Pub Date : 2019-06-28DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.03.014
Cui-Cui Zhao, J. Chen, Yan Liu, Chuan-Gui Zhang
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women, and its incidence has increased year by year, which is one of the most important causes of death among women, especially young women. Studying related cell signal transduction that affects the development and progression of breast cancer can help prevent the occurrence of breast cancer, slow down the cancer progression and improve the prognosis of patients. nitric oxide (NO) is a kind of signaling molecule. Many studies have shown that the production and expression of NO are closely related to breast cancer. NO-related cell signal transduction significantly affects the occurrence and development of breast cancer. However, the understanding of the relationship between NO and breast cancer associated cell signal transduction needs to be further improved. In this paper, the related studies on NO-related cellular signal transduction in breast cancer were reviewed with a view to improving the understanding of the development and progression of breast cancer. Key words: Nitric oxide; Breast cancer; Cell signal transduction
{"title":"Research progress in cellular signal transduction of nitric oxide and breast cancer","authors":"Cui-Cui Zhao, J. Chen, Yan Liu, Chuan-Gui Zhang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.03.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women, and its incidence has increased year by year, which is one of the most important causes of death among women, especially young women. Studying related cell signal transduction that affects the development and progression of breast cancer can help prevent the occurrence of breast cancer, slow down the cancer progression and improve the prognosis of patients. nitric oxide (NO) is a kind of signaling molecule. Many studies have shown that the production and expression of NO are closely related to breast cancer. NO-related cell signal transduction significantly affects the occurrence and development of breast cancer. However, the understanding of the relationship between NO and breast cancer associated cell signal transduction needs to be further improved. In this paper, the related studies on NO-related cellular signal transduction in breast cancer were reviewed with a view to improving the understanding of the development and progression of breast cancer. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Nitric oxide; Breast cancer; Cell signal transduction","PeriodicalId":61751,"journal":{"name":"国际生物医学工程杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44227976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-28DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.03.015
Xiafei Shi, Yingxin Li, W. Jin
Metronomic photodynamic therapy (mPDT) is a new type of photodynamic therapy (PDT) that has received much attention in recent years. It has a similar therapeutic mechanism to traditional PDT, i.e. the photosensitizer is irradiated by visible light irradiation with a specific wavelength, and tissue oxygen photochemical reactions produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) that selectively kill rapidly proliferating tumor cells. Unlike traditional PDT, the photosensitizer and light in mPDT are continuously transmitted at a low time and at a low rate, and the specificity of tumor treatment is enhanced by apoptosis. In this paper, the current researches on the in vitro and in vivo effects and mechanisms of mPDT, as well as the research status of photosensitizers and light sources for in vivo research, were reviewed, with a view to understanding the existing mPDT technology and providing reference for the further studies. This review paper can provide a basic for promoting the clinical research and application of mPDT. Key words: Metronomic photodynamic therapy; Photosensitizers; Light sources; Brain tumor; 5-aminolevulinic acid
{"title":"Research progress in metronomic photodynamic therapy","authors":"Xiafei Shi, Yingxin Li, W. Jin","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.03.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"Metronomic photodynamic therapy (mPDT) is a new type of photodynamic therapy (PDT) that has received much attention in recent years. It has a similar therapeutic mechanism to traditional PDT, i.e. the photosensitizer is irradiated by visible light irradiation with a specific wavelength, and tissue oxygen photochemical reactions produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) that selectively kill rapidly proliferating tumor cells. Unlike traditional PDT, the photosensitizer and light in mPDT are continuously transmitted at a low time and at a low rate, and the specificity of tumor treatment is enhanced by apoptosis. In this paper, the current researches on the in vitro and in vivo effects and mechanisms of mPDT, as well as the research status of photosensitizers and light sources for in vivo research, were reviewed, with a view to understanding the existing mPDT technology and providing reference for the further studies. This review paper can provide a basic for promoting the clinical research and application of mPDT. