L’objet de la presente etude est l’oeuvre de traduction des erudits grecs ayant occupe les fonctions de professeur de philologie classique a l’Universite Othonienne. Cette activite est tout d’abord reliee dans une grande mesure aux besoins de l’enseignement des auteurs de l’antiquite greco-latine dans les etablissements de l’education nationale. Mais on s’apercoit que ces traductions, s’eloignant au fil du temps de leur fonction strictement didactique, font progressivement place a des publications qui s’adressent plus largement a un lectorat lettre, mais aussi a des editions dont le caractere scientifique est plus marque qu’auparavant lors de leur transposition en grec.
{"title":"Transferts culturels et spécialistes de philologie classique. L’oeuvre de traduction des professeurs de l’Université Othonienne au cours du xixe siècle","authors":"Sophia Matthaiou","doi":"10.12681/hr.8802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hr.8802","url":null,"abstract":"L’objet de la presente etude est l’oeuvre de traduction des erudits grecs ayant occupe les fonctions de professeur de philologie classique a l’Universite Othonienne. Cette activite est tout d’abord reliee dans une grande mesure aux besoins de l’enseignement des auteurs de l’antiquite greco-latine dans les etablissements de l’education nationale. Mais on s’apercoit que ces traductions, s’eloignant au fil du temps de leur fonction strictement didactique, font progressivement place a des publications qui s’adressent plus largement a un lectorat lettre, mais aussi a des editions dont le caractere scientifique est plus marque qu’auparavant lors de leur transposition en grec.","PeriodicalId":40645,"journal":{"name":"Historical Review-La Revue Historique","volume":"342 1","pages":"75-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76387033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
La formation progressive de la litterature pour la jeunesse en Grece pendant le XIXe siecle est principalement fondee sur les textes qui circulaient en Europe et reflete les tendances culturelles europeennes, tout comme il s’est passe avec les autres categories litteraires pour adultes. La production grecque originale, qui se situe aux deux dernieres decennies du XIXe siecle, emerge des traductions abondantes anterieures des oeuvres etrangeres et puisa dans leurs libres paraphrases et leurs adaptations selon la realite culturelle grecque. Ces adaptations drastiques des originaux, tout a fait legitimes quant a la deontologie litteraire de l’epoque, presupposent des traducteurs–createurs tres actifs dans le processus de l’ecriture; elles presupposent donc la re-creation du texte original, presque son eclatement en vue de son adaptation conceptuelle, sociale et culturelle aux realites du pays. La litterature pour la jeunesse donc pendant le XIXe siecle et jusqu’en 1880 est principalement traduite du francais, mais aussi de l’allemand et de l’anglais et reflete les concepts et les modeles pedagogiques ainsi que les mouvements intellectuels europeens. Les lectures pour la jeunesse, des traductions dans leur grande majorite, revelent les transferts culturels particuliers sur lesquels s’est fondee la formation de l’identite culturelle et nationale grecque. En meme temps, elles arriverent a creer une longue tradition editoriale et textuelle, qui, dans un certain sens, reflete egalement la production originale grecque.
{"title":"Lectures pour enfants. Productions originales et traductions au XIXe siècle en Grèce","authors":"O. Polycandrioti","doi":"10.12681/hr.8803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hr.8803","url":null,"abstract":"La formation progressive de la litterature pour la jeunesse en Grece pendant le XIXe siecle est principalement fondee sur les textes qui circulaient en Europe et reflete les tendances culturelles europeennes, tout comme il s’est passe avec les autres categories litteraires pour adultes. La production grecque originale, qui se situe aux deux dernieres decennies du XIXe siecle, emerge des traductions abondantes anterieures des oeuvres etrangeres et puisa dans leurs libres paraphrases et leurs adaptations selon la realite culturelle grecque. Ces adaptations drastiques des originaux, tout a fait legitimes quant a la deontologie litteraire de l’epoque, presupposent des traducteurs–createurs tres actifs dans le processus de l’ecriture; elles presupposent donc la re-creation du texte original, presque son eclatement en vue de son adaptation conceptuelle, sociale et culturelle aux realites du pays. La litterature pour la jeunesse donc pendant le XIXe siecle et jusqu’en 1880 est principalement traduite du francais, mais aussi de l’allemand et de l’anglais et reflete les concepts et les modeles pedagogiques ainsi que les mouvements intellectuels europeens. Les lectures pour la jeunesse, des traductions dans leur grande majorite, revelent les transferts culturels particuliers sur lesquels s’est fondee la formation de l’identite culturelle et nationale grecque. En meme temps, elles arriverent a creer une longue tradition editoriale et textuelle, qui, dans un certain sens, reflete egalement la production originale grecque.","PeriodicalId":40645,"journal":{"name":"Historical Review-La Revue Historique","volume":"56 1","pages":"101-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76911839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Village halls [Romanian: cămine culturale] appeared in many European countries and elsewhere as early as the nineteenth century and multiplied in the twentieth. The presence of these institutions in the rural world, despite obvious differences in their goals and activities, demonstrates a general interest in the cultural development of villages, as well as the emergence and growth of leisure practices amongst peasants. This essay is not a study of the history of village halls; rather, it focuses on the changes that this institution underwent in the early years of the communist regime in Romania. It analyses how communists transformed the village hall into a place of propaganda under the guise of “cultural work”. The study starts from the premise that communist propaganda deliberately did not distinguish between “political work” and “cultural work”. At the end of the 1940s and the beginning of the 1950s, the village hall became the communist regime’s central venue for disseminating political and cultural propaganda.
