Faisal Alnassar, Waleed Alnassar, Meenakumari Chikkanna, Olfat Gaballah, Amira R. Moawad, Ramesh Krishnan, S. Jandrajupalli, S. Chandolu
Obesity is a chronic disease with global, epidemic spread. The worldwide prevalence of obesity is a considerable source of concern, given its potential impact on morbidity, mortality, and cost of health care. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized obesity as a predisposing factor to major chronic diseases ranging from cardiovascular diseases to cancers. Once considered a problem only in developed nations, the WHO estimates now show that obesity is on the rise, dramatically, even in low- and middle-income countries. Both obesity and dental caries have common determinants and require a comprehensive, integrated, and multidisciplinary approach. In this context, dental health-care professionals should promote healthy diets not only to prevent dental caries but also to reduce the risk of obesity, provided that obesity and dental caries share common lifestyle factors starting from childhood and adolescence. There are very few literature evidences wherein significant attention has been drawn toward the prevention of this global health burden. The present review focuses on a similar lacuna in the literature and emphasizes the role of primary health-care providers including dental professionals who are well-trained to address this public health concern at grassroots levels. Thus, the improvement of dental health and general well-being of individuals requires an active collaboration between dental and general health-care providers and the implementation of health promotion strategies targeting management of both obesity and dental caries by using a holistic approach.
{"title":"Addressing obesity and dental caries: Rationale and practical guidelines, a narrative review","authors":"Faisal Alnassar, Waleed Alnassar, Meenakumari Chikkanna, Olfat Gaballah, Amira R. Moawad, Ramesh Krishnan, S. Jandrajupalli, S. Chandolu","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_264_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_264_22","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity is a chronic disease with global, epidemic spread. The worldwide prevalence of obesity is a considerable source of concern, given its potential impact on morbidity, mortality, and cost of health care. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized obesity as a predisposing factor to major chronic diseases ranging from cardiovascular diseases to cancers. Once considered a problem only in developed nations, the WHO estimates now show that obesity is on the rise, dramatically, even in low- and middle-income countries. Both obesity and dental caries have common determinants and require a comprehensive, integrated, and multidisciplinary approach. In this context, dental health-care professionals should promote healthy diets not only to prevent dental caries but also to reduce the risk of obesity, provided that obesity and dental caries share common lifestyle factors starting from childhood and adolescence. There are very few literature evidences wherein significant attention has been drawn toward the prevention of this global health burden. The present review focuses on a similar lacuna in the literature and emphasizes the role of primary health-care providers including dental professionals who are well-trained to address this public health concern at grassroots levels. Thus, the improvement of dental health and general well-being of individuals requires an active collaboration between dental and general health-care providers and the implementation of health promotion strategies targeting management of both obesity and dental caries by using a holistic approach.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"30 1","pages":"345 - 350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139346433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the pharmaceutical industry, forced degradation tests are used to assess the stability of drug samples. Examining degradation products under stress is beneficial for determining degradation pathways as well as designing and validating appropriate analytical techniques. Forced degradation experiments reveal the molecule's chemical behavior, which aids formulation and packaging creation. The current review examines the forced degradation of a variety of therapeutic classes of medications, including anticancer, antihypertensive, antiviral, CNS pharmaceuticals, and other miscellaneous drugs. During forced degradation analysis, the study examines the degradation behavior of several medications from the abovementioned categories. The findings will likely aid researchers in determining the degradation process of related drugs belonging to the same category.
