Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-07-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100935
Rahim Maleknia , Aureliu-Florin Hălălişan , Bogdan Popa , Mohammad Reza Pakravan-Charvadeh
Ecotourism holds significant potential to reduce local communities' dependence on forest resources for their livelihoods while directly contributing to forest conservation by purchase of locally produced goods, particularly in protected forest areas. Understanding the factors that shape tourists' intentions to buy these products, as well as their actual purchasing behaviors, is crucial for promoting sustainable consumption patterns. This study addresses a critical research gap by extending the theory of planned behavior to incorporate two additional variables: the perceived impact of purchasing on conservation and environmental knowledge. Data were collected from 445 ecotourists through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using structural equation modeling. The inclusion of these additional variables enhanced the model's explanatory power for intention, increasing from 0.48 to 0.65, and improved its predictive accuracy for behavior from 0.43 to 0.50. Hypothesis testing confirmed that tourists' attitudes, perceived social norms, perceived behavioral control, environmental knowledge, and the perceived conservation impact of purchasing all had significant positive effects on their behavioral intentions, which, in turn, positively influenced purchasing behavior. However, the findings also revealed a gap between intention and actual behavior, as not all expressed intentions to buy local products translated into action. These insights offer valuable implications for both management and policy. Strengthening tourists' environmental knowledge, fostering positive attitudes, ensuring the availability of local products, and enhancing confidence in their conservation impact can effectively encourage both purchasing intentions and actual behaviors, ultimately supporting sustainable ecotourism practices.
{"title":"Consumption for conservation: determinants of purchasing local products by ecotourists to conserving protected forests","authors":"Rahim Maleknia , Aureliu-Florin Hălălişan , Bogdan Popa , Mohammad Reza Pakravan-Charvadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ecotourism holds significant potential to reduce local communities' dependence on forest resources for their livelihoods while directly contributing to forest conservation by purchase of locally produced goods, particularly in protected forest areas. Understanding the factors that shape tourists' intentions to buy these products, as well as their actual purchasing behaviors, is crucial for promoting sustainable consumption patterns. This study addresses a critical research gap by extending the theory of planned behavior to incorporate two additional variables: the perceived impact of purchasing on conservation and environmental knowledge. Data were collected from 445 ecotourists through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using structural equation modeling. The inclusion of these additional variables enhanced the model's explanatory power for intention, increasing from 0.48 to 0.65, and improved its predictive accuracy for behavior from 0.43 to 0.50. Hypothesis testing confirmed that tourists' attitudes, perceived social norms, perceived behavioral control, environmental knowledge, and the perceived conservation impact of purchasing all had significant positive effects on their behavioral intentions, which, in turn, positively influenced purchasing behavior. However, the findings also revealed a gap between intention and actual behavior, as not all expressed intentions to buy local products translated into action. These insights offer valuable implications for both management and policy. Strengthening tourists' environmental knowledge, fostering positive attitudes, ensuring the availability of local products, and enhancing confidence in their conservation impact can effectively encourage both purchasing intentions and actual behaviors, ultimately supporting sustainable ecotourism practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100935"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144714291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-06-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100903
David A. Thomas, Stephanie J. Tibbert
England has a rich and popular hiking culture, yet the unique psychological dynamics of solo hiking remain underexplored. This study examined solo hikers' risk perceptions, motivations, and well-being through a critical realist lens. Go-along interviews with ten solo hikers across English trails were thematically analysed. Findings suggest that sociocultural factors, including early exposure and athletic identity, shaped risk perception, yet risk was also reframed as an opportunity for personal growth through repeated solo hiking exposure. Intrinsic motivations for solo hiking aligned with self-determination theory, including autonomy, competence, and relatedness, while the drive to move emerged as an additional factor in movement regulation. Psychological benefits included cognitive restoration, emotional self-regulation, and awe-induced shifts in perspective. These were heightened by an embodied multisensory immersion in nature. These findings contribute to the psychological understanding of solo hiking in England, underscoring the need for socially and culturally sensitive policies to enhance safety, accessibility, and therapeutic application. Future research should explore diverse populations and the long-term implications of solo hiking for well-being.