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Metronomic photodynamic therapy; Photosensitizers; Light sources; Brain tumor; 5-aminolevulinic acid","PeriodicalId":61751,"journal":{"name":"国际生物医学工程杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42633927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective To express and purify two domains GcⅠ and GcⅡ of Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus (XHFV) glycoprotein, and to study its immunogenicity and the effects on immune response in mice. Methods The prokaryotic expression plasmids of pET28a-GcⅠ and pET32a-GcⅡ were constructed and transformed into E. coli BL21, respectively. The expression and purification conditions of rGcⅠ and rGcⅡ proteins were optimized. The antigenicity of the fusion protein was detected by Western Blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). BALB/c mice were immunized by protein immunization and DNA priming-protein boosting. The mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, including pVAX1-GcⅠ+rGcⅠ group, pVAX1-GcⅡ+rGcⅡ group, rGcⅠ group, rGcⅡ group and saline group (control group) with 7 mice in each group. The serum antibody titer of mice was detected by indirect ELISA, and the immune effect was evaluated by spleen T lymphocyte proliferation assay and cytokine content determination. Results The fusion proteins rGcⅠ and rGcⅡ were purified and obtained, which could react with positive serum of sheep and had good antigenicity. After three immunizations, the IgG levels in the serum of each experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.001). The serum antibody titers of the experimental groups were reached above 1∶12 800. Among them, the concentration of Th2 type cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the spleen cell culture supernatant of rGcⅡ [(79.97±7.47) ng/L] and pVAX1-GcⅡ+rGcⅡ group [(61.43±9.27) ng/L] was significantly higher than (24.29±3.81) ng/L of the control group, respectively (all P<0.01). The highest mass concentration [(42.46±2.60) ng/L] of Th1 type cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ) was observed in the pVAX1-GcⅡ+rGcⅡ group, which was significantly higher than (20.33±1.67) ng/L of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). That showed a significant antigen-specific splenic T lymphocyte proliferation (P<0.001). Conclusions The purified recombinant proteins rGcⅠand rGcⅡhave good immunogenicity, which can make the immune system T lymphocytes tend to Th2 response, and pVAX1-GcⅡ combined with recombinant protein GcⅡ can induce better antigen-specific immune effect. And pVAX1-GcⅡ combined with recombinant protein GcⅡ is expected to be used as vaccine candidates for the prevention and control of XHFV. Key words: Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus; Glycoprotein; Prokaryotic expression; Purification; Immunogenicity
{"title":"Antigenicity and immunogenicity analysis of Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus Gc antigen fragment","authors":"Jìngyuàn Zhāng, Meifang Wang, Chaofan Guo, Huabing Zhu, Yijie Li, Yujiang Zhang, Sùróng Sūn","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To express and purify two domains GcⅠ and GcⅡ of Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus (XHFV) glycoprotein, and to study its immunogenicity and the effects on immune response in mice. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000The prokaryotic expression plasmids of pET28a-GcⅠ and pET32a-GcⅡ were constructed and transformed into E. coli BL21, respectively. The expression and purification conditions of rGcⅠ and rGcⅡ proteins were optimized. The antigenicity of the fusion protein was detected by Western Blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). BALB/c mice were immunized by protein immunization and DNA priming-protein boosting. The mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, including pVAX1-GcⅠ+rGcⅠ group, pVAX1-GcⅡ+rGcⅡ group, rGcⅠ group, rGcⅡ group and saline group (control group) with 7 mice in each group. The serum antibody titer of mice was detected by indirect ELISA, and the immune effect was evaluated by spleen T lymphocyte proliferation assay and cytokine content determination. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The fusion proteins rGcⅠ and rGcⅡ were purified and obtained, which could react with positive serum of sheep and had good antigenicity. After three immunizations, the IgG levels in the serum of each experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.001). The serum antibody titers of the experimental groups were reached above 1∶12 800. Among them, the concentration of Th2 type cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the spleen cell culture supernatant of rGcⅡ [(79.97±7.47) ng/L] and pVAX1-GcⅡ+rGcⅡ group [(61.43±9.27) ng/L] was significantly higher than (24.29±3.81) ng/L of the control group, respectively (all P<0.01). The highest mass concentration [(42.46±2.60) ng/L] of Th1 type cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ) was observed in the pVAX1-GcⅡ+rGcⅡ group, which was significantly higher than (20.33±1.67) ng/L of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). That showed a significant antigen-specific splenic T lymphocyte proliferation (P<0.001). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The purified recombinant proteins rGcⅠand rGcⅡhave good immunogenicity, which can make the immune system T lymphocytes tend to Th2 response, and pVAX1-GcⅡ combined with recombinant protein GcⅡ can induce better antigen-specific immune effect. And pVAX1-GcⅡ combined with recombinant protein GcⅡ is expected to be used as vaccine candidates for the prevention and control of XHFV. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus; Glycoprotein; Prokaryotic expression; Purification; Immunogenicity","PeriodicalId":61751,"journal":{"name":"国际生物医学工程杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47355278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-28DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.03.010
