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Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Caracas Conference on Devices, Circuits and Systems (Cat. No.02TH8611)最新文献

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Speech enhancement based on nonlinear spectral subtraction 基于非线性谱减法的语音增强
J. Poruba
The spectral subtraction method is the most suitable technique for the elimination of stationary noise from degraded speech signal. In this article the basic principles of nonlinear spectral subtraction are described, which optimise the subtractive factor in dependence on input-degraded speech signal. In this way the undesirable musical noise remainder can be suppressed, which rises after a spectral subtraction. The obtained results are computed with the standard spectral subtraction method.
谱减法是消除退化语音信号中平稳噪声最合适的方法。本文描述了非线性谱减法的基本原理,该方法可以优化依赖于输入退化语音信号的减法因子。通过这种方式,可以抑制谱减法后上升的不希望的音乐噪声余数。所得结果用标准谱减法进行了计算。
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引用次数: 14
Characterisation of micro-controller electromagnetic emission: models for an international standard 微控制器电磁发射特性:国际标准模型
S. Ben Dhia, S. Baffreau, S. Calvet, E. Sicard
Following the scale down of integrated circuit technology and the continuous shift toward very high frequencies, the electromagnetic compatibility problems at IC level have recently risen in importance. To predict the electromagnetic behaviour of equipment it is necessary to model IC interface switching and its internal activities. Accurate IC modeling is necessary to realise electromagnetic behaviour simulation. This document describes a conducted mode parasitic emission model for complex IC internal activities. The authors compare conducted emission measurements on a micro-controller with simulations using the proposed model. This model describes more accurately the electromagnetic emissions of electronic equipment by taking into account the influence of internal activities. In order to validate the predicted core activity methodologies, the authors plan to conduct some internal measurements thanks to an on chip sampling technique.
随着集成电路技术的规模缩小和向高频的不断转变,集成电路级的电磁兼容性问题最近变得越来越重要。为了预测设备的电磁行为,有必要对集成电路接口开关及其内部活动进行建模。精确的集成电路建模是实现电磁行为仿真的必要条件。本文描述了复杂集成电路内部活动的传导模式寄生发射模型。作者比较了在微控制器上进行的发射测量与使用所提出的模型进行的模拟。该模型考虑了内部活动的影响,更准确地描述了电子设备的电磁辐射。为了验证预测的核心活动方法,作者计划利用芯片采样技术进行一些内部测量。
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引用次数: 5
Fabrication and characteristics of high speed implant-confined, index-guided, lateral-current, 850 nm vertical cavity surface emitting lasers 高速注入受限、折射率导向、横向电流、850 nm垂直腔面发射激光器的制备与特性
G. Dang, R. Mehandru, B. Luo, F. Ren, W. Hobson, J. Lopata, M. Tayahi, S. Chu, S. Pearton, W. Chang, H. Shen
Process technology of high-speed implant-apertured, index-guide, lateral-current-injection, dielectric-mirror GaAs quantum well vertical cavity surface emitting lasers has been developed. Oxygen and helium implantation for aperture definition and extrinsic capacitance reduction, dielectric mirror formation, p- and n-ohmic contact formation, were investigated. GaAs/AlGaAs based 850 nm VCSELs with small signal modulation bandwidths up to 11.5 Gb/s and an eye diagram generated at 12 Gb/s by a pseudorandom bit sequence (PRBS) of 231-1 were achieved. The with bit-error rates were below 10-13. The threshold current is as low as 0.8 mA for 7 mm diameter current apertures and typical slope efficiencies of 0.45-0.5 mA/mW are obtained for output mirror reflectivity of 99.5%.
