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Comparing the effectiveness of ayurvedic, homeopathic, and conventional dentifrice on gingiva: A double-blind randomized controlled trial 比较阿育吠陀、顺势疗法和传统牙膏对牙龈的功效:双盲随机对照试验
IF 0.3 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.4103/jss.jss_265_22
Shivashankar Kengadaran, Anusha Divvi, Joseph John
Background: Dental diseases are a major public health problem worldwide. The World Health Organization reports a prevalence of over 60%–90% of dental caries and gingiva diseases among school children worldwide. Fluoridated dentifrices were considered to be the gold standard for the prevention of dental diseases. However, the side effects encountered with these dentifrices have led to the search for novel and safe alternatives. Aim: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of Ayurvedic, Homeopathic, and Conventional dentifrice on the gingiva. Setting and Design: Double-blinded, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among healthy adults. Subjects were randomly allocated to three groups (n = 54). Group I-Herbal dentifrice, Group II-Homeopathic dentifrice and Group III-Fluoride dentifrice. Plaque and gingival indices were recorded at baseline, 14th day, and 28th day of follow-up. Statistical Analysis Used: Paired t-test and One-way ANOVA. Results: The mean plaque and gingiva index scores were significantly reduced by all treatment groups at the 28th day follow-up. The mean gingival index scores were reduced among all three groups. However, Group I showed the highest reduction (Group I [0.46 ± 0.09] followed by Group II [0.50 ± 0.10] and Group III [0.50 ± 0.14]) at the 14th day and (Group I [0.45 ± 0.09] followed by Group II [0.49 ± 0.06] and Group III [0.44 ± 0.9]) at the 28th day, respectively. The reduction was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: All three groups exhibited antiplaque activity by bringing about a significant reduction in mean plaque and gingival index at 14th day and 28th day. Among all the dentifrices, Group I (Herbal dentifrice) showed better results compared to other groups.
背景:牙科疾病是世界范围内的一个主要公共卫生问题。世界卫生组织报告称,全球学龄儿童的龋齿和牙龈疾病发病率超过 60%-90%。含氟牙膏被认为是预防牙科疾病的黄金标准。然而,这些牙膏所产生的副作用促使人们开始寻找新颖、安全的替代品。目的:本研究旨在比较阿育吠陀、顺势疗法和传统牙膏对牙龈的功效。设置与设计:双盲、平行组、随机临床试验。材料与方法:研究对象为健康成年人。受试者被随机分配到三组(n = 54)。第一组-中药牙膏,第二组-顺势疗法牙膏,第三组-含氟牙膏。分别在基线、随访第 14 天和第 28 天记录牙菌斑和牙龈指数。统计分析配对 t 检验和单因素方差分析。结果在第 28 天的随访中,所有治疗组的牙菌斑和牙龈指数平均值都明显降低。三个治疗组的平均牙龈指数得分均有所降低。然而,在第 14 天和第 28 天,Ⅰ组的降低幅度最大(Ⅰ组 [0.46 ± 0.09],其次是Ⅱ组 [0.50 ± 0.10]和Ⅲ组 [0.50±0.14])(Ⅰ组 [0.45 ± 0.09],其次是Ⅱ组 [0.49 ± 0.06]和Ⅲ组 [0.44±0.9])。结果表明,血糖下降具有显著的统计学意义。结论所有三个组都具有抗牙菌斑活性,在第 14 天和第 28 天时,平均牙菌斑和牙龈指数都有显著下降。在所有牙膏中,第 I 组(草本牙膏)的效果优于其他组。
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引用次数: 0
Complex ovarian cysts in infants: A series of nine cases 婴儿复杂性卵巢囊肿:九例系列病例
IF 0.3 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.4103/jss.jss_247_22
Partha Chakraborty, P. Halder, Ananya Mandal, Sunil Yadav, Sarannya Ghosh, Anusua Saha
Female infants frequently develop ovarian cysts (OCs), which vary in onset, development, and prognosis. When the placenta tissue secretes excessive human chorionic gonadotrophin for a variety of reasons, the fetus develops an OC. Because estrogen levels fall after childbirth, the majority of OCs may also naturally involute. Hence, treating infants with OCs may involve close observation. However, even in previously asymptomatic OCs, torsion, intracystic bleeding, or ovarian necrosis could manifest suddenly in the neonatal or infantile period. Here, we report nine such cases of OCs and share our experiences with diagnosis and treatment.
