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Nanoimprint Lithography Enabling High-Performance Organic Optoelectronics: Advances and Perspectives 纳米压印光刻实现高性能有机光电子学:进展与展望。
IF 36.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-026-02093-z
Ningning Song, Xinghao Guo, Hongqiao Zhao, Bohang Li, Ningning Liang, Tianrui Zhai

Highlights

  • Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) enables high-performance light management in organic light-emitting diodes and organic solar cells, and enhances charge transport in organic field-effect transistors via controlled molecular ordering, pushing organic optoelectronics beyond conventional efficiency limits.

  • The technology provides a scalable, low-cost platform for large-area fabrication on flexible substrates, effectively bridging the gap between laboratory innovation and industrial mass production.

  • NIL uniquely empowers the creation of multifunctional integrated devices and novel architectures, opening pathways for next-generation wearable electronics and bio-integrated systems.

有机光电器件在柔性显示、可穿戴电子和人造皮肤等领域显示出巨大的潜力,需要精确的光场和形态管理策略来进一步提高其光电性能。纳米压印技术(NIL)是一种高分辨率、高效率和低成本的制版技术,通过机械地将微/纳米尺度的图案从模板转移到衬底上,通过精确地创建先进的光管理结构,结合额外的固态堆叠形态,显著提高光电性能。本文系统地综述了近年来有机光电子技术的研究进展。它首先介绍了基本原理,主要工艺变体(热,紫外线和电化学NIL),以及关键的技术问题。随后,通过在有机发光二极管、有机太阳能电池和有机场效应晶体管中的具体应用,它突出了NIL通过控制结晶和创建功能性微/纳米结构来提高器件性能的卓越能力。具体的优势包括实现高效率的光管理以克服效率瓶颈,促进低成本,高通量的工业化制造,与新兴应用的柔性基板完全兼容,实现多功能集成和新型器件架构,以及定制材料微结构和特性推进基础研究。最后,我们讨论了在集成有机光电系统中存在的挑战和未来的前景。
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引用次数: 0
Integrated Circuits on Fiber Substrates: State-of-the-Art System-on-Fiber Technologies for Smart Textiles and Wearables 光纤基板上的集成电路:用于智能纺织品和可穿戴设备的最新光纤上系统技术
IF 36.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-02056-w
Juyoung Jin, Jonghyun Won, Daegun Kim, Shiva Kumar Arumugasamy, Sungjun Park, Tae-Wook Kim

Highlights

  • Presents a hierarchical overview of system-on-fiber (SoF) technologies, linking materials, fabrication methods, and device architectures from single-fiber electronics to system-level intelligent textiles.

  • Establishes a quantitative process–performance correlation framework, integrating AI-driven material optimization and comparative metrics (e.g., yield, endurance, and conductivity retention) across coating, thermal drawing, deposition, and spinning techniques.

  • Proposes a standardization and industrial translation roadmap outlining key steps testing certification, scalable manufacturing, and modular integration to move SoF systems from laboratory prototypes to consumer-ready smart textiles.

光纤系统技术已经成为一个有前途的平台,在纺织兼容的光纤架构中实现无缝集成传感、信号处理和通信功能。材料科学和微尺度制造的进步使得多功能纤维的发展成为大规模编织系统中的活性成分。这些纤维可以执行一系列功能,包括传感、数据处理,甚至是神经形态计算。尽管它们在可穿戴电子产品、医疗监控和人机界面方面有潜在的应用,但实际实施仍处于起步阶段。主要挑战包括器件封装、互连可靠性和可扩展制造方面的限制。本文系统地总结了基于光纤的集成电子、器件配置和集成策略的制造方法的最新进展。此外,还讨论了实现完全集成的自主光纤电子系统的关键技术障碍和未来机会。
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引用次数: 0
Quantum-Scale Friction at Solid–Liquid Interface: Simulation, Detection Techniques, Mechanisms, and Emerging Applications 固液界面的量子尺度摩擦:模拟、检测技术、机制和新兴应用
IF 36.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-026-02066-2
Yishu Han, Rui Zhang, Dameng Liu, Jianbin Luo

Highlights

  • Reveals the quantum origin of solid liquid friction, governed by electron transfer, electron excitation, and electron-phonon coupling at interfaces.