发展了高速注入孔径、折射率导向、侧向注入电流、介电镜GaAs量子阱垂直腔面发射激光器的工艺技术。研究了氧气和氦气注入对孔径定义和外部电容减小、介电镜形成、p欧姆和n欧姆接触形成的影响。基于GaAs/AlGaAs的850 nm vcsel具有高达11.5 Gb/s的小信号调制带宽,并实现了由231-1伪随机比特序列(PRBS)以12 Gb/s的速度生成的眼图。误码率在10 ~ 13之间。对于直径为7mm的电流孔,阈值电流低至0.8 mA,输出反射镜反射率为99.5%,斜率效率为0.45-0.5 mA/mW。
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引用次数: 15
Standardizing call control in Voice over Internet applications: a MGCP approach Internet语音应用中呼叫控制的标准化:MGCP方法
G. Gopalakrishnan, J. Leffew, S. Shreinivasan, W. Moreno
This paper will discuss a new approach to standardize call control in Voice over the Internet applications. Voice over the Internet applications are the latest commodities in the technology world and people with related expertise are working to make the system more efficient with respect to both the quality of service and the economic point of view. The major problem currently facing solution providers for Voice over the Internet applications is the lack of interoperability. That is the Voice over the Internet Protocol (VoIP) system of one provider is not compliant with that of another. The reason the providers need to be in compliance is that if more gateways are able to communicate with each other more connectivity is achieved. Greater connectivity, in turn, reduces the cost for the users. It is with interoperability in mind that people started the development of the Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) where the ultimate goal is to make all products compatible. The Media Gateway Control Protocol is a messaging protocol that specifies the way in which a call agent and the gateways communicate with one another. The basic implementation of the MGCP protocol is composed of two modules the call agent, which is also known as the Gatekeeper and the gateway.
本文将讨论一种新的方法来标准化互联网语音应用中的呼叫控制。互联网上的语音应用是科技界的最新产品,具有相关专业知识的人员正在努力使该系统在服务质量和经济效益两方面都更有效率。目前互联网语音应用的解决方案提供商面临的主要问题是缺乏互操作性。也就是说,一个供应商的VoIP (Voice over the Internet Protocol)系统与另一个供应商的不兼容。提供者需要遵守的原因是,如果更多的网关能够相互通信,则可以实现更多的连接。更强的连接性反过来又降低了用户的成本。正是考虑到互操作性,人们开始开发媒体网关控制协议(MGCP),其最终目标是使所有产品兼容。媒体网关控制协议是一种消息传递协议,它指定了呼叫代理和网关相互通信的方式。MGCP协议的基本实现由呼叫代理(也称为Gatekeeper)和网关两个模块组成。
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引用次数: 1
Amorphous Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x//p-type-Si Schottky barrier infrared photon detector 非晶Si/sub - 1-x/Ge/sub -x/ p型Si肖特基势垒红外光子探测器
R. Salazar, A. Jacome
In this work a new Schottky barrier infrared detector (SBIRD) is presented. The barrier is formed by means of a layer of a-Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x/:H,F deposited by means of (plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition) PECVD on p-type silicon. The barrier height of the system was estimated from I-V, I-V-T and internal photoemission measurements, and showed a value of 0.2 eV at 77 K. When the SBIRD was operated at 77 K, it showed a cut-off wavelength of /spl sim/6 /spl mu/m. The responsivity and quantum efficiency as a function of the wavelength are compared with SBIRDs which use Pd/sub 2/Si and PtSi on p-type silicon to form the Schottky barrier.
本文介绍了一种新型肖特基势垒红外探测器(SBIRD)。通过(等离子体增强化学气相沉积)PECVD在p型硅上沉积a- si /sub - 1-x/Ge/sub -x/:H,F层形成屏障。系统的势垒高度由I-V、I-V- t和内部光发射测量得到,在77 K时势垒高度为0.2 eV。当SBIRD在77 K下工作时,其截止波长为/spl sim/6 /spl mu/m。与在p型硅上使用Pd/sub /Si和PtSi形成肖特基势垒的SBIRDs相比,其响应率和量子效率随波长的变化进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
On the application of multimedia in control and automation 多媒体技术在控制与自动化中的应用
R. Moller
The degree of machine automation is continuously increasing, because computer technology, control software, telecommunication technology and visualization systems are also continuously improved. This makes the use of new multimedia techniques for reading, communication and presentation of machine or process data possible, even over far distances. Multimedia communication is becoming a technology of growing importance for user interfaces in automation and process control. Think of acoustic and visual data obtained from microphones or cameras applied to a certain automated system. They can be simply used and understood as a new brand of sensors or actuators that are part of a process control unit. Supervising and monitoring of certain process states is simplified, if the operator can "see" and "hear" the real process. Technical aspects concerning types, quality and speed of multimedia data communication will be discussed and especially viewed for an implementation in automated systems.
