This paper summarizes existing anticoagulants mainly from synthesis methods perspective. It covers traditional anticoagulants such as low molecular weight heparins, warfarin, as well as new anticoagulants like argatroban, rivaroxaban, apixaban and direct thrombin inhibitors dabigatran etexilate. This paper also looks forward to future novel anticoagulants using dabigatran etexilate as a lead compound.
{"title":"The Research on Synthesis Methods of Anticoagulants","authors":"Y. Ren, C. Du","doi":"10.1109/ICBEB.2012.441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEB.2012.441","url":null,"abstract":"This paper summarizes existing anticoagulants mainly from synthesis methods perspective. It covers traditional anticoagulants such as low molecular weight heparins, warfarin, as well as new anticoagulants like argatroban, rivaroxaban, apixaban and direct thrombin inhibitors dabigatran etexilate. This paper also looks forward to future novel anticoagulants using dabigatran etexilate as a lead compound.","PeriodicalId":6374,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"113 1","pages":"622-625"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75014704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhenhui Song, Wan-zhu Guo, Y. Leng, Shan-shan Ding
Porcine transmissble gastroenteritis (TGE) is a highly contagious enteric disease of swine caused by transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). The disease is especislly severe in piglets under two weeks of age, characterized by vomiting, diarrhea and nearly 100% mortality. In this study, the complete genome sequence is available from SC-Y strain isolated in Sichuan province. Sixteen overlapping fragments were amplified by RT-PCR, the amplified fragments were further cloned and sequenced. The size of complete genome is 28,590 nucleotides in length, including the poly (A) tail. NCBI accession number DQ44374. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed the SC-Y was a close evoluntionary relationship to the American Purdue cluster. There were three nucleotides ((ATC) deletions in ORF3a as markers of the Purdue strains. The research make us better understand the molecular structure and evolution of the TGEV strains prevalent in China.
{"title":"The Complete Genome Sequence of Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus Strain SC-Y","authors":"Zhenhui Song, Wan-zhu Guo, Y. Leng, Shan-shan Ding","doi":"10.1109/ICBEB.2012.404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEB.2012.404","url":null,"abstract":"Porcine transmissble gastroenteritis (TGE) is a highly contagious enteric disease of swine caused by transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). The disease is especislly severe in piglets under two weeks of age, characterized by vomiting, diarrhea and nearly 100% mortality. In this study, the complete genome sequence is available from SC-Y strain isolated in Sichuan province. Sixteen overlapping fragments were amplified by RT-PCR, the amplified fragments were further cloned and sequenced. The size of complete genome is 28,590 nucleotides in length, including the poly (A) tail. NCBI accession number DQ44374. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed the SC-Y was a close evoluntionary relationship to the American Purdue cluster. There were three nucleotides ((ATC) deletions in ORF3a as markers of the Purdue strains. The research make us better understand the molecular structure and evolution of the TGEV strains prevalent in China.","PeriodicalId":6374,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"159 1","pages":"574-577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72639628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Different proportions of LZB-GC nano-silver antibacterial agent was added into the alginate impression materials. The antibacterial ratios of antibacterial alginate impression material on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were investigated, and the physical properties, including coagulation time, compressive strength, compressive strain, deformation restorability and fluidity were characterized by standards method. The results showed that as the content of LZB-GC increased from 0.125% to 0.5%, the antibacterial ratios increased(P<;0.05), when the content of LZB-GC was 0.5% or more, the antibacterial ratios could be up to 99%. It had no significant effect on the physical properties of the alginate impression material when the added content of LZB-GC was less than 2%(P>;0.05). In conclusion, the optimal adding ratio of the LZB-GC antibacterial agent in the alginate impression material was 0.5%, which could meet the requirements of clinical application.
