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Localized flow control by photothermal actuation of pNIPAAm hydrogel brushes in a macroporous silicon membrane 通过光热驱动大孔硅膜中的 pNIPAAm 水凝胶刷实现局部流量控制
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10404-024-02726-y
Youngsik Song, Nafis Mustakim, Mayank Pandey, Sang-Woo Seo

We present the control of liquid flow through arrayed micron-sized pores in a macroporous silicon membrane. The pores are coated with about 150 nm polymer N-isopropylacrylamide (pNIPAAm) hydrogel brushes and 200 nm polypyrrole layer, which works as photothermal actuator. The size of pore openings is controlled by utilizing the swelling and de-swelling behavior of temperature-sensitive pNIPAAm brushes, and the temperature on pNIPAAm brushes is changed by 815 nm near infra-red (NIR) illumination to polypyrrole photothermal element layer. The dimension change of the pore openings is investigated by observing the transmitted light and fluorescence signal intensity through the pores in the membrane while changing the ambient temperature. It has shown that the intensity of transmitted light can be controlled by adjusting the ambient temperature across the low critical solution temperature (LCST) of the hydrogel brushes. The localized control of liquid flow through the pores is demonstrated by the diffusion of fluorescein dye from the bottom of the membrane to the surface of the membrane using pulsed NIR light illumination. Fast dynamic response of fluorescein dye diffusion upon the illumination of NIR light suggests that the presented photothermal actuation approach could be applied to diverse biomedical applications such as a localized drug release system.

我们介绍了如何通过大孔硅膜中的阵列微米级孔隙控制液体流动。孔隙表面涂有约 150 nm 的聚合物 N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(pNIPAAm)水凝胶刷和 200 nm 的聚吡咯层,聚吡咯层可用作光热致动器。利用对温度敏感的 pNIPAAm 刷子的膨胀和消肿行为来控制孔隙的大小,并通过向聚吡咯光热元件层照射 815 纳米的近红外(NIR)光来改变 pNIPAAm 刷子上的温度。在改变环境温度的同时,通过观察透过膜孔的透射光和荧光信号强度,研究了孔开口尺寸的变化。结果表明,透射光的强度可以通过调整环境温度来控制,使其跨越水凝胶刷的低临界溶液温度(LCST)。利用脉冲近红外光照明,荧光素染料从膜底部扩散到膜表面,证明了对液体流经孔隙的局部控制。荧光素染料扩散在近红外光照射下的快速动态响应表明,所提出的光热致动方法可应用于多种生物医学领域,如局部药物释放系统。
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引用次数: 0
Microfluidic chip for synergic drugs assay in 3D breast cancer cell 用于三维乳腺癌细胞协同药物检测的微流控芯片
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1007/s10404-024-02724-0
Franciele Flores Vit, Yu Tzu Wu, Eric Fujiwara, Hernandes F. Carvalho, Lucimara Gaziola de la Torre

Some anticancer treatments may cause Multidrug Resistance (MDR). In these cases, cells pump the drug out of the intracellular environment, thereby preventing drug effects. Several strategies have been used to avoid MDR, including using two or more drugs at low concentrations to increase the sensitivity of cells to treatment. We present an effective, cheap, fast microfluidic alternative to test two drugs simultaneously using a reversible sealing and reusable device to determine the optimal concentration. We used the rugs doxorubicin (DOX) and paclitaxel (PXT) as proof of concept. The microdevice allows the testing of two drugs in real time. Furthermore, running two experiments in sextuplicates and control in the same microchip is possible. We used two combinations of drugs, varying the drug concentration (C1 = 0.010 mg.mL− 1 DOX and 0.002.mL− 1 mg PXT, C2 = 0.010 mg.mL− 1 DOX and 0.004 mg.mL− 1 PXT), and evaluated cell death over time. The intermediate drug concentrations were more efficient, reducing the time required to decrease the viability of breast tumor cells, MCF-7 (C1 = 180 and C2 = 120). In further analysis, the microdevice also allowed characterization of the effects of the drugs (antagonist, synergic, or additive). This microdevice is a reliable tool for estimating the different combinations of two drug concentrations in a single assay simply and quickly.

