Pub Date : 2026-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139563
Hanyang Ji , Renze Zhang , Lu Kong , Zhenyu Yuan , Fanli Meng
This study addresses the challenge of rapid methanol and ethanol leakage monitoring during coke oven gas conversion by proposing a transient response sequence method based on a semiconductor gas sensor for fast qualitative and quantitative analysis of binary mixtures. Using programmed temperature ramping (0–6 V, 50 s, 0.12 V/s), distinct characteristic peaks were identified at 4.70 V for methanol and 4.38 V for ethanol, enabling reliable gas discrimination. First-order differential processing enhanced methanol detection specificity in mixtures. A two-dimensional concentration estimation model based on dual peak amplitudes was established using Rational2D fitting, achieving average errors of 5.74 % for methanol and 1.64 % for ethanol. The method exhibits high speed and accuracy, showing strong potential for rapid multi-component gas analysis in industrial settings.
{"title":"A detection method for industrial methanol and ethanol two-component gas leakage based on transient response sequence","authors":"Hanyang Ji , Renze Zhang , Lu Kong , Zhenyu Yuan , Fanli Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the challenge of rapid methanol and ethanol leakage monitoring during coke oven gas conversion by proposing a transient response sequence method based on a semiconductor gas sensor for fast qualitative and quantitative analysis of binary mixtures. Using programmed temperature ramping (0–6 V, 50 s, 0.12 V/s), distinct characteristic peaks were identified at 4.70 V for methanol and 4.38 V for ethanol, enabling reliable gas discrimination. First-order differential processing enhanced methanol detection specificity in mixtures. A two-dimensional concentration estimation model based on dual peak amplitudes was established using Rational2D fitting, achieving average errors of 5.74 % for methanol and 1.64 % for ethanol. The method exhibits high speed and accuracy, showing strong potential for rapid multi-component gas analysis in industrial settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 139563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146098443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139567
Miao Liu , Jiyu Shi , Xiao Wang , Mei Yan , Peng Song
Ethanolamine (EA) is a volatile organic compound (VOC) that can pollute the environment and pose a threat to human health, and it is necessary to develop efficient gas sensors for continuous detection of EA vapors. Herein, CsPbBr3 quantum dots (QDs) with perovskite structure were deposited on the surface of TiO2 nanofibers (NFs) to prepare TiO2/CsPbBr3 heterostructures. The new gas sensor based on TiO2/CsPbBr3 composite material achieves rapid and accurate detection of EA at low temperature by capturing photo generated electrons in CsPbBr3 QDs functionalized TiO2 NFs. The experimental results indicated that the TiO2/CsPbBr3 heterostructure displayed a highest EA-sensing performance under UV irradiation, with a response value of 125.5, which increased the response by a factor of 2.8 and 6.3 times compared with those of TiO2/CsPbBr3 composite without UV-excitation and pure TiO2, respectively. Meanwhile, the UV-excited TiO2/CsPbBr3-sensor also possesses high selectivity, excellent cyclic reproducibility, long-term durability, and shortened response/recovery time (7.7/9.3 s). The improved EA-sensitive response by UV activation and CsPbBr3 QDs modifications might be ascribed to the photo-generated electron transfer and the formation of n-p heterojunctions. The EA-sensing mechanism of TiO2/CsPbBr3 composite was explored by density functional theory (DFT) calculation on adsorption characteristic and electronic behavior in detail. The modification of TiO2 with CsPbBr3 QDs offers an experimental reference for the development potential in the field of low-temperature EA sensors.