{"title":"Study on the Properties of the Antibacterial Alginate Impression Material","authors":"Wenjuan Liu, B. Liu, Yuanyuan Qi, Yi Wang","doi":"10.1109/ICBEB.2012.383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEB.2012.383","url":null,"abstract":"Different proportions of LZB-GC nano-silver antibacterial agent was added into the alginate impression materials. The antibacterial ratios of antibacterial alginate impression material on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were investigated, and the physical properties, including coagulation time, compressive strength, compressive strain, deformation restorability and fluidity were characterized by standards method. The results showed that as the content of LZB-GC increased from 0.125% to 0.5%, the antibacterial ratios increased(P<;0.05), when the content of LZB-GC was 0.5% or more, the antibacterial ratios could be up to 99%. It had no significant effect on the physical properties of the alginate impression material when the added content of LZB-GC was less than 2%(P>;0.05). In conclusion, the optimal adding ratio of the LZB-GC antibacterial agent in the alginate impression material was 0.5%, which could meet the requirements of clinical application.","PeriodicalId":6374,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"12 1","pages":"1753-1755"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77608706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shih-Hsing Yang, K. Shyu, T. Yeh, Chung-Chi Huang, Yang-Lin Fang, Chin-Pyng Wu
The alarm system of mechanical ventilator is important to alert caregiver to perform specific procedure to keep patient away from complication. However, the conventional alarm signals are badly designed and always non-specific which can not provide clear information for caregiver to make decision immediately. Therefore, the intelligent alarm system that we try to develop is to provide clear information from analyzing more sophisticated data from ventilator to help caregiver aware the clinical condition and perform the appropriate procedure at the right moment. The high pressure alarm which is one of the most frequent alarm shooting in the intensive care unit (ICU), includes the warning of airway narrowing, sputum impaction, poor lung compliance and more critical conditions. We used simulated condition to test the intelligent alarm system we develop which staff needs immediate management including alert of sputum suction, tubing disconnection and leakage in the mechanical ventilation. The result presents the suction alarm occurs when Ppeak increase, Rexp increase and Fexp decrease in the mechanical ventilation model after simulated sputum injection. The low airway leak alarm occurs when end-PEEP value less than initial PEEP setting. The larger airway leak alarm occurs when both PEEP value and expiratory tidal volume down to zero in the mechanical ventilation. It suggests that intelligent system can provide alarm decision and contribute patient safety.
{"title":"Intelligent Alarm System of Mechanical Ventilation: Innovative Pressure Alarm for Immediate Clinical Management","authors":"Shih-Hsing Yang, K. Shyu, T. Yeh, Chung-Chi Huang, Yang-Lin Fang, Chin-Pyng Wu","doi":"10.1109/ICBEB.2012.252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEB.2012.252","url":null,"abstract":"The alarm system of mechanical ventilator is important to alert caregiver to perform specific procedure to keep patient away from complication. However, the conventional alarm signals are badly designed and always non-specific which can not provide clear information for caregiver to make decision immediately. Therefore, the intelligent alarm system that we try to develop is to provide clear information from analyzing more sophisticated data from ventilator to help caregiver aware the clinical condition and perform the appropriate procedure at the right moment. The high pressure alarm which is one of the most frequent alarm shooting in the intensive care unit (ICU), includes the warning of airway narrowing, sputum impaction, poor lung compliance and more critical conditions. We used simulated condition to test the intelligent alarm system we develop which staff needs immediate management including alert of sputum suction, tubing disconnection and leakage in the mechanical ventilation. The result presents the suction alarm occurs when Ppeak increase, Rexp increase and Fexp decrease in the mechanical ventilation model after simulated sputum injection. The low airway leak alarm occurs when end-PEEP value less than initial PEEP setting. The larger airway leak alarm occurs when both PEEP value and expiratory tidal volume down to zero in the mechanical ventilation. It suggests that intelligent system can provide alarm decision and contribute patient safety.","PeriodicalId":6374,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"91 1","pages":"336-339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77685214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effect of different mixed fertilizer on soil environment and nutrient in stevia rebaudiana Bertoni had been studied in open field. The result showed that application of organic fertilizer could significantly increase the organic matter, microbial biomass, and the activities of urease and phosphatase and catalase in soil. The potential nutrient and nutrient supplying capacity of soil had been improved by organic fertilizer cultivation as illustrated in the paper.