某些抗癌治疗可能会导致多药耐药性(MDR)。在这种情况下,细胞会将药物泵出细胞内环境,从而阻止药物作用。有几种策略被用来避免 MDR,包括使用两种或两种以上低浓度药物来提高细胞对治疗的敏感性。我们提出了一种有效、廉价、快速的微流控替代方法,利用可逆密封和可重复使用的装置同时测试两种药物,以确定最佳浓度。我们使用多柔比星(DOX)和紫杉醇(PXT)作为概念验证。该微型装置可实时测试两种药物。此外,还可以在同一微芯片中进行六次重复实验和对照实验。我们使用了两种药物组合,改变药物浓度(C1 = 0.010 mg.mL- 1 DOX 和 0.002.mL- 1 mg PXT,C2 = 0.010 mg.mL- 1 DOX 和 0.004 mg.mL- 1 PXT),并评估了细胞死亡时间。中间药物浓度更有效,减少了降低乳腺肿瘤细胞 MCF-7 活力所需的时间(C1 = 180 和 C2 = 120)。在进一步分析中,该微型装置还能确定药物作用的特征(拮抗、协同或相加)。这种微型装置是一种可靠的工具,可在一次检测中简单快速地估算两种药物浓度的不同组合。
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引用次数: 0
Quantifying the performances of SU-8 microfluidic devices: high liquid water tightness, long-term stability, and vacuum compatibility 量化 SU-8 微流体设备的性能:高液体水密性、长期稳定性和真空兼容性
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10404-024-02720-4
Said Pashayev, Romain Lhermerout, Christophe Roblin, Eric Alibert, Jerome Barbat, Rudy Desgarceaux, Remi Jelinek, Edouard Chauveau, Saïd Tahir, Vincent Jourdain, Rasim Jabbarov, Francois Henn, Adrien Noury

Despite several decades of development, microfluidics lacks a sealing material that can be readily fabricated, leak-tight under high liquid water pressure, stable over a long time, and vacuum compatible. In this paper, we report the performances of a micro-scale processable sealing material for nanofluidic/microfluidics chip fabrication, which enables us to achieve all these requirements. We observed that micrometric walls made of SU-8 photoresist, whose thickness range from 35 to 135 µm, are at least leak-tight to 1.5 bars and up to 5.5 bars, exhibit no water porosity even after 2 months of aging, and are able to sustain under (10^{-5}) mbar vacuum. This sealing material is therefore reliable and versatile for building microchips, part of which must be isolated from liquid water under pressure or vacuum. Moreover, the fabrication process we propose does not require the use of either aggressive chemicals or high-temperature or high-energy plasma treatment. It thus opens a new perspective to seal microchips with sensitive surfaces containing nanomaterials.

尽管经过几十年的发展,微流控技术仍然缺乏一种易于制造、在高液态水压力下不泄漏、长期稳定和真空兼容的密封材料。在本文中,我们报告了一种用于纳米流体/微流体芯片制造的微尺度可加工密封材料的性能,它使我们能够实现所有这些要求。我们观察到,厚度在 35 到 135 µm 之间的 SU-8 光刻胶制成的微米壁至少在 1.5 巴到 5.5 巴的范围内具有密封性,即使经过 2 个月的老化也不会出现水孔,并且能够在 (10^{-5}) mbar 真空下持续工作。因此,这种密封材料是制造微芯片的可靠多功能材料,其中的一部分必须在压力或真空条件下与液态水隔离。此外,我们提出的制造工艺既不需要使用腐蚀性化学品,也不需要进行高温或高能等离子处理。因此,它为密封含有纳米材料的敏感表面的微型芯片开辟了新的前景。
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引用次数: 0
Behaviors of non-wetting phase snap-off events in two-phase flow: microscopic phenomena and macroscopic effects 两相流中非润湿相卡断事件的行为:微观现象和宏观效应
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1007/s10404-024-02718-y
Ran Li, Zhaolin Gu, Zhang Li, Weizhen Lu, Guozhu Zhao, Junwei Su

Snap-off events are one of the most common and essential phenomena in two-phase flow in porous media. This paper uses the scanning results of a siltstone slice to construct a two-dimensional heterogeneous pore network structure to visualise microscopic snap-off phenomena and displacement processes accurately. The relationship between snap-off events and the non-wetting phase saturation was studied using two-phase flow displacement experiments. Results show that although the non-wetting phase snap-off events benefit freeing the trapped non-wetting phase in the microchannels, high-frequency snap-off events are the main reason for trapping the non-wetting phase during the displacement process, eventually leading to residuals. The frequency of non-wetting phase snap-off events in the pore network structure can be reduced to lower the non-wetting phase saturation and reduce the non-wetting phase residuals by increasing the displacement fluid viscosity, reducing the surface tension coefficient between the phases and increasing the flow rate.