{"title":"CsPbBr3 quantum dots decorated TiO2 nanofibers for superior ethanolamine detection at room temperature under UV irradiation","authors":"Miao Liu , Jiyu Shi , Xiao Wang , Mei Yan , Peng Song","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ethanolamine (EA) is a volatile organic compound (VOC) that can pollute the environment and pose a threat to human health, and it is necessary to develop efficient gas sensors for continuous detection of EA vapors. Herein, CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> quantum dots (QDs) with perovskite structure were deposited on the surface of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers (NFs) to prepare TiO<sub>2</sub>/CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> heterostructures. The new gas sensor based on TiO<sub>2</sub>/CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> composite material achieves rapid and accurate detection of EA at low temperature by capturing photo generated electrons in CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> QDs functionalized TiO<sub>2</sub> NFs. The experimental results indicated that the TiO<sub>2</sub>/CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> heterostructure displayed a highest EA-sensing performance under UV irradiation, with a response value of 125.5, which increased the response by a factor of 2.8 and 6.3 times compared with those of TiO<sub>2</sub>/CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> composite without UV-excitation and pure TiO<sub>2</sub>, respectively. Meanwhile, the UV-excited TiO<sub>2</sub>/CsPbBr<sub>3</sub>-sensor also possesses high selectivity, excellent cyclic reproducibility, long-term durability, and shortened response/recovery time (7.7/9.3 s). The improved EA-sensitive response by UV activation and CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> QDs modifications might be ascribed to the photo-generated electron transfer and the formation of n-p heterojunctions. The EA-sensing mechanism of TiO<sub>2</sub>/CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> composite was explored by density functional theory (DFT) calculation on adsorption characteristic and electronic behavior in detail. The modification of TiO<sub>2</sub> with CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> QDs offers an experimental reference for the development potential in the field of low-temperature EA sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"453 ","pages":"Article 139567"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study presents the synthesis of In2O3-Co3O4 flower-like microspheres via a two-step method, where the In2O3 matrix, composed of ultra-thin nanosheets, serves as a scaffold for the surface dispersion of Co3O4. By modulating the Co3O4 concentration, two sensors (ICO-1 and ICO-10) were fabricated, demonstrating excellent and distinct selectivity at a low optimal temperature of 100 ℃. Among them, ICO-1 exhibited a high response of 1600 to 10 ppm NO2, while ICO-10 showed a response of 124.32 to 100 ppm triethylamine (TEA) with tunable selectivity. The sensors as well achieved low theoretical detection limits of 100 ppb for NO2 and 2.5 ppm for TEA, respectively. Systematic characterization revealed that the switching of selectivity originates from the synergistic effects of heterojunction formation, electron depletion layer modulation, and the tailored concentrations of surface chemisorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancies. This work elucidates a feasible pathway for designing highly sensitive and selectively tunable gas sensors by engineering heterojunction composition in metal-oxide semiconductors.
{"title":"Tunable Selectivity: High-performance detection of NO2 and triethylamine enabled by In2O3-Co3O4 heterojunction nanoflowers","authors":"Zhidong Jin, Jinbo Zhao, Lin Liu, Fei Liu, Shiqiang Li, Jiurong Liu, Lili Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2026.139562","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the synthesis of In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> flower-like microspheres via a two-step method, where the In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> matrix, composed of ultra-thin nanosheets, serves as a scaffold for the surface dispersion of Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. By modulating the Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> concentration, two sensors (ICO-1 and ICO-10) were fabricated, demonstrating excellent and distinct selectivity at a low optimal temperature of 100 ℃. Among them, ICO-1 exhibited a high response of 1600 to 10 ppm NO<sub>2</sub>, while ICO-10 showed a response of 124.32 to 100 ppm triethylamine (TEA) with tunable selectivity. The sensors as well achieved low theoretical detection limits of 100 ppb for NO<sub>2</sub> and 2.5 ppm for TEA, respectively. Systematic characterization revealed that the switching of selectivity originates from the synergistic effects of heterojunction formation, electron depletion layer modulation, and the tailored concentrations of surface chemisorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancies. This work elucidates a feasible pathway for designing highly sensitive and selectively tunable gas sensors by engineering heterojunction composition in metal-oxide semiconductors.","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"57 1","pages":"139562"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146098194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139559
Wencai Wang , Yongbo Wang , Yanting Jia , Shaojie Wang , Yuanna Ning , Jinxuan Yang
Chiral recognition of amino acid enantiomers and discrimination of basic amino acids is critical in detecting disease markers and understanding physiological processes. In this work, chiral carbon dots emitting red fluorescence at 630 nm (R-CCDs) were synthesized via a one-step solvothermal method with L-Valine as the chiral source. The R-CCDs demonstrated excellent enantioselective recognition capabilities toward serine enantiomers (L-Ser and D-Ser) through both fluorescence and colorimetric detection modes. Upon addition of L-Ser, the fluorescence of R-CCDs was progressively quenched, accompanied by a distinct color change from brown to pink, whereas D-Ser induced negligible changes in both. Quantitative detection of L-Ser was further achieved via fluorescence and colorimetric methods, with detection limits of 7.68 μM and 0.71 μM, respectively. The developed methods exhibited excellent applicability in complex biological matrices, with recovery rates ranging from 94.69 % to 117.64 % (RSD < 4 %). The chiral recognition mechanism was systematically investigated through spectral analysis and theoretical calculations. Based on the dual-modal signal response of R-CCDs toward amino acids, a one-component dual-mode sensor array was constructed for discrimination of 3 basic amino acids (100 % accuracy). Moreovre, a portable detection device integrated with a signal readout system was developed for on-site and rapid identification of serine enantiomers. This work presents a facile and efficient strategy for the chiral discrimination of serine enantiomers and holds promise for the detection of other chiral bioactive molecules.
