Pub Date : 2024-10-19DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113014
Wuzhi Yuan, Huaming Li, Kui He, Ya Ge, Si-Min Huang
Dust on the PV surface is well known to cause significant losses in energy yield. Complex physical and chemical interactions occur between dust and condensate on the surface of PV module under condensation, which determine the mode and severity of surface contamination. In this work, dynamic behavior of dust particle on surface is investigated from a microscopic perspective. Dust mainly experiences particle aggregation, dusty droplet coalescence, growth, movement and drying. After condensation & drying, surface transmittance is quantitatively measured to provide an assessment of surface contamination. The results show that for SiO2 and Al2O3 particles, that do not react with condensate, surface transmittance increases after drying, especially for superhydrophobic surface (SHS). However, CaO particle easily react with condensate and atmospheric carbon dioxide to form insoluble substances. After drying, a dense layer of dust is formed on the hydrophilic surface with transmittance of 49.2 %. SHS has excellent ability of self-cleaning and it increases with extension of condensation time. As condensation time is 120 min, transmittance of SiO2-contaminated SHS can recover to 99.1 % of clean surface. This finding may guide for development of suitable strategies to prevent or mitigate surface-soiling under condensation.
{"title":"An analysis of surface-soiling and self-cleaning of photovoltaic panel under condensation","authors":"Wuzhi Yuan, Huaming Li, Kui He, Ya Ge, Si-Min Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dust on the PV surface is well known to cause significant losses in energy yield. Complex physical and chemical interactions occur between dust and condensate on the surface of PV module under condensation, which determine the mode and severity of surface contamination. In this work, dynamic behavior of dust particle on surface is investigated from a microscopic perspective. Dust mainly experiences particle aggregation, dusty droplet coalescence, growth, movement and drying. After condensation & drying, surface transmittance is quantitatively measured to provide an assessment of surface contamination. The results show that for SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> particles, that do not react with condensate, surface transmittance increases after drying, especially for superhydrophobic surface (SHS). However, CaO particle easily react with condensate and atmospheric carbon dioxide to form insoluble substances. After drying, a dense layer of dust is formed on the hydrophilic surface with transmittance of 49.2 %. SHS has excellent ability of self-cleaning and it increases with extension of condensation time. As condensation time is 120 min, transmittance of SiO<sub>2</sub>-contaminated SHS can recover to 99.1 % of clean surface. This finding may guide for development of suitable strategies to prevent or mitigate surface-soiling under condensation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 113014"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-19DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113016
Taoufik Chargui , Fatima Lmai , Khalid Rahmani
Double perovskites, which have substantial benefits over conventional lead-based perovskites in terms of chemical stability and non-toxicity, have become a viable substitute in recent years. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of (X = Br, I) as a potential photovoltaic (PV) material, based on a density functional (DFT) calculation using the generalised gradient approach (GGA) with the modified Becke-Johnson (mBJ) potential, which show that this material is characterised by a band gap of 1.8 eV for X = Br and 1.55 eV for X = I, as well as excellent optical properties, including a high absorption coefficient greater than . The results obtained highlight the suitability of as a photovoltaic material. More specifically, it can play the role of absorber for the top cell in tandem solar cells. This study focuses on the use of as an absorber for top cell, in combination with CIGS as an absorber for bottom cell, to construct a two-junction tandem solar cell. Current matching, essential for the operation of the tandem cell, is achieved by using a filtered spectrum to illuminate the lower cell, pre-calibrated based on experimental values from the literature. This condition is achieved with a thickness of 490 nm of , offering exceptional performance: 1.795 V for the open circuit voltage (), 18.45 mA/ for the short-circuit current density (), a fill factor (FF) of 87.2 %, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 28.88 %.