快断现象是多孔介质两相流中最常见、最基本的现象之一。本文利用粉砂岩切片的扫描结果构建了二维异质孔隙网络结构,以准确地观察微观的卡断现象和位移过程。利用两相流位移实验研究了快断事件与非润湿相饱和度之间的关系。结果表明,虽然非润湿相卡断事件有利于释放微通道中被捕获的非润湿相,但高频率的卡断事件是在位移过程中捕获非润湿相的主要原因,并最终导致残留。可以通过增加置换流体粘度、降低相间表面张力系数和提高流速来降低孔隙网络结构中的非润湿相卡断事件频率,从而降低非润湿相饱和度,减少非润湿相残留。
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引用次数: 0
Modified capillary number to standardize droplet generation in suction-driven microfluidics 修改毛细管数量,使抽吸驱动微流控技术中的液滴生成标准化
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.1007/s10404-024-02714-2
Jatin Panwar, Rahul Roy

In droplet microfluidic devices with suction-based flow control, the microchannel geometry and suction pressure at the outlet govern the dynamic properties of the two phases that influence the droplet generation. Therefore, it is critical to understand the role of geometry along with suction pressure in the dynamics of droplet generation to develop a predictive model. We conducted a comprehensive characterization of droplet generation in a flow focusing device with varying control parameters. We used these results to formulate a scaling argument and propose a governing parameter, called as modified capillary number (CaL), that combines normalized droplet volume with geometrical parameters (length of dispersed and continuous phase channels) and flow parameters (interfacial tension, phase viscosity and velocity) in a power law relationship. CaL effectively captures the transition from squeezing to dripping regimes of droplet generation, providing essential insights into the design requirements for suction-driven droplet generation. These findings are key to standardize microfluidic flow-focusing devices that can achieve the desired droplet generation behavior with optimal pressure consumption.

摘要 在基于吸力控制流量的液滴微流控装置中,微通道的几何形状和出口处的吸力压力控制着影响液滴生成的两相的动态特性。因此,了解几何形状和抽吸压力在液滴生成动态过程中的作用对于开发预测模型至关重要。我们对不同控制参数下流动聚焦装置中液滴生成的特性进行了全面分析。我们利用这些结果提出了一个比例论证,并提出了一个称为修正毛细管数(CaL)的控制参数,该参数将归一化液滴体积与几何参数(分散相和连续相通道的长度)和流动参数(界面张力、相粘度和速度)结合起来,形成幂律关系。CaL 有效捕捉了液滴生成从挤压到滴落的过渡过程,为吸力驱动液滴生成的设计要求提供了重要见解。这些发现是实现微流体流动聚焦设备标准化的关键,这些设备能以最佳的压力消耗实现理想的液滴生成行为。
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引用次数: 0
A hybrid Gaussian mixture/DSMC approach to study the Fourier thermal problem 研究傅立叶热问题的混合高斯混合物/DSMC 方法
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1007/s10404-024-02719-x
Shahin Mohammad Nejad, Frank A. Peters, Silvia V. Nedea, Arjan J. H. Frijns, David M. J. Smeulders

In rarefied gas dynamics scattering kernels deserve special attention since they contain all the essential information about the effects of physical and chemical properties of the gas–solid surface interface on the gas scattering process. However, to study the impact of the gas–surface interactions on the large-scale behavior of fluid flows, these scattering kernels need to be integrated in larger-scale models like Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC). In this work, the Gaussian mixture (GM) model, an unsupervised machine learning approach, is utilized to establish a scattering kernel for monoatomic (Ar) and diatomic ((hbox {H}_{2})) gases directly from Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations data. The GM scattering kernel is coupled to a pure DSMC solver to study isothermal and non-isothermal rarefied gas flows in a system with two parallel walls. To fully examine the coupling mechanism between the GM scattering kernel and the DSMC approach, a one-to-one correspondence between MD and DSMC particles is considered here. Benchmarked by MD results, the performance of the GM-DSMC is assessed against the Cercignani–Lampis–Lord (CLL) kernel incorporated into DSMC simulation (CLL-DSMC). The comparison of various physical and stochastic parameters shows the better performance of the GM-DSMC approach. Especially for the diatomic system, the GM-DSMC outperforms the CLL-DSMC approach. The fundamental superiority of the GM-DSMC approach confirms its potential as a multi-scale simulation approach for accurately measuring flow field properties in systems with highly nonequilibrium conditions.