{"title":"Solo steps: A critical realist analysis of the risks, motivations, and psychological benefits of solo hiking in England","authors":"David A. Thomas, Stephanie J. Tibbert","doi":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>England has a rich and popular hiking culture, yet the unique psychological dynamics of solo hiking remain underexplored. This study examined solo hikers' risk perceptions, motivations, and well-being through a critical realist lens. Go-along interviews with ten solo hikers across English trails were thematically analysed. Findings suggest that sociocultural factors, including early exposure and athletic identity, shaped risk perception, yet risk was also reframed as an opportunity for personal growth through repeated solo hiking exposure. Intrinsic motivations for solo hiking aligned with self-determination theory, including autonomy, competence, and relatedness, while the drive to move emerged as an additional factor in movement regulation. Psychological benefits included cognitive restoration, emotional self-regulation, and awe-induced shifts in perspective. These were heightened by an embodied multisensory immersion in nature. These findings contribute to the psychological understanding of solo hiking in England, underscoring the need for socially and culturally sensitive policies to enhance safety, accessibility, and therapeutic application. Future research should explore diverse populations and the long-term implications of solo hiking for well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100903"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144270651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-07-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100932
Jingwei Zhao, Panpan Wang, Xintao Li
Urban green spaces fulfill a variety of essential functions, with ecological quality and recreational activity being two crucial aspects. However, the literature on these two aspects has largely remained separate, with most studies exploring the determining factors of just one aspect. As a result, achieving the dual purposes of encouraging recreation participation and conserving the environment has proven to be a challenge. Ecological quality was measured by integrating the reference condition approach with the index method in 14 urban green spaces. Recreation participation was determined by counting the number of visitors engaging in recreational activities, and recreational activity diversity was calculated using the Shannon–Wiener index. Subsequently, this study calculated the coexistence of ecological quality and recreation participation, as well as the coexistence of ecological quality and recreational activity diversity. No significant relationship was observed between ecological quality and recreation participation or recreational activity diversity. More buildings and less paved areas were identified as factors that promoted the coexistence of ecological quality and recreation participation, as well as the coexistence of ecological quality and recreational activity diversity. Additionally, the coverage of woody plants positively predicted the coexistence of ecological quality and recreation participation. Visual naturalness was identified as a positive predictor, while the coverage of lawns acted as a negative predictor of the coexistence of ecological quality and recreational activity diversity. These findings provide valuable insight into the multifunctional design and management of urban green spaces.
{"title":"Investigating the coexistence of ecological quality and recreational activity in urban green spaces during the summer","authors":"Jingwei Zhao, Panpan Wang, Xintao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban green spaces fulfill a variety of essential functions, with ecological quality and recreational activity being two crucial aspects. However, the literature on these two aspects has largely remained separate, with most studies exploring the determining factors of just one aspect. As a result, achieving the dual purposes of encouraging recreation participation and conserving the environment has proven to be a challenge. Ecological quality was measured by integrating the reference condition approach with the index method in 14 urban green spaces. Recreation participation was determined by counting the number of visitors engaging in recreational activities, and recreational activity diversity was calculated using the Shannon–Wiener index. Subsequently, this study calculated the coexistence of ecological quality and recreation participation, as well as the coexistence of ecological quality and recreational activity diversity. No significant relationship was observed between ecological quality and recreation participation or recreational activity diversity. More buildings and less paved areas were identified as factors that promoted the coexistence of ecological quality and recreation participation, as well as the coexistence of ecological quality and recreational activity diversity. Additionally, the coverage of woody plants positively predicted the coexistence of ecological quality and recreation participation. Visual naturalness was identified as a positive predictor, while the coverage of lawns acted as a negative predictor of the coexistence of ecological quality and recreational activity diversity. These findings provide valuable insight into the multifunctional design and management of urban green spaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100932"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-06-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100911
Ahmed Shams
The process of assigning, changing and promoting place-names and points-of-interest on maps and panoramas raises public eco-cultural interest in Alpine landscapes. The maps territorialise the bio or constructed regions. This led to a misperception of unchanging place-names and points-of-interest, accessibility, feature types or land cover on the ordnance survey saturated maps. Yet, these are subjected to a more profound temporality due to climate change and the change in tourism consumption of aesthetic landscape values. Founded on the cartographic theory and field surveys in Alto Adige/Südtirol, this paper introduces a new spatio-market analysis methodology. The methodology spatially segments the landscape characteristics and funnels the visitor preference into different levels of tourism flow and landscape attraction points. Unlike the monitoring points of tourism flow or the randomly distributed viewpoints used in the scenic beauty models, this methodology analyses the planned and actual points-of-eco-cultural-interest in the market space, i.e., ‘Impact Density of Tourism Flow’ indicator.