Lianmin Zhang, D. Yue, Zhenfa Zhang
Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the world. In order to improve the survival rate of patients with advanced lung cancer, more effective treatment methods are needed, in which immunotherapy has a broad therapeutic prospect. In recent years, immune-checkpoint inhibitors have received extensive attention in the treatment of lung cancer. Significant progress has been made in the development of a variety of first-line and second-line treatments, and significant advances have been made in the treatment of advanced lung cancer. With the successful application of immune-checkpoint inhibitors, neoadjuvant therapy has attracted extensive attention. In addition, the successful application of combined therapies such as immune combined immunization, immune combined tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) and immune combined chemotherapy improved the survival rate of patients to some extent. However, pseudo progression and drug resistance has become a non-negligible problem in the immunotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer, which is worthy of further study. Although immune-checkpoint inhibitors have once again brought attention to tumor immunotherapy, their side effects are also worthy of attention. The recent advances in the application of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer were summarized in order to provide a theoretical basis for its clinical application. Key words: Non-small cell lung cancer; Immunotherapy; Immune-checkpoint inhibitors; Neoadjuvant therapy; Pseudo progress
{"title":"Progress advance in the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer","authors":"Lianmin Zhang, D. Yue, Zhenfa Zhang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.03.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the world. In order to improve the survival rate of patients with advanced lung cancer, more effective treatment methods are needed, in which immunotherapy has a broad therapeutic prospect. In recent years, immune-checkpoint inhibitors have received extensive attention in the treatment of lung cancer. Significant progress has been made in the development of a variety of first-line and second-line treatments, and significant advances have been made in the treatment of advanced lung cancer. With the successful application of immune-checkpoint inhibitors, neoadjuvant therapy has attracted extensive attention. In addition, the successful application of combined therapies such as immune combined immunization, immune combined tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) and immune combined chemotherapy improved the survival rate of patients to some extent. However, pseudo progression and drug resistance has become a non-negligible problem in the immunotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer, which is worthy of further study. Although immune-checkpoint inhibitors have once again brought attention to tumor immunotherapy, their side effects are also worthy of attention. The recent advances in the application of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer were summarized in order to provide a theoretical basis for its clinical application. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Non-small cell lung cancer; Immunotherapy; Immune-checkpoint inhibitors; Neoadjuvant therapy; Pseudo progress","PeriodicalId":61751,"journal":{"name":"国际生物医学工程杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44773076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-28DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.03.003
Wei Li, Weiping Zhang
Objective To investigate the effects of astaxanthin on the proliferation and invasion of SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cells and to explore its mechanism. Methods MTT colorimetry was used to investigate the inhibition effect of astaxanthin on SKOV3 cells. Transwell assay was used to investigate the effect of astaxanthin on the invasion of SKOV3 cells. Flow cytometry was used to investigate the cell cycle of astaxanthin on SKOV3 cells. The effect of astaxanthin on cell cycle and invasion-related protein expression was investigated by Western Blot method. Results Astaxanthin had a significant inhibitory effect on cell proliferation and was concentration dependent. The invasive ability of SKOV3 cells was significantly decreased under the treatment of astaxanthin(P<0.05). Compared with control group, the proportion of SKOV3 cells in G1 phase in the astaxanthin-treated group was significantly increased. The protein expression of matrix metallo proteinase 2(MMP-2), matrix metallo proteinase 9 (MMP-9), and cyclin-dependent protein kinase 6(CDK6) and Cyclin A were significantly decreased in astaxanthin-treated SKOV3 cells compared with the control group(all P<0.05). Conclusions Astaxanthin can significantly inhibit the growth of SKOV3 cells and arrest the SKOV3 cell cycle in G1 phase, and can inhibit the growth and invasion of SKOV3 by regulating cell cycle and invasion-related proteins. Key words: Astaxanthin; Ovarian cancer; Proliferation; Invasion; Mechanism research