{"title":"Romanian Village Halls in the Early 1950s: Between Cultural and Political Propaganda","authors":"S. Radu","doi":"10.12681/HR.8808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/HR.8808","url":null,"abstract":"Village halls [Romanian: cămine culturale] appeared in many European countries and elsewhere as early as the nineteenth century and multiplied in the twentieth. The presence of these institutions in the rural world, despite obvious differences in their goals and activities, demonstrates a general interest in the cultural development of villages, as well as the emergence and growth of leisure practices amongst peasants. This essay is not a study of the history of village halls; rather, it focuses on the changes that this institution underwent in the early years of the communist regime in Romania. It analyses how communists transformed the village hall into a place of propaganda under the guise of “cultural work”. The study starts from the premise that communist propaganda deliberately did not distinguish between “political work” and “cultural work”. At the end of the 1940s and the beginning of the 1950s, the village hall became the communist regime’s central venue for disseminating political and cultural propaganda.","PeriodicalId":40645,"journal":{"name":"Historical Review-La Revue Historique","volume":"87 1","pages":"229-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73879671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this article is to unfold and analyze the view of America held by John Gennadius [Ioannis Gennadios], one of the most important diplomats of nineteenthcentury Greece. Having spent most of his life in England as a member of the Greek legation, which he served for more than 20 years, Gennadius was influenced by the ongoing British discussion of the “American miracle”. His perception was, however, fostered during two visits to America, a professional one (1888) and a private one (1893-1894). He was involved in American political life as the official negotiator of the Greek government, but also enjoyed the culture, witnessed the wealth and the galloping development and made many acquaintances. All of this made an impression on him. He commented on the importance of British influence on American civilization, acknowledged the material and intellectual progress of its people and foresaw the potential of its thriving economy in world politics.
{"title":"Nineteenth-century America through the Eyes of John Gennadius","authors":"M. Christopoulos","doi":"10.12681/HR.8806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/HR.8806","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to unfold and analyze the view of America held by John Gennadius [Ioannis Gennadios], one of the most important diplomats of nineteenthcentury Greece. Having spent most of his life in England as a member of the Greek legation, which he served for more than 20 years, Gennadius was influenced by the ongoing British discussion of the “American miracle”. His perception was, however, fostered during two visits to America, a professional one (1888) and a private one (1893-1894). He was involved in American political life as the official negotiator of the Greek government, but also enjoyed the culture, witnessed the wealth and the galloping development and made many acquaintances. All of this made an impression on him. He commented on the importance of British influence on American civilization, acknowledged the material and intellectual progress of its people and foresaw the potential of its thriving economy in world politics.","PeriodicalId":40645,"journal":{"name":"Historical Review-La Revue Historique","volume":"29 1","pages":"199-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90116336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article examines representations of Byzantium in Modern Greek historical thought, from the first translation (1767) of the Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae to the publication of Konstantinos Paparrigopoulos’ complete Ἱστορία τοῦ Ἑλληνικού Ἔθνους [History of the Greek nation (1860-1874)]. In doing so, it reassesses conventions, especially prevalent in English-language works, regarding the range and complexity of endeavors in this vein. Developments in European thought are used throughout as a vantage point, as they represent a contingency of great importance for any assessment of Greek attitudes toward the past. However, these influences did not always point in one direction; a factor which, in tandem with local generational and ideological divisions, helps to explain the diverse perspectives on Byzantium in Greek works from the period under review.