{"title":"Tourism flow and the consumption of aesthetic landscape values in high-elevation mountain areas in the Alps: A cartographic and spatio-market methodology","authors":"Ahmed Shams","doi":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The process of assigning, changing and promoting place-names and points-of-interest on maps and panoramas raises public eco-cultural interest in Alpine landscapes. The maps territorialise the bio or constructed regions. This led to a misperception of unchanging place-names and points-of-interest, accessibility, feature types or land cover on the ordnance survey saturated maps. Yet, these are subjected to a more profound temporality due to climate change and the change in tourism consumption of aesthetic landscape values. Founded on the cartographic theory and field surveys in Alto Adige/Südtirol, this paper introduces a new spatio-market analysis methodology. The methodology spatially segments the landscape characteristics and funnels the visitor preference into different levels of tourism flow and landscape attraction points. Unlike the monitoring points of tourism flow or the randomly distributed viewpoints used in the scenic beauty models, this methodology analyses the planned and actual points-of-eco-cultural-interest in the market space, i.e., ‘Impact Density of Tourism Flow’ indicator.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100911"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144290847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-07-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100927
Peng Yang, Juho Pesonen
This study explores hiking experiences of Finns within a nation-specific online community. Understanding hiking experiences is crucial for outdoor recreation and tourism management. Academic research on the topic has so far predominantly focused on English-language content and often overlooked the contextual factor of online communities. This study aims to increase our understanding of the hiking experience by comparing two groups of Finnish reviewers: those who wrote their reviews in Finnish and those who wrote in English.
The online hiking community of our research comprises 272 individual reviewers on Tripadvisor. Among them, 155 posted reviews only in Finnish, 110 posted only in English, and 6 contributed to both languages. At the end, a total of 329 hiking-related reviews were collected, including 144 in English and 185 in Finnish. The two language groups are compared regarding contribution level, types of hikers, image sharing, travel month, satisfaction ratings, and hiking region. In addition, qualitative content analysis examined the reviews in terms of focus, tone, and audience.
Findings show shared trends such as peak hiking in July, high satisfaction levels, and frequent use of photos. However, differences emerged in engagement patterns, types of hikers, and preferred regions. English reviews often used expressive and tourist-oriented language and address broader audiences. Finnish reviews focused on practical trail details and used a nostalgic tone. Their reviews appeared more oriented toward experienced local hikers.
The study contributes to understanding hiking experiences by showing that the language of reviews matters significantly. It supports the development of multilingual communication strategies and complements socio-economic analyses. For park management, the results suggest practical strategies.