{"title":"Effect of Different Mixed Fertilizer on Soil Environment and Nutrient in Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni","authors":"Jingtian Yang, X. Liu, Yan Shi","doi":"10.1109/ICBEB.2012.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEB.2012.5","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of different mixed fertilizer on soil environment and nutrient in stevia rebaudiana Bertoni had been studied in open field. The result showed that application of organic fertilizer could significantly increase the organic matter, microbial biomass, and the activities of urease and phosphatase and catalase in soil. The potential nutrient and nutrient supplying capacity of soil had been improved by organic fertilizer cultivation as illustrated in the paper.","PeriodicalId":6374,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"47 1","pages":"194-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79813070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyvalerate] (PHBV) is a nature-derived polyester with potential application in tissue engineering scaffolds. However, PHBV is associated with disadvantages including high brittleness, slow degradation, high hydrophobicity, and unsatisfactory biocompatibility. In previous study, we improved the properties of PHBV by blending it with Ecoflex, a synthetic biopolyester with a high flexibility, fast degradation, and comparatively higher hydrophilicity. In vitro cell culture also showed significantly improved adhesion and proliferation of human bone marrow stroma cells with the introduction of Ecoflex. In this study, we sought to investigate the proliferation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and periosteum-derived stem cells (PC) on electro spun PHBV-Ecoflex mats. PHBV was co dissolved with Ecoflex in dichloromethane at different mass ratios (PHBV/Ecoflex: 100/0, 70/30, 50/50, 30/70) and electro spun into mats. The cell proliferation of hPDLSCs and hPCs displayed almost the same rules on different mats. The cell number on any Ecoflex-containing mat was higher than that on the pure PHBV mat at all time points. The cell number increased with the Ecoflex concentration in the mat. So we suppose that PHBV-Ecoflex mats could be used in periodontal regeneration.
{"title":"Application of Electrospun Poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyvalerate]-Ecoflex Mats in Periodontal Regeneration: A Primary Study","authors":"Anhui Wang, Yunna Gan, Juan-juan Qu, Baixiang Cheng, F. Wang, Hao Yu","doi":"10.1109/ICBEB.2012.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEB.2012.78","url":null,"abstract":"Poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyvalerate] (PHBV) is a nature-derived polyester with potential application in tissue engineering scaffolds. However, PHBV is associated with disadvantages including high brittleness, slow degradation, high hydrophobicity, and unsatisfactory biocompatibility. In previous study, we improved the properties of PHBV by blending it with Ecoflex, a synthetic biopolyester with a high flexibility, fast degradation, and comparatively higher hydrophilicity. In vitro cell culture also showed significantly improved adhesion and proliferation of human bone marrow stroma cells with the introduction of Ecoflex. In this study, we sought to investigate the proliferation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and periosteum-derived stem cells (PC) on electro spun PHBV-Ecoflex mats. PHBV was co dissolved with Ecoflex in dichloromethane at different mass ratios (PHBV/Ecoflex: 100/0, 70/30, 50/50, 30/70) and electro spun into mats. The cell proliferation of hPDLSCs and hPCs displayed almost the same rules on different mats. The cell number on any Ecoflex-containing mat was higher than that on the pure PHBV mat at all time points. The cell number increased with the Ecoflex concentration in the mat. So we suppose that PHBV-Ecoflex mats could be used in periodontal regeneration.","PeriodicalId":6374,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"139 1","pages":"972-975"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79922714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu Liu, N. Song, J. Dang, Hairong Chen, Dong Yang, Jian Gao, D. Song, Tianzhu Yang, H. Tian
This paper reports a hybrid electrokinetic-microfluidic chip, which combines electrophoresis (EP), dielectrophoresis (DEP) or AC electrothermal flow (ACEF), for isolating circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in physiological sample. While most electrokinetic techniques only function in low-conductivity buffers, hybrid electrokinetics enables effective operation in high-conductivity samples (1 S/m), which are compatible to physiological fluids such as blood, buffy coat and urine. Using a 3-electrode configuration and optimizing AC voltage, frequency and DC offset, we demonstrate that breast cancer cell can be localized within 10 sec in buffy coat without any pretreatment.