  • Summarizes emerging characterization techniques and multiscale simulations that uncover quantum scale friction mechanisms beyond classical tribology.

  • Demonstrates the potential transformative applications of quantum scale interfacial friction in nano fluidics, energy harvesting, smart biomedical systems, and super lubrication.

固液界面在自然界和工程中普遍存在,其摩擦行为仍然是限制表面工程性能提高的关键因素。然而,传统摩擦学主要关注表面形貌等宏观变量的影响,而不能解释纳米尺度下超低摩擦现象的微观本质。近年来,电子和声子等量子激发在微/纳米固液摩擦中的作用越来越受到重视。通过使用太赫兹时域光谱和非接触原子力显微镜等原位检测技术,观察了量子尺度的摩擦。它的本质是由液体电荷密度的波动或固体内部的电子或声子激发引起的能量和动量传递。然而,在亚纳米和飞秒分辨率下同时探测多个物理量的能力有限,阻碍了对固液界面摩擦的量子起源和应用的全面理解。本文综合了量子尺度固液摩擦的前沿理论和实验进展,提出了基于模拟和实验深度融合的潜在突破路径,以解决理论框架不完整和检测能力受限等核心空白。尽管面临着多方面的挑战,但量子尺度的摩擦研究表明,在低功率纳米流体器件、高效储能、智能药物输送和超润滑材料等变革性技术方面,量子尺度的摩擦研究具有巨大的潜力,这凸显了它对界面科学、量子力学和微/纳米流体学融合的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Activating Progressive Sn2+ Nucleation by Micellar Structure Electrolyte for Dead-Sn-Free Aqueous Batteries 用胶束结构电解质激活无锡水电池中Sn2+的渐进成核
IF 36.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-026-02070-6
Xiaojia Lan, Zhaoyu Zhang, Yuekai Lin, Wencheng Du, Yufei Zhang, Minghui Ye, Zhipeng Wen, Yongchao Tang, Xiaoqing Liu, Cheng Chao Li

The instantaneous nucleation of Sn originating from the uncontrolled diffusion of Sn2+ ions typically forms large, electrochemically inactive “dead Sn” that severely constraints the plating/stripping reversibility of Sn anode for acidic aqueous batteries. Herein, nanoscale spatial confinement of Sn2+ ions is realized in SnSO4 electrolyte by strategically dictating spontaneous assembly of nanomicelles with amphipathic sulfolane. The as-constructed locally heterogeneous environment ensures the sustainable release of Sn2+ ions, which reprograms the nucleation manner from instantaneous to progressive modes. The consequent progressive formation of Sn nuclei triggers size refinement of electrodeposited Sn, thereby alleviating the “dead Sn” issue. Meanwhile, the reaction competitivity of Sn2+ reduction over hydrogen evolution side reaction is effectively strengthened as the consecutive hydrogen bonding network among bulk water is disrupted by the micellar structure. Consequently, Sn anode exerts an unprecedently high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.97% and witnesses a prominent life span extension from 710 to 8400 h (~ 11-fold enhancement). In a dual-plating configuration, the Sn||Mn full battery delivers a 1.6 V discharge plateau and sustains 790 cycles, demonstrating practical feasibility. Our findings underscore the decisive role of the very initial nucleation behavior in regulating metal electrochemistry, applicable to other multivalent anodes.

由于Sn 2+离子不受控制的扩散,锡的瞬时成核通常会形成大的、电化学上不活跃的“死锡”,这严重限制了酸性水电池锡阳极的镀/剥离可逆性。本文通过控制纳米胶束与两亲性亚砜的自发组装,实现了snso4电解质中sn2 +离子的纳米尺度空间约束。构建的局部异质环境保证了Sn 2+离子的持续释放,从而使成核方式从瞬时模式重编程为渐进模式。随后Sn核的逐步形成触发了电沉积Sn的尺寸细化,从而缓解了“死Sn”问题。同时,由于胶束结构破坏了体水之间连续的氢键网络,有效地增强了Sn 2+还原相对于析氢副反应的反应竞争力。因此,锡阳极的平均库仑效率达到了前所未有的99.97%,寿命从710延长到8400 h(提高了约11倍)。在双镀配置下,Sn||Mn全电池提供了1.6 V的放电平台,并持续790次循环,证明了实际可行性。我们的发现强调了初始成核行为在调节金属电化学中的决定性作用,适用于其他多价阳极。
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引用次数: 0
Bidirectionally Enhanced Reaction Kinetics in Vanadium Redox Flow Battery via Regulating Mixed-Valence States in Perovskite Electrodes 通过调节钙钛矿电极的混合价态双向增强钒氧化还原液流电池的反应动力学。
IF 36.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-02060-0
Yingqiao Jiang, Ming Li, Jiaye Ye, Lei Dai, Haoran Jiang, Ling Wang, Zhangxing He