女婴经常会出现卵巢囊肿(OCs),其发病、发展和预后各不相同。当胎盘组织因各种原因分泌过多的人绒毛膜促性腺激素时,胎儿就会出现卵巢囊肿。由于分娩后雌激素水平下降,大多数 OC 也会自然消退。因此,治疗患有 OC 的婴儿可能需要密切观察。然而,即使是之前无症状的卵巢癌,也可能在新生儿期或婴儿期突然出现扭转、囊内出血或卵巢坏死。在此,我们报告了九例此类卵巢癌病例,并分享了我们的诊断和治疗经验。
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引用次数: 0
Mortality rate due to traffic accident and incidence rate of COVID-19: Any relationship? 交通事故死亡率与 COVID-19 的发病率:两者之间有关系吗?
IF 0.3 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.4103/jss.jss_280_22
P. Sookaromdee, Rujittika Mungmunpuntipantip, V. Wiwanitkit
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引用次数: 0
In silico method potential therapeutic use of Janus Kinase inhibitors as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 main protease inhibitors 将 Janus 激酶抑制剂作为严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2 主要蛋白酶抑制剂的潜在治疗用途的硅学方法
IF 0.3 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.4103/jss.jss_156_22
Shankar Gharge, Sushmita I. Hiremath, Akshata Menasinakai, Mahesh Palled
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is an infectious respiratory disease caused by SARS corona virus 2 (SARS CoV-2). There are several reports of using JAK (Janus kinase)-inhibitors in persons with COVID-19 and the use of these decreased the use of invasive mechanical ventilation and increased survival. There are several ongoing and randomized controlled trials evaluating the therapeutic potential of Janus Kinase inhibitors (JAK i) in severe COVID-19. The structure, metabolic pathways and pathophysiology of COVID-19 associated diseases is important to identify possible drug targets. Hence in 2020, successful crystallized structure of the main protease (Mpro) from COVID-19 has been structured and repositioned in the Protein Data Bank (PDB), which is a potential target for the inhibition of CoV replication. Aims and Objectives: As there are no computational studies have been reported on computer based screening on Janus Kinase inhibitors to investigate its drug likeness properties and ADME profile along with some toxicity investigations. Hence an attempt has been made to study drug likeness properties and ADME profile of selected Janus Kinase inhibitors using computer applications and servers. Materials and Methods: The admetSAR and SwissADME servers are used for describing the molecular properties, which is important for a drug pharmacokinetics in the human body and molecular docking study to predict hypothetical binding affinity of protein is mainly done by PyRx 0.8 and visualizied by Biovia Discovery Studio 2021. Results: We have selected few Janus Kinase inhibitors (JAK i) as ligands such as Baricitinib, Upadacitinib, Oclacitinib, Tofacitinib, Ruxolitinib, Fedratinib, Peficitinib and Filgotinib and binding energy score of all inhibitors found to be -6.8, -6.8, -6.7, -5.7, -6.8, -7.7, -6.7 and -7.8 kcal/mol, respectively. Conclusion: The docking analysis in the present study showed the inhibition potential of several compounds, ranked by affinity Filgotinib > Fedratinib >Ruxolitinib, Upadacitinib, Baricitinib > Oclacitinib, Peficitinib > Tofacitinib which were the most recommended Janus Kinase inhibitor (JAKI) found as potential inhibitors of COVID-19 M pro, which should be explored in future research.