{"title":"Fluorescence and colorimetric dual-mode sensor based on red-emitting chiral carbon dots for discrimination of serine enantiomers and basic amino acids","authors":"Wencai Wang , Yongbo Wang , Yanting Jia , Shaojie Wang , Yuanna Ning , Jinxuan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chiral recognition of amino acid enantiomers and discrimination of basic amino acids is critical in detecting disease markers and understanding physiological processes. In this work, chiral carbon dots emitting red fluorescence at 630 nm (R-CCDs) were synthesized via a one-step solvothermal method with <span><span>L</span></span>-Valine as the chiral source. The R-CCDs demonstrated excellent enantioselective recognition capabilities toward serine enantiomers (<span>L</span>-Ser and <span>D</span>-Ser) through both fluorescence and colorimetric detection modes. Upon addition of <span>L</span>-Ser, the fluorescence of R-CCDs was progressively quenched, accompanied by a distinct color change from brown to pink, whereas <span>D</span>-Ser induced negligible changes in both. Quantitative detection of <span>L</span>-Ser was further achieved via fluorescence and colorimetric methods, with detection limits of 7.68 μM and 0.71 μM, respectively. The developed methods exhibited excellent applicability in complex biological matrices, with recovery rates ranging from 94.69 % to 117.64 % (RSD < 4 %). The chiral recognition mechanism was systematically investigated through spectral analysis and theoretical calculations. Based on the dual-modal signal response of R-CCDs toward amino acids, a one-component dual-mode sensor array was constructed for discrimination of 3 basic amino acids (100 % accuracy). Moreovre, a portable detection device integrated with a signal readout system was developed for on-site and rapid identification of serine enantiomers. This work presents a facile and efficient strategy for the chiral discrimination of serine enantiomers and holds promise for the detection of other chiral bioactive molecules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"453 ","pages":"Article 139559"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139558
Biao Gu , Yaqian Li , Zefeng Zheng , Boyou Zhang , Jing Liu , Yuebai Zhang , Wei Shi , Jinfa Tou , Dengming Lai , Dandan Wang , Jingjun Zhao , Ruiqing Long , Yongjie Liu , Qiang Shu , Lijia Wang
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among preterm neonates. However, the timely diagnosis of NEC is hindered by the lack of reliable biomarkers. A key pathogenic feature of NEC is the overproduction of hypochlorous acid (HClO) by activated neutrophils and macrophages via the MPO-H2O2-Cl⁻ system. Therefore, the development of robust HClO detection tools is crucial for the early diagnosis of NEC. In this study, a novel near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe (Cy-1) was developed to monitor HClO, with the aim of enabling early NEC diagnosis. Cy-1 displayed high sensitivity and selectivity toward HClO with a rapid response (40 s), and was capable of detecting both exogenous and endogenous HClO in living cells. Using this probe, we successfully tracked dynamic changes in HClO levels during the cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, in vivo fluorescence imaging showed significantly increased fluorescence signals in NEC model mice after Cy-1 administration. This work demonstrated the great potential of Cy-1 as a powerful tool for investigating HClO-associated apoptotic processes, as well as a promising candidate for the early clinical diagnosis of NEC.