Highlights

  • A selectively regulating strategy for chemical environments of Mn ion activity donorsin LaMnO3 perovskite can bidirectionally enhance vanadium reaction kinetics.

  • The key reactive sites and control steps of perovskite on vanadium redox reactions areestablished based on electrochemical tests and theoretical calculation.

  • Sr and Ce doped LaMnO3 as anode and cathode catalysts of the vanadium redox flowbattery (VRFB) , respectively, synergistically improves the VRFB’s energy storageperformance.

为了提高钒氧化还原液流电池(VRFB)的电极反应动力学,采用了多种金属氧化物催化剂。然而,控制它们的催化作用的决定因素仍然没有得到充分的了解。本文通过在LaMnO3钙钛矿(LSMO和LCMO)的La位点选择性掺杂Sr和Ce来调节Mn离子活性供体的化学环境,从而促进钒的氧化还原反应过程。Sr掺杂增加了Mn离子的价态,使Mn离子更容易从电极上夺取电子并将其转移到V3+离子上,从而降低了V3+/V2+氧化还原过程的反应能垒。相反,Ce掺杂降低了Mn价态,增加了氧空位,促进了VO2+/VO2+氧化还原过程的电荷传递和质量传递。理论计算进一步表明,Sr和Ce的掺杂增强了钒离子的电荷转移和吸附能力。与原始VRFB相比,分别经过LSMO-和lcmo -修饰的VRFB在300 mA cm-2的高电流密度下表现出67%的能量效率,在150 mA cm-2的高电流密度下表现出15%的能量效率。这项研究对于促进对VRFB中高性能金属基电催化剂的基本理解和提供设计策略至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Threefold-Hierarchical Transport of Highly Concentrated Aqueous Electrolyte Mediated by Environment-Reconstructed Ion Correlation Networks 环境重构离子相关网络介导高浓度水溶液电解质的三重层次传输
IF 36.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-026-02075-1
Qiang Wang, Di Tian, Zhiguo Qu

Highlights

  • Transport fingerprints of aqueous electrolytes are captured to be mediated by environment-reconstructed ion correlation networks.

  • Taking the Nernst–Einstein deviations as descriptors, electrolyte transport presents threefold-hierarchical variations due to salt concentration, thermal effect, and nanoconfined interface.

  • This threefold-hierarchical framework is transferable among diverse electrolytes, offering a localized insight for electrolyte evaluation in electrochemical energy devices.

高浓度的水电解质(HCAEs)在能量转换和储存方面比稀释后的电解质具有更高的能量密度和稳定性,这是由于离子传输和相关离子结构的增强。然而,它们潜在的结构-输运关系在宽温度和纳米限制环境中仍然知之甚少。本研究通过结合实验表征和亚纳米分辨率的第一性原理分子模拟,捕获了受环境因素影响的电解质结构和传输指纹。结果表明,超高浓度改变了电解质的电子态,形成了具有广泛聚集体的离子相关网络。这些变化降低了自由水含量和氢键网络连通性,导致与能-爱因斯坦(NE)预测的电导率显著偏离。这种偏差通过离子相关性减弱而得到热缓解。纳米限制界面在HCAE组分中产生振荡衰减分布和异质取向,导致离子相关网络重绘和局域NE偏差。这种输运行为受到协同热界面约束的进一步调节。以NE偏差为描述子,HCAE转运由环境重构的离子相关网络介导,并由于离子浓度、热效应和约束程度而呈现三重层次变化。这种三重层次框架可在不同的电解质之间转移,为电化学能源装置中的电解质评估提供了本地化的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Inorganic High-Performance Fiber-Based Materials for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding: Fundamentals, Fabrications, and Emerging Applications 用于电磁干扰屏蔽的无机高性能纤维基材料:基础、制造和新兴应用
IF 36.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-02053-z
Sijie Qiao, Zhicheng Shi, Aixin Tong, Zhiyu Huang, Annan He, Binhao Wang, Jun He, Jiaxin Wang, Ming Chen, Zixi Huang, Linhui Hao, Bing Wu, Yan Jun, Ya-Lan Tan, Pibo Ma, Weilin Xu, Fengxiang Chen

