Pub Date : 2022-04-13DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2022.2064954
S. Amkiss, Mohamed Bakha, O. Belmehdi, Fernando Carmona-Espinazo, J. López-Sáez, M. Idaomar
ABSTRACT Phytochemicals in the ethanol extract of Artemisia herba-alba were examined and evaluated for the antioxidant and cytotoxicity potential. The extraction was performed using an accelerated solvent extraction (ASE300), analyzed by GC-MS and the total phenolics was estimated by Folin–Ciocalteau method. The antioxidant activity of the extract was evaluated using three methods and its cytotoxicity was evaluated in-vitro on NCI-N417 tumor cell line using MTT test and flow cytometry. Twenty-one compounds were identified in the A. herba-alba extract, which was rich in phenolic compounds (248.56 ± 11.05 μg GAE mg−1 extract) and had antioxidant activity characterized by a high DPPH-radical-scavenging activity (IC50 = 69.01 ± 0.03 μg mL−1), inhibitory effect of β-carotene oxidation (95.75%±0.013), and reducing power (DO700nm = 0.751 ± 0.001). Ethanol extract from A. herba-alba demonstrated cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity.
{"title":"Antioxidant Activity and Polyphenols Content of Artemisia Herba-Alba Extract and their Cytotoxicity against Human Lung Cancer Cells NCI-N417","authors":"S. Amkiss, Mohamed Bakha, O. Belmehdi, Fernando Carmona-Espinazo, J. López-Sáez, M. Idaomar","doi":"10.1080/10496475.2022.2064954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10496475.2022.2064954","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Phytochemicals in the ethanol extract of Artemisia herba-alba were examined and evaluated for the antioxidant and cytotoxicity potential. The extraction was performed using an accelerated solvent extraction (ASE300), analyzed by GC-MS and the total phenolics was estimated by Folin–Ciocalteau method. The antioxidant activity of the extract was evaluated using three methods and its cytotoxicity was evaluated in-vitro on NCI-N417 tumor cell line using MTT test and flow cytometry. Twenty-one compounds were identified in the A. herba-alba extract, which was rich in phenolic compounds (248.56 ± 11.05 μg GAE mg−1 extract) and had antioxidant activity characterized by a high DPPH-radical-scavenging activity (IC50 = 69.01 ± 0.03 μg mL−1), inhibitory effect of β-carotene oxidation (95.75%±0.013), and reducing power (DO700nm = 0.751 ± 0.001). Ethanol extract from A. herba-alba demonstrated cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity.","PeriodicalId":35803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants","volume":"28 1","pages":"337 - 350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44271585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-08DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2022.2060400
I. Sagbo, M. van de Venter, T. Koekemoer, G. Bradley
ABSTRACT The potential antidiabetic mechanism of Brachylaena ilicifolia aqueous leaf extract was explored using target-directed in vitro screening. The potential of the extract for cytotoxicity and cell proliferation was evaluated using MTT assay in HepG2 cells and Crystal Violet assay in INS-1 cells. The effects of the extract on glucose uptake in liver cells (HepG2) and muscle cells (L6 myotubes) and the lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocyte were investigated. The inhibitory effects of the extract on α-amylase, α-glucosidase, pancreatic lipase and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) were also evaluated. The extract demonstrated a low level of toxicity in HepG2 cells with an IC50 value of 105.3 µg mL−1 while also inducing INS-1 cell proliferation at 25 µg mL−1. The treatment of HepG2 and L6 cells with the extract revealed glucose uptake up to 123% in HepG2 cells and 111% in L6 cells without toxicity to these cells. The plant extract had no effect against triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The extract had no effect on α-amylase, lipase and DPP-IV; however, it demonstrated weak effect against α-glucosidase activity. The findings observed support the traditional usage of B. ilicifolia in the treatment of diabetes, with possible mechanisms of action linked to the enhancement of glucose uptake and stimulation of pancreatic β cell proliferation.