{"title":"A Hybrid Electrokinetic-Microfluidic Chip for Isolating CTCs in Physiological Sample","authors":"Yu Liu, N. Song, J. Dang, Hairong Chen, Dong Yang, Jian Gao, D. Song, Tianzhu Yang, H. Tian","doi":"10.1109/ICBEB.2012.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEB.2012.27","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports a hybrid electrokinetic-microfluidic chip, which combines electrophoresis (EP), dielectrophoresis (DEP) or AC electrothermal flow (ACEF), for isolating circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in physiological sample. While most electrokinetic techniques only function in low-conductivity buffers, hybrid electrokinetics enables effective operation in high-conductivity samples (1 S/m), which are compatible to physiological fluids such as blood, buffy coat and urine. Using a 3-electrode configuration and optimizing AC voltage, frequency and DC offset, we demonstrate that breast cancer cell can be localized within 10 sec in buffy coat without any pretreatment.","PeriodicalId":6374,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"46 1","pages":"962-964"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80466149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
X. Tian, Shoutang Wang, Dangdang Li, Lu Zhang, Zhikun Bai, B. Guo, Z. Yue
Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels from preexistent vasculature, is recognized to play important roles during follicular development and atresia, ovulation, and the subsequent development and regression of corpus luteum. However, as an important angiogenic factor, the effect of Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) in the process of mouse ovary angiogenesis is still not defined in detail so far. The aim of this study was to examine the expression and regulation of Ang-1 in mouse ovary during sexual maturation, follicular development induced by eCG, ovulation induced by hCG and corpus luteum formation and regression by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that Ang-1 mRNA expression level was lower on days 10 and 20 after birth, but it was sharply increased on day 25 after birth, while generally decreased. Ang-1 mRNA expression reached the peak level at 48 hours after injection of eCG. At 3, 5 and 9 hours after injection of hCG, Ang-1 mRNA expression decreased, while at 0.5 and 7 hours after injection of hCG, Ang-1 mRNA expression level was higher. Ang-1 mRNA was expressed on days 1-15 after injection of hCG, and Ang-1 expression increased gradually on days 5-15 after injection of hCG, while Ang-1 expression level reached maximum on day 15 after injection of hCG. These results suggest that Ang-1 may play a role during the process of mouse follicular development, ovulation and corpus luteum formation and regression.
{"title":"Differential Expression and Regulation of Angiopoietin-1 in Mouse Ovary during Sexual Maturation and Luteal Development","authors":"X. Tian, Shoutang Wang, Dangdang Li, Lu Zhang, Zhikun Bai, B. Guo, Z. Yue","doi":"10.1109/ICBEB.2012.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEB.2012.146","url":null,"abstract":"Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels from preexistent vasculature, is recognized to play important roles during follicular development and atresia, ovulation, and the subsequent development and regression of corpus luteum. However, as an important angiogenic factor, the effect of Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) in the process of mouse ovary angiogenesis is still not defined in detail so far. The aim of this study was to examine the expression and regulation of Ang-1 in mouse ovary during sexual maturation, follicular development induced by eCG, ovulation induced by hCG and corpus luteum formation and regression by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that Ang-1 mRNA expression level was lower on days 10 and 20 after birth, but it was sharply increased on day 25 after birth, while generally decreased. Ang-1 mRNA expression reached the peak level at 48 hours after injection of eCG. At 3, 5 and 9 hours after injection of hCG, Ang-1 mRNA expression decreased, while at 0.5 and 7 hours after injection of hCG, Ang-1 mRNA expression level was higher. Ang-1 mRNA was expressed on days 1-15 after injection of hCG, and Ang-1 expression increased gradually on days 5-15 after injection of hCG, while Ang-1 expression level reached maximum on day 15 after injection of hCG. These results suggest that Ang-1 may play a role during the process of mouse follicular development, ovulation and corpus luteum formation and regression.","PeriodicalId":6374,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"36 1","pages":"1335-1338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79367256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Magnetic induction tomography (MIT) is a new biologic tomography technology with the feature of harmless, non-invasive and convenience. The resolution and speed of image reconstruction algorithm is critical for improving the performance of MIT system and its application. Newton-One-Step Error Reconstruct or (NOSER) is a common reconstruction algorithm in MIT, but the slight variations of original data will impact the reconstructed images because of Hessian matrix which is ill-posed in the process of NOSER. In this paper, the NOSER was improved by eigen value threshold(ET) which was used to modify Hessian matrix. Compared with NOSER and Tikhonov regularization, the algorithm might improve the image resolution and anti-noise characteristic. Because the algorithm has no iterative procedure, it also was able to enhance imaging speed. The reconstruction results of varied imaging models demonstrate that the algorithm could potentially improve the performance of the MIT system and promote the application of the technology.