{"title":"Early detection of necrotizing enterocolitis via a hypochlorous acid biosensor tracking pathological signals","authors":"Biao Gu , Yaqian Li , Zefeng Zheng , Boyou Zhang , Jing Liu , Yuebai Zhang , Wei Shi , Jinfa Tou , Dengming Lai , Dandan Wang , Jingjun Zhao , Ruiqing Long , Yongjie Liu , Qiang Shu , Lijia Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among preterm neonates. However, the timely diagnosis of NEC is hindered by the lack of reliable biomarkers. A key pathogenic feature of NEC is the overproduction of hypochlorous acid (HClO) by activated neutrophils and macrophages via the MPO-H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-Cl⁻ system. Therefore, the development of robust HClO detection tools is crucial for the early diagnosis of NEC. In this study, a novel near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe (<strong>Cy-1</strong>) was developed to monitor HClO, with the aim of enabling early NEC diagnosis. <strong>Cy-1</strong> displayed high sensitivity and selectivity toward HClO with a rapid response (40 s), and was capable of detecting both exogenous and endogenous HClO in living cells. Using this probe, we successfully tracked dynamic changes in HClO levels during the cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, in vivo fluorescence imaging showed significantly increased fluorescence signals in NEC model mice after <strong>Cy-1</strong> administration. This work demonstrated the great potential of <strong>Cy-1</strong> as a powerful tool for investigating HClO-associated apoptotic processes, as well as a promising candidate for the early clinical diagnosis of NEC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"453 ","pages":"Article 139558"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139556
Ya-Jing Shang , Xing-Hu Wu , Jun-Tao Niu , Chen-Chen Li , Ai-Hong Zhang , Xiao-Lei Zhang , Xu-Ying Liu , Ting Liang , Yan-Fei Kang
The cellular microenvironment (viscosity and polarity) and ONOO- play significant effects on the maintenance of redox balance, signal transmission, and normal cell operation, even closely associated to the onset of various diseases. Therefore, we designed and synthesized the targeted mitochondrial probe (VNP-M) featuring three distinct switch-on modes for detecting viscosity, ONOO- and polarity. The emission spectrum of VNP-M displayed remarkable response for viscosity at 680 nm and ONOO- at 580 nm, respectively. Meanwhile, there was a satisfying correspondence between the area under curve (AUC) of 454–654 nm and the polarity. The fluorescence change mechanism was elaborated in detail by theoretical calculation. The VNP-M showed excellent bioimage application ability for confirmation of cancer cells and diabetes diagnosis in vitro and in vivo. More importantly, leveraging VNP-M, we confirmed for the first time that metformin can alleviate diabetes by inhibiting ferroptosis via the detection of viscosity, polarity and ONOO-. Therefore, the VNP-M provided a potential tool for exploring disease status and process through simultaneous measure of viscosity, ONOO- and polarity in mitochondria with three-channel.
{"title":"Multifunctional fluorescence probe for detecting viscosity, ONOO– and polarity in vitro and vivo with three channels","authors":"Ya-Jing Shang , Xing-Hu Wu , Jun-Tao Niu , Chen-Chen Li , Ai-Hong Zhang , Xiao-Lei Zhang , Xu-Ying Liu , Ting Liang , Yan-Fei Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cellular microenvironment (viscosity and polarity) and ONOO<sup>-</sup> play significant effects on the maintenance of redox balance, signal transmission, and normal cell operation, even closely associated to the onset of various diseases. Therefore, we designed and synthesized the targeted mitochondrial probe (<strong>VNP</strong>-<strong>M</strong>) featuring three distinct switch-on modes for detecting viscosity, ONOO<sup>-</sup> and polarity. The emission spectrum of <strong>VNP</strong>-<strong>M</strong> displayed remarkable response for viscosity at 680 nm and ONOO<sup>-</sup> at 580 nm, respectively. Meanwhile, there was a satisfying correspondence between the area under curve (AUC) of 454–654 nm and the polarity. The fluorescence change mechanism was elaborated in detail by theoretical calculation. The <strong>VNP</strong>-<strong>M</strong> showed excellent bioimage application ability for confirmation of cancer cells and diabetes diagnosis in vitro and in vivo. More importantly, leveraging <strong>VNP</strong>-<strong>M</strong>, we confirmed for the first time that metformin can alleviate diabetes by inhibiting ferroptosis via the detection of viscosity, polarity and ONOO<sup>-</sup>. Therefore, the <strong>VNP</strong>-<strong>M</strong> provided a potential tool for exploring disease status and process through simultaneous measure of viscosity, ONOO<sup>-</sup> and polarity in mitochondria