{"title":"Exploring the Antidiabetic Mechanism of Brachylaena Ilicifolia Using Target Directed in Vitro Screening","authors":"I. Sagbo, M. van de Venter, T. Koekemoer, G. Bradley","doi":"10.1080/10496475.2022.2060400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10496475.2022.2060400","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The potential antidiabetic mechanism of Brachylaena ilicifolia aqueous leaf extract was explored using target-directed in vitro screening. The potential of the extract for cytotoxicity and cell proliferation was evaluated using MTT assay in HepG2 cells and Crystal Violet assay in INS-1 cells. The effects of the extract on glucose uptake in liver cells (HepG2) and muscle cells (L6 myotubes) and the lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocyte were investigated. The inhibitory effects of the extract on α-amylase, α-glucosidase, pancreatic lipase and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) were also evaluated. The extract demonstrated a low level of toxicity in HepG2 cells with an IC50 value of 105.3 µg mL−1 while also inducing INS-1 cell proliferation at 25 µg mL−1. The treatment of HepG2 and L6 cells with the extract revealed glucose uptake up to 123% in HepG2 cells and 111% in L6 cells without toxicity to these cells. The plant extract had no effect against triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The extract had no effect on α-amylase, lipase and DPP-IV; however, it demonstrated weak effect against α-glucosidase activity. The findings observed support the traditional usage of B. ilicifolia in the treatment of diabetes, with possible mechanisms of action linked to the enhancement of glucose uptake and stimulation of pancreatic β cell proliferation.","PeriodicalId":35803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants","volume":"28 1","pages":"309 - 323"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45839631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-04DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2022.2059732
D. Kebebe, F. G. Fufa, G. Zeleke, Mengistu Welde, S. Suleman
ABSTRACT This study aimed to gather and document information on medicinal plants used in Ethiopia using an ethnomedicinal survey. The survey identified 80 species of medicinal plants belonging to 39 botanical families by indigenous people in Gimbo and Didessa districts in the Southwest of Ethiopia for the treatment of 46 illnesses. The majority of medicinal plants used were herbs. Leaves were the principal part of the plant used for the preparation of herbal remedies and formulations. Most of the medicinal plants were obtained from the wild. The oral route was the most commonly used mode of administration of herbal medicine. Water and salt were the most frequently used excipients for the preparation of herbal remedies. Croton macrostachyus, Clerodendrum myricoides, Ocimun laminafollum, Phytolacca dodecandra, and Vernonia amygdalina were the most repeatedly claimed medicinal plants by the informants.
{"title":"Indigenous Knowledge of Medicinal Plants to Treat Human Illness in Gimbo and Didessa Districts in the Southwest of Ethiopia","authors":"D. Kebebe, F. G. Fufa, G. Zeleke, Mengistu Welde, S. Suleman","doi":"10.1080/10496475.2022.2059732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10496475.2022.2059732","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study aimed to gather and document information on medicinal plants used in Ethiopia using an ethnomedicinal survey. The survey identified 80 species of medicinal plants belonging to 39 botanical families by indigenous people in Gimbo and Didessa districts in the Southwest of Ethiopia for the treatment of 46 illnesses. The majority of medicinal plants used were herbs. Leaves were the principal part of the plant used for the preparation of herbal remedies and formulations. Most of the medicinal plants were obtained from the wild. The oral route was the most commonly used mode of administration of herbal medicine. Water and salt were the most frequently used excipients for the preparation of herbal remedies. Croton macrostachyus, Clerodendrum myricoides, Ocimun laminafollum, Phytolacca dodecandra, and Vernonia amygdalina were the most repeatedly claimed medicinal plants by the informants.","PeriodicalId":35803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants","volume":"28 1","pages":"293 - 308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45554195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2022.2058672
Pham Ha Thanh Tung, Tran Van on, Phung Thanh Huong
ABSTRACT Gymnema is a genus of the Apocynaceae with more than 50 species. Some of its species such as G. sylvestre and G. latifolium have been reported for their medicinal value. In this study, the genetic diversity of 20 samples of four species of Gymnema in Vietnam was evaluated using the Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and the internal transcribed spacer of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS-rDNA). Amplified bands obtained with primers UBC701, UBC709, and OPC4 were the highest polymorphic in RAPD analysis. The phylogenetic trees were built grouping the 20 samples into four clusters corresponding to the four Gymnema species according to morphological classification. A number of characteristic SNPs were identified for each species which can be used for authentication and differentiation. The results showed the consensus and usefulness of the two barcoding techniques in the molecular identification and characterization of the Gymnema genus.