{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of optoelectronic and photovoltaic properties of Cs2ScAgX6 (X = Br, I) double perovskites for tandem cells using DFT and SCAPS-1D methods","authors":"Taoufik Chargui , Fatima Lmai , Khalid Rahmani","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Double perovskites, which have substantial benefits over conventional lead-based perovskites in terms of chemical stability and non-toxicity, have become a viable substitute in recent years. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>S</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><msub><mi>X</mi><mn>6</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> (X = Br, I) as a potential photovoltaic (PV) material, based on a density functional (DFT) calculation using the generalised gradient approach (GGA) with the modified Becke-Johnson (mBJ) potential, which show that this material is characterised by a band gap of 1.8 eV for X = Br and 1.55 eV for X = I, as well as excellent optical properties, including a high absorption coefficient greater than <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mn>5</mn></msup><msup><mrow><mi>c</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>. The results obtained highlight the suitability of <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>S</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><msub><mi>X</mi><mn>6</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> as a photovoltaic material. More specifically, it can play the role of absorber for the top cell in tandem solar cells. This study focuses on the use of <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>S</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><msub><mi>I</mi><mn>6</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> as an absorber for top cell, in combination with CIGS as an absorber for bottom cell, to construct a two-junction tandem solar cell. Current matching, essential for the operation of the tandem cell, is achieved by using a filtered spectrum to illuminate the lower cell, pre-calibrated based on experimental values from the literature. This condition is achieved with a thickness of 490 nm of <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>S</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><msub><mi>I</mi><mn>6</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>, offering exceptional performance: 1.795 V for the open circuit voltage (<span><math><msub><mi>V</mi><mrow><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>), 18.45 mA/<span><math><msup><mrow><mi>c</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup></math></span> for the short-circuit current density (<span><math><msub><mi>J</mi><mrow><mi>s</mi><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>), a fill factor (FF) of 87.2 %, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 28.88 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 113016"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-19DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113015
Shafiqur Rehman , Kashif Irshad , Mohamed A. Mohandes , Ali Al-Shaikhi , Mohamed E. Zayed
Recently, floating photovoltaic systems have been regarded as a promising technology for producing clean energy by utilizing the surface of water bodies, such as lakes, rivers and oceans. This study introduces a comparative experimental study and energy performance evaluation of a 1.0 kW offshore floating photovoltaic (FPV) system and a nearby traditional ground-based PV system (GPV) installed in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. The FPV system was deployed in the Arabian Gulf, 25 m off the coast, at an average depth of 1 to 1.5 m depending on tide, wave, and current intensity. The FPV system employs a strong novel eco-friendly platform structure made of recycled buoyant materials such as engineered plastic drums and wood. This system is anchored with tension cables and concrete blocks that can withstand the changing sea water conditions. The GPV system, on the other hand, was installed 150 m inland from the shore. Real-time monthly data monitoring and assessment indicated that FPV systems outperformed GPV systems in terms of lower PV panel surface temperatures, higher power output, and panel efficiency. Based on daily average back surface temperatures, FPV system temperature was decreased by 7.5 % to 21.34 % when compared to GPV. Moreover, the FPV system efficiency was also increased by 12.2 % when compared to the GPV system. This study aims to assist in promoting the applicability of solar floating photovoltaic systems to synergistically fulfill the requirements of sustainable electricity production for the arid costal community in Saudi Arabia and similar areas.
{"title":"Comprehensive evaluation of solar floating photovoltaic prospective in Saudi Arabia: Comparative experimental investigation and thermal performance analysis","authors":"Shafiqur Rehman , Kashif Irshad , Mohamed A. Mohandes , Ali Al-Shaikhi , Mohamed E. Zayed","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, floating photovoltaic systems have been regarded as a promising technology for producing clean energy by utilizing the surface of water bodies, such as lakes, rivers and oceans. This study introduces a comparative experimental study and energy performance evaluation of a 1.0 kW offshore floating photovoltaic (FPV) system and a nearby traditional ground-based PV system (GPV) installed in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. The FPV system was deployed in the Arabian Gulf, 25 m off the coast, at an average depth of 1 to 1.5 m depending on tide, wave, and current intensity. The FPV system employs a strong novel eco-friendly platform structure made of recycled buoyant materials such as engineered plastic