{"title":"Does language make a difference? Exploring the hiking experience of a nation-specific online community","authors":"Peng Yang, Juho Pesonen","doi":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores hiking experiences of Finns within a nation-specific online community. Understanding hiking experiences is crucial for outdoor recreation and tourism management. Academic research on the topic has so far predominantly focused on English-language content and often overlooked the contextual factor of online communities. This study aims to increase our understanding of the hiking experience by comparing two groups of Finnish reviewers: those who wrote their reviews in Finnish and those who wrote in English.</div><div>The online hiking community of our research comprises 272 individual reviewers on Tripadvisor. Among them, 155 posted reviews only in Finnish, 110 posted only in English, and 6 contributed to both languages. At the end, a total of 329 hiking-related reviews were collected, including 144 in English and 185 in Finnish. The two language groups are compared regarding contribution level, types of hikers, image sharing, travel month, satisfaction ratings, and hiking region. In addition, qualitative content analysis examined the reviews in terms of focus, tone, and audience.</div><div>Findings show shared trends such as peak hiking in July, high satisfaction levels, and frequent use of photos. However, differences emerged in engagement patterns, types of hikers, and preferred regions. English reviews often used expressive and tourist-oriented language and address broader audiences. Finnish reviews focused on practical trail details and used a nostalgic tone. Their reviews appeared more oriented toward experienced local hikers.</div><div>The study contributes to understanding hiking experiences by showing that the language of reviews matters significantly. It supports the development of multilingual communication strategies and complements socio-economic analyses. For park management, the results suggest practical strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100927"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-07-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100919
Chaitanya Suárez-Rojas , Yen E. Lam-González , Juan Carlos Martín
Whale-watching is a significant economic activity in many regions worldwide. However, meeting whale-watchers’ expectations present sustainability challenges. This study analyses the demanding behaviour of whale-watchers using a Fuzzy-Hybrid TOPSIS method to empirically validate a ‘whale-watching (un)demanding behaviour’ synthetic index. This index predicts how socioeconomic and travel-related factors influence the level of demand placed on the activity. We assessed 19 ‘importance-items’ (i.e., key aspects of the whale-watching experience) identifying critical covariates that shape the synthetic index. Our fieldwork surveyed 490 travellers following whale-watching excursions in the Canary Islands, Madeira and the Azores. Findings indicate that undemanding behaviours are desirable in whale-watching. The feature of being ‘undemanding’ is present in tourists who consider the activity's educational content and responsible environmental management over close-up whale encounters. From a managerial perspective, the index serves as a decision-making tool to promote more responsible practices in the industry.
{"title":"Not so demanding! Employing the Fuzzy-hybrid TOPSIS to explain (un)demanding whale-watcher behaviour","authors":"Chaitanya Suárez-Rojas , Yen E. Lam-González , Juan Carlos Martín","doi":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Whale-watching is a significant economic activity in many regions worldwide. However, meeting whale-watchers’ expectations present sustainability challenges. This study analyses the demanding behaviour of whale-watchers using a Fuzzy-Hybrid TOPSIS method to empirically validate a ‘whale-watching (un)demanding behaviour’ synthetic index. This index predicts how socioeconomic and travel-related factors influence the level of demand placed on the activity. We assessed 19 ‘<em>importance-items’</em> (i.e., key aspects of the whale-watching experience) identifying critical covariates that shape the synthetic index. Our fieldwork surveyed 490 travellers following whale-watching excursions in the Canary Islands, Madeira and the Azores. Findings indicate that undemanding behaviours are desirable in whale-watching. The feature of being ‘undemanding’ is present in tourists who consider the activity's educational content and responsible environmental management over close-up whale encounters. From a managerial perspective, the index serves as a decision-making tool to promote more responsible practices in the industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100919"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-07-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100920
Bin Zhou , Minghui Huang , Minchen Huang , Shintaro Kono , Qihao Xiong , Lulu Wang
Forest leisure experience is a recognized source of psychological well-being (PWB). However, as an essential aspect of the leisure experience, the specific influence of perceived freedom in leisure on PWB in forest parks remains understudied. Guided by Basic Psychological Needs Theory (BPNT), we surveyed 404 forest park visitors and used PLS-SEM to analyze the data. The relationship between perceived freedom in leisure and PWB was explored, along with the moderating roles of self-restoration and education in that relationship. Findings indicated that all four dimensions of perceived freedom in leisure (perceived competence, perceived control, perceived needs, and perceived depth of involvement) were positively associated with forest park visitors’ PWB. Self-restoration strengthened the effects of perceived control and depth of involvement, yet education weakened the impact of perceived control. These findings offered new insights into the possible mechanisms through which forest park visit affects people's PWB and further provided some managerial implications for practitioners and policymakers.