{"title":"Assessment of Genetic Variation of the Genus Gymnema in Vietnam, Using RAPD and ITS-rDNA Markers","authors":"Pham Ha Thanh Tung, Tran Van on, Phung Thanh Huong","doi":"10.1080/10496475.2022.2058672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10496475.2022.2058672","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Gymnema is a genus of the Apocynaceae with more than 50 species. Some of its species such as G. sylvestre and G. latifolium have been reported for their medicinal value. In this study, the genetic diversity of 20 samples of four species of Gymnema in Vietnam was evaluated using the Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and the internal transcribed spacer of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS-rDNA). Amplified bands obtained with primers UBC701, UBC709, and OPC4 were the highest polymorphic in RAPD analysis. The phylogenetic trees were built grouping the 20 samples into four clusters corresponding to the four Gymnema species according to morphological classification. A number of characteristic SNPs were identified for each species which can be used for authentication and differentiation. The results showed the consensus and usefulness of the two barcoding techniques in the molecular identification and characterization of the Gymnema genus.","PeriodicalId":35803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants","volume":"28 1","pages":"281 - 292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45500560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Shankhapushpi (Clitoria ternatea) grown under polyhouse and open-field conditions were investigated for physicochemical parameters of their powdered samples, qualitative and quantitative analysis of phytochemicals, antioxidant capacities and development of chemical profiles using solvent extracts in methanol, hydroalcoholic and water. The two samples were similar in their physicochemical parameters except for the higher extractive yield from the open-field grown plants. Although the primary metabolites were equal in the polyhouse and field-grown, the secondary metabolites were higher in the polyhouse-grown plant samples. Methanolic extract of polyhouse-grown samples was richer in phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and triterpenoids than the open-field-grown ones. The DPPH radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing activity, and total antioxidant activity, values were higher in methanolic extract of polyhouse-grown plant sample. There was a positive correlation between phytochemicals and antioxidant capacities: in the polyhouse-grown samples the total phenol content correlated with DPPH assay, while in the open-field-grown plant samples it correlated with hydroxyl radical assay.