在稀薄气体动力学中,散射核值得特别关注,因为它们包含了气固表面界面的物理和化学特性对气体散射过程影响的所有基本信息。然而,为了研究气固表面相互作用对流体流动大尺度行为的影响,这些散射核需要集成到更大尺度的模型中,如直接模拟蒙特卡罗(DSMC)。在这项工作中,利用高斯混合(GM)模型这种无监督机器学习方法,直接从分子动力学(MD)模拟数据中建立了单原子(Ar)和双原子((hbox {H}_{2}))气体的散射核。GM 散射核与纯 DSMC 求解器耦合,以研究具有两个平行壁的系统中的等温和非等温稀薄气体流。为了充分检验 GM 散射核与 DSMC 方法之间的耦合机制,本文考虑了 MD 粒子与 DSMC 粒子之间的一一对应关系。以 MD 结果为基准,对 GM-DSMC 的性能进行了评估,并将 Cercignani-Lampis-Lord(CLL)内核纳入 DSMC 仿真(CLL-DSMC)。对各种物理和随机参数的比较表明,GM-DSMC 方法的性能更好。特别是对于二原子系统,GM-DSMC 的性能优于 CLL-DSMC。GM-DSMC 方法的基本优越性证实了它作为一种多尺度模拟方法的潜力,可用于精确测量高度非平衡条件系统中的流场特性。
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引用次数: 0
Simulation of avascular tumor growth and drug response in a microfluidic device with a cellular automaton model 利用细胞自动机模型模拟微流控装置中血管瘤的生长和药物反应
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10404-024-02717-z
Sijia Liu, Yuewu Li, Chunxiao Chen, Zhiyu Qian, Hongjun Wang, Yamin Yang

The microfluidic system is capable of recapitulating key attributes of in vivo circumstances and, therefore, becomes a valuable platform for better understanding tumor growth dynamics and evaluating drug efficiency. While numerical simulations have been envisioned as powerful tools for validating versatile performance of advanced microfluidic platforms, cell growth within these microchannels has not yet been theoretically modeled. In this paper, we developed an experimental data-driven cellular automaton model, which was adopted for simulating cell behaviors and drug responses in a microfluidic system. The boundaries of the cellular automata lattices and prohibited zones for simulation were directly converted from microscopic images of cell morphology and the microchamber configuration. The dynamic progression of tumor growth at the avascular stage was predicted by incorporating the biophysical and molecular characteristics of cells and their interactions with surrounding environment. The simulated proliferation rate of tumor cells over time demonstrated its dependency on nutrient delivery, aligning well with experimental observations in the microfluidic culture. The spatiotemporal efficacy of the chemotherapeutic compound doxorubicin (DOX) on the microfluidic culture was also simulated. The similarity between in silico simulations and in vitro tumor response upon drug interaction highlighted the potential of the computational models as complementary tools for predicting the drug treatment efficacy with acceptable accuracy before practical applications.

微流控系统能够再现体内环境的关键属性,因此成为更好地了解肿瘤生长动态和评估药物效率的宝贵平台。虽然数值模拟已被视为验证先进微流控平台多功能性能的有力工具,但这些微通道内的细胞生长尚未从理论上建模。本文开发了一种实验数据驱动的细胞自动机模型,用于模拟微流控系统中的细胞行为和药物反应。细胞自动机晶格和模拟禁区的边界直接由细胞形态和微腔配置的显微图像转换而来。通过结合细胞的生物物理和分子特征及其与周围环境的相互作用,预测了肿瘤在无血管阶段的动态生长过程。随着时间的推移,模拟的肿瘤细胞增殖率显示了其对营养输送的依赖性,这与微流控培养中的实验观察结果十分吻合。此外,还模拟了化疗化合物多柔比星(DOX)对微流体培养物的时空效力。硅学模拟与药物相互作用时体外肿瘤反应之间的相似性凸显了计算模型作为补充工具的潜力,可在实际应用前以可接受的准确度预测药物疗效。
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引用次数: 0
Curved microchannels with inner wall expansion–contraction array for particle focusing 用于粒子聚焦的带内壁膨胀-收缩阵列的弯曲微通道
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10404-024-02715-1
Ruihan Zhuang, Kaixin Song, Zhibin Wang, Gang Chen, Ying Chen, Lisi Jia

