Pub Date : 2023-03-24DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/acc76d
Hongyin Pan, Lihao Zhou, Wei Zheng, Xianghong Liu, Jun Zhang, Nicole Pinna
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a versatile technique to deposit metals and metal oxide sensing materials at the atomic scale to achieve improved sensor functions. This article reviews metals and metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) heterostructures for gas sensing applications in which at least one of the preparation steps is carried out by ALD. In particular, three types of MOS-based heterostructures synthesized by ALD are discussed, including ALD of metal catalysts on MOS, ALD of metal oxides on MOS and MOS core–shell (C–S) heterostructures. The gas sensing performances of these heterostructures are carefully analyzed and discussed. Finally, the further developments required and the challenges faced by ALD for the synthesis of MOS gas sensing materials are discussed.
{"title":"Atomic layer deposition to heterostructures for application in gas sensors","authors":"Hongyin Pan, Lihao Zhou, Wei Zheng, Xianghong Liu, Jun Zhang, Nicole Pinna","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acc76d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acc76d","url":null,"abstract":"Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a versatile technique to deposit metals and metal oxide sensing materials at the atomic scale to achieve improved sensor functions. This article reviews metals and metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) heterostructures for gas sensing applications in which at least one of the preparation steps is carried out by ALD. In particular, three types of MOS-based heterostructures synthesized by ALD are discussed, including ALD of metal catalysts on MOS, ALD of metal oxides on MOS and MOS core–shell (C–S) heterostructures. The gas sensing performances of these heterostructures are carefully analyzed and discussed. Finally, the further developments required and the challenges faced by ALD for the synthesis of MOS gas sensing materials are discussed.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85644298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-22DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/acc6a7
Xiao Liu, Yu Su, Rong Chen
Zero-emission eco-friendly vehicles with partly or fully electric powertrains have exhibited rapidly increased demand for reducing the emissions of air pollutants and improving the energy efficiency. Advanced catalytic and energy materials are essential as the significant portions in the key technologies of eco-friendly vehicles, such as the exhaust emission control system, power lithium ion battery and hydrogen fuel cell. Precise synthesis and surface modification of the functional materials and electrodes are required to satisfy the efficient surface and interface catalysis, as well as rapid electron/ion transport. Atomic layer deposition (ALD), an atomic and close-to-atomic scale manufacturing method, shows unique characteristics of precise thickness control, uniformity and conformality for film deposition, which has emerged as an important technique to design and engineer advanced catalytic and energy materials. This review has summarized recent process of ALD on the controllable preparation and modification of metal and oxide catalysts, as well as lithium ion battery and fuel cell electrodes. The enhanced catalytic and electrochemical performances are discussed with the unique nanostructures prepared by ALD. Recent works on ALD reactors for mass production are highlighted. The challenges involved in the research and development of ALD on the future practical applications are presented, including precursor and deposition process investigation, practical device performance evaluation, large-scale and efficient production, etc.
{"title":"Atomic-scale engineering of advanced catalytic and energy materials via atomic layer deposition for eco-friendly vehicles","authors":"Xiao Liu, Yu Su, Rong Chen","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acc6a7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acc6a7","url":null,"abstract":"Zero-emission eco-friendly vehicles with partly or fully electric powertrains have exhibited rapidly increased demand for reducing the emissions of air pollutants and improving the energy efficiency. Advanced catalytic and energy materials are essential as the significant portions in the key technologies of eco-friendly vehicles, such as the exhaust emission control system, power lithium ion battery and hydrogen fuel cell. Precise synthesis and surface modification of the functional materials and electrodes are required to satisfy the efficient surface and interface catalysis, as well as rapid electron/ion transport. Atomic layer deposition (ALD), an atomic and close-to-atomic scale manufacturing method, shows unique characteristics of precise thickness control, uniformity and conformality for film deposition, which has emerged as an important technique to design and engineer advanced catalytic and energy materials. This review has summarized recent process of ALD on the controllable preparation and modification of metal and oxide catalysts, as well as lithium ion battery and fuel cell electrodes. The enhanced catalytic and electrochemical performances are discussed with the unique nanostructures prepared by ALD. Recent works on ALD reactors for mass production are highlighted. The challenges involved in the research and development of ALD on the future practical applications are presented, including precursor and deposition process investigation, practical device performance evaluation, large-scale and efficient production, etc.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77020439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/acc5c1