{"title":"Phytochemical Contents and in Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Aqueous, Hydroalcoholic and Methanolic Extracts of Shankhapushpi (Clitoria Ternatea. L) Plant Cultivated under Polyhouse and Open Field Conditions","authors":"Lijini Kanhoor Raju, Gayathri Kanhoor Mana, Sulaiman Cheruthazhakkatt, Sadheeshna Kumari Sarojini, I. Balachandran","doi":"10.1080/10496475.2022.2045662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10496475.2022.2045662","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Shankhapushpi (Clitoria ternatea) grown under polyhouse and open-field conditions were investigated for physicochemical parameters of their powdered samples, qualitative and quantitative analysis of phytochemicals, antioxidant capacities and development of chemical profiles using solvent extracts in methanol, hydroalcoholic and water. The two samples were similar in their physicochemical parameters except for the higher extractive yield from the open-field grown plants. Although the primary metabolites were equal in the polyhouse and field-grown, the secondary metabolites were higher in the polyhouse-grown plant samples. Methanolic extract of polyhouse-grown samples was richer in phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and triterpenoids than the open-field-grown ones. The DPPH radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing activity, and total antioxidant activity, values were higher in methanolic extract of polyhouse-grown plant sample. There was a positive correlation between phytochemicals and antioxidant capacities: in the polyhouse-grown samples the total phenol content correlated with DPPH assay, while in the open-field-grown plant samples it correlated with hydroxyl radical assay.","PeriodicalId":35803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants","volume":"28 1","pages":"217 - 236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48523234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-21DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2022.2053026
B. Pandey, Suman Prakash Pradhan, Prayon Joshi, K. Adhikari
ABSTRACT The flavonoids and phenolics contents, antioxidant potential, and enzymes (α-amylase, lipase, elastase, tyrosinase, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase) inhibition potential of leaf extracts from Elaeocarpus sphaericus, Santalum album, Pterocarpus santalinus, and Ziziphus budhensis collected from Ramechhap District of Nepal were evaluated. DPPH assay was used to determine the antioxidant potential, and the DNSA method was used to examine α-amylase inhibition activity. P-NPB, L-DOPA, AAAPVN, acetylthiocholine iodide, and butyrylthiocholine iodide were used as respective substrates for the determination of lipase, tyrosinase, elastase, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition activities. The crude extract of P. santalinus showed inhibitory potential against all enzymes, whereas E. sphaericus, S. album, and Z. budhensis extracts showed moderate inhibition activity. However, S. album did not inhibit lipase, elastase, and tyrosinase.
{"title":"Antioxidant and Enzymes Inhibitory Activities of Leaf Extracts of Plant Species Traditionally Used for Medicinal and Spiritual Purposes in Nepal","authors":"B. Pandey, Suman Prakash Pradhan, Prayon Joshi, K. Adhikari","doi":"10.1080/10496475.2022.2053026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10496475.2022.2053026","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The flavonoids and phenolics contents, antioxidant potential, and enzymes (α-amylase, lipase, elastase, tyrosinase, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase) inhibition potential of leaf extracts from Elaeocarpus sphaericus, Santalum album, Pterocarpus santalinus, and Ziziphus budhensis collected from Ramechhap District of Nepal were evaluated. DPPH assay was used to determine the antioxidant potential, and the DNSA method was used to examine α-amylase inhibition activity. P-NPB, L-DOPA, AAAPVN, acetylthiocholine iodide, and butyrylthiocholine iodide were used as respective substrates for the determination of lipase, tyrosinase, elastase, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition activities. The crude extract of P. santalinus showed inhibitory potential against all enzymes, whereas E. sphaericus, S. album, and Z. budhensis extracts showed moderate inhibition activity. However, S. album did not inhibit lipase, elastase, and tyrosinase.","PeriodicalId":35803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants","volume":"28 1","pages":"265 - 280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42763375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-10DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2022.2047866
Samee Wani, Z. Kaloo, Ajaz Hassan Ganie, M. Shah, B. A. Tali
ABSTRACT Phlomis cashmeriana (Lamiaceae) is an ornamental cum medicinal perennial herb endemic to Kashmir Himalaya. Two arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal inocula on post-transplanting performance of ‘in vitro’-raised P. cashmeriana plantlets were tested. The two AM fungal inocula consisted of two mono-specific cultures of Funneliformis geosporus and Acaulospora mellea applied in combination and one crude consortium of AM fungal spores isolated from rhizosphere soil of P. cashmeriana growing in natural habitat. Complete plantlets of P. cashmeriana were raised by direct and indirect organogenesis from leaf and node explants on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with various cytokinins and auxins. In vitro-raised plantlets responded to both the mycorrhizal treatments in a significantly different way. The inoculated plantlets fared significantly better than the un-inoculated ones in terms of the plant height, number of shoots etc. Among the two inocula tested, plantlets inoculated with the mixed consortium of AM fungi consistently performed better in terms of survival rate of plantlets (100%) and other parameters viz., plant height, number of shoots and roots per plant, number of leaves per plant, leaf area and biomass production. The study suggests the use of mixed consortium of AM fungi over mono-specific cultures for the sustainable cultivation and conservation of in vitro-raised P. cashmeriana – a medicinally important endemic plant species of Kashmir Himalaya. Therefore, this is easy to use AMF and also the present research can be extended to other such medicinally important plant species which require conservation and sustainable development.
