While much research has been conducted related to COVID-19's impact on travel, little research has examined the underlying determinants of changes in behavior and how it shifted across time. Grounded by the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the concept of constraint negotiation, this qualitative study simulates a longitudinal method to understand traveler behavior changes before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. In-depth interviews revealed that behavioral changes were and will be influenced by travelers' attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Furthermore, the results suggest that each dimension of the TPB interacts with the others during the travel decision-making process. Travelers' ability to negotiate constraints was also found to play an important role in influencing participants' behaviors, suggesting it to be a strong addition to the TPB. Practical implications include important directions for destinations to better understand visitors' attitudes, the roles of others, and how to aid in reducing constraints.
{"title":"Understanding Traveler Behavior Before, During, and Post COVID-19","authors":"Xiaoxu Wang, James F. Petrick","doi":"10.1002/jtr.70137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.70137","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While much research has been conducted related to COVID-19's impact on travel, little research has examined the underlying determinants of changes in behavior and how it shifted across time. Grounded by the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the concept of constraint negotiation, this qualitative study simulates a longitudinal method to understand traveler behavior changes before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. In-depth interviews revealed that behavioral changes were and will be influenced by travelers' attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Furthermore, the results suggest that each dimension of the TPB interacts with the others during the travel decision-making process. Travelers' ability to negotiate constraints was also found to play an important role in influencing participants' behaviors, suggesting it to be a strong addition to the TPB. Practical implications include important directions for destinations to better understand visitors' attitudes, the roles of others, and how to aid in reducing constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":51375,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Tourism Research","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jtr.70137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145317723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seieun Kim, Aura Lydia Riswanto, Sonam Sherpa, Hak-Seon Kim
This study explored factors influencing customer satisfaction and visiting intention at Michelin-starred restaurants in Thailand, key attractions for visitors. Using 11,887 Google Maps reviews, frequency and co-occurrence analyses via KH Coder identified four clusters: Food Quality, Service and Ambiance, Value for Money, and Time Risk. EFA and linear regression with SPSS revealed that Food Quality positively affected satisfaction, while Service and Ambiance, Value for Money, and Time Risk had negative impacts. A survey of 291 Generation Z respondents showed Food Quality (β = 0.201, p < 0.001), Service and Ambiance (β = 0.331, p < 0.001), and Value for Money (β = 0.317, p = 0.007) positively influenced attitudes, which strongly affected visiting intentions (β = 0.802, p < 0.001). These findings highlight Food Quality as central to satisfaction and preference formation, urging Michelin-starred restaurants to prioritize culinary excellence to attract and retain customers in a competitive market.
本研究探讨泰国米其林星级餐厅顾客满意度及到访意向的影响因素。通过11,887份谷歌地图评论,KH Coder对频率和共现性进行了分析,确定了四个集群:食品质量、服务和氛围、物有所值和时间风险。EFA和SPSS线性回归分析显示,食品质量对满意度有正向影响,而服务和氛围、物有所值和时间风险对满意度有负向影响。一项对291名Z世代受访者的调查显示,食品质量(β = 0.201, p < 0.001)、服务和氛围(β = 0.331, p < 0.001)和物有所值(β = 0.317, p = 0.007)正向影响态度,而态度对访问意向有强烈影响(β = 0.802, p < 0.001)。这些发现强调了食物质量是满意度和偏好形成的核心,敦促米其林星级餐厅优先考虑卓越的烹饪,以在竞争激烈的市场中吸引和留住顾客。
{"title":"Generation Z's Michelin Choices: Survey and Big Data Insights Into Thailand's Michelin-Starred Restaurants","authors":"Seieun Kim, Aura Lydia Riswanto, Sonam Sherpa, Hak-Seon Kim","doi":"10.1002/jtr.70135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.70135","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study explored factors influencing customer satisfaction and visiting intention at Michelin-starred restaurants in Thailand, key attractions for visitors. Using 11,887 Google Maps reviews, frequency and co-occurrence analyses via KH Coder identified four clusters: Food Quality, Service and Ambiance, Value for Money, and Time Risk. EFA and linear regression with SPSS revealed that Food Quality positively affected satisfaction, while Service and Ambiance, Value for Money, and Time Risk had negative impacts. A survey of 291 Generation Z respondents showed Food Quality (<i>β</i> = 0.201, <i>p</i> < 0.001), Service and Ambiance (<i>β</i> = 0.331, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and Value for Money (<i>β</i> = 0.317, <i>p</i> = 0.007) positively influenced attitudes, which strongly affected visiting intentions (<i>β</i> = 0.802, <i>p</i> < 0.001). These findings highlight Food Quality as central to satisfaction and preference formation, urging Michelin-starred restaurants to prioritize culinary excellence to attract and retain customers in a competitive market.</p>","PeriodicalId":51375,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Tourism Research","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jtr.70135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145317724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}