本文考察了拜占庭在现代希腊历史思想中的表现，从《拜占庭历史手稿大全》(Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae)的第一个译本(1767年)到Konstantinos Paparrigopoulos的完整著作Ἱστο α το οἙλληνικο οἜθ ο ο ς[希腊民族历史(1860-1874年)]的出版。在这样做的过程中，它重新评估了传统，特别是在英语作品中普遍存在的，关于这方面努力的范围和复杂性。欧洲思想的发展在整个过程中都被用作一个有利位置，因为它们代表了对任何评估希腊对过去的态度都非常重要的偶然性。然而，这些影响并不总是指向一个方向;这一因素与当地的代际和意识形态分歧相结合，有助于解释从所审查的时期希腊作品中对拜占庭的不同看法。
{"title":"Byzantine Turns in Modern Greek Thought and Historiography, 1767-1874","authors":"Dean Kostantaras","doi":"10.12681/HR.8805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/HR.8805","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines representations of Byzantium in Modern Greek historical thought, from the first translation (1767) of the Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae to the publication of Konstantinos Paparrigopoulos’ complete Ἱστορία τοῦ Ἑλληνικού Ἔθνους [History of the Greek nation (1860-1874)]. In doing so, it reassesses conventions, especially prevalent in English-language works, regarding the range and complexity of endeavors in this vein. Developments in European thought are used throughout as a vantage point, as they represent a contingency of great importance for any assessment of Greek attitudes toward the past. However, these influences did not always point in one direction; a factor which, in tandem with local generational and ideological divisions, helps to explain the diverse perspectives on Byzantium in Greek works from the period under review.","PeriodicalId":40645,"journal":{"name":"Historical Review-La Revue Historique","volume":"131 11 1","pages":"163-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79612303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Les traductions grecques, liees a l’apprentissage des langues et a un tournant vers la connaissance du monde exterieur, voient leur nombre augmenter au cours du xviiie siecle et leur importance s’accroitre progressivement comme vehicules des idees nouvelles venues de l’Europe qui, dans la conscience des Grecs, constitue le lieu des Lumieres et de la liberte. La premiere phase du mouvement de liberation grec coincide avec le retentissement des idees de la Revolution francaise et s’exprime par le transfert en grec d’ouvrages revolutionnaires, philosophiques mais aussi litteraires qui renforcent chez les Grecs l’idee de la liberte et de la vertu ancestrale, accomplissant ainsi leur “revolution morale”. Cette periode de la maturation des Lumieres neohelleniques entretient un rapport etroit avec le mouvement des Ideologues, qui demeurent fermement attaches aux principes de liberte et d’egalite. Au cours de la Revolution grecque, au moment ou en Europe domine la Sainte Alliance, on traduit des brochures philhellenes ainsi que des textes de constitutions, des ouvrages de politique et de philosophie, qui sont destines a servir comme modele a la conduite de la Revolution, aux besoins de l’administration, a l’education du citoyen et a la formation future de l’Etat grec.
{"title":"Transfert des idées par la voie de la traduction pendant l’ère révolutionnaire grecque (1797-1832)","authors":"Alexandra Sfoini","doi":"10.12681/HR.8801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/HR.8801","url":null,"abstract":"Les traductions grecques, liees a l’apprentissage des langues et a un tournant vers la connaissance du monde exterieur, voient leur nombre augmenter au cours du xviiie siecle et leur importance s’accroitre progressivement comme vehicules des idees nouvelles venues de l’Europe qui, dans la conscience des Grecs, constitue le lieu des Lumieres et de la liberte. La premiere phase du mouvement de liberation grec coincide avec le retentissement des idees de la Revolution francaise et s’exprime par le transfert en grec d’ouvrages revolutionnaires, philosophiques mais aussi litteraires qui renforcent chez les Grecs l’idee de la liberte et de la vertu ancestrale, accomplissant ainsi leur “revolution morale”. Cette periode de la maturation des Lumieres neohelleniques entretient un rapport etroit avec le mouvement des Ideologues, qui demeurent fermement attaches aux principes de liberte et d’egalite. Au cours de la Revolution grecque, au moment ou en Europe domine la Sainte Alliance, on traduit des brochures philhellenes ainsi que des textes de constitutions, des ouvrages de politique et de philosophie, qui sont destines a servir comme modele a la conduite de la Revolution, aux besoins de l’administration, a l’education du citoyen et a la formation future de l’Etat grec.","PeriodicalId":40645,"journal":{"name":"Historical Review-La Revue Historique","volume":"132 11 1","pages":"47-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82949451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L’etude des traductions est essentielle pour eclairer la genealogie de la transmission des idees et des theories politiques. L’article tente de comprendre les enjeux politiques et strategiques de la traduction sous la Revolution francaise, notamment celle des textes republicains de la premiere revolution anglaise. Quand et pourquoi les concepts developpes en leur temps par les theoriciens du Commonwealth prennent-ils une nouvelle actualite en 1789? Comment et dans quelles circonstances les traducteurs se reapproprientils ces textes pour agir sur le cours des choses? Le but est de depasser l’analyse en termes de transfert et d’influence d’une tradition pour s’interesser au contexte de reception, a l’agenda politique des traducteurs et a l’epreuve de la traduction dans un etat donne de la langue. Comment ces textes s’inserent-t-ils dans le contexte intellectuel et les conventions argumentatives du moment? Dans quelle mesure ces traductions ont-elles ete des outils de l’innovation politique?