{"title":"The influence of perceived freedom in leisure on visitors' psychological well-being: Evidence from Xishan National Forest Park, China","authors":"Bin Zhou , Minghui Huang , Minchen Huang , Shintaro Kono , Qihao Xiong , Lulu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forest leisure experience is a recognized source of psychological well-being (PWB). However, as an essential aspect of the leisure experience, the specific influence of perceived freedom in leisure on PWB in forest parks remains understudied. Guided by Basic Psychological Needs Theory (BPNT), we surveyed 404 forest park visitors and used PLS-SEM to analyze the data. The relationship between perceived freedom in leisure and PWB was explored, along with the moderating roles of self-restoration and education in that relationship. Findings indicated that all four dimensions of perceived freedom in leisure (perceived competence, perceived control, perceived needs, and perceived depth of involvement) were positively associated with forest park visitors’ PWB. Self-restoration strengthened the effects of perceived control and depth of involvement, yet education weakened the impact of perceived control. These findings offered new insights into the possible mechanisms through which forest park visit affects people's PWB and further provided some managerial implications for practitioners and policymakers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100920"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-08-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100936
Noah D. Cohen , M. Dylan Spencer
One of the best examples of balancing conservation with recreation-based tourism is the United States National Park System. With millions of visits per year in many parks, incidents of disorder are inevitable. Despite the limited amount of past literature examining more formal crime within national parks, to date, no studies have examined incidents of disorder or how these might affect recreation in these public spaces. This study examines over 74,000 incidents of disorder from 2000 to 2023 across four national parks using citation data from the Central Violations Bureau. These incidents were categorized and analyzed descriptively and longitudinally using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models. The study finds that disorder is infrequent relative to visitation, with traffic-related citations comprising approximately 66 % of all incidents. In contrast, only about 5 % of citations were directly related to conservation or natural resources. These findings provide an empirical foundation for informing low-cost, prevention-oriented park management strategies.
Management implications
-
Long-term monitoring and categorization of disorder incidents in national parks can help managers anticipate trends and adapt strategies to reduce routine infractions.
-
Analysis of longitudinal trends using ARIMA models can help identify temporal and spatial hotspots for disorder, enabling park managers to allocate resources more effectively to these areas.
-
Educating park visitors about the consequences of disorder and their role in preserving natural environments can foster a culture of stewardship, enhancing both conservation and recreation experiences.
-
The study's insights can guide preparedness plans for future crises (e.g., surges in visitation, environmental stressors), ensuring park management remains resilient and effective in balancing recreation and conservation.
{"title":"Recreation and disarray: Analysis of disorder in U.S. national parks","authors":"Noah D. Cohen , M. Dylan Spencer","doi":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the best examples of balancing conservation with recreation-based tourism is the United States National Park System. With millions of visits per year in many parks, incidents of disorder are inevitable. Despite the limited amount of past literature examining more formal crime within national parks, to date, no studies have examined incidents of disorder or how these might affect recreation in these public spaces. This study examines over 74,000 incidents of disorder from 2000 to 2023 across four national parks using citation data from the <em>Central Violations Bureau</em>. These incidents were categorized and analyzed descriptively and longitudinally using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models. The study finds that disorder is infrequent relative to visitation, with traffic-related citations comprising approximately 66 % of all incidents. In contrast, only about 5 % of citations were directly related to conservation or natural resources. These findings provide an empirical foundation for informing low-cost, prevention-oriented park management strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Management implications</h3><div><ul><li><span>-</span><span><div>Long-term monitoring and categorization of disorder incidents in national parks can help managers anticipate trends and adapt strategies to reduce routine infractions.</div></span></li><li><span>-</span><span><div>Analysis of longitudinal trends using ARIMA models can help identify temporal and spatial hotspots for disorder, enabling park managers to allocate resources more effectively to these areas.</div></span></li><li><span>-</span><span><div>Educating park visitors about the consequences of disorder and their role in preserving natural environments can foster a culture of stewardship, enhancing both conservation and recreation experiences.</div></span></li><li><span>-</span><span><div>The study's insights can guide preparedness plans for future crises (e.g., surges in visitation, environmental stressors), ensuring park management remains resilient and effective in balancing recreation and conservation.</div></span></li></ul></div></div>","PeriodicalId":46931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100936"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144780140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-07-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100933