{"title":"Micropropagation and Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Assisted Growth in Phlomis cashmeriana Royle ex Benth., an endemic medicinal herb of Kashmir Himalaya","authors":"Samee Wani, Z. Kaloo, Ajaz Hassan Ganie, M. Shah, B. A. Tali","doi":"10.1080/10496475.2022.2047866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10496475.2022.2047866","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Phlomis cashmeriana (Lamiaceae) is an ornamental cum medicinal perennial herb endemic to Kashmir Himalaya. Two arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal inocula on post-transplanting performance of ‘in vitro’-raised P. cashmeriana plantlets were tested. The two AM fungal inocula consisted of two mono-specific cultures of Funneliformis geosporus and Acaulospora mellea applied in combination and one crude consortium of AM fungal spores isolated from rhizosphere soil of P. cashmeriana growing in natural habitat. Complete plantlets of P. cashmeriana were raised by direct and indirect organogenesis from leaf and node explants on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with various cytokinins and auxins. In vitro-raised plantlets responded to both the mycorrhizal treatments in a significantly different way. The inoculated plantlets fared significantly better than the un-inoculated ones in terms of the plant height, number of shoots etc. Among the two inocula tested, plantlets inoculated with the mixed consortium of AM fungi consistently performed better in terms of survival rate of plantlets (100%) and other parameters viz., plant height, number of shoots and roots per plant, number of leaves per plant, leaf area and biomass production. The study suggests the use of mixed consortium of AM fungi over mono-specific cultures for the sustainable cultivation and conservation of in vitro-raised P. cashmeriana – a medicinally important endemic plant species of Kashmir Himalaya. Therefore, this is easy to use AMF and also the present research can be extended to other such medicinally important plant species which require conservation and sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":35803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants","volume":"28 1","pages":"237 - 264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44468672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-02DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2022.2045416
Arcadius Puwein, S. Thomas
ABSTRACT In vitro propagation using plant growth regulators (PGRs) was evaluated in Paris polyphylla. Thin cell layers (0.5–1 mm) of rhizomes (explants) were sliced and inoculated on half-strength MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium with 3% (w/v) sucrose and solidified with 0.3% (w/v) clerigel. In this medium, 50% of the explants were treated with (0.5 µg mL−1) activated charcoal (AC) and 50% without AC. The half strength MS medium was supplemented with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) either individually or in combinations with auxins. The optimal percentage (80%) of shoot response was induced by the synergistic action of BAP (0.5 µg mL−1) and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (0.2 µg mL−1) in the medium containing AC. After sub-culturing, the highest number (4.00 ± 1.00) of shoot buds per explant was achieved in the MS medium with AC, which was augmented with a combination of BAP (0.5 µg mL−1) and NAA (0.2 µg mL−1). The medium containing AC showed greater shoot induction than the non-AC medium. Up to 94.4% of the regenerated shoots successfully established in the greenhouse soil.