{"title":"An Improved Reconstruction Method of MIT Based on One-Step NOSER","authors":"Qiang Du, B. Bai, Peipei Pang, Li Ke","doi":"10.1109/ICBEB.2012.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEB.2012.60","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic induction tomography (MIT) is a new biologic tomography technology with the feature of harmless, non-invasive and convenience. The resolution and speed of image reconstruction algorithm is critical for improving the performance of MIT system and its application. Newton-One-Step Error Reconstruct or (NOSER) is a common reconstruction algorithm in MIT, but the slight variations of original data will impact the reconstructed images because of Hessian matrix which is ill-posed in the process of NOSER. In this paper, the NOSER was improved by eigen value threshold(ET) which was used to modify Hessian matrix. Compared with NOSER and Tikhonov regularization, the algorithm might improve the image resolution and anti-noise characteristic. Because the algorithm has no iterative procedure, it also was able to enhance imaging speed. The reconstruction results of varied imaging models demonstrate that the algorithm could potentially improve the performance of the MIT system and promote the application of the technology.","PeriodicalId":6374,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"22 1","pages":"723-726"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84994692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Protein therapeutics is used in the treatment of diabetes and various forms of cancer. A major concern is that repeated administration to patients often leads to undesirable antidrug antibodies with a wide range of life threatening consequences that induce immunogenicity or an adverse response of the immune system. The antibodies are generally thought triggered by the tendency of monomer protein molecules to aggregate, although why aggregation occurs is not known. In protein deposition diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson, protein aggregates have stronger immunogenicity. Typically, the aggregates known to elicit immunogenicity are globular proteins having molecular weights from 6-100 kDa and diameters from 3-10 nm that are comparable to inanimate natural or manmade nanoparticles that have been linked to damage of deoxyribonucleic acid by the natural emission of low-level ultraviolet radiation induced by quantum electrodynamics. Similarity suggests the protein aggregates form as monomers cross-link under ultraviolet radiation produced by nanoparticles of the aggregates themselves. How immunogenicity may be reduced is discussed.
{"title":"Immunogenicity by Aggregation of Therapeutic Proteins from Ultraviolet Radiation Produced in the Human Body by Nanoparticles of the Aggregates Themselves","authors":"T. Prevenslik","doi":"10.1109/ICBEB.2012.244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEB.2012.244","url":null,"abstract":"Protein therapeutics is used in the treatment of diabetes and various forms of cancer. A major concern is that repeated administration to patients often leads to undesirable antidrug antibodies with a wide range of life threatening consequences that induce immunogenicity or an adverse response of the immune system. The antibodies are generally thought triggered by the tendency of monomer protein molecules to aggregate, although why aggregation occurs is not known. In protein deposition diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson, protein aggregates have stronger immunogenicity. Typically, the aggregates known to elicit immunogenicity are globular proteins having molecular weights from 6-100 kDa and diameters from 3-10 nm that are comparable to inanimate natural or manmade nanoparticles that have been linked to damage of deoxyribonucleic acid by the natural emission of low-level ultraviolet radiation induced by quantum electrodynamics. Similarity suggests the protein aggregates form as monomers cross-link under ultraviolet radiation produced by nanoparticles of the aggregates themselves. How immunogenicity may be reduced is discussed.","PeriodicalId":6374,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology","volume":"50 1","pages":"1038-1041"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85761479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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