由于计算机技术、控制软件、电信技术和可视化系统的不断改进,机器自动化程度不断提高。这使得使用新的多媒体技术来阅读、交流和展示机器或过程数据成为可能,即使是在很远的距离上。多媒体通信技术对自动化和过程控制中的用户界面越来越重要。想想从应用于某个自动化系统的麦克风或摄像机获得的声学和视觉数据。它们可以简单地使用和理解为一个新的品牌的传感器或执行器,是过程控制单元的一部分。如果操作员能够“看到”和“听到”真实的过程,则简化了对某些过程状态的监督和监控。有关多媒体数据通信的类型、质量和速度的技术方面将被讨论,特别是在自动化系统的实施方面。
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引用次数: 2
Effects of positive gate bias stressing and subsequent recovery treatment in power VDMOSFETs 功率vdmosfet中正栅极偏置应力和后续恢复处理的影响
N. Stojadinovic, I. Manic, S. Djoric-Veljkovic, V. Davidovic, S. Golubovic, S. Dimitrijev
The effects of positive gate bias stressing and subsequent recovery treatment on threshold voltage and channel carrier mobility of power VDMOSFETs and the underlying changes in gate oxide-trapped charge and interface trap densities are presented and analysed in terms of the mechanisms responsible. Positive gate bias stress caused significant positive threshold voltage shift and mobility reduction in power VDMOSFETs, while their subsequent recovery treatment resulted into almost completely recovered threshold voltage and only partially recovered mobility. As for the mobility, it was still more than 40% below the initial value and could not be completely recovered by any additional treatment. Tunneling mechanisms associated with gate oxide traps are proposed as the dominant mechanisms responsible for buildup of positive oxide-trapped charge (electron tunneling from neutral oxide traps into the oxide conduction band) and interface traps (subsequent hole tunneling from the charged oxide traps to interface-trap precursors) during the stressing. Mechanisms related to a presence of hydrogen species are proposed as the main mechanisms responsible for decrease in densities of oxide-trapped charge (interface trap passivation due to their reaction with hydrogen atoms) and interface traps (hydrogen molecule cracking at charged oxide traps) during the recovery treatment. The effects of pre-irradiation positive gate bias stress on radiation response of power VDMOSFETs are also presented. Larger irradiation induced threshold voltage shift and mobility reduction in stressed devices are observed, clearly demonstrating inapplicability of gate bias stressing for radiation hardening of power VDMOSFETs.
提出并分析了正极偏置应力和随后的恢复处理对功率vdmosfet的阈值电压和沟道载流子迁移率的影响,以及栅极氧化捕获电荷和界面捕获密度的潜在变化。正栅极偏置应力导致功率vdmosfet的阈值电压显著正移和迁移率降低,而随后的恢复处理导致阈值电压几乎完全恢复,迁移率仅部分恢复。流动性仍比初始值低40%以上,再进行任何处理都无法完全恢复。与栅极氧化物陷阱相关的隧道机制被认为是在应力过程中形成正氧化物陷阱电荷(电子从中性氧化物陷阱隧穿到氧化物导带)和界面陷阱(随后从带电氧化物陷阱隧穿到界面陷阱前体)的主要机制。在回收处理过程中,与氢的存在有关的机制被认为是导致氧化物捕获电荷(由于它们与氢原子反应而导致界面阱钝化)和界面阱(氢分子在带电的氧化物阱中开裂)密度降低的主要机制。研究了辐照前正栅偏置应力对功率vdmosfet辐射响应的影响。在应力器件中观察到较大的辐照诱导阈值电压位移和迁移率降低,清楚地表明栅极偏置应力不适用于功率vdmosfet的辐射硬化。
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引用次数: 0
Role of the graded band gap layer in increasing the short wavelength sensitivity of three cascade solar cells 梯度带隙层在提高三级梯级太阳能电池短波灵敏度中的作用
E.S. Hrayshat
In this paper two structures of three cascade solar cells are discussed and analyzed. The first one is a three cascade solar cell with upper wide gap "window", which exhibited an appreciable values of its main parameters (I/sub sc/, V/sub oc/). However, this structure has a limited short wavelength sensitivity because of the surface recombination. In order to improve the main parameters of the above mentioned structure - particularly the short wavelength sensitivity - a new structure of three cascade solar cells, with graded band gap upper layer is suggested. This structure has been elaborated by combining liquid phase epitaxy with gas-phase zinc diffusion technologies, and the graded band gap upper layer has been fabricated by utilization of a special cassette of penal-box type. This new structure has shown better parameters than the parameters of the three cascade solar cell with upper wide gap "window". It exhibits appreciable values of photo-current and output voltage. Furthermore, this structure provides high short wavelength sensitivity due to the utilization of the graded band gap layer.