W. Du, J. Tu, Mingjun Qiu, S. Zhou, Yingwu Luo, W. Ong, Junjie Zhao
Polymer-derived ceramic (PDC) thin films are promising wear-resistant coatings for protecting metals and carbon–carbon composites from corrosion and oxidation. However, the high pyrolysis temperature hinders the applications on substrate materials with low melting points. We report a new synthesis route for PDC coatings using initiated chemical vapor deposited poly(1,3,5-trivinyl-1,3,5-trimethylcyclotrisiloxane) (pV3D3) as the precursor. We investigated the changes in siloxane moieties and the network topology, and proposed a three-stage mechanism for the thermal annealing process. The rise of the connectivity number for the structures obtained at increased annealing temperatures was found with strong correlation to the enhanced mechanical properties and thermal conductivity. Our PDC films obtained via annealing at 850 °C exhibit at least 14.6% higher hardness than prior reports for PDCs synthesized below 1100 °C. Furthermore, thermal conductivity up to 1.02 W (mK)−1 was achieved at the annealing temperature as low as 700 °C, which is on the same order of magnitude as PDCs obtained above 1100 °C. Using minimum thermal conductivity models, we found that the thermal transport is dominated by diffusons in the films below the percolation of rigidity, while ultra-short mean-free path phonons contribute to the thermal conductivity of the films above the percolation threshold. The findings of this work provide new insights for the development of wear-resistant and thermally conductive PDC thin films for durable protection coatings.
聚合物衍生陶瓷(PDC)薄膜是一种很有前途的耐磨涂层，可以保护金属和碳-碳复合材料免受腐蚀和氧化。然而，高热解温度阻碍了在低熔点基材上的应用。本文报道了以化学气相沉积聚(1,3,5-三乙烯基-1,3,5-三甲基环三硅氧烷)(pV3D3)为前驱体合成PDC涂料的新路线。我们研究了硅氧烷基团和网络拓扑结构的变化，并提出了热退火过程的三阶段机制。在提高退火温度下获得的结构的连通性数的增加与力学性能和导热性的增强有很强的相关性。我们在850°C下退火得到的PDC薄膜的硬度比之前报道的在1100°C下合成的PDC至少高14.6%。此外，在低至700℃的退火温度下，热导率高达1.02 W (mK)−1，这与在1100℃以上获得的PDCs在同一数量级上。利用最小热导率模型，我们发现热输运主要由薄膜中的扩散主导，而超短平均自由程声子则有助于薄膜的热导率高于渗透阈值。研究结果为开发耐磨性、导热性强的PDC薄膜提供了新的思路。
{"title":"Temperature-mediated structural evolution of vapor–phase deposited cyclosiloxane polymer thin films for enhanced mechanical properties and thermal conductivity","authors":"W. Du, J. Tu, Mingjun Qiu, S. Zhou, Yingwu Luo, W. Ong, Junjie Zhao","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acc5c1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acc5c1","url":null,"abstract":"Polymer-derived ceramic (PDC) thin films are promising wear-resistant coatings for protecting metals and carbon–carbon composites from corrosion and oxidation. However, the high pyrolysis temperature hinders the applications on substrate materials with low melting points. We report a new synthesis route for PDC coatings using initiated chemical vapor deposited poly(1,3,5-trivinyl-1,3,5-trimethylcyclotrisiloxane) (pV3D3) as the precursor. We investigated the changes in siloxane moieties and the network topology, and proposed a three-stage mechanism for the thermal annealing process. The rise of the connectivity number for the structures obtained at increased annealing temperatures was found with strong correlation to the enhanced mechanical properties and thermal conductivity. Our PDC films obtained via annealing at 850 °C exhibit at least 14.6% higher hardness than prior reports for PDCs synthesized below 1100 °C. Furthermore, thermal conductivity up to 1.02 W (mK)−1 was achieved at the annealing temperature as low as 700 °C, which is on the same order of magnitude as PDCs obtained above 1100 °C. Using minimum thermal conductivity models, we found that the thermal transport is dominated by diffusons in the films below the percolation of rigidity, while ultra-short mean-free path phonons contribute to the thermal conductivity of the films above the percolation threshold. The findings of this work provide new insights for the development of wear-resistant and thermally conductive PDC thin films for durable protection coatings.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85664316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-14DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/acc434
Jianlei Cui, Xiaoying Ren, X. Mei, Z. Fan, Chenchen Huang, Zhijun Wang, Xiaofei Sun, Wenjun Wang
Ag nanowires (AgNWs) have shown great application value in the field of flexible electronics due to their excellent optical and electrical properties, and the quality of its joints of AgNWs in the thin film network directly plays a key role in its performance. In order to further improve the joint quality of AgNWs under thermal excitation, the thermal welding process and atomic evolution behavior of AgNWs were investigated through a combination of in situ experimental and molecular dynamics simulations. The influence of processing time, temperature, and stress distribution due to spatial arrangement on nanojoints was systematically explored. What is more, the failure mechanisms and their atomic interface behavior of the nanojoints were also investigated.