drums and wood. This system is anchored with tension cables and concrete blocks that can withstand the changing sea water conditions. The GPV system, on the other hand, was installed 150 m inland from the shore. Real-time monthly data monitoring and assessment indicated that FPV systems outperformed GPV systems in terms of lower PV panel surface temperatures, higher power output, and panel efficiency. Based on daily average back surface temperatures, FPV system temperature was decreased by 7.5 % to 21.34 % when compared to GPV. Moreover, the FPV system efficiency was also increased by 12.2 % when compared to the GPV system. This study aims to assist in promoting the applicability of solar floating photovoltaic systems to synergistically fulfill the requirements of sustainable electricity production for the arid costal community in Saudi Arabia and similar areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 113015"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113003
Hong-Yu Pan, Xue Chen, Xin-Lin Xia
Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) cells offer a novel approach to enhancing sustainable energy applications, both in terms of thermal energy storage extraction and high-temperature heat recovery. Focusing on radiation-to-electric conversion, a coupled carrier dynamics model is employed to analyze the effects of doping- and temperature-dependent properties on the multiscale performance of GaSb TPV systems. First, the effects of changed bandgap, absorption coefficient, and carrier mobility on cell performances are assessed under varying doping levels and temperatures. The effect of carrier mobility counteracts that of the bandgap and absorption coefficient. Ignoring doping dependence results in an overestimation of output power, while disregarding temperature dependence leads to an opposite outcome. Additionally, system performance is evaluated as various parameters change, such as emitter and cell characteristics. Influences of condition-dependent properties are discussed, showing that as emitter temperature increases, both cell and system efficiencies are significantly affected (33.05% and 17.57%, respectively), with a maximum discrepancy of 8%. The impact of these properties can reach up to 29% with changes in emitter emissivity, and the optimized bandwidth of ideal spectral selectivity decreases by 50 nm. When considering condition-dependent properties, system efficiency becomes more sensitive than cell efficiency to emitter characteristics. Furthermore, peaks in efficiency of 39.2% and 40.6% are observed with variations in cell thickness and doping concentration.
{"title":"Multiscale analysis on opto-electrical conversion of thermophotovoltaic cell with doping- and temperature-dependent properties","authors":"Hong-Yu Pan, Xue Chen, Xin-Lin Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) cells offer a novel approach to enhancing sustainable energy applications, both in terms of thermal energy storage extraction and high-temperature heat recovery. Focusing on radiation-to-electric conversion, a coupled carrier dynamics model is employed to analyze the effects of doping- and temperature-dependent properties on the multiscale performance of GaSb TPV systems. First, the effects of changed bandgap, absorption coefficient, and carrier mobility on cell performances are assessed under varying doping levels and temperatures. The effect of carrier mobility counteracts that of the bandgap and absorption coefficient. Ignoring doping dependence results in an overestimation of output power, while disregarding temperature dependence leads to an opposite outcome. Additionally, system performance is evaluated as various parameters change, such as emitter and cell characteristics. Influences of condition-dependent properties are discussed, showing that as emitter temperature increases, both cell and system efficiencies are significantly affected (33.05% and 17.57%, respectively), with a maximum discrepancy of 8%. The impact of these properties can reach up to 29% with changes in emitter emissivity, and the optimized bandwidth of ideal spectral selectivity decreases by 50 nm. When considering condition-dependent properties, system efficiency becomes more sensitive than cell efficiency to emitter characteristics. Furthermore, peaks in efficiency of 39.2% and 40.6% are observed with variations in cell thickness and doping concentration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 113003"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113024
Subhranshu Samal, Vivek Rangarajan
Our study introduces an economical solar-powered bioreactor design for producing a model bioproduct, elucidated as a variant of poly-gamma-glutamic acid, using a thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis in a sterile-compromised growth environment. This frugal solar bioreactor (SB) setup repurposes an out-of-service jacketed stirred tank reactor with a working volume of 5 L and incorporates solar photovoltaic (PV) modules and a solar thermal unit to supply the necessary electrical load (1680 Wh) and heat for carrying out 24-hour batch fermentation at 50 °C. By repurposing the condemned equipments, the cost of SB fabrication was brought down by 59 %. In a batch mode of operation, the solar bioreactor yielded a maximum biopolymer concentration of 19.8 ± 0.9 g/L, which was 14.5 % less than the biopolymer titre obtained from a commercial bioreactor under similar production conditions. The molecular weight (MW) of the biopolymer was found to be dependent on the temperature of fermentation, with a maximum MW of 865.7 kDa achieved at 50 °C. It is envisaged that the proposed solar bioreactor design can be used for the effective production of thermophilic bacterial products suited for various low-cost applications.