{"title":"An inclusive exploration of forced degradation analysis of some therapeutic categories of drugs in the last decade","authors":"T. Narsinghani, J. Tuteja, Anamika Singh","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_244_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_244_22","url":null,"abstract":"In the pharmaceutical industry, forced degradation tests are used to assess the stability of drug samples. Examining degradation products under stress is beneficial for determining degradation pathways as well as designing and validating appropriate analytical techniques. Forced degradation experiments reveal the molecule's chemical behavior, which aids formulation and packaging creation. The current review examines the forced degradation of a variety of therapeutic classes of medications, including anticancer, antihypertensive, antiviral, CNS pharmaceuticals, and other miscellaneous drugs. During forced degradation analysis, the study examines the degradation behavior of several medications from the abovementioned categories. The findings will likely aid researchers in determining the degradation process of related drugs belonging to the same category.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"312 - 344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70822488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Change of malaria incidence after COVID-19 lockdown: An observation","authors":"S. Yasri, V. Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_273_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_273_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"42 1","pages":"420 - 421"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139344819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of methylene blue-mediated photodynamic therapy (MB-PDT) for the treatment of oral leukoplakia (OL) and compare it to systemic Vitamin A therapy. Materials and Methods: Forty clinically and histopathologically confirmed cases of OL were included. They were divided into two groups: 20 were given systemic Vitamin A therapy and on the other group MB-PDT for 30 days. Pre- and posttreatment assessment of size of lesion and clinical appearance were done and followed up for 1 year to check for recurrence and delayed side effects. Results: The reduction in size of lesion pre- and posttreatment was statistically nonsignificant in the Vitamin A Group, but statistically highly significant in the PDT group according to unpaired t-test with no immediate or delayed side effects seen in both the groups. Conclusion: Both the treatment methods showed response in terms of reduction of size of lesion, but MB-PDT was a better treatment option for OL. Clinical Relevance: Oral cancer is often preceded by various premalignancies, OL being the most common among them. Early diagnosis and intervention will prevent malignant transformation thereby reducing the cost, side effect and mortality associated with oral cancer. Considering the prevalence, symptomless nature of OL, an effective, well-accepted mode of treatment with minimal side effects is of utmost need.
目的评估亚甲蓝介导的光动力疗法（MB-PDT）治疗口腔白斑病（OL）的疗效，并将其与全身性维生素 A 治疗进行比较。材料与方法：纳入 40 例经临床和组织病理学证实的 OL 病例。他们被分为两组：20 人接受全身维生素 A 治疗，另一组接受 MB-PDT 治疗 30 天。治疗前和治疗后对病灶大小和临床表现进行评估，并随访一年，以检查复发和延迟副作用。结果根据非配对 t 检验，维生素 A 组治疗前和治疗后皮损面积的缩小在统计学上无显著性差异，但 PDT 组在统计学上有高度显著性差异，且两组均未出现即刻或延迟副作用。结论两种治疗方法在缩小病灶方面都有反应，但 MB-PDT 是治疗 OL 的更好选择。临床意义：口腔癌发生前往往存在各种前恶性肿瘤，OL 是其中最常见的一种。早期诊断和干预可预防恶性转化，从而降低与口腔癌相关的费用、副作用和死亡率。考虑到 OL 的普遍性和无症状性，最需要的是一种有效、广为接受且副作用最小的治疗模式。
{"title":"Methylene blue-mediated photodynamic therapy for the treatment of oral leukoplakia","authors":"Akanksha Bhandari, Akansha Budakoti, Manjari Chaudhary","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_97_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_97_23","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of methylene blue-mediated photodynamic therapy (MB-PDT) for the treatment of oral leukoplakia (OL) and compare it to systemic Vitamin A therapy. Materials and Methods: Forty clinically and histopathologically confirmed cases of OL were included. They were divided into two groups: 20 were given systemic Vitamin A therapy and on the other group MB-PDT for 30 days. Pre- and posttreatment assessment of size of lesion and clinical appearance were done and followed up for 1 year to check for recurrence and delayed side effects. Results: The reduction in size of lesion pre- and posttreatment was statistically nonsignificant in the Vitamin A Group, but statistically highly significant in the PDT group according to unpaired t-test with no immediate or delayed side effects seen in both the groups. Conclusion: Both the treatment methods showed response in terms of reduction of size of lesion, but MB-PDT was a better treatment option for OL. Clinical Relevance: Oral cancer is often preceded by various premalignancies, OL being the most common among them. Early diagnosis and intervention will prevent malignant transformation thereby reducing the cost, side effect and mortality associated with oral cancer. Considering the prevalence, symptomless nature of OL, an effective, well-accepted mode of treatment with minimal side effects is of utmost need.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"44 1","pages":"394 - 398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139345220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prachur Malhotra, Rashmi Venkatesh, Deep Shah, Kavita Badi, Saurabh Chandalia
Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is an intracapsular union of the disc-condyle complex to the temporal articular surface that restricts mandibular movement, including the fibrous adhesions or bony fusion between condyle, disc, glenoid fossa, and articular eminence. It is more commonly associated with trauma, local or systemic infection, or systemic diseases. It is a serious and disabling condition that may cause problems in facial growth, mastication, swallowing, digestion, speech, appearance, and poor oral hygiene. The severity of ankylosis is diagnosed by evaluating the degree to which mouth opening is restricted. Conventional X-rays, computed tomography scans, or magnetic resonance imaging tests determine the abnormality in the bony or soft tissue formations in the joint area. The treatment of TMJ ankylosis poses a significant challenge because of the high incidence of recurrence. In this article, we report a case of a 27-year-old adult female who presented with left TMJ ankylosis and was treated with interpositional arthroplasty and bilateral coronoidectomy.