{"title":"Proliferation and invasion effect of astaxanthin on human ovarian cancer and its mechanism","authors":"Wei Li, Weiping Zhang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the effects of astaxanthin on the proliferation and invasion of SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cells and to explore its mechanism. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000MTT colorimetry was used to investigate the inhibition effect of astaxanthin on SKOV3 cells. Transwell assay was used to investigate the effect of astaxanthin on the invasion of SKOV3 cells. Flow cytometry was used to investigate the cell cycle of astaxanthin on SKOV3 cells. The effect of astaxanthin on cell cycle and invasion-related protein expression was investigated by Western Blot method. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Astaxanthin had a significant inhibitory effect on cell proliferation and was concentration dependent. The invasive ability of SKOV3 cells was significantly decreased under the treatment of astaxanthin(P<0.05). Compared with control group, the proportion of SKOV3 cells in G1 phase in the astaxanthin-treated group was significantly increased. The protein expression of matrix metallo proteinase 2(MMP-2), matrix metallo proteinase 9 (MMP-9), and cyclin-dependent protein kinase 6(CDK6) and Cyclin A were significantly decreased in astaxanthin-treated SKOV3 cells compared with the control group(all P<0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000Astaxanthin can significantly inhibit the growth of SKOV3 cells and arrest the SKOV3 cell cycle in G1 phase, and can inhibit the growth and invasion of SKOV3 by regulating cell cycle and invasion-related proteins. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Astaxanthin; Ovarian cancer; Proliferation; Invasion; Mechanism research","PeriodicalId":61751,"journal":{"name":"国际生物医学工程杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47743541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-28DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.03.009
Qingyuan Li, Meixiu Sun, Chuji Wang, Yingxin Li
Human exhaled gases contain thousands of trace amounts of trace volatile organic compounds (VOCs), some of which are endogenous substance and can be detected as potential biomarkers for disease. Acetone, the second highest VOCs in human exhaled gases, has been widely used in non-invasive diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes. At present, more than 30 independent studies have been undertaken on the range of breath acetone concentration and its influencing factors, and the quantitative relationship between blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic patients. However, there are still many challenges in the application of breath acetone as a clinical regulatory parameter for diabetes. In this paper, the research status and progress in the breath acetone and analysis method were reviewed, and the existing problems in diabetes diagnosis and monitoring were discussed. Besides, the future development prospects were analyzed with the present technical level. Key words: Diabetes; Acetone; Breath analysis; Biomarkers; Cavity ring-down spectroscopy
{"title":"Breath acetone: trends in techniques and its potential clinical applications in diabetes management","authors":"Qingyuan Li, Meixiu Sun, Chuji Wang, Yingxin Li","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.03.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"Human exhaled gases contain thousands of trace amounts of trace volatile organic compounds (VOCs), some of which are endogenous substance and can be detected as potential biomarkers for disease. Acetone, the second highest VOCs in human exhaled gases, has been widely used in non-invasive diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes. At present, more than 30 independent studies have been undertaken on the range of breath acetone concentration and its influencing factors, and the quantitative relationship between blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic patients. However, there are still many challenges in the application of breath acetone as a clinical regulatory parameter for diabetes. In this paper, the research status and progress in the breath acetone and analysis method were reviewed, and the existing problems in diabetes diagnosis and monitoring were discussed. Besides, the future development prospects were analyzed with the present technical level. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Diabetes; Acetone; Breath analysis; Biomarkers; Cavity ring-down spectroscopy","PeriodicalId":61751,"journal":{"name":"国际生物医学工程杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45136215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-28DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.02.016
Jing-peng Hao, Hui Wang, Ganggang Shi, Mei Han, Penghao Li
The incidence of colorectal cancer is high threatening human health. About 60%~70% cases of CRC are derived from colorectal polyps, which can be treated by endoscopic electrotomy to prevent the possibility of canceration. Therefore, in the prevention and treatment of CRC, the role of screening is of great significance. CRC screening methods include the most commonly used fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and the more sensitive fecal immunochemical test (FIT), cost-effective fiber sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy, CT colonoscopy (CTC), and fecal DNA testing and immature CRC hematology screening. In this paper, the CRC screening technologies were reviewed, including the principles, characteristics and the latest research progress to provide a theoretical basis for the application and development of CRC screening technology. Key words: Colorectal cancer; Screening technology; Colonoscopy