背景:冠状病毒病 2019(COVID-19)是由 SARS 冠状病毒 2(SARS CoV-2)引起的一种传染性呼吸道疾病。有多篇报道称,在COVID-19患者中使用JAK(Janus激酶)抑制剂可减少有创机械通气的使用并提高存活率。有几项正在进行的随机对照试验正在评估Janus激酶抑制剂(JAK i)对重症COVID-19的治疗潜力。COVID-19相关疾病的结构、代谢途径和病理生理学对于确定可能的药物靶点非常重要。因此,在2020年,COVID-19的主要蛋白酶(Mpro)的结晶结构被成功构建并重新定位在蛋白质数据库(PDB)中,这是抑制CoV复制的一个潜在靶点。目的和目标:目前还没有关于基于计算机筛选 Janus 激酶抑制剂的计算研究报告,以研究其药物相似特性和 ADME 特征以及一些毒性调查。因此,我们尝试使用计算机应用程序和服务器来研究选定的 Janus 激酶抑制剂的药物相似性和 ADME 特征。材料与方法:admetSAR和SwissADME服务器用于描述分子特性,这对药物在人体内的药代动力学非常重要;分子对接研究主要通过PyRx 0.8来预测蛋白质的假设结合亲和力,并通过Biovia Discovery Studio 2021进行可视化。结果:我们选择了一些 Janus 激酶抑制剂(JAK i)作为配体,如 Baricitinib、Upadacitinib、Oclacitinib、Tofacitinib、Ruxolitinib、Fedratinib、Peficitinib 和 Filgotinib,发现所有抑制剂的结合能得分分别为 -6.8、-6.8、-6.7、-5.7、-6.8、-7.7、-6.7 和 -7.8 kcal/mol。结论本研究的对接分析表明了几种化合物的抑制潜力,按亲和力排序,Filgotinib > Fedratinib > Ruxolitinib、Upadacitinib、Baricitinib > Oclacitinib、Peficitinib > Tofacitinib是最值得推荐的Janus激酶抑制剂(JAKI),它们是COVID-19 M pro的潜在抑制剂,应在今后的研究中加以探索。
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引用次数: 0
Use of platelet-rich fibrin in hypospadias surgery 尿道下裂手术中使用富血小板纤维蛋白
IF 0.3 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.4103/jss.jss_123_22
Rajendra Nerli, S. Rangrez, C. Saniya
Hypospadias is a common congenital anomaly. Treatment for hypospadias is surgical, but there is no technique that is recognized as the gold standard. The most common complication occurring after hypospadias repair is urethrocutaneous fistula with a reported incidence varying from 4% to 28%. The use of an intermediate layer between the neourethra and the skin is one of the most important techniques used to reduce the likelihood of fistula formation. Several coverage techniques have been described including local subcutaneous penile tissue, tunica vaginalis, dartos, and extragenital tissues. In addition to tissue flaps, fibrin sealants have been introduced to prevent fistula formation. Platelet-rich fibrin membrane is an autologous source of growth factors and has been used to prevent fistulous complications.
尿道下裂是一种常见的先天性畸形。尿道下裂的治疗方法是手术,但目前还没有公认的金标准技术。尿道下裂修复术后最常见的并发症是尿道皮肤瘘,据报道发生率在 4% 到 28% 之间。在尿道口和皮肤之间使用中间层是减少瘘管形成可能性的最重要技术之一。已有多种覆盖技术,包括局部阴茎皮下组织、阴道外膜、达托斯和生殖器外组织。除组织瓣外,还引入了纤维蛋白密封剂来防止瘘管形成。富血小板纤维蛋白膜是生长因子的自体来源,已被用于预防瘘管并发症。
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引用次数: 0
Cyanocobalamin-induced anaphylactic reaction 氰钴胺引起的过敏反应
IF 0.3 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.4103/jss.jss_180_22
C. Sajan, Elizabeth Jacob
It is widely recognized that Vitamin B12, also known as cyanocobalamin, is a nutrient that keeps the body's nerves and blood cells healthy and contributes in deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis. Megaloblastic anemia, a form of anemia that causes fatigue and weakness, can be prevented with Vitamin B12. The main objective of this case report was to draw attention to the rare hypersensitive reactions which can occur after injecting Vitamin B12 supplement therapy. The abovementioned reaction could be a result to an immunoglobulin E-mediated reaction or due to sensitization to the Vitamin B12 molecule itself. Here, we have reported the case of a 25-year-old female patient, a known case of pulmonary tuberculosis, who was hospitalized and on medication of fixed dose of directly observed treatment, short-course, nebulizer Combimist, tablet beclomethasone, and cyanocobalamin injection. We deduce that the anaphylactoid reaction to Vitamin B12 is a rare but serious side effect and that it should be vigilantly monitored while administering the drug to the patient, especially if the parenteral route is preferred.