{"title":"Morphological characteristics and atomic evolution behavior of nanojoints in Ag nanowire interconnect network","authors":"Jianlei Cui, Xiaoying Ren, X. Mei, Z. Fan, Chenchen Huang, Zhijun Wang, Xiaofei Sun, Wenjun Wang","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acc434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acc434","url":null,"abstract":"Ag nanowires (AgNWs) have shown great application value in the field of flexible electronics due to their excellent optical and electrical properties, and the quality of its joints of AgNWs in the thin film network directly plays a key role in its performance. In order to further improve the joint quality of AgNWs under thermal excitation, the thermal welding process and atomic evolution behavior of AgNWs were investigated through a combination of in situ experimental and molecular dynamics simulations. The influence of processing time, temperature, and stress distribution due to spatial arrangement on nanojoints was systematically explored. What is more, the failure mechanisms and their atomic interface behavior of the nanojoints were also investigated.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84358092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-09DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/acc2fa
Wenyan Cui, Hongzhan Chen, Jianxun Zhao, Quan-sheng Ma, Qiang Xu, T. Ma
Tribology at cryogenic temperatures has attracted much attention since the 1950s with the acceleration of its applications in high-tech equipment such as cryogenic wind tunnels, liquid fuel rockets, space infrared telescopes, superconducting devices, and planetary exploration, which require solid lubrication for moving parts at low temperatures down to 4 K in cryogenic liquid, gaseous, or vacuum environments. Herein, the research progress regarding cryo-tribology is reviewed. The tribological properties and mechanisms of solid lubricants listed as carbon materials, molybdenum disulfide, polymers, and polymer-based composites with decreasing temperature are summarized. The friction coefficient increases with decreasing temperature induced by thermally activated processes. The mechanism of transfer film formation should be considered as a significant way to enhance the tribological properties of solid lubricants. In addition, applications of solid lubrication on moving parts under cryogenic conditions, such as spherical plain bearings and roller bearings, are introduced. The technology for tribological testing of materials and bearings at cryogenic temperatures is summarized, where the environmental control, motion and loading realization, as well as friction and wear measurement together in a low-temperature environment, result in the difficulties and challenges of the low-temperature tribotester. In particular, novel technologies and tribotesters have been developed for tribotests and tribological studies of solid lubricants, spherical plain bearings, and roller bearings, overcoming limitations regarding cooling in vacuum and resolution of friction measurement, among others, and concentrating on in-situ observation of friction interface. These not only promote a deep understanding of friction and wear mechanism at low temperatures, but also provide insights into the performance of moving parts or components in cryogenic applications.