To enhance focusing performance, we proposed an integrated microchannel with expansion–contraction arrays (ECA) on the inner wall of the curved microchannel (CIECA) and compared it with a straight microchannel with ECA (SECA) as well as the traditional integrated microchannel of ECA on the outer wall of the curved channel (COECA). We investigated the particle-focusing mechanisms in these microchannels through a combination of experiments and numerical simulations. The proposed integrated microchannel demonstrates significant improvements in focusing performance compared to SECA and COECA, which is attributed to its consistent Dean flow. In contrast, COECA shows the poorest performance because of inconsistent Dean flow. The focusing width in the proposed integrated microchannel is reduced to 1/3 of that in COECA and 1/2 of that in SECA. Furthermore, the focusing performance of CIECA improves as the Reynolds number increases, eventually forming a single trajectory when the Reynolds number (at contraction) reaches 83.33. Finally, the impact of particle size on focusing performance was investigated through numerical simulations. The focusing performance of the CIECA is the best in these three microchannels. In CIECA, as the particle size increases, the focusing width initially decreases and then increases. Among them, 8 and 10 μm particles can achieve complete focusing. This study serves as a crucial reference for comprehending and enhancing particle focusing through the synergy of multi-Dean flow.

为了提高聚焦性能,我们提出了一种在弯曲微通道内壁上装有膨胀-收缩阵列(ECA)的集成微通道(CIECA),并将其与装有 ECA 的直线微通道(SECA)以及在弯曲通道外壁装有 ECA 的传统集成微通道(COECA)进行了比较。我们通过实验和数值模拟相结合的方法研究了这些微通道中的粒子聚焦机制。与 SECA 和 COECA 相比,拟议的集成微通道在聚焦性能方面有显著改善,这归功于其一致的迪安流。相比之下,COECA 由于迪安流的不一致性而表现出最差的性能。拟议集成微通道的聚焦宽度减小到 COECA 的 1/3,SECA 的 1/2。此外,CIECA 的聚焦性能随着雷诺数的增加而提高,最终在雷诺数(收缩时)达到 83.33 时形成单一轨迹。最后,通过数值模拟研究了颗粒大小对聚焦性能的影响。在这三种微通道中,CIECA 的聚焦性能最好。在 CIECA 中,随着粒径的增大,聚焦宽度先减小后增大。其中,8 微米和 10 微米颗粒可以实现完全聚焦。这项研究为理解和加强多级流协同作用下的粒子聚焦提供了重要参考。
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引用次数: 0
A thermally actuated biocompatible flexible micropump for surface adaptable mounting 用于表面适应性安装的热致动生物兼容柔性微型泵
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-03-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10404-024-02708-0
Victor Bradley Bednar, Kenichi Takahata

Pulsed thermal energy causes piecewise actuation of a nitinol cantilever providing the mechanical force required to evacuate a chamber constructed of parylene C. This proof-of-principle micropump demonstrates an alternative to typical evacuation and rectification methods utilized in most micropumps. The chamber and normally closed channels that serve as valves are all of parylene C construction, leading to the flexibility of the device. The nitinol cantilever functions as an actuator capable of yielding successive partial chamber evacuations until achieving complete evacuation. Piecewise shape recovery of the actuator was made viable by implementing a Peltier device, providing the means for supplying responsive and controlled thermal energy. Experiments delivered measurements of consecutive advancement of shape recovery using a laser displacement sensor while monitoring the temperature with fiber-optic sensors. The release of a saturated lithium chloride solution from the pump was monitored by observing conductivity changes in the experimental area. Theoretically predicting a release amount used calculations for the expected recovery of the actuator based on displacement characterization via a logistic curve fit against actuator temperature data. The measured release amounts correlated well with the theoretically predicted values made using the temperature values obtained near the device during the release. These works provide novel approaches to micropump fabrication and implementation and new strategies for predicting the recovery of shape memory alloys. The micropump concepts are viable in many fields, such as biomedical applications: in vivo drug delivery, organ-on-chip, and lab-on-chip devices, to name a few. Likewise, a simple prediction for nitinol recovery has vast potential.