Highlights

  • Inorganic high-performance fibers (IHPFs)-based composites development and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding mechanisms are reviewed.

  • Surface modification strategies for IHPF’s surface inertness challenge and EMI shielding layer construction are summarized.

  • Future directions and current challenges for achieving large-scale, durable, and environmentally stable IHPF-based EMI shielding materials are outlined.

综述了无机高性能纤维基复合材料的研究进展及其屏蔽电磁干扰的机理。总结了针对IHPF表面惰性挑战和电磁干扰屏蔽层构建的表面改性策略。概述了实现大规模、耐用和环境稳定的ihpf基EMI屏蔽材料的未来方向和当前挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Thermal-Gated Self-Repairing Polyimide Separator for Dendrite-Suppressed Lithium Metal Batteries 用于抑制枝晶锂金属电池的热门控自修复聚酰亚胺分离器
IF 36.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-02050-2
Pengpeng Li, Xinluo Li, Yisong Zhou, Yingying Zhang, Nianyu Yue, Jiameng Li, Yumeng Xin, Lianlong Hou, Jiaji Yue, Xin Zhang, Guohua Sun, Nanjun Chen

The internal heat generation and the growth of lithium dendrites have raised severe safety issues in lithium metal batteries (LMBs), which significantly hinder their widespread adoption. Therefore, it is critical to develop intelligent separators to improve the security and performance of LMBs. Here, we engineer a self-repairing polyetherimide (PEI)-functionalized polyamide-imide (PAI@PEI) nanofiber separator with a thermal-gated function, in which the thermoplastic PEI core has an automatically thermal shutdown function via intelligent closure of apertures under high temperature, while the thermosetting PAI shell can drive the remodeling of PEI to restore its apertures. The PAI@PEI separator showcases the topmost aperture-closing temperature of 400 °C compared to the cutting-edge separators that typically have an aperture-closing temperature below 200 °C. Morphological characterization confirms that the PAI@PEI separator with a closed aperture can recover its apertures at 350 °C, endowing the PAI@PEI separator with a unique self-repairing function to enhance the longevity and safety of LMBs. Meanwhile, density functional theory calculations reveal that the polar amide and imide groups in PAI@PEI separator, both before and after aperture restoration, can efficiently facilitate Li-ion dissociation and transportation for suppressing lithium dendrite growth. As a result, the aperture-restored PAI@PEI separator (R-PAI@PEI) demonstrates significantly improved overall electrochemical performance. Specifically, the R-PAI@PEI-based Li||Li cell exhibits an exceptional Li-ion transference number of 0.71 and an excellent cycling stability at 1 mA cm−2 for over 750 h, which significantly outperform commercial and state-of-the-art separator-based LMBs (typically below 0.65 and 500 h, respectively). Importantly, the R-PAI@PEI-based Li||NCM523 battery still exhibits an impressive specific capacity of 99.7 mAh g−1 at 5C and maintains 90% of its capacity after 100 cycles. These results underscore the feasibility of designing functional separator, opening a new avenue for next-generation highly safe LMBs separators.