{"title":"A lab-scale frugal solar bioreactor design for cleaner production of bioproducts from thermophilic bacteria in outdoor conditions","authors":"Subhranshu Samal, Vivek Rangarajan","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Our study introduces an economical solar-powered bioreactor design for producing a model bioproduct, elucidated as a variant of poly-gamma-glutamic acid, using a thermophilic <em>Bacillus licheniformis</em> in a sterile-compromised growth environment. This frugal solar bioreactor (SB) setup repurposes an out-of-service jacketed stirred tank reactor with a working volume of 5 L and incorporates solar photovoltaic (PV) modules and a solar thermal unit to supply the necessary electrical load (1680 Wh) and heat for carrying out 24-hour batch fermentation at 50 °C. By repurposing the condemned equipments, the cost of SB fabrication was brought down by 59 %. In a batch mode of operation, the solar bioreactor yielded a maximum biopolymer concentration of 19.8 ± 0.9 g/L, which was 14.5 % less than the biopolymer titre obtained from a commercial bioreactor under similar production conditions. The molecular weight (MW) of the biopolymer was found to be dependent on the temperature of fermentation, with a maximum MW of 865.7 kDa achieved at 50 °C. It is envisaged that the proposed solar bioreactor design can be used for the effective production of thermophilic bacterial products suited for various low-cost applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 113024"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Silicon solar panels are often overlooked in e-waste recycling technology, even though they contain precious silver (Ag). In order to help meet future global Ag demands and prevent contamination of the environment, all the Ag from end-of-life modules must be recovered instead of landfilled. The most mature Ag recycling recipes use high concentration nitric acid (HNO3) solutions often in combination with heating and agitation. After the Ag is leached, chemical precipitation or electrochemistry is used to recover metallic Ag. However, the process of Ag leaching in the HNO3 system with competing elements from silicon solar cells is not well understood. In this paper, we investigate the thermodynamics governing Ag leaching in low-concentration HNO3 without agitation or heating to expand fundamental knowledge in support of Ag recovery efforts from end-of-life solar panels. ICP-OES is used to quantify the amount of Ag leached in the HNO3 solution over time. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) are used to study the changes on the silicon solar cell surface. Our results suggest when trace tin (Sn) is used in solar cell fingers, it causes Ag to cement in dendritic form.
{"title":"Silver cementation mechanism for leaching silicon solar cells in nitric acid","authors":"Natalie Click , Ioanna Teknetzi , Randall Adcock , Meng Tao , Burçak Ebin","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silicon solar panels are often overlooked in e-waste recycling technology, even though they contain precious silver (Ag). In order to help meet future global Ag demands and prevent contamination of the environment, all the Ag from end-of-life modules must be recovered instead of landfilled. The most mature Ag recycling recipes use high concentration nitric acid (HNO<sub>3</sub>) solutions often in combination with heating and agitation. After the Ag is leached, chemical precipitation or electrochemistry is used to recover metallic Ag. However, the process of Ag leaching in the HNO<sub>3</sub> system with competing elements from silicon solar cells is not well understood. In this paper, we investigate the thermodynamics governing Ag leaching in low-concentration HNO<sub>3</sub> without agitation or heating to expand fundamental knowledge in support of Ag recovery efforts from end-of-life solar panels. ICP-OES is used to quantify the amount of Ag leached in the HNO<sub>3</sub> solution over time. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) are used to study the changes on the silicon solar cell surface. Our results suggest when trace tin (Sn) is used in solar cell fingers, it causes Ag to cement in dendritic form.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 113009"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.112966
Philipe Gunawan Gan, Ye Wang, John Pye
Commercial concentrating solar power (CSP) systems depend on the cost-effective use of storage to provide a valuable service to the electricity grid. However, the tailoring of optimised ‘peaker’ systems, within the context of power purchase agreements (PPA) with variable time-of-day (TOD) pricing has received relatively limited attention. In this study, a system-level model of a particle-based CSP systems with nominal power output of 100 MW˙e is developed with detailed component-level models, a moving-window dispatch optimiser based on linear programming, and AI-based surrogate models of the receiver and power block components to accelerate calculations. The system is optimised for a range of design variables including those for field and tower layout, storage capacity and insulation thickness, for a specified TOD price schedule. System-level optimisation minimises the PPA bid price (), while the dispatch optimiser maximises the TOD-weighted energy output (). The optimal-dispatch system has a capital cost 32% lower than a system designed for immediate dispatch and minimised levelised cost of energy (LCOE), and dispatches 39% less annual electricity, but achieves an average electricity selling price that is nearly double that of the naive LCOE-optimised system. Although these results are specific to the TOD case considered here, this study highlights an integrated approach to CSP system design for high value in a realistic grid context.