维生素 B12 又称氰钴胺,是一种公认的营养素,它能保持人体神经和血细胞的健康,并有助于脱氧核糖核酸的合成。巨幼红细胞性贫血是一种导致疲劳和虚弱的贫血,服用维生素 B12 可以预防这种贫血。本病例报告的主要目的是提请人们注意注射维生素 B12 补充剂治疗后可能出现的罕见超敏反应。上述反应可能是免疫球蛋白 E 介导的反应,也可能是对维生素 B12 分子本身过敏所致。在此,我们报告了一例 25 岁女性患者的病例,该患者已知患有肺结核,曾住院并接受固定剂量的直接观察治疗、短疗程、雾化康米斯特、倍氯米松片剂和氰钴胺注射液等药物治疗。我们推断,对维生素 B12 的过敏性反应是一种罕见但严重的副作用,在给病人用药时,尤其是首选肠外途径用药时,应警惕这种反应。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of depression among pharmacy students of Gujarat 古吉拉特邦药学专业学生抑郁症患病率
IF 0.3 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.4103/jss.jss_179_22
C. Sajan, H. Patel, Dullari Patel, Twinkal Patet, Bhumi Vadodariya, H. Rajput
Background: Depression is one of the most common mental disorders. There is evidence that depression is more common among college students. Diminished capacity to do regular chores and decreased quality of life are frequent complaints. The objectives of our study are to assess the depression in gender disparity and to assess the depression in the field of pharmacy on graduate and undergraduate students. Materials and Methods: In India, from the state of Gujarat, 7 institutes participated in the study. The updated Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale was implemented in this investigation. The sample size is 370 in total. Results: Among 370 students, 56.49% were male and 43.51% were female. The study has shown that students of pharmacy who lived at their relative's place have experienced severe depression in a greater number (81.36%). Mild depression was commonly found in students who lived at home (35.32%). Students who were new to course, i.e., 1st-year students in a greater number have experienced severe depression (67.19%). A greater number of students from colleges of the east-central area suffered from severe depression (33.78%). Severe depression was found to be common in M. Pharm students among all students (70.83%). Conclusion: The study indicated that male students were more likely than female students to experience more depression. Students who were new to the course and students who were in master degree had a higher risk of severe depression.
