Vinegar-treated eatables are widely used to improve digestion and are also known for their antimicrobial activity. The evaluated antimicrobial activity of apple cider vinegar (ACV) treated and untreated eatables-ginger (Zingiber officinale), garlic (Allium sativum), onion (Allium cepa), raw papaya (Carica papaya), white radish (Raphanus sativus) and green chilli (Capsicum annum) were analysed against selected common food borne pathogens named Escherichia coli (ATCC8739), Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6539), Shigella flexneri (ATCC 12022), Salmonella typhi (ATCC 14028), Cronobacter sakazakii (ATCC 29544), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (ATCC 17802) and V. cholera (ATCC 3906) using agar well diffusion technique. Different methods for extraction of phytochemicals have been compared. The eatables were soaked in water for 24 hours, then followed by centrifugation which yielded highest number of phytochemicals. All untreated eatables showed high to moderate antimicrobial activities against all test pathogens, while ACV-treated showed higher antimicrobial activities.
{"title":"Antimicrobial Activity of Apple Cider Vinegar Treated Selected Vegetables Against Common Food Borne Bacterial Pathogens","authors":"Jyotsana Singh","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"Vinegar-treated eatables are widely used to improve digestion and are also known for their antimicrobial activity. The evaluated antimicrobial activity of apple cider vinegar (ACV) treated and untreated eatables-ginger (Zingiber officinale), garlic (Allium sativum), onion (Allium cepa), raw papaya (Carica papaya), white radish (Raphanus sativus) and green chilli (Capsicum annum) were analysed against selected common food borne pathogens named Escherichia coli (ATCC8739), Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6539), Shigella flexneri (ATCC 12022), Salmonella typhi (ATCC 14028), Cronobacter sakazakii (ATCC 29544), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (ATCC 17802) and V. cholera (ATCC 3906) using agar well diffusion technique. Different methods for extraction of phytochemicals have been compared. The eatables were soaked in water for 24 hours, then followed by centrifugation which yielded highest number of phytochemicals. All untreated eatables showed high to moderate antimicrobial activities against all test pathogens, while ACV-treated showed higher antimicrobial activities.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45123114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indoor or houseplants are pretty good for health and several studies have shown and confirmed that indoor plants improve the concentration and productivity of the residents. Their presence decreases the stress levels and significantly eliminate common air pollutants. In a limited space, the home garden is an integrated system that produces a variety of foods and agricultural products, including staple crops, vegetables, fruits, medicinal plants and more. The importance of the backyard garden as a source of biological diversity is recognized in this context. When it comes to home gardens, whether in rural or urban regions, the structure and multi-functionality allow for the supply of multiple advantages for both ecosystems and humans. Home gardens conserve a significant amount of genetic variation in plants, both between and within species. Gardening at home is a significant part of social and cultural life, as well as a way for families to earn more money and improve their lives. This review has described the importance of plants in the home and role of home garden prevailing in Saudi Arabia. Biocultural and biological relevance of home gardens are addressed, along with future research challenges and opportunities that could help define and promote the role of house gardens in agricultural biodiversity conservation and cultural legacy preservation.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Indoor Plants Using Home Design Ergonomics in Improving Indoor Air Quality and Human Health: A Systematic Review","authors":"Jamil Saeed Asali","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Indoor or houseplants are pretty good for health and several studies have shown and confirmed that indoor plants improve the concentration and productivity of the residents. Their presence decreases the stress levels and significantly eliminate common air pollutants. In a limited space, the home garden is an integrated system that produces a variety of foods and agricultural products, including staple crops, vegetables, fruits, medicinal plants and more. The importance of the backyard garden as a source of biological diversity is recognized in this context. When it comes to home gardens, whether in rural or urban regions, the structure and multi-functionality allow for the supply of multiple advantages for both ecosystems and humans. Home gardens conserve a significant amount of genetic variation in plants, both between and within species. Gardening at home is a significant part of social and cultural life, as well as a way for families to earn more money and improve their lives. This review has described the importance of plants in the home and role of home garden prevailing in Saudi Arabia. Biocultural and biological relevance of home gardens are addressed, along with future research challenges and opportunities that could help define and promote the role of house gardens in agricultural biodiversity conservation and cultural legacy preservation.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44314796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hydrocarbons including phenol and toluene are considered as the major source of energy and raw material of different industrial products. Although toluene and phenol have various beneficial applications, many studies reported the massive negative impacts of these contaminants on the environment and on human health. This study aims to provide an assessment of biodegradation potential of Staphylococcus pasteuri isolated from the industrial area at the coast of Red Sea, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. From 29 isolates, a strain, that exhibits a notable growth on mineral salt medium supplemented with phenol and toluene as a sole carbon source, was chosen for further investigation. Different optimization conditions have been examined for optimal degradation; two concentrations of phenol and toluene (0.5% & 1.0%) and different incubation temperatures. Growth assessments was measured by optical density (OD) of phenol and toluene using spectrophotometer. Maximum OD for phenol and toluene: (ODmax= 0.787) and (ODmax= 0.969) compared to the abiotic control of (ODmax= 0.152) and (ODmax= 0.182) respectively. Degradation of phenol and toluene was also measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In addition, molecular identification of the isolates was carried out using 16S rRNA analysis highlighted the isolated strain is Staphylococcus pasteuri (strain ATCC 51129) with the accession number (NR114435). This promising strain ATCC 51129 can be used in further biotechnological applications including oil biodegradation processes.