颞下颌关节（TMJ）强直是椎间盘-髁状突复合体与颞关节面的囊内结合，限制了下颌骨的活动，包括髁状突、椎间盘、盂窝和关节突之间的纤维粘连或骨性融合。它通常与创伤、局部或全身感染或全身性疾病有关。它是一种严重的致残性疾病，可能导致面部发育、咀嚼、吞咽、消化、语言、外观和口腔卫生不良等问题。强直的严重程度可通过评估张口受限的程度来诊断。传统的 X 射线、计算机断层扫描或磁共振成像检查可确定关节部位的骨骼或软组织形态是否异常。颞下颌关节强直的复发率很高，因此治疗颞下颌关节强直是一项重大挑战。本文报告了一例 27 岁的成年女性，她患有左侧颞下颌关节强直，并接受了关节间置换术和双侧冠状突切除术。
{"title":"Management of unilateral temporomandibular joint ankylosis by interpositional arthroplasty and bilateral coronoidectomy","authors":"Prachur Malhotra, Rashmi Venkatesh, Deep Shah, Kavita Badi, Saurabh Chandalia","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_242_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_242_22","url":null,"abstract":"Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is an intracapsular union of the disc-condyle complex to the temporal articular surface that restricts mandibular movement, including the fibrous adhesions or bony fusion between condyle, disc, glenoid fossa, and articular eminence. It is more commonly associated with trauma, local or systemic infection, or systemic diseases. It is a serious and disabling condition that may cause problems in facial growth, mastication, swallowing, digestion, speech, appearance, and poor oral hygiene. The severity of ankylosis is diagnosed by evaluating the degree to which mouth opening is restricted. Conventional X-rays, computed tomography scans, or magnetic resonance imaging tests determine the abnormality in the bony or soft tissue formations in the joint area. The treatment of TMJ ankylosis poses a significant challenge because of the high incidence of recurrence. In this article, we report a case of a 27-year-old adult female who presented with left TMJ ankylosis and was treated with interpositional arthroplasty and bilateral coronoidectomy.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"42 1","pages":"410 - 413"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139344768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The field of medicine is extremely vast and dynamic and it becomes really challenging for the medical undergraduate students to master all the subject specific competencies within the available timeframe of the course. The current review is done with an aim to assess the utility of task-based learning in undergraduate medical education. An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out in the PubMed search engine and a total of 13 studies similar to current study objectives were selected for the review. Task-based learning refers to a teaching-learning methodology that is being employed in the clinical years in a medical institution. This method has its root originating from problem-based learning and it also advocates integrated teaching by providing students with a multi-specialty clinical exposure, that eventually creates a number of learning opportunities and makes the entire experience enriching. The selected task should be the one that represents a frequent concern of the local community, and should have specific learning objectives for making progress in clinical medicine. In conclusion, task-based learning is a holistic and a transdisciplinary approach to help the medical students to develop clinical competencies. Further, owing to the integration of clinical and basic science subjects in authentic clinical settings, the students learn the art of providing a holistic clinical care, while being motivated and satisfied with the entire learning experience.