with three-channel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"453 ","pages":"Article 139556"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We present a rationally engineered near-infrared frequency upconversion luminescence (FUCL) probe, termed PT-2, specifically designed for the selective detection of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in biological systems. This probe incorporates an optimised molecular architecture that combines an oxadiazole-benzothiazole fluorophore with a cyclopropylformate enzymatic trigger, facilitating AChE-specific activation via hydrolysis-mediated intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) switching. PT-2 demonstrates superior sensing properties, rapid activation kinetics, dual-mode fluorescence (FL) and FUCL detection with enhanced FUCL sensitivity (0.22 mU/mL), and exceptional selectivity against biological interferents. In cellular studies, PT-2 revealed that glutamate-induced oxidative stress progressively upregulates AChE expression. Importantly, in vivo investigations enabled differential quantification of exogenous and endogenous AChE in murine models, capturing both inhibitor-mediated suppression and stress-induced activation of enzymatic activity. This work introduces a versatile imaging tool for real-time tracking of AChE pathophysiology and provides mechanistic insights that establish AChE as a mediator of oxidative stress in neurological disorders, thereby advancing diagnostic methodologies for neurodegeneration.
{"title":"An acetylcholinesterase-activated near-infrared frequency upconversion luminescence probe for real-time imaging of oxidative stress-regulated acetylcholinesterase dynamics","authors":"Qingchun Lan, Shuqin Fang, Shufen Pan, Xi Chen, Zhibo Zuo, Ling Zhu, Yongquan Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a rationally engineered near-infrared frequency upconversion luminescence (FUCL) probe, termed PT-2, specifically designed for the selective detection of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in biological systems. This probe incorporates an optimised molecular architecture that combines an oxadiazole-benzothiazole fluorophore with a cyclopropylformate enzymatic trigger, facilitating AChE-specific activation via hydrolysis-mediated intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) switching. PT-2 demonstrates superior sensing properties, rapid activation kinetics, dual-mode fluorescence (FL) and FUCL detection with enhanced FUCL sensitivity (0.22 mU/mL), and exceptional selectivity against biological interferents. In cellular studies, PT-2 revealed that glutamate-induced oxidative stress progressively upregulates AChE expression. Importantly, in vivo investigations enabled differential quantification of exogenous and endogenous AChE in murine models, capturing both inhibitor-mediated suppression and stress-induced activation of enzymatic activity. This work introduces a versatile imaging tool for real-time tracking of AChE pathophysiology and provides mechanistic insights that establish AChE as a mediator of oxidative stress in neurological disorders, thereby advancing diagnostic methodologies for neurodegeneration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"453 ","pages":"Article 139557"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146047798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-26DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139555
Sebin Oh , Jiyeon Ha , Hyen Chung Chun , In Tae Kim , Yang-Rae Kim
Rapid and accurate monitoring of soil phosphorus is crucial for precision agriculture. Unfortunately, conventional methods such as ion chromatography (IC) and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) are limited by complex sample preparation requirements and long analysis times. To address these issues, we developed a polymeric membrane ion-selective electrode (ISE) for selective detection of dihydrogen phosphate (H2PO4−) using a newly synthesized cyclic polyamine ionophore, 3-(9-decenyl)-1,5,8-triazacyclodecane-2,4-dione. The optimized ISE exhibited near-Nernstian sensitivity across a wide concentration range (6.76 × 10−6–6.76 × 10−2 M) and a detection limit of 4.60 × 10−6 at pH 6.5. High selectivity was achieved without lipophilic additives, and the ISE maintained its excellent performance over the pH range of 5.5–8.0. When applied to soil extraction solutions from a corn field and horticultural mixed culture soil, the ISE showed good agreement with IC and ICP-OES while enabling continuous monitoring over 13 d. Temporal dynamics of phosphate ions not previously detected by conventional methods were also revealed. The ISE offers rapid responses, minimal sample preparation, and in situ monitoring, making it a practical alternative for field-based phosphate ion monitoring in precision agriculture and environmental management.