Xia Wei , Sreetheran Maruthaveeran , Mohd Fairuz Shahidan , Tao Sha
<div><div>Brownfield spatial landscape regeneration is an important direction to cope with urban land use conflicts, and it is an important outdoor tourism carrier that displays the historical characteristics of the city. However, the existing brownfield regeneration space generally suffers from the double dilemma of quality fault and feature dissolution, which leads to the risk of spatial vitality decay and secondary abandonment. This research innovatively constructs a comprehensive evaluation system for the regeneration quality of brownfield landscapes. By integrating fuzzy mathematics and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP), it breaks through the limitations of traditional single-dimension assessment and, for the first time, incorporates several interdisciplinary indicators, such as spatial resilience, cultural legibility, and industry coupling, into the assessment framework. Taking Xi'an Banpo International Art Park as the empirical object, the research finds that its comprehensive index of regeneration quality is 79.19 (Acceptable), especially in the dimensions of business form (0.84), online and offline information dissemination (0.99, 0.91), and regional cultural self-confidence (1.45), revealing a significant shortcoming. This study calls for the construction of a "culture-technology-governance" triadic theoretical framework and proposes a "spatial gene restoration-industrial entropy regulation-digital brand symbiosis" optimization strategy, which forms a "visitor-community-manager" triadic synergy mechanism and makes up for the inadequacy of the existing brownfield regeneration theory in dynamic adaptation research. This assessment system not only provides a relocatable decision-making tool for urban regeneration but also reveals the non-linear evolution law of industrial heritage tourism space regeneration, which is of theoretical construction value for the establishment of brownfield regeneration assessment standards with Chinese characteristics and provides new ideas for the transformation of industrial heritage in global countries.</div></div><div><h3>Management implications</h3><div><ul><li><span></span><span><div>1.Through the adaptive and innovative FAHP, we constructed a comprehensive evaluation system for the spatial quality of brownfield tourism, quantitatively analyzed multiple driving factors such as physical environment, cultural readability, and industry coupling, and provided new ideas and decision-making tools for urban planning managers.</div></span></li><li><span></span><span><div>2.Xi'an Banpo International Art Park's advantages include physical, functional, and cultural factors, while its disadvantageous factors focus on emotional and informational factors; managers need to adopt the strategy of "making good use of strengths and compensating for weaknesses": strengthening the extraction of cultural IP symbols and implanting intelligent navigation systems to activate the vitality of the space.</div></span></li><li><s
{"title":"To develop or to be abandoned again? Tourism spatial quality assessment of brownfield landscape regeneration: A case study of Xi'an Banpo International Art Park, China","authors":"Xia Wei , Sreetheran Maruthaveeran , Mohd Fairuz Shahidan , Tao Sha","doi":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brownfield spatial landscape regeneration is an important direction to cope with urban land use conflicts, and it is an important outdoor tourism carrier that displays the historical characteristics of the city. However, the existing brownfield regeneration space generally suffers from the double dilemma of quality fault and feature dissolution, which leads to the risk of spatial vitality decay and secondary abandonment. This research innovatively constructs a comprehensive evaluation system for the regeneration quality of brownfield landscapes. By integrating fuzzy mathematics and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP), it breaks through the limitations of traditional single-dimension assessment and, for the first time, incorporates several interdisciplinary indicators, such as spatial resilience, cultural legibility, and industry coupling, into the assessment framework. Taking Xi'an Banpo International Art Park as the empirical object, the research finds that its comprehensive index of regeneration quality is 79.19 (Acceptable), especially in the dimensions of business form (0.84), online and offline information dissemination (0.99, 0.91), and regional cultural self-confidence (1.45), revealing a significant shortcoming. This study calls for the construction of a \"culture-technology-governance\" triadic theoretical framework and proposes a \"spatial gene restoration-industrial entropy regulation-digital brand symbiosis\" optimization strategy, which forms a \"visitor-community-manager\" triadic synergy mechanism and makes up for the inadequacy of the existing brownfield regeneration theory in dynamic adaptation research. This assessment system not only provides a relocatable decision-making tool for urban regeneration but also reveals the non-linear evolution law of industrial heritage tourism space regeneration, which is of theoretical construction value for the establishment of brownfield regeneration assessment standards with Chinese characteristics and provides new ideas for the transformation of industrial heritage in global countries.