背景:抑郁症是最常见的精神障碍之一。有证据表明,抑郁症在大学生中更为常见。经常有人抱怨做家务的能力下降和生活质量下降。我们研究的目的是评估性别差异中的抑郁症,并评估研究生和本科生在药学领域的抑郁症。材料和方法:在印度古吉拉特邦,有7个研究所参与了这项研究。本次调查采用了最新的流行病学研究中心抑郁量表。样本总数为370个。结果:370名学生中,男性占56.49%,女性占43.51%。研究表明,住在亲戚家的药学系学生经历过严重抑郁症的人数更多(81.36%)。轻度抑郁症常见于住在家里的学生(35.32%)。,大一学生中有较多的学生(67.19%)患有严重抑郁症。中东部地区大学的学生中有较大的学生患有严重抑郁症(33.78%)。结论:研究表明,男生比女生更有可能经历更多的抑郁症。初学该课程的学生和攻读硕士学位的学生患严重抑郁症的风险更高。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of dentin matrix proteins on differentiation of autologous guinea pig dental pulp stem cells 牙本质基质蛋白对豚鼠牙髓干细胞分化的影响
IF 0.3 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.4103/jss.jss_186_22
Abolfazl Taher, M. Sadrabad, Armin Izadi, R. Ghorbani, Shabnam Sohanian, E. Saberian
Backround: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of dentin matrix proteins on the differentiation of guinea pig dental pulp stem cells to regenerate Dentin Bridge. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was performed on six adult male guinea pigs. Pig incisor teeth were divided into two groups: the first group was induced by calcium hydroxide as a control group and the second group was induced by matrix protein induction as a case group. After 1 and 3 days, the samples of both groups were stained by hematoxylin and eosin to examine the presence of odontoblast-like cells, the severity of inflammation, and the type and amount of dentin which was made, microscopically and for counting stem cells in the dentin site. Immunohistochemistry staining method was done. Results: In the case group, the amount of reconstituted dentin, the presence of stem cells and odontoblastic differentiation were higher than in the control group (P < 0.05) and the type of regenerated dentin potentially was of higher quality, although it was not statistically significant (P = 0.924). However, the amount of regenerated dentin (P = 0.001), the presence of pulp stem cells (P = 0.001) and the increased quality of regenerated dentin (P = 0.001) in both groups on the 1st and 3rd days were significantly different. Conclusion: The results showed that dentin matrix proteins were more effective on stem cell migration, odontoblastic differentiation, amount and quality of restorative dentin than the control group, but did not significantly; probably because low sample size.
背景:本研究旨在研究牙本质基质蛋白对豚鼠牙髓干细胞分化再生牙本质桥的影响。材料与方法:本实验在6只成年雄性豚鼠身上进行。将猪门牙分为两组:第一组用氢氧化钙诱导作为对照组,第二组用基质蛋白诱导作为病例组。1天和3天后,用苏木精和伊红对两组样品进行染色,以检查成牙本质样细胞的存在、炎症的严重程度以及制作的牙本质的类型和数量,并在显微镜下对牙本质部位的干细胞进行计数。免疫组化染色法。结果:病例组再生牙本质的数量、干细胞的存在和成牙本质细胞的分化均高于对照组(P<0.05),再生牙本质类型可能具有更高的质量,但无统计学意义(P=0.924),两组在第1天和第3天的牙髓干细胞的存在(P=0.001)和再生牙本质质量的提高(P=0.000)有显著差异。结论:与对照组相比,牙本质基质蛋白对干细胞迁移、成牙本质细胞分化、修复性牙本质的数量和质量有更大的影响,但不显著;可能是因为样本量小。
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引用次数: 0
Stereomicroscopic evaluation of marginal fit of premachined and castable abutments at implant abutment connection interface – An In Vitro study 预制和浇注基牙在种植体-基牙连接界面边缘配合的立体显微镜评估——体外研究
IF 0.3 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.5958/2230-7273.2022.00035.7
Prince Kumar, Swarndeep Singh, S. Mishra
Background: The precision fit at the implant-abutment interface is a significant criterion for the success of implant restorations clinically. Various factors are involved in it, including fabrication techniques and utilized materials. The misfit at the implant-abutment interface is capable of causing screw loosening and fracture of the abutment screws. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the marginal fit of premachined and castable abutment at implant-abutment connection interface using stereomicroscope. Materials and Methods: Fifteen castable abutments (Group A) and 15 premachined titanium abutments (Group B) were used for the study and connected to titanium implants and evaluated under the stereomicroscope. Images of the sample were recorded at three equidistant points at the implant-abutment interface to measure the vertical microgap at the platform level. The data were subjected to statistical evaluation using the “t”-test. Results: Data were sent for the statistical analysis by the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version. The mean for Group A (customized abutments) at mesiobuccal point was 13.2199 with a standard error of 0.5281. For premachined abutments, it was 6.4629 and with a standard error of 0.3201. Similarly, the mean for Group A (customized abutments) at the distobuccal point was 12.0861 with a standard error of 0.3428. On comparative assessment, the mean microgap in between the groups showed significant difference (Tukey test). Conclusion: On implant-abutment interface at the platform level, the microgaps of premachined implant abutments were significantly lesser than the casted implant abutments. Furthermore, the microgap of both tested groups was found within the clinically acceptable ranges.