{"title":"Exploring the scope of task-based learning in undergraduate medical education","authors":"Saurabh Ram Bihari Shrivastava, P. Shrivastava","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_177_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_177_22","url":null,"abstract":"The field of medicine is extremely vast and dynamic and it becomes really challenging for the medical undergraduate students to master all the subject specific competencies within the available timeframe of the course. The current review is done with an aim to assess the utility of task-based learning in undergraduate medical education. An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out in the PubMed search engine and a total of 13 studies similar to current study objectives were selected for the review. Task-based learning refers to a teaching-learning methodology that is being employed in the clinical years in a medical institution. This method has its root originating from problem-based learning and it also advocates integrated teaching by providing students with a multi-specialty clinical exposure, that eventually creates a number of learning opportunities and makes the entire experience enriching. The selected task should be the one that represents a frequent concern of the local community, and should have specific learning objectives for making progress in clinical medicine. In conclusion, task-based learning is a holistic and a transdisciplinary approach to help the medical students to develop clinical competencies. Further, owing to the integration of clinical and basic science subjects in authentic clinical settings, the students learn the art of providing a holistic clinical care, while being motivated and satisfied with the entire learning experience.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"4 1","pages":"290 - 292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139345153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arpana A. Dharwadkar, V. Viswanathan, Shruti Vimal, B. Iqbal
Fetus papyraceous is the intrauterine fetal demise of one of the twins in early pregnancy which gets retained resulting in compression and resembles parchment paper. We report one such case of twin pregnancy where a 23 years primigravida with 36 weeks amenorrhea was referred to our hospital for delivery. Ultrasonography done during antenatal visits revealed twin pregnancy with one dead fetus. She delivered one healthy baby, placenta, and another pale white membranous tissue with firm areas. Multiple sections from the tissue revealed areas of developing bone, cartilage, ciliated epithelium, and muscular tissue confirming the diagnosis of fetus papyraceus. The basic concern of fetus papyraceus is its effect on the surviving fetus and on the mother. To avoid possible complications, intrauterine diagnosis of fetus papyraceus by serial ultrasound examinations and routine placental examination postdelivery to search for fetus papyraceus should be keenly followed.
{"title":"Fetus papyraceus in twin pregnancy: A rare case report","authors":"Arpana A. Dharwadkar, V. Viswanathan, Shruti Vimal, B. Iqbal","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_262_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_262_22","url":null,"abstract":"Fetus papyraceous is the intrauterine fetal demise of one of the twins in early pregnancy which gets retained resulting in compression and resembles parchment paper. We report one such case of twin pregnancy where a 23 years primigravida with 36 weeks amenorrhea was referred to our hospital for delivery. Ultrasonography done during antenatal visits revealed twin pregnancy with one dead fetus. She delivered one healthy baby, placenta, and another pale white membranous tissue with firm areas. Multiple sections from the tissue revealed areas of developing bone, cartilage, ciliated epithelium, and muscular tissue confirming the diagnosis of fetus papyraceus. The basic concern of fetus papyraceus is its effect on the surviving fetus and on the mother. To avoid possible complications, intrauterine diagnosis of fetus papyraceus by serial ultrasound examinations and routine placental examination postdelivery to search for fetus papyraceus should be keenly followed.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"6 1","pages":"414 - 416"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139346139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Aiman, Zoya Aisha, Rukhsana Akhtar, Tazeen Jeelani, Syed Yaseen, Mir Yasir
Background: Cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis (CNGM) is a rare subtype of granulomatous mastitis with a distinct histological pattern. The current literature suggests strong association with Corynebacterium species, evidence of corynebacterial infection can be difficult to prove. Clinically, CNGM may be virtually impossible to discern from invasive carcinoma. Materials and Methods: The current study is 1 year prospective study from August 2021 to July 2022. A total of seven cases of cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis were reported. Results: Six out of seven patients were in the fourth decade of life. All of the patients presented with breast swelling and nipple discharge, whereas two patients had multiple discharging sinuses over the breast. Conclusion: Gram-positive bacterial infections have a distinctive pattern of inflammation in breast abscesses that can easily be overlooked. Pathologists should actively search for Gram-positive bacilli in distinctive cystic spaces. The importance of this is that prolonged antibiotic therapy against corynebacteria is often needed even beyond the resolution of symptoms in CNGM.