脉冲热能使镍钛诺悬臂片状启动,从而产生抽真空所需的机械力,将一个由对二甲苯 C 制成的腔室抽空。作为阀门的腔体和常闭通道全部采用对二甲苯 C 结构,从而提高了设备的灵活性。镍钛诺悬臂作为致动器,能够连续产生部分腔室排空,直至实现完全排空。通过采用珀尔帖(Peltier)装置,使推杆的片状形状恢复成为可能,从而提供了反应灵敏且可控的热能。实验使用激光位移传感器测量形状恢复的连续进展,同时使用光纤传感器监测温度。通过观察实验区域的电导率变化,监测泵中饱和氯化锂溶液的释放情况。在理论上预测释放量时,使用的是基于位移特征的推杆预期恢复计算方法,通过与推杆温度数据进行对数曲线拟合。测量到的释放量与利用释放过程中在装置附近获得的温度值进行的理论预测值相关性很好。这些工作为微型泵的制造和实施提供了新方法,也为预测形状记忆合金的恢复提供了新策略。微泵概念在许多领域都是可行的,例如生物医学应用:体内给药、芯片上的器官和芯片上的实验室设备等等。同样,镍钛诺恢复的简单预测也具有巨大潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Characterization of microfluidic trap and mixer module for rapid fluorescent tagging of microplastics 用于快速荧光标记微塑料的微流体捕集器和混合器模块的特性分析
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.1007/s10404-024-02716-0
Seongcheol Shin, Boeun Jeon, Wonkyu Kang, Cholong Kim, Jonghoon Choi, Sung Chul Hong, Hyun Ho Lee

This study introduces a practical approach utilizing microfluidic trap and mixer modules fabricated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic devices. These modules were employed to capture and fluorescently label various randomly shaped microplastics (MPs) like polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS). Within the MPs trap module, grooves were incorporated into a straight-lined channel using SU-8 photolithography. This design induced turbulence effectively trapping and gathering the MPs within aqueous phases at 15 groove spaces, which achieved a trapping efficiency of up to 69% for PS MPs sized at a flow rate of 2 mL/min. Additionally, a mixer module featuring two flow inlets was designed to create a serpentine microfluidic channel, whose design significantly reduced sample and reagent (Nile Red) consumption during MP fluorescence staining at 80 °C. Furthermore, 2 nm gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), conjugated with a PS binding peptide (PSBP), were examined as an alternative fluorescent agent at room temperature. Photoluminescence (PL) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) showcased efficiency of mixer module in labeling 30 mL MP solutions within a short time of 15 min. Moreover, a combined platform integrating trap and mixer devices was devised, incorporating a disposable heating pad and filter paper unit, which offers a simplified and compact MPs staining tool including spherical PE nanoplastics (200 nm–99 μm). This study aims to propose a preliminary concept for a lab-on-a-chip, facilitating the simultaneous collection and fluorescent labeling, which can be instrumentally implemented in future MPs monitoring.

摘要 本研究介绍了一种利用聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)微流体装置制造的微流体捕集器和混合器模块的实用方法。这些模块用于捕获和荧光标记各种随机形状的微塑料(MPs),如聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)和聚苯乙烯(PS)。在 MPs 捕集模块中,使用 SU-8 光刻技术在直行通道中加入了凹槽。这种设计可在 15 个沟槽间隙处产生湍流,有效地捕获和聚集水相中的 MPs,在流速为 2 mL/min 的情况下,PS MPs 的捕获效率高达 69%。此外,还设计了一个具有两个流量入口的混合器模块,以创建一个蛇形微流控通道,其设计大大减少了在 80 °C 下对 MP 进行荧光染色时的样品和试剂(尼罗河红)消耗。此外,还研究了室温下与 PS 结合肽(PSBP)共轭的 2 nm 金纳米粒子(Au NPs)作为替代荧光剂。光致发光(PL)和傅立叶变换红外(FT-IR)显示了混合器模块在 15 分钟的短时间内标记 30 mL MP 溶液的效率。此外,还设计了一个集成了捕集器和混合器装置的组合平台,其中包含一个一次性加热垫和滤纸装置,提供了一个简化、紧凑的 MPs 染色工具,包括球形聚乙烯纳米塑料(200 nm-99 μm)。本研究旨在提出片上实验室的初步概念,便于同时进行收集和荧光标记,可在未来的 MPs 监测中使用。
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引用次数: 0
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Microfluidics and Nanofluidics
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