{"title":"Les enjeux de la traduction sous la Révolution française. La transmission des textes du républicanisme anglais","authors":"Raymonde Monnier","doi":"10.12681/HR.8800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/HR.8800","url":null,"abstract":"L’etude des traductions est essentielle pour eclairer la genealogie de la transmission des idees et des theories politiques. L’article tente de comprendre les enjeux politiques et strategiques de la traduction sous la Revolution francaise, notamment celle des textes republicains de la premiere revolution anglaise. Quand et pourquoi les concepts developpes en leur temps par les theoriciens du Commonwealth prennent-ils une nouvelle actualite en 1789? Comment et dans quelles circonstances les traducteurs se reapproprientils ces textes pour agir sur le cours des choses? Le but est de depasser l’analyse en termes de transfert et d’influence d’une tradition pour s’interesser au contexte de reception, a l’agenda politique des traducteurs et a l’epreuve de la traduction dans un etat donne de la langue. Comment ces textes s’inserent-t-ils dans le contexte intellectuel et les conventions argumentatives du moment? Dans quelle mesure ces traductions ont-elles ete des outils de l’innovation politique?","PeriodicalId":40645,"journal":{"name":"Historical Review-La Revue Historique","volume":"154 1","pages":"13-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79705979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this paper is to examine the process of transformation of Greek conservatism that evolved during the dictatorship from a current identified with the restrictive practices of the post-Civil War political system to a tenet of the democratic regime established in 1974. The realization that the military coup was not just the manifestation of anti-communism, the dominant ideology of the post-Civil War period, but also of an anti-parliamentary spirit permeating the armed forces, the prolongation of military rule that led to the crystallization of differences between the military regime and the conservative political class and an apprehension that the dictatorship might fuel uncontrollable social and political polarization are three inter-related factors that explain this transformation.
{"title":"The Search for an Exit from the Dictatorship and the Transformation of Greek Conservatism, 1967-1974","authors":"Sotiris Rizas","doi":"10.12681/HR.331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/HR.331","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to examine the process of transformation of Greek conservatism that evolved during the dictatorship from a current identified with the restrictive practices of the post-Civil War political system to a tenet of the democratic regime established in 1974. The realization that the military coup was not just the manifestation of anti-communism, the dominant ideology of the post-Civil War period, but also of an anti-parliamentary spirit permeating the armed forces, the prolongation of military rule that led to the crystallization of differences between the military regime and the conservative political class and an apprehension that the dictatorship might fuel uncontrollable social and political polarization are three inter-related factors that explain this transformation.","PeriodicalId":40645,"journal":{"name":"Historical Review-La Revue Historique","volume":"54 1","pages":"9-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2014-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75006145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andreas Papandreou’s exile politics, following his December 1967 release from Averoff Prison, have stereotypically been seen as simply adopting the neo-Marxist ideologies associated with the Third World national liberation movements of the era. In narrating the initial evolution of his views on the “Greek Question” in exile, this study attempts to surface the underlying dynamics responsible for radicalizing his politics in that direction. Those dynamics reflect, on the one hand, the relentless will-to-action informing Papandreou’s political persona and, on the other, the political upheavals, headlined by the protest movement against the US war in Vietnam, in which his politics were enmeshed.
{"title":"Andreas Papandreou’s Exile Politics: The First Phase (1968-1970)","authors":"Stan Draenos","doi":"10.12681/HR.332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/HR.332","url":null,"abstract":"Andreas Papandreou’s exile politics, following his December 1967 release from Averoff Prison, have stereotypically been seen as simply adopting the neo-Marxist ideologies associated with the Third World national liberation movements of the era. In narrating the initial evolution of his views on the “Greek Question” in exile, this study attempts to surface the underlying dynamics responsible for radicalizing his politics in that direction. Those dynamics reflect, on the one hand, the relentless will-to-action informing Papandreou’s political persona and, on the other, the political upheavals, headlined by the protest movement against the US war in Vietnam, in which his politics were enmeshed.","PeriodicalId":40645,"journal":{"name":"Historical Review-La Revue Historique","volume":"22 1","pages":"35-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2014-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88766711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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