{"title":"Phosphate ion-selective electrode based on a cyclic polyamine ionophore for soil analysis","authors":"Sebin Oh , Jiyeon Ha , Hyen Chung Chun , In Tae Kim , Yang-Rae Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid and accurate monitoring of soil phosphorus is crucial for precision agriculture. Unfortunately, conventional methods such as ion chromatography (IC) and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) are limited by complex sample preparation requirements and long analysis times. To address these issues, we developed a polymeric membrane ion-selective electrode (ISE) for selective detection of dihydrogen phosphate (H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup>) using a newly synthesized cyclic polyamine ionophore, 3-(9-decenyl)-1,5,8-triazacyclodecane-2,4-dione. The optimized ISE exhibited near-Nernstian sensitivity across a wide concentration range (6.76 × 10<sup>−6</sup>–6.76 × 10<sup>−2</sup> M) and a detection limit of 4.60 × 10<sup>−6</sup> at pH 6.5. High selectivity was achieved without lipophilic additives, and the ISE maintained its excellent performance over the pH range of 5.5–8.0. When applied to soil extraction solutions from a corn field and horticultural mixed culture soil, the ISE showed good agreement with IC and ICP-OES while enabling continuous monitoring over 13 d. Temporal dynamics of phosphate ions not previously detected by conventional methods were also revealed. The ISE offers rapid responses, minimal sample preparation, and in situ monitoring, making it a practical alternative for field-based phosphate ion monitoring in precision agriculture and environmental management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"453 ","pages":"Article 139555"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146047799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-26DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139551
Rongkai Cai , Ziying Xu , Juan Deng , Kaimin Wang , Danyu Tian , Yilin Yan , Fenyong Sun , Qingzhong Liu
Sensitive detection of low-abundance proteins is essential for early disease diagnosis, yet conventional chemiluminescent immunoassays rarely achieve the required limits. Signal transduction from proteins to DNA offers a solution, as seen in immuno-PCR (IPCR) and proximity ligation assay (PLA). However, IPCR suffers from adsorption-induced background, while PLA is prone to ligation of free unbound probes. Here we demonstrate the Proximity Ligation Dependent Immuno-PCR Assay (PRIPA), which establishes a generalizable solid-phase proximity ligation framework that strictly permits ligation only after antigen-verified, surface-confined binding. Split-DNA reporters effectively resolve IPCR’s nonspecific adsorption background, whereas stringent wash steps suppress the free-probe ligation events typical of PLA, collectively reducing false signals and enhancing robustness. To demonstrate this design in a clinically meaningful context, PRIPA was applied to quantify plasma p-tau181. Using three anchoring strategies, PRIPA achieved a detection limit of 0.024 pg/mL and a linear range of 0.064 – 1000 pg/mL. Plasma spike-and-recovery experiments yielded 99.2–108.4 %, and specificity tests confirmed strong discrimination against non-target proteins (P < 0.001). These results establish PRIPA as a robust and widely applicable analytical platform for reliable sub-pg/mL protein quantification, with p-tau181 serving as a clinically meaningful demonstration of its potential in Alzheimer’s disease detection.