{"title":"Cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis: A study from tertiary care center in Kashmir","authors":"A. Aiman, Zoya Aisha, Rukhsana Akhtar, Tazeen Jeelani, Syed Yaseen, Mir Yasir","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_245_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_245_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis (CNGM) is a rare subtype of granulomatous mastitis with a distinct histological pattern. The current literature suggests strong association with Corynebacterium species, evidence of corynebacterial infection can be difficult to prove. Clinically, CNGM may be virtually impossible to discern from invasive carcinoma. Materials and Methods: The current study is 1 year prospective study from August 2021 to July 2022. A total of seven cases of cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis were reported. Results: Six out of seven patients were in the fourth decade of life. All of the patients presented with breast swelling and nipple discharge, whereas two patients had multiple discharging sinuses over the breast. Conclusion: Gram-positive bacterial infections have a distinctive pattern of inflammation in breast abscesses that can easily be overlooked. Pathologists should actively search for Gram-positive bacilli in distinctive cystic spaces. The importance of this is that prolonged antibiotic therapy against corynebacteria is often needed even beyond the resolution of symptoms in CNGM.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"7 1","pages":"380 - 382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139346854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Objective: Ovarian masses are one of the most common clinical conditions among women, which if not treated properly may be developed into malignant. However, not ovarian masses are progressing into malignant, and early diagnosis and treatment generally cure them without much destruction. The rate of occurrence highly depends on the demographic and obstetric profile of women. Since demographic profile varies it becomes essential to carry out detailed studies of a particular region to understand the prevalence of ovarian masses. Here, such a retroprospective study was carried out to determine the prevalence of ovarian masses in the Rajkot district. Methodology: A total of 44 cases with ovarian masses were taken into consideration for the determination of the effect of various parameters and their association with ovarian masses. The patients were analyzed for nonneoplastic, benign, and malignant tumors. Patients were analyzed based on demographic location, obstetric profile, and clinical presentations. Results: Based on the entire study, it was found that women in a middle age group are more prone to ovarian masses as compared to the older age group. Not only this but higher parity is also associated with increased chances of ovarian masses. Among nonneoplastic tumors occurrence of the serious cyst was highest. While in the case of benign tumors, mucinous cystadenoma and teratoma both were found predominant. However, no significant difference was observed in the patients with nonneoplastic and benign tumors. Among 44 cases, only one case with serous papillary adenocarcinoma was found. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it was found that women of Rajkot district in the age group 30–50 years are more prone to ovarian masses.
{"title":"A retrospective study on the occurrence and prevalence of ovarian masses in the patients of Rajkot District, Gujarat","authors":"K. Vyas, Avni Patel, Ashita Vyas, Hardik Gohel","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_240_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_240_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Ovarian masses are one of the most common clinical conditions among women, which if not treated properly may be developed into malignant. However, not ovarian masses are progressing into malignant, and early diagnosis and treatment generally cure them without much destruction. The rate of occurrence highly depends on the demographic and obstetric profile of women. Since demographic profile varies it becomes essential to carry out detailed studies of a particular region to understand the prevalence of ovarian masses. Here, such a retroprospective study was carried out to determine the prevalence of ovarian masses in the Rajkot district. Methodology: A total of 44 cases with ovarian masses were taken into consideration for the determination of the effect of various parameters and their association with ovarian masses. The patients were analyzed for nonneoplastic, benign, and malignant tumors. Patients were analyzed based on demographic location, obstetric profile, and clinical presentations. Results: Based on the entire study, it was found that women in a middle age group are more prone to ovarian masses as compared to the older age group. Not only this but higher parity is also associated with increased chances of ovarian masses. Among nonneoplastic tumors occurrence of the serious cyst was highest. While in the case of benign tumors, mucinous cystadenoma and teratoma both were found predominant. However, no significant difference was observed in the patients with nonneoplastic and benign tumors. Among 44 cases, only one case with serous papillary adenocarcinoma was found. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it was found that women of Rajkot district in the age group 30–50 years are more prone to ovarian masses.","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"85 1","pages":"375 - 379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139344306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: A case–control study was performed to determine ABO blood group distribution in Iraqi hospitalized patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and healthy individuals. The severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) molecularly identified by detecting coronavirus RNA in the nasal swabs. Materials and Methods: 10770 participants were divided into 200 patients with SARS-CoV-2 and 10570 served as the control group. All patients were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and computed tomography scans from three hospitals in Babylon, Iraq. For the ABO blood type, three blood drops were obtained from each individual by pricking the tip of the index finger. Each drop was put on a slide that contained an antiblood typing serum to detect A, B, and D antigens. Statistical analysis was performed by Chi-square in SPSS version 23. Results: The distribution of the ABO blood group system in the healthy group was 24.30%, 38.80%, 26.02%, and 10.86% for type A, O, B, and AB, respectively, while in the COVID-19 patients, the distribution was 36%, 28%, 26%, and 10% for type A, O, B, and AB, respectively. Blood group type A was significantly high in the patient group (36%) compared to healthy participants, whereas the type O blood group was significantly low in patients (28%) compared to control participants. Conclusion: People with blood group A are at high risk to infect with COVID-19 (P < 0001) and the Odds ratio (OR) is 1.7. While blood group O is considered a protective factor against COVID-19 (P = 0.002) and the OD ratio is 0.6. Blood type A was most prevalent in nonsurvivor COVID-19 patients than survivors (P < 0.0001).