{"title":"Progresses on cryo-tribology: lubrication mechanisms, detection methods and applications","authors":"Wenyan Cui, Hongzhan Chen, Jianxun Zhao, Quan-sheng Ma, Qiang Xu, T. Ma","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acc2fa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acc2fa","url":null,"abstract":"Tribology at cryogenic temperatures has attracted much attention since the 1950s with the acceleration of its applications in high-tech equipment such as cryogenic wind tunnels, liquid fuel rockets, space infrared telescopes, superconducting devices, and planetary exploration, which require solid lubrication for moving parts at low temperatures down to 4 K in cryogenic liquid, gaseous, or vacuum environments. Herein, the research progress regarding cryo-tribology is reviewed. The tribological properties and mechanisms of solid lubricants listed as carbon materials, molybdenum disulfide, polymers, and polymer-based composites with decreasing temperature are summarized. The friction coefficient increases with decreasing temperature induced by thermally activated processes. The mechanism of transfer film formation should be considered as a significant way to enhance the tribological properties of solid lubricants. In addition, applications of solid lubrication on moving parts under cryogenic conditions, such as spherical plain bearings and roller bearings, are introduced. The technology for tribological testing of materials and bearings at cryogenic temperatures is summarized, where the environmental control, motion and loading realization, as well as friction and wear measurement together in a low-temperature environment, result in the difficulties and challenges of the low-temperature tribotester. In particular, novel technologies and tribotesters have been developed for tribotests and tribological studies of solid lubricants, spherical plain bearings, and roller bearings, overcoming limitations regarding cooling in vacuum and resolution of friction measurement, among others, and concentrating on in-situ observation of friction interface. These not only promote a deep understanding of friction and wear mechanism at low temperatures, but also provide insights into the performance of moving parts or components in cryogenic applications.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88716111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-06DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/acbd6d
Nengyin Wang, Chengcheng Zhou, Sheng Qiu, Sibo Huang, Bin Jia, Shanshan Liu, Junmei Cao, Zhiling Zhou, Hua Ding, Jie Zhu, Yong Li
Timbre, as one of the essential elements of sound, plays an important role in determining sound properties, whereas its manipulation has been remaining challenging for passive mechanical systems due to the intrinsic dispersion nature of resonances. Here, we present a meta-silencer supporting intensive mode density as well as highly tunable intrinsic loss and offering a fresh pathway for designable timbre in broadband. Strong global coupling is induced by intensive mode density and delicately modulated with the guidance of the theoretical model, which efficiently suppresses the resonance dispersion and provides desirable frequency-selective wave-manipulation capacity for timbre tuning. As proof-of-concept demonstrations for our design concepts, we propose three meta-silencers with the designing targets of high-efficiency broadband sound attenuation, efficiency-controlled sound attenuation and designable timbre, respectively. The proposed meta-silencers all operate in a broadband frequency range from 500 to 3200 Hz and feature deep-subwavelength sizes around 50 mm. Our work opens up a fundamental avenue to manipulate the timbre with passive resonances-controlled acoustic metamaterials and may inspire the development of novel multifunctional devices in noise-control engineering, impedance engineering, and architectural acoustics.
{"title":"Meta-silencer with designable timbre","authors":"Nengyin Wang, Chengcheng Zhou, Sheng Qiu, Sibo Huang, Bin Jia, Shanshan Liu, Junmei Cao, Zhiling Zhou, Hua Ding, Jie Zhu, Yong Li","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acbd6d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acbd6d","url":null,"abstract":"Timbre, as one of the essential elements of sound, plays an important role in determining sound properties, whereas its manipulation has been remaining challenging for passive mechanical systems due to the intrinsic dispersion nature of resonances. Here, we present a meta-silencer supporting intensive mode density as well as highly tunable intrinsic loss and offering a fresh pathway for designable timbre in broadband. Strong global coupling is induced by intensive mode density and delicately modulated with the guidance of the theoretical model, which efficiently suppresses the resonance dispersion and provides desirable frequency-selective wave-manipulation capacity for timbre tuning. As proof-of-concept demonstrations for our design concepts, we propose three meta-silencers with the designing targets of high-efficiency broadband sound attenuation, efficiency-controlled sound attenuation and designable timbre, respectively. The proposed meta-silencers all operate in a broadband frequency range from 500 to 3200 Hz and feature deep-subwavelength sizes around 50 mm. Our work opens up a fundamental avenue to manipulate the timbre with passive resonances-controlled acoustic metamaterials and may inspire the development of novel multifunctional devices in noise-control engineering, impedance engineering, and architectural acoustics.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75168414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-20DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/acbd6f
Jianqiu Zhang, Binbin He, Bi Zhang
High-speed machining (HSM) has been studied for several decades and has potential application in various industries, including the automobile and aerospace industries. However, the underlying mechanisms of HSM have not been formally reviewed thus far. This article focuses on the solid mechanics framework of adiabatic shear band (ASB) onset and material metallurgical microstructural evolutions in HSM. The ASB onset is described using partial differential systems. Several factors in HSM were considered in the systems, and the ASB onset conditions were obtained by solving these systems or applying the perturbation method to the systems. With increasing machining speed, an ASB can be depressed and further eliminated by shock pressure. The damage observed in HSM exhibits common features. Equiaxed fine grains produced by dynamic recrystallization widely cause damage to ductile materials, and amorphization is the common microstructural evolution in brittle materials. Based on previous studies, potential mechanisms for the phenomena in HSM are proposed. These include the thickness variation of the white layer of ductile materials. These proposed mechanisms would be beneficial to deeply understanding the various phenomena in HSM.