{"title":"Research progress in colorectal cancer screening","authors":"Jing-peng Hao, Hui Wang, Ganggang Shi, Mei Han, Penghao Li","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.02.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.02.016","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of colorectal cancer is high threatening human health. About 60%~70% cases of CRC are derived from colorectal polyps, which can be treated by endoscopic electrotomy to prevent the possibility of canceration. Therefore, in the prevention and treatment of CRC, the role of screening is of great significance. CRC screening methods include the most commonly used fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and the more sensitive fecal immunochemical test (FIT), cost-effective fiber sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy, CT colonoscopy (CTC), and fecal DNA testing and immature CRC hematology screening. In this paper, the CRC screening technologies were reviewed, including the principles, characteristics and the latest research progress to provide a theoretical basis for the application and development of CRC screening technology. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Colorectal cancer; Screening technology; Colonoscopy","PeriodicalId":61751,"journal":{"name":"国际生物医学工程杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44527514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-28DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.02.015
Xiaojun Liu, Yu-qin Zhang, Yi⁃jun Song
Epilepsy is a chronic brain lesion caused by a variety of pathological factors. It is characterized by repeatability, transient and seizure, and is one of the common neurological systemic diseases in children. Seizures can induce structural changes of sleep and cause sleep disorders, and sleep disorders call induce interictal epileptiform discharges and seizures. The abnormal sleep structure of children with epilepsy is characterized by decreased total sleep time, prolonged sleep latency, prolonged latency of rapid eye movement (REM), and decreased proportion of sleep fragments and shortened sleep cycle time. Epilepsy and sleep are closely related and complex. Controlling seizures can help improve the quality of sleep. The normalization of sleep structure in children with epilepsy can help control seizures, thus improving overall quality of life and long-term prognosis. Key words: Children; Epilepsy; Sleep disorders
{"title":"Research progress of interaction between epilepsy and sleep in children","authors":"Xiaojun Liu, Yu-qin Zhang, Yi⁃jun Song","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.02.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.02.015","url":null,"abstract":"Epilepsy is a chronic brain lesion caused by a variety of pathological factors. It is characterized by repeatability, transient and seizure, and is one of the common neurological systemic diseases in children. Seizures can induce structural changes of sleep and cause sleep disorders, and sleep disorders call induce interictal epileptiform discharges and seizures. The abnormal sleep structure of children with epilepsy is characterized by decreased total sleep time, prolonged sleep latency, prolonged latency of rapid eye movement (REM), and decreased proportion of sleep fragments and shortened sleep cycle time. Epilepsy and sleep are closely related and complex. Controlling seizures can help improve the quality of sleep. The normalization of sleep structure in children with epilepsy can help control seizures, thus improving overall quality of life and long-term prognosis. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Children; Epilepsy; Sleep disorders","PeriodicalId":61751,"journal":{"name":"国际生物医学工程杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42697367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-28DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.02.017
Jiayan Zhou
Malignant tumor is one of the most deadly diseases in the world. Researches focus on finding tumor therapy with better therapeutic efficiency and fewer side effects. Improving the therapeutic effect and reducing the side effects are the two hot topics in the field of malignant tumors treatment. As one of the new methods for non-invasive treatment of malignant tumors, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has the advantage of low cytoxicity and low drug resistance. PDT induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by irradiating light to specific sites, causing tumor cell apoptosis and necrosis, and achieving therapeutic purposes. Compared with the traditional PDT, long-wavelength light-triggered photodynamic therapy has deep tissue penetration and less cytoxicity. In this paper, the technical development of the long-wavelength light-triggered PDT was summarized including photosensitizers, two-photon activated PDT and upconversion PDT. The research progress of this therapeutic method in the treatment of malignant tumors was also reviewed. Key words: Tumor; Photodynamic therapy; Long-wavelength light; Nanomaterial
{"title":"Research progress of long-wavelength light-triggered photodynamic therapy for malignant tumor treatment","authors":"Jiayan Zhou","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.02.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.02.017","url":null,"abstract":"Malignant tumor is one of the most deadly diseases in the world. Researches focus on finding tumor therapy with better therapeutic efficiency and fewer side effects. Improving the therapeutic effect and reducing the side effects are the two hot topics in the field of malignant tumors treatment. As one of the new methods for non-invasive treatment of malignant tumors, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has the advantage of low cytoxicity and low drug resistance. PDT induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by irradiating light to specific sites, causing tumor cell apoptosis and necrosis, and achieving therapeutic purposes. Compared with the traditional PDT, long-wavelength light-triggered photodynamic therapy has deep tissue penetration and less cytoxicity. In this paper, the technical development of the long-wavelength light-triggered PDT was summarized including photosensitizers, two-photon activated PDT and upconversion PDT. The research progress of this therapeutic method in the treatment of malignant tumors was also reviewed. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Tumor; Photodynamic therapy; Long-wavelength light; Nanomaterial","PeriodicalId":61751,"journal":{"name":"国际生物医学工程杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44173260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-28DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.02.008