锂金属电池(lmb)的内部发热和锂枝晶的生长引发了严重的安全问题,严重阻碍了其广泛应用。因此,开发智能分离器以提高lmb的安全性和性能至关重要。本文设计了一种具有热门控功能的自修复聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)功能化聚酰胺-亚胺(PAI@PEI)纳米纤维分离器,其中热塑性PEI芯具有高温下智能关闭孔的自动热关闭功能,而热固性PAI壳可以驱动PEI的重塑以恢复其孔。与通常关闭温度低于200°C的尖端分离器相比,PAI@PEI分离器的最高关闭温度为400°C。形态学表征证实,闭合孔径的PAI@PEI分离器在350℃下可以恢复其孔径,使PAI@PEI分离器具有独特的自修复功能,提高了lmb的使用寿命和安全性。同时,密度泛函理论计算表明,PAI@PEI分离器中极性酰胺和亚胺基团在孔径恢复前后都能有效促进锂离子的解离和运输,从而抑制锂枝晶的生长。结果表明,恢复孔径的PAI@PEI分离器(R-PAI@PEI)整体电化学性能显著提高。具体来说,R-PAI@PEI-based Li||锂电池表现出0.71的锂离子转移数和在1ma cm - 2下超过750小时的优异循环稳定性,显著优于商用和最先进的基于分离器的lmb(通常分别低于0.65和500小时)。重要的是,R-PAI@PEI-based Li||NCM523电池在5C时仍然表现出令人印象深刻的99.7 mAh g−1的比容量,并且在100次循环后保持90%的容量。这些结果强调了设计功能分离器的可行性,为下一代高安全性lmb分离器开辟了新的途径。
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引用次数: 0
Review on Cathode Stabilization by Electrolyte Engineering in Aqueous Batteries 水溶液电池中电解液工程阴极稳定研究进展
IF 36.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-02048-w
Ronggen Zhang, Xu Liu, Na Gao, Dandan Yin, Xingwang Chen, Hongyang Zhao, Shujiang Ding

Highlights

  • The fading mechanisms of different kinds of state-of-the-art aqueous battery cathodes including manganese/vanadium-based material, chalcogen and halogen materials, Prussian blue analogues, as well as Ni(OH)2 cathodes were summarized.

  • Recent progresses on electrolyte engineering on the stability of cathode materials such as bulk electrolyte modification, electrolyte additives, water-in-salt electrolytes, and hydrogel electrolytes were systematically reviewed.

  • The issues that should be concerned in future electrolyte design for highly state aqueous battery cathodes were proposed.

综述了锰/钒基材料、硫卤素材料、普鲁士蓝类似物和Ni(OH)2阴极等不同类型的水性电池阴极的褪色机理。综述了近年来电解质工程在正极材料稳定性方面的研究进展,如本体电解质改性、电解质添加剂、盐中水电解质、水凝胶电解质等。提出了未来高状态水性电池阴极电解液设计应注意的问题。
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引用次数: 0
Spin Balance Over Janus Ir-Co Magnetic Atoms for Efficient Acidic Water Oxidation Janus Ir-Co磁性原子上的自旋平衡用于有效的酸性水氧化
IF 36.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-026-02082-2
Na Li, Weiren Cheng, Yuying Liu, Ruiqi Liu, Sihua Feng, Huijuan Wang, Liyang Lv, Chenglong Liu, Jin Ma, Chao Wang, Wensheng Yan

Highlights

  • Monodisperse and substitute Co were doped into edge-sharing [IrO6] octahedra of Ca2IrO4 model catalyst, which usually present the intrinsic and strong stability for acid oxygen evolution reaction (OER)

  • The optimized Janus Co–Ir local structure triggers spin balance effect with optimal eg1 orbital and uneven t2g orbital despite the large crystal field of Ir, which co-promote the OER activity with a relatively stable crystal structure.

  • Different from the slowly kinetics of adsorbates evolution mechanism on Ca2IrO4, superoxide path mechanism occurs on Co doped Ca2IrO4 based on the assignment of *OO on dual active sites of Ir and Co.

在Ca2IrO4模型催化剂的共边[IrO6]八面体中掺杂单分散和替代Co,通常具有较强的酸性析氧反应稳定性。优化后的Janus Co - Ir局部结构触发了自旋平衡效应,尽管Ir晶体场较大,但eg1轨道最优,t2g轨道不均匀,从而以相对稳定的晶体结构共同促进了OER活性。不同于Ca2IrO4上吸附演化的缓慢动力学机制,在Co掺杂的Ca2IrO4上发生了基于*OO在Ir和Co双活性位点上的分配的超氧化物路径机制。
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引用次数: 0
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Nano-Micro Letters
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