{"title":"Failure mode change and material damage with varied machining speeds: a review","authors":"Jianqiu Zhang, Binbin He, Bi Zhang","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acbd6f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acbd6f","url":null,"abstract":"High-speed machining (HSM) has been studied for several decades and has potential application in various industries, including the automobile and aerospace industries. However, the underlying mechanisms of HSM have not been formally reviewed thus far. This article focuses on the solid mechanics framework of adiabatic shear band (ASB) onset and material metallurgical microstructural evolutions in HSM. The ASB onset is described using partial differential systems. Several factors in HSM were considered in the systems, and the ASB onset conditions were obtained by solving these systems or applying the perturbation method to the systems. With increasing machining speed, an ASB can be depressed and further eliminated by shock pressure. The damage observed in HSM exhibits common features. Equiaxed fine grains produced by dynamic recrystallization widely cause damage to ductile materials, and amorphization is the common microstructural evolution in brittle materials. Based on previous studies, potential mechanisms for the phenomena in HSM are proposed. These include the thickness variation of the white layer of ductile materials. These proposed mechanisms would be beneficial to deeply understanding the various phenomena in HSM.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89123142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-20DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/acbd6e
Fei Wang, F. Monteverde, B. Cui
The concept of multi-principal component has created promising opportunities for the development of novel high-entropy ceramics for extreme environments encountered in advanced turbine engines, nuclear reactors, and hypersonic vehicles, as it expands the compositional space of ceramic materials with tailored properties within a single-phase solid solution. The unique physical properties of some high-entropy carbides and borides, such as higher hardness, high-temperature strength, lower thermal conductivity, and improved irradiation resistance than the constitute ceramics, have been observed. These promising properties may be attributed to the compositional complexity, atomic-level disorder, lattice distortion, and other fundamental processes related to defect formation and phonon scattering. This manuscript serves as a critical review of the recent progress in high-entropy carbides and borides, focusing on synthesis and evaluations of their performance in extreme high-temperature, irradiation, and gaseous environments.
{"title":"Will high-entropy carbides and borides be enabling materials for extreme environments?","authors":"Fei Wang, F. Monteverde, B. Cui","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acbd6e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acbd6e","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of multi-principal component has created promising opportunities for the development of novel high-entropy ceramics for extreme environments encountered in advanced turbine engines, nuclear reactors, and hypersonic vehicles, as it expands the compositional space of ceramic materials with tailored properties within a single-phase solid solution. The unique physical properties of some high-entropy carbides and borides, such as higher hardness, high-temperature strength, lower thermal conductivity, and improved irradiation resistance than the constitute ceramics, have been observed. These promising properties may be attributed to the compositional complexity, atomic-level disorder, lattice distortion, and other fundamental processes related to defect formation and phonon scattering. This manuscript serves as a critical review of the recent progress in high-entropy carbides and borides, focusing on synthesis and evaluations of their performance in extreme high-temperature, irradiation, and gaseous environments.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"32 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79782272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Three-dimensional (3D) printing provides a promising way to fabricate biodegradable scaffolds with designer architectures for the regeneration of various tissues. However, the existing 3D-printed scaffolds commonly suffer from weak cell-scaffold interactions and insufficient cell organizations due to the limited resolution of the 3D-printed features. Here, composite scaffolds with mechanically-robust frameworks and aligned nanofibrous architectures are presented and hybrid manufactured by combining techniques of 3D printing, electrospinning, and unidirectional freeze-casting. It was found that the composite scaffolds provided volume-stable environments and enabled directed cellular infiltration for tissue regeneration. In particular, the nanofibrous architectures with aligned micropores served as artificial extracellular matrix materials and improved the attachment, proliferation, and infiltration of cells. The proposed scaffolds can also support the adipogenic maturation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in vitro. Moreover, the composite scaffolds were found to guide directed tissue infiltration and promote nearby neovascularization when implanted into a subcutaneous model of rats, and the addition of ADSCs further enhanced their adipogenic potential. The presented hybrid manufacturing strategy might provide a promising way to produce additional topological cues within 3D-printed scaffolds for better tissue regeneration.