Qing-wen Xu
Objective To systematically evaluate the prognostic significance of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in pT1 stage bladder urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation. Methods The clinical and patho-logical data of 105 patients with pT1 stage urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation and transurethral re-section of bladder tumor (TURBT) were retrospectively analyzed. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohisto-chemical staining were used to determine the presence of LVI in tumor tissues. All patients were divided into LVI-negative group and LVI-positive group according to LVI. The relationship between LVI and clinicopathological fea-tures and 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) rate was analyzed. Patients with relapse were divided into TURBT group and radical cystectomy (RC) group according to the surgical method, and the effects of the methods on CSS were compared. Results There are 57 patients (27.6%) had LVI. In the LVI-negative group, the 5-year CSS was 84.9%, while that in the LVI-positive group was 58.4%, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Univari-ate analysis showed that tumor multiple appearance, tumor size, recurrence and LVI were significantly correlated with CSS (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that tumor size and LVI had significant effects on CSS (all P<0.05). In the relapsed patients with LVI-positive, RC had a higher CSS than TURBT (P=0.042). In the relapsed pa-tients with LVI-negative, the difference between the two methods was not statistically significant(P=0.692). Conclusions LVI is an important prognostic factor in pT1 stage urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation. Pa-tients with LVI and tumor size >3 cm have a higher risk of death. Patients with pT1 stage urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation, especially those with LVI, should be treated with RC as soon as possible. Key words: Bladder neoplasms; Lymphovascular invasion; Squamous metaplasia; Prognosis; Radical cystectomy
{"title":"Significance of lymphovascular invasion in pT1 squamous differentiated bladder urothelial carcinoma","authors":"Qing-wen Xu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.02.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4181.2019.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To systematically evaluate the prognostic significance of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in pT1 stage bladder urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000The clinical and patho-logical data of 105 patients with pT1 stage urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation and transurethral re-section of bladder tumor (TURBT) were retrospectively analyzed. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohisto-chemical staining were used to determine the presence of LVI in tumor tissues. All patients were divided into LVI-negative group and LVI-positive group according to LVI. The relationship between LVI and clinicopathological fea-tures and 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) rate was analyzed. Patients with relapse were divided into TURBT group and radical cystectomy (RC) group according to the surgical method, and the effects of the methods on CSS were compared. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000There are 57 patients (27.6%) had LVI. In the LVI-negative group, the 5-year CSS was 84.9%, while that in the LVI-positive group was 58.4%, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Univari-ate analysis showed that tumor multiple appearance, tumor size, recurrence and LVI were significantly correlated with CSS (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that tumor size and LVI had significant effects on CSS (all P<0.05). In the relapsed patients with LVI-positive, RC had a higher CSS than TURBT (P=0.042). In the relapsed pa-tients with LVI-negative, the difference between the two methods was not statistically significant(P=0.692). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000LVI is an important prognostic factor in pT1 stage urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation. Pa-tients with LVI and tumor size >3 cm have a higher risk of death. Patients with pT1 stage urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation, especially those with LVI, should be treated with RC as soon as possible. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Bladder neoplasms; Lymphovascular invasion; Squamous metaplasia; Prognosis; Radical cystectomy","PeriodicalId":61751,"journal":{"name":"国际生物医学工程杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46499349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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