</div></div><div><h3>Management implications</h3><div><ul><li><span></span><span><div>1.Through the adaptive and innovative FAHP, we constructed a comprehensive evaluation system for the spatial quality of brownfield tourism, quantitatively analyzed multiple driving factors such as physical environment, cultural readability, and industry coupling, and provided new ideas and decision-making tools for urban planning managers.</div></span></li><li><span></span><span><div>2.Xi'an Banpo International Art Park's advantages include physical, functional, and cultural factors, while its disadvantageous factors focus on emotional and informational factors; managers need to adopt the strategy of \"making good use of strengths and compensating for weaknesses\": strengthening the extraction of cultural IP symbols and implanting intelligent navigation systems to activate the vitality of the space.</div></span></li><li><s","PeriodicalId":46931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100933"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144721224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-06-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jort.2025.100902
Andrés Felipe García-Londoño , Blanca Roldán-Clarà
This systematic review examines the multifaceted impacts of felid-based tourism across ecological, social, and economic domains. Analysis reveals complex patterns of interaction between tourism operations and felid populations, with behavioral modifications, human-wildlife conflicts, and cultural-emblematic significance emerging as dominant themes. Research demonstrates pronounced geographical concentration in African and Asian contexts, with substantial taxonomic bias toward lions, leopards, and tigers. Evidence indicates predominantly negative ecological consequences from inadequate management frameworks, though some populations demonstrate remarkable resilience through adaptive behavioral strategies. While tourism generates substantial economic value and potentially catalyzes conservation initiatives, risks of overdependence and inequitable benefit distribution necessitate careful consideration. Human-felid conflict dynamics reveal intricate relationships with tourism development, where proper management can foster coexistence through economic alternatives and attitudinal changes. Tourism's contribution to scientific research and environmental education shows promise, particularly through citizen science initiatives, though systematic biases in research coverage warrant attention. Implementation of sustainable tourism frameworks requires comprehensive management protocols incorporating standardized monitoring systems, evidence-based viewing guidelines, and robust community engagement mechanisms. This synthesis provides foundation for evidence-based tourism management while illuminating critical pathways toward optimizing conservation outcomes through carefully balanced development approaches.
{"title":"Impacts of wildlife tourism based on felids: A systematic review","authors":"Andrés Felipe García-Londoño , Blanca Roldán-Clarà","doi":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jort.2025.100902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This systematic review examines the multifaceted impacts of felid-based tourism across ecological, social, and economic domains. Analysis reveals complex patterns of interaction between tourism operations and felid populations, with behavioral modifications, human-wildlife conflicts, and cultural-emblematic significance emerging as dominant themes. Research demonstrates pronounced geographical concentration in African and Asian contexts, with substantial taxonomic bias toward lions, leopards, and tigers. Evidence indicates predominantly negative ecological consequences from inadequate management frameworks, though some populations demonstrate remarkable resilience through adaptive behavioral strategies. While tourism generates substantial economic value and potentially catalyzes conservation initiatives, risks of overdependence and inequitable benefit distribution necessitate careful consideration. Human-felid conflict dynamics reveal intricate relationships with tourism development, where proper management can foster coexistence through economic alternatives and attitudinal changes. Tourism's contribution to scientific research and environmental education shows promise, particularly through citizen science initiatives, though systematic biases in research coverage warrant attention. Implementation of sustainable tourism frameworks requires comprehensive management protocols incorporating standardized monitoring systems, evidence-based viewing guidelines, and robust community engagement mechanisms. This synthesis provides foundation for evidence-based tourism management while illuminating critical pathways toward optimizing conservation outcomes through carefully balanced development approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 100902"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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