{"title":"Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on in Vitro Propagation of Paris Polyphylla","authors":"Arcadius Puwein, S. Thomas","doi":"10.1080/10496475.2022.2045416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10496475.2022.2045416","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In vitro propagation using plant growth regulators (PGRs) was evaluated in Paris polyphylla. Thin cell layers (0.5–1 mm) of rhizomes (explants) were sliced and inoculated on half-strength MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium with 3% (w/v) sucrose and solidified with 0.3% (w/v) clerigel. In this medium, 50% of the explants were treated with (0.5 µg mL−1) activated charcoal (AC) and 50% without AC. The half strength MS medium was supplemented with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) either individually or in combinations with auxins. The optimal percentage (80%) of shoot response was induced by the synergistic action of BAP (0.5 µg mL−1) and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (0.2 µg mL−1) in the medium containing AC. After sub-culturing, the highest number (4.00 ± 1.00) of shoot buds per explant was achieved in the MS medium with AC, which was augmented with a combination of BAP (0.5 µg mL−1) and NAA (0.2 µg mL−1). The medium containing AC showed greater shoot induction than the non-AC medium. Up to 94.4% of the regenerated shoots successfully established in the greenhouse soil.","PeriodicalId":35803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants","volume":"28 1","pages":"206 - 216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47243641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-23DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2022.2040684
S. Afrin, B. Goswami, S. Rahman, M. Bhuiyan, K. Shamima, N. C. Nandi
ABSTRACT The antimicrobial properties of Coriandrum sativum, Lactuca sativa, and Mentha spicata were examined using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique. Among the solvents used for extraction, methanol, acetone, and n-hexane extracts were effective against antibiotic resistant microbes. The highest inhibition zone (17.0 ± 0.5 mm) was noted for the methanol extract of C. sativum against Bacillus cereus and the lowest zone of inhibition (7.0 ± 0.7 mm) was observed for the aqueous extract of M. spicata against E. coli. Methanol extracts from the three plants inhibited mycelial growth of tested fungi particularly for Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp.. The methanol extract of these plants had minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values ranging from 200 to 400 mg mL−1, 300 to 500 mg mL−1, and 400 to 500 mg mL−1, respectively.
{"title":"Antimicrobial Potential of Coriandrum Sativum, Lactuca Sativa and Mentha Spicata against Antibiotic Resistant Microorganisms","authors":"S. Afrin, B. Goswami, S. Rahman, M. Bhuiyan, K. Shamima, N. C. Nandi","doi":"10.1080/10496475.2022.2040684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10496475.2022.2040684","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The antimicrobial properties of Coriandrum sativum, Lactuca sativa, and Mentha spicata were examined using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique. Among the solvents used for extraction, methanol, acetone, and n-hexane extracts were effective against antibiotic resistant microbes. The highest inhibition zone (17.0 ± 0.5 mm) was noted for the methanol extract of C. sativum against Bacillus cereus and the lowest zone of inhibition (7.0 ± 0.7 mm) was observed for the aqueous extract of M. spicata against E. coli. Methanol extracts from the three plants inhibited mycelial growth of tested fungi particularly for Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp.. The methanol extract of these plants had minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values ranging from 200 to 400 mg mL−1, 300 to 500 mg mL−1, and 400 to 500 mg mL−1, respectively.","PeriodicalId":35803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants","volume":"28 1","pages":"193 - 205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45690910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-18DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2022.2035476
David Sylvester Kacholi, Halima Mvungi Amir
ABSTRACT Medicinal plants used by traditional healers (THs) in managing gonorrhea and syphilis in Urambo District, Tabora Region, Tanzania, were documented. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to gather information on the use of medicinal plants. The findings revealed that 33 medicinal plants belonging to 18 families were used by the THs to manage gonorrhea and/or syphilis in Urambo District. Among the listed plants, Ximenia caffra, Friesodielsia obovata and Clerodendrum myricoides were frequently used by THs to manage gonorrhea while Ozoroa reticulata, Catunaregam spinosa, Annona senegalensis and Aloe vera were used to manage syphilis. Cassia abreviata, Strychnos spinosa, Strychnos potatorum and Entanda abyssinica were frequently used for the management of both ailments. Five species namely Oldfieldia dactylophylla, Flaucortia indica, Strophanthus eminii, Musa sapeintum and Phyllanthus engleri were recorded for the first time in the country’s ethnobotanical literature as a treatment of STIs. Many of the recorded plants also possessed antimicrobial properties.
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