商业聚光太阳能发电（CSP）系统依靠具有成本效益的储能技术为电网提供有价值的服务。然而，在不同时段（TOD）定价的购电协议（PPA）背景下，定制优化的 "调峰 "系统受到的关注相对有限。在本研究中，开发了一个额定功率输出为 100 兆瓦的粒子式 CSP 系统的系统级模型，其中包括详细的组件级模型、基于线性规划的移动窗口调度优化器，以及用于加速计算的基于人工智能的接收器和功率模块组件的代理模型。该系统针对一系列设计变量进行了优化，包括电场和塔架布局、存储容量和绝缘厚度，以及指定的 TOD 价格表。系统级优化使 PPA 投标价格（Lbid）最小化，而调度优化器则使 TOD 加权能量输出（T̄E）最大化。优化调度系统的资本成本比为即时调度和能源平准化成本（LCOE）最小化而设计的系统低 32%，年调度电量减少 39%，但实现的平均售电价格几乎是天真的 LCOE 优化系统的两倍。尽管这些结果是针对本文所考虑的 TOD 案例得出的，但本研究强调了在现实电网环境中实现高价值的 CSP 系统设计综合方法。
{"title":"AI-aided optimisation and technoeconomic analysis of peaker particle-based concentrated solar power","authors":"Philipe Gunawan Gan, Ye Wang, John Pye","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.112966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.112966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Commercial concentrating solar power (CSP) systems depend on the cost-effective use of storage to provide a valuable service to the electricity grid. However, the tailoring of optimised ‘peaker’ systems, within the context of power purchase agreements (PPA) with variable time-of-day (TOD) pricing has received relatively limited attention. In this study, a system-level model of a particle-based CSP systems with nominal power output of 100<!--> <!-->MW˙e is developed with detailed component-level models, a moving-window dispatch optimiser based on linear programming, and AI-based surrogate models of the receiver and power block components to accelerate calculations. The system is optimised for a range of design variables including those for field and tower layout, storage capacity and insulation thickness, for a specified TOD price schedule. System-level optimisation minimises the PPA bid price (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>bid</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>), while the dispatch optimiser maximises the TOD-weighted energy output (<span><math><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>̄</mo></mrow></mover><mi>E</mi></mrow></math></span>). The optimal-dispatch system has a capital cost 32% lower than a system designed for immediate dispatch and minimised levelised cost of energy (LCOE), and dispatches 39% less annual electricity, but achieves an average electricity selling price that is nearly double that of the naive LCOE-optimised system. Although these results are specific to the TOD case considered here, this study highlights an integrated approach to CSP system design for high value in a realistic grid context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 112966"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113002
Prasanta Majumder , Bachu Deb , Rajat Gupta , Kanthala Uma Reddy , Abhijit Bhowmik , Pritam Das , Pradip Dutta
The design of a relevant solar air collector (SAC) is imperative to make the drying industries self-reliant and sustainable in terms of energy. However, the literature doesn’t describe the coherent design assessment of SAC, and its viability for a drying system provided the scale-up opportunity for commercial applications. Hence, the present work was devoted to estimating the heat load for a particular drying condition, a methodological understanding of SAC design, and an investigation of the performance of the newly developed solar collector. The essential design criteria were the moisture content of fresh and intended dried items, physical attributes of items, dryer capacity, preferred drying temperature, projected drying duration, required air speed (based on dryer type), and local climate (solar radiation, ambient temperature and relative humidity). The regular semi-hexagonal shape aluminium (Al) sheet was chosen to introduce air turbulence while maximizing the surface area available for heat transfer. The regular semi-hexagonal absorber was outfitted with helical springs to generate air turbulence and augment heat transfer. A double glazing (polycarbonate) of 5 mm apart was mounted to impede radiation heat loss. Three successive days of the experimental study showed that the average temperature increases of air passing through SAC were 36.02 °C, 37 °C, and 39.2 °C. The optimal tilt angle with the horizontal surface was found to be 35° in a south-facing direction for the month of January. The highest energy efficiency was found to be 40.5 %, while the lowest was found to be 24.73 %. The sustainability index of the SAC was found to be 1.02. The experimental results clearly demonstrate that the designed SAC was capable of supplying adequate heat energy (at the minimum of 155.86 W/hr.) to meet the necessary heat load (125.82 W/hr.) for agro-products drying at the designed capacity.