{"title":"Proximity ligation dependent immuno-PCR assay for sub-pg/mL quantification of protein biomarker","authors":"Rongkai Cai , Ziying Xu , Juan Deng , Kaimin Wang , Danyu Tian , Yilin Yan , Fenyong Sun , Qingzhong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sensitive detection of low-abundance proteins is essential for early disease diagnosis, yet conventional chemiluminescent immunoassays rarely achieve the required limits. Signal transduction from proteins to DNA offers a solution, as seen in immuno-PCR (IPCR) and proximity ligation assay (PLA). However, IPCR suffers from adsorption-induced background, while PLA is prone to ligation of free unbound probes. Here we demonstrate the Proximity Ligation Dependent Immuno-PCR Assay (PRIPA), which establishes a <strong>generalizable solid-phase proximity ligation framework</strong> that strictly permits ligation only after antigen-verified, surface-confined binding. Split-DNA reporters effectively resolve IPCR’s nonspecific adsorption background, whereas stringent wash steps suppress the free-probe ligation events typical of PLA, collectively reducing false signals and enhancing robustness. To demonstrate this design in a clinically meaningful context, PRIPA was applied to quantify plasma p-tau<sup>181</sup>. Using three anchoring strategies, PRIPA achieved a detection limit of 0.024 pg/mL and a linear range of 0.064 – 1000 pg/mL. Plasma spike-and-recovery experiments yielded 99.2–108.4 %, and specificity tests confirmed strong discrimination against non-target proteins (<em>P</em> < 0.001). These results establish PRIPA as a robust and widely applicable analytical platform for reliable sub-pg/mL protein quantification, with p-tau<sup>181</sup> serving as a clinically meaningful demonstration of its potential in Alzheimer’s disease detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"453 ","pages":"Article 139551"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146047801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-26DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2026.139550
Fan Wang , Chenglong Bao , Susu Cui , Yongsheng Yu , Weiwei Yang
Nucleic acid-templated click ligation offers a powerful enzyme-free amplification route for nucleic acid detection with high specificity and simplicity. However, achieving rapid, low-cost, portable, and ultrasensitive detection remains challenging. Herein, we develop an enzyme-free cascade amplification system, nucleic acid-templated split DNAzyme click ligation chain reaction (NA-SpDzyme-CLCR), by rationally integrating Cu2O-catalyzed nucleic acid-templated click ligation chain reaction with a split Mg2 + -dependent DNAzyme for ultrasensitive nucleic acid detection. In this system, target-triggered ligation products undergo covalent reassembly to form catalytically active DNAzymes, which exhibit robust recycling cleavage with high single turnover (kobs.s = 0.94 ± 0.07 min−1) and multiple turnover (kobs.m = 0.37 ± 0.02 min−1) numbers, enabling efficient secondary signal amplification. As a proof of concept, we established fluorescence and lateral flow strip assays using the NA-SpDzyme-CLCR system, achieving detection limits of 0.3 aM (fluorescence) and 2 aM (visual), while exhibiting excellent specificity in discriminating single-base mismatches and reliable performance in complex biological matrices. Furthermore, these assays enable versatile detection of the target of interest by customizing the probe recognition sequences. Benefiting from its enzyme-free, high sensitivity, versatility, and compatibility, the NA-SpDzyme-CLCR provides a robust platform for low-abundance biomarker detection and holds great promise for point-of-care diagnostics.
{"title":"Integration of click ligation chain reaction with split DNAzyme for enzyme-free cascade amplification and ultrasensitive nucleic acid detection","authors":"Fan Wang , Chenglong Bao , Susu Cui , Yongsheng Yu , Weiwei Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2026.139550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nucleic acid-templated click ligation offers a powerful enzyme-free amplification route for nucleic acid detection with high specificity and simplicity. However, achieving rapid, low-cost, portable, and ultrasensitive detection remains challenging. Herein, we develop an enzyme-free cascade amplification system, nucleic acid-templated split DNAzyme click ligation chain reaction (NA-SpDzyme-CLCR), by rationally integrating Cu<sub>2</sub>O-catalyzed nucleic acid-templated click ligation chain reaction with a split Mg<sup>2 +</sup> -dependent DNAzyme for ultrasensitive nucleic acid detection. In this system, target-triggered ligation products undergo covalent reassembly to form catalytically active DNAzymes, which exhibit robust recycling cleavage with high single turnover (<em>k</em><sub>obs.s</sub> = 0.94 ± 0.07 min<sup>−1</sup>) and multiple turnover (<em>k</em><sub>obs.m</sub> = 0.37 ± 0.02 min<sup>−1</sup>) numbers, enabling efficient secondary signal amplification. As a proof of concept, we established fluorescence and lateral flow strip assays using the NA-SpDzyme-CLCR system, achieving detection limits of 0.3 aM (fluorescence) and 2 aM (visual), while exhibiting excellent specificity in discriminating single-base mismatches and reliable performance in complex biological matrices. Furthermore, these assays enable versatile detection of the target of interest by customizing the probe recognition sequences. Benefiting from its enzyme-free, high sensitivity, versatility, and compatibility, the NA-SpDzyme-CLCR provides a robust platform for low-abundance biomarker detection and holds great promise for point-of-care diagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"453 ","pages":"Article 139550"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146047802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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