背景:种植体-基牙界面的精确配合是临床种植体修复成功的重要标准。它涉及各种因素,包括制造技术和使用的材料。种植体-基牙界面处的不配合会导致基牙螺钉松动和断裂。目的:应用体视显微镜评价预制基牙与铸造基牙在种植体-基牙连接界面的边缘配合度。材料与方法:采用15个铸造基牙(A组)和15个预制钛基牙(B组),与钛种植体连接,体视显微镜下观察。在种植体-基牙界面的三个等距点记录样品的图像,以测量平台水平的垂直微间隙。数据采用“t”检验进行统计评价。结果:使用statistical Package for Social Sciences version软件发送数据进行统计分析。A组(定制基牙)在中颊点的平均值为13.2199,标准误差为0.5281。预加工基台的标准误差为6.4629,标准误差为0.3201。同样,A组(定制基台)在分布点的平均值为12.0861,标准误差为0.3428。经比较,两组间平均微差差异有统计学意义(Tukey检验)。结论:在种植体-基台交界面上,预制基台的微间隙明显小于铸造基台。此外,两组的微间隙均在临床可接受的范围内。
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引用次数: 0
A review on the experimental role of platelet-rich plasma as a biological stimulator for cartilage regeneration 富血小板血浆作为软骨再生生物刺激剂的实验研究进展
IF 0.3 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.4103/jss.jss_106_22
Kuldeep Chhatbar
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a highly enriched combination of growth factors and pro-inflammatory cytokines which has shown success in cartilage healing. Furthermore, the fibrinogen in PRP may be triggered to produce a fibrin matrix to fill articular defects, so satisfying the basic needs of biological wound repair. The proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and scaffolding properties of PRP are discussed in this article obtained from laboratory experiments, observational studies, and clinical testing. PRP has been seen in culture to boost cell growth and calcareous matrix formation by osteocytes and mature mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), promote matrix release by synoviocytes, reduce interleukin-1-induced inflammatory, and offer a favorable platform for MSCs. PRP has been utilized in preclinical trials as a hydrogel to fill cartilage deficiencies with varying results, or to stop the course of disease in animal models with beneficial results. Existing medical study findings indicate that PRP may have the capacity to fill tissue defects to promote cartilage regeneration, alleviate arthritis symptoms, and boost joint mobility while maintaining a reasonable safety profile. Despite the fact that current data indicates to prefer PRP above hyaluronan for the management of pain, the effectiveness of PRP therapies is undetermined due to the very diverse character of published research and the varying content of PRP formulations. Future research will be needed to identify the functional group actions of specific PRP components in modifying certain disease pathways.
富血小板血浆(PRP)是一种高度富集的生长因子和促炎细胞因子的组合,在软骨愈合中显示出成功。此外,PRP中的纤维蛋白原可能被触发产生纤维蛋白基质来填补关节缺损,从而满足生物创面修复的基本需要。本文从实验室实验、观察性研究和临床试验中讨论了PRP的增殖、抗炎和支架特性。PRP已在培养中被发现促进骨细胞和成熟间充质干细胞(MSCs)的细胞生长和钙基质形成,促进滑膜细胞释放基质,减少白细胞介素-1诱导的炎症,并为MSCs的形成提供有利的平台。在临床前试验中,PRP已被用作水凝胶来填补软骨缺陷,结果不同,或在动物模型中停止疾病进程,结果有益。现有的医学研究结果表明,PRP可能具有填补组织缺陷、促进软骨再生、缓解关节炎症状和增强关节活动能力的能力,同时保持合理的安全性。尽管目前的数据表明,在治疗疼痛方面,PRP比透明质酸更受青睐,但由于已发表研究的多样性和PRP配方的不同内容,PRP治疗的有效性尚不确定。未来的研究将需要确定特定PRP成分在改变某些疾病途径中的功能群作用。
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