{"title":"Embedding aligned nanofibrous architectures within 3D-printed polycaprolactone scaffolds for directed cellular infiltration and tissue regeneration","authors":"Zijie Meng, Xingdou Mu, Jiankang He, Juliang Zhang, Rui Ling, Dichen Li","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acbd6c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acbd6c","url":null,"abstract":"Three-dimensional (3D) printing provides a promising way to fabricate biodegradable scaffolds with designer architectures for the regeneration of various tissues. However, the existing 3D-printed scaffolds commonly suffer from weak cell-scaffold interactions and insufficient cell organizations due to the limited resolution of the 3D-printed features. Here, composite scaffolds with mechanically-robust frameworks and aligned nanofibrous architectures are presented and hybrid manufactured by combining techniques of 3D printing, electrospinning, and unidirectional freeze-casting. It was found that the composite scaffolds provided volume-stable environments and enabled directed cellular infiltration for tissue regeneration. In particular, the nanofibrous architectures with aligned micropores served as artificial extracellular matrix materials and improved the attachment, proliferation, and infiltration of cells. The proposed scaffolds can also support the adipogenic maturation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in vitro. Moreover, the composite scaffolds were found to guide directed tissue infiltration and promote nearby neovascularization when implanted into a subcutaneous model of rats, and the addition of ADSCs further enhanced their adipogenic potential. The presented hybrid manufacturing strategy might provide a promising way to produce additional topological cues within 3D-printed scaffolds for better tissue regeneration.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77818587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-17DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/acbcff
Zhaolong Wang, Qiu Yin, Ziheng Zhan, Wenhao Li, Mingzhu Xie, H. Duan, P. Cheng, Ce Zhang, Yongping Chen, Zhichao Dong
Those various cross-sectional vessels in trees transfer water to as high as 100 meters, but the traditional fabrication methods limit the manufacturing of those vessels, resulting in the non-availability of those bionic microchannels. Herein, we fabricate those bionic microchannels with various cross-sections by employing projection micro-stereolithography (PµSL) based 3D printing technique. The circumradius of bionic microchannels (pentagonal, square, triangle, and five-pointed star) can be as small as 100 μm with precisely fabricated sharp corners. What’s more, those bionic microchannels demonstrate marvelous microfluidic performance with strong precursor effects enabled by their sharp corners. Most significantly, those special properties of our bionic microchannels enable them outstanding step lifting performance to transport water to tens of millimeters, though the water can only be transported to at most 20 mm for a single bionic microchannel. The mimicked transpiration based on the step lifting of water from bionic microchannels is also achieved. Those precisely fabricated, low-cost, various cross-sectional bionic microchannels promise applications as microfluidic chips, long-distance unpowered water transportation, step lifting, mimicked transpiration, and so on.
{"title":"Bionic microchannels for step lifting transpiration","authors":"Zhaolong Wang, Qiu Yin, Ziheng Zhan, Wenhao Li, Mingzhu Xie, H. Duan, P. Cheng, Ce Zhang, Yongping Chen, Zhichao Dong","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acbcff","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acbcff","url":null,"abstract":"Those various cross-sectional vessels in trees transfer water to as high as 100 meters, but the traditional fabrication methods limit the manufacturing of those vessels, resulting in the non-availability of those bionic microchannels. Herein, we fabricate those bionic microchannels with various cross-sections by employing projection micro-stereolithography (PµSL) based 3D printing technique. The circumradius of bionic microchannels (pentagonal, square, triangle, and five-pointed star) can be as small as 100 μm with precisely fabricated sharp corners. What’s more, those bionic microchannels demonstrate marvelous microfluidic performance with strong precursor effects enabled by their sharp corners. Most significantly, those special properties of our bionic microchannels enable them outstanding step lifting performance to transport water to tens of millimeters, though the water can only be transported to at most 20 mm for a single bionic microchannel. The mimicked transpiration based on the step lifting of water from bionic microchannels is also achieved. Those precisely fabricated, low-cost, various cross-sectional bionic microchannels promise applications as microfluidic chips, long-distance unpowered water transportation, step lifting, mimicked transpiration, and so on.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78719178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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