, Zhihuan Zhou, Xiangzhang Zhu, Yanbing Zhang, Liyu Shi, Tao Zhong, Haixia Zhang, Jinfeng Xing, Min Lu, Ruyang Zhang, Ronghuan Wang, Wei Song, Jiuran Zhao","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70489","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145847301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Min Li, Xiaoli Li, Yuting He, Chuang Li, Chaoheng Gu, Chengzhen Sun, Xiao Ma, Yan Geng, Siyu Hu, Lijie Han, Liu Liu, Ye Liu, Zhihan Liu, Daixi She, Zhaoyang Zhou, Xiaofei Song, Yupeng Pan, Liying Yan, Xiaolan Zhang, Jianyu Zhao
Fruit shape is an important external quality trait that directly determines the market value. Modification of fruit shape has emerged as a key focus in crop improvement, but the regulatory network of fruit shape specifications remains largely unknown. Here, we identified a short fruit mutant (sf5) that was caused by a C-to-T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in TONNEAU2 (CsTON2), a microtubule-associated gene encoding the B subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Overexpression of CsTON2 in the sf5 background partially rescued the mutant phenotype, while knockout of CsTON2 led to severe developmental defects and dwarfism. We further demonstrated that CsTON2 physically interacts with CsTRM5 and CsSUN, two key regulators of fruit shape in cucumber. The SNP change of CsTON2 in sf5 mutant impairs the interaction with CsTRM5 and CsSUN, and decreases the protein stability of CsSUN. Genetic analyses revealed that CsTON2, CsTRM5 and CsSUN coordinately regulate fruit shape development by modulating cell division direction in cucumber. Therefore, our findings shed insights into the role of microtubule-associated protein complex in fruit shape determination and provide new gene targets for breeding cucumber varieties with favourable fruit shapes.
{"title":"The Microtubule-Associated Protein CsTON2 Interacts With CsTRM5 and CsSUN to Regulate Fruit Shape Development in Cucumber.","authors":"Min Li, Xiaoli Li, Yuting He, Chuang Li, Chaoheng Gu, Chengzhen Sun, Xiao Ma, Yan Geng, Siyu Hu, Lijie Han, Liu Liu, Ye Liu, Zhihan Liu, Daixi She, Zhaoyang Zhou, Xiaofei Song, Yupeng Pan, Liying Yan, Xiaolan Zhang, Jianyu Zhao","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fruit shape is an important external quality trait that directly determines the market value. Modification of fruit shape has emerged as a key focus in crop improvement, but the regulatory network of fruit shape specifications remains largely unknown. Here, we identified a short fruit mutant (sf5) that was caused by a C-to-T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in TONNEAU2 (CsTON2), a microtubule-associated gene encoding the B subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Overexpression of CsTON2 in the sf5 background partially rescued the mutant phenotype, while knockout of CsTON2 led to severe developmental defects and dwarfism. We further demonstrated that CsTON2 physically interacts with CsTRM5 and CsSUN, two key regulators of fruit shape in cucumber. The SNP change of CsTON2 in sf5 mutant impairs the interaction with CsTRM5 and CsSUN, and decreases the protein stability of CsSUN. Genetic analyses revealed that CsTON2, CsTRM5 and CsSUN coordinately regulate fruit shape development by modulating cell division direction in cucumber. Therefore, our findings shed insights into the role of microtubule-associated protein complex in fruit shape determination and provide new gene targets for breeding cucumber varieties with favourable fruit shapes.</p>","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145852747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haixia Zeng, Wen Yao, Wenchao Yuan, Qingqian Zhou, Zhenyang Shua, Lixia Ku, Jianping Yang, Bo Zeng, Guizhen Liu, Jihua Tang, Zhiyuan Fu
{"title":"Genome Assemblies of the MY73 Parental Lines and Genetic Dissection of Its Superior Performance.","authors":"Haixia Zeng, Wen Yao, Wenchao Yuan, Qingqian Zhou, Zhenyang Shua, Lixia Ku, Jianping Yang, Bo Zeng, Guizhen Liu, Jihua Tang, Zhiyuan Fu","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70521","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145852676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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