{"title":"Design and assessment of an adapted absorber solar air collector tailored for sustainable drying applications","authors":"Prasanta Majumder , Bachu Deb , Rajat Gupta , Kanthala Uma Reddy , Abhijit Bhowmik , Pritam Das , Pradip Dutta","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.113002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The design of a relevant solar air collector (SAC) is imperative to make the drying industries self-reliant and sustainable in terms of energy. However, the literature doesn’t describe the coherent design assessment of SAC, and its viability for a drying system provided the scale-up opportunity for commercial applications. Hence, the present work was devoted to estimating the heat load for a particular drying condition, a methodological understanding of SAC design, and an investigation of the performance of the newly developed solar collector. The essential design criteria were the moisture content of fresh and intended dried items, physical attributes of items, dryer capacity, preferred drying temperature, projected drying duration, required air speed (based on dryer type), and local climate (solar radiation, ambient temperature and relative humidity). The regular semi-hexagonal shape aluminium (Al) sheet was chosen to introduce air turbulence while maximizing the surface area available for heat transfer. The regular semi-hexagonal absorber was outfitted with helical springs to generate air turbulence and augment heat transfer. A double glazing (polycarbonate) of 5 mm apart was mounted to impede radiation heat loss. Three successive days of the experimental study showed that the average temperature increases of air passing through SAC were 36.02 °C, 37 °C, and 39.2 °C. The optimal tilt angle with the horizontal surface was found to be 35° in a south-facing direction for the month of January. The highest energy efficiency was found to be 40.5 %, while the lowest was found to be 24.73 %. The sustainability index of the SAC was found to be 1.02. The experimental results clearly demonstrate that the designed SAC was capable of supplying adequate heat energy (at the minimum of 155.86 W/hr.) to meet the necessary heat load (125.82 W/hr.) for agro-products drying at the designed capacity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 113002"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.112969
Chuanyong Shao, Anne Migan-Dubois, Demba Diallo
The Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) system replaces some conventional building materials with photovoltaic modules, making integrating solar energy in towns and cities possible. Unfortunately, partial shading conditions (PSC) are widespread in urban areas and reduce the power produced. There are several solutions for minimizing the effect of static shading by reconfiguring PV module connections. The problem is that shading tends to be dynamic. In this work, using Building Information Modeling (BIM), shading due to neighboring buildings can be predicted, and production performance can be evaluated using optimal reconfiguration methods. Homogeneous and Heterogeneous building distributions are considered as the PV-installation environment in this work. The analysis indicators are hourly power and daily energy losses due to desynchronization. The results of this work show that the Total-Cross-Tied configuration is the most suitable for minimizing the effect of static or dynamic shading among the traditional PV configurations. In the case of dynamic shading, the Sudoku technique is the best compromise. By using the appropriate reconfiguration strategy, the produced energy of the BIPV system can be improved by 5 to 10%.
{"title":"Performance of BIPV system under partial shading condition","authors":"Chuanyong Shao, Anne Migan-Dubois, Demba Diallo","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.112969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2024.112969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) system replaces some conventional building materials with photovoltaic modules, making integrating solar energy in towns and cities possible. Unfortunately, partial shading conditions (PSC) are widespread in urban areas and reduce the power produced. There are several solutions for minimizing the effect of static shading by reconfiguring PV module connections. The problem is that shading tends to be dynamic. In this work, using Building Information Modeling (BIM), shading due to neighboring buildings can be predicted, and production performance can be evaluated using optimal reconfiguration methods. Homogeneous and Heterogeneous building distributions are considered as the PV-installation environment in this work. The analysis indicators are hourly power and daily energy losses due to desynchronization. The results of this work show that the Total-Cross-Tied configuration is the most suitable for minimizing the effect of static or dynamic shading among the traditional PV configurations. In the case of dynamic shading, the Sudoku technique is the best compromise. By using the appropriate reconfiguration strategy, the produced energy of the BIPV system can be improved by 5 to 10%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 112969"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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