背景：为了确定伊拉克 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）住院感染者和健康人的 ABO 血型分布情况，我们进行了一项病例对照研究。通过检测鼻拭子中的冠状病毒 RNA，对严重急性呼吸道冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）进行了分子鉴定。材料与方法：10770 名参与者分为 200 名 SARS-CoV-2 患者和 10570 名对照组。所有患者均经伊拉克巴比伦三家医院的实时聚合酶链反应和计算机断层扫描确认。在检测 ABO 血型时，每个人都要刺破食指指尖取三滴血。每滴血都滴在含有抗血型血清的载玻片上，以检测 A、B 和 D 抗原。统计分析采用 SPSS 23 版的卡方法。结果健康人群中 ABO 血型系统的分布情况为：A 型、O 型、B 型和 AB 型分别占 24.30%、38.80%、26.02% 和 10.86%，而 COVID-19 患者中 A 型、O 型、B 型和 AB 型的分布情况分别为 36%、28%、26% 和 10%。与健康参试者相比，患者组中的 A 型血比例明显偏高（36%），而与对照组参试者相比，患者组中的 O 型血比例明显偏低（28%）。结论是A 型血的人感染 COVID-19 的风险很高（P < 0001），风险比（OR）为 1.7。而 O 型血被认为是 COVID-19 的保护因素（P = 0.002），OD 比为 0.6。与存活者相比，未存活的 COVID-19 患者中 A 型血最为常见（P < 0.0001）。
{"title":"ABO blood types among Iraqi patients with coronavirus disease 2019","authors":"Falah Obayes Al-Khikani, Z. Alkhafaji","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_174_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_174_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A case–control study was performed to determine ABO blood group distribution in Iraqi hospitalized patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and healthy individuals. The severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) molecularly identified by detecting coronavirus RNA in the nasal swabs. Materials and Methods: 10770 participants were divided into 200 patients with SARS-CoV-2 and 10570 served as the control group. All patients were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and computed tomography scans from three hospitals in Babylon, Iraq. For the ABO blood type, three blood drops were obtained from each individual by pricking the tip of the index finger. Each drop was put on a slide that contained an antiblood typing serum to detect A, B, and D antigens. Statistical analysis was performed by Chi-square in SPSS version 23. Results: The distribution of the ABO blood group system in the healthy group was 24.30%, 38.80%, 26.02%, and 10.86% for type A, O, B, and AB, respectively, while in the COVID-19 patients, the distribution was 36%, 28%, 26%, and 10% for type A, O, B, and AB, respectively. Blood group type A was significantly high in the patient group (36%) compared to healthy participants, whereas the type O blood group was significantly low in patients (28%) compared to control participants. Conclusion: People with blood group A are at high risk to infect with COVID-19 (P < 0001) and the Odds ratio (OR) is 1.7. While blood group O is considered a protective factor against COVID-19 (P = 0.002) and the OD ratio is 0.6. Blood type A was most prevalent in nonsurvivor COVID-19 patients than survivors (P < 0.0001).","PeriodicalId":55681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Scientific Society","volume":"24 1","pages":"364 - 367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139344460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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