本文对三层叠太阳能电池的两种结构进行了讨论和分析。第一种是具有上宽间隙“窗”的三梯级太阳能电池,其主要参数(I/sub sc/, V/sub oc/)均有可观的数值。然而,由于表面复合,这种结构具有有限的短波灵敏度。为了提高上述结构的主要参数,特别是短波灵敏度,提出了一种上层带隙渐变的三级梯级太阳能电池结构。采用液相外延和气相锌扩散技术相结合的方法制备了该结构,并利用一种特殊的刑罚盒型盒式材料制备了梯度带隙上层。该结构的参数优于上宽间隙“窗”的三梯级太阳能电池的参数。它具有可观的光电流和输出电压值。此外,由于利用了梯度带隙层,该结构提供了高的短波灵敏度。
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引用次数: 0
Platform III: A new version for the integrated test system for AC machine drives performance analysis 平台三:新版本的交流电机驱动性能分析综合测试系统
J. Restrepo, M. Giménez, V. Guzmán, J. Aller, A. Bueno, A. Millan
This work presents the third version of the "Plataforma" integrated test system, a test rig for experiments required to validate dynamically different types of new strategies and control schemes based on vector control theories, parametric estimation, and neural networks applied to AC machine drives; and to analyze the effect of these control strategies over the mains quality. The equipment includes the AC driver power stages, the mechanical load emulation stage, the instrumentation stage and the signal processing and control stage. Two main improvements have been performed: (1) an improved instrumentation stage; (2) a dynamic load system implemented with a torque controlled DC motor. Due to its high versatility, this test system can be used both in research laboratories and postgraduate courses.
本文介绍了“platform”集成测试系统的第三个版本,这是一个实验平台,用于动态验证基于矢量控制理论、参数估计和应用于交流电机驱动的神经网络的不同类型的新策略和控制方案;并分析了这些控制策略对市电质量的影响。该设备包括交流驱动电源阶段、机械负载仿真阶段、仪表阶段和信号处理与控制阶段。主要进行了两项改进:(1)改进了仪器仪表阶段;(2)采用转矩控制直流电动机实现动态负载系统。由于它的高通用性,该测试系统既可以用于研究实验室,也可以用于研究生课程。
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引用次数: 21
One method for FIR fractional delay filter design 一种FIR分数阶延迟滤波器的设计方法
G. Jovanovic-Dolecek, J. Díaz-Carmona
This paper presents one method for the design of FIR fractional delay filters (FDF) with a rational fractional delay. The method is based on the use of the general multirate structure for a FDF and the interpolated finite impulse response (IFIR) structure. The result is a single, time invariant FIR filter with small passband ripples and a wide bandwidth. We discuss this design, and, through examples, compare it with other design methods.
本文提出了一种设计具有合理分数阶延迟的FIR分数阶延迟滤波器的方法。该方法是基于对FDF的一般多率结构和插值有限脉冲响应(IFIR)结构的使用。结果是具有小通带波纹和宽带宽的单一时不变FIR滤波器。本文对该设计进行了讨论,并通过实例与其他设计方法进行了比较。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Caracas Conference on Devices, Circuits and Systems (Cat. No.02TH8611)
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