{"title":"Biodegradation Potential of Phenol and Toluene by Marine Staphylococcus pasteuri Isolated from the Red Sea, Saudi Arabia","authors":"F. Basingab","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.2.15","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrocarbons including phenol and toluene are considered as the major source of energy and raw material of different industrial products. Although toluene and phenol have various beneficial applications, many studies reported the massive negative impacts of these contaminants on the environment and on human health. This study aims to provide an assessment of biodegradation potential of Staphylococcus pasteuri isolated from the industrial area at the coast of Red Sea, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. From 29 isolates, a strain, that exhibits a notable growth on mineral salt medium supplemented with phenol and toluene as a sole carbon source, was chosen for further investigation. Different optimization conditions have been examined for optimal degradation; two concentrations of phenol and toluene (0.5% & 1.0%) and different incubation temperatures. Growth assessments was measured by optical density (OD) of phenol and toluene using spectrophotometer. Maximum OD for phenol and toluene: (ODmax= 0.787) and (ODmax= 0.969) compared to the abiotic control of (ODmax= 0.152) and (ODmax= 0.182) respectively. Degradation of phenol and toluene was also measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In addition, molecular identification of the isolates was carried out using 16S rRNA analysis highlighted the isolated strain is Staphylococcus pasteuri (strain ATCC 51129) with the accession number (NR114435). This promising strain ATCC 51129 can be used in further biotechnological applications including oil biodegradation processes.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49551738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bacterial infectious diseases are still one of the main causes of death and severity of bacterial infections, which have markedly gone up mainly due to the emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to prepare nano-emulsions using Coriander and Dill and Flaxseed essential oils and investigate their antibacterial activities. Three nano-emulsions (NEs) were produced by mixing essential oils, surfactants and water with droplet sizes of NEs formulations in the range of 25-62 nm. No toxicity was recorded for Coriander and Dill at 100 μl/ml while Flaxseed NE showed moderate toxicity. Standard local pure cultures of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida albicans were obtained. Dill NEs and Coriander NEs showed moderate activities against both S. aureus and E. coli with inhibition zone diameter rang ing from 12-14 mm and weak activities against K, pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa. The three tested Oil Nanoemulsions showed weak inhibition activity with an inhibition zone diameter of 10 mm against Candida albicans as a test yeast. The best minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of nanoemulsions was for flaxseed NE against all the tested Gram negative bacteria but the results were higher than that obtained by the control antibiotic that showed excellent activity. In conclusion, the tested NEs showed inhibitory activity against the tested bacteria due to inhibition of vital microbial functions such as cellular transport and/or energy production.
{"title":"Antimicrobial Activities of Coriandrum sativum, Anethum graveolens and Linum usitatissimum Essential Oil-Nanoemulsions For Use as Alternatives Food Preservative","authors":"A. Aldahlawi","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.1.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.1.28","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial infectious diseases are still one of the main causes of death and severity of bacterial infections, which have markedly gone up mainly due to the emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to prepare nano-emulsions using Coriander and Dill and Flaxseed essential oils and investigate their antibacterial activities. Three nano-emulsions (NEs) were produced by mixing essential oils, surfactants and water with droplet sizes of NEs formulations in the range of 25-62 nm. No toxicity was recorded for Coriander and Dill at 100 μl/ml while Flaxseed NE showed moderate toxicity. Standard local pure cultures of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida albicans were obtained. Dill NEs and Coriander NEs showed moderate activities against both S. aureus and E. coli with inhibition zone diameter rang ing from 12-14 mm and weak activities against K, pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa. The three tested Oil Nanoemulsions showed weak inhibition activity with an inhibition zone diameter of 10 mm against Candida albicans as a test yeast. The best minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of nanoemulsions was for flaxseed NE against all the tested Gram negative bacteria but the results were higher than that obtained by the control antibiotic that showed excellent activity. In conclusion, the tested NEs showed inhibitory activity against the tested bacteria due to inhibition of vital microbial functions such as cellular transport and/or energy production.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44983732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lichens appear to be a promising source of antioxidants due to presence of numerous metabolites that can reduce free radicals. The Lichen species were obtained from Similipal biosphere Reserve (SBR). The antioxidant activity was carried out by DPPH, H2O2, FRAP scavenging assay and further TPC and TFC was also estimated. Among the lichens tested, Dirinaria applanata exhibited strong antioxidant activities than Parmotrema andium. The methanol and acetone extracts of D. applanata showed DPPH radical scavenging activities (IC50 value) as 471.16±0.85μg/ml and 519.79±1.29μg/ml whereas in P. andium IC50 value was 534.77±0.75μg/ml and 600.77±0.95μg/ml respectively. Similar result was also observed in H2O2 scavenging assay and FRAP. An interesting strong relationship between total phenolic and flavonoid contents and their antioxidant activities in both the Lichen species was marked as determined with respect to gallic acid and quercetin equivalents. The results indicates that the selected lichen species possess significant antioxidant activity which may be utilized as novel sources of natural antioxidant compounds.
{"title":"In vitro Antioxidant Activities of Lichen Species Dirinaria applanata and Parmotrema andium Collected from Similipal Biosphere Reserve, India","authors":"Bijayananda Sahoo","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.1.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.1.34","url":null,"abstract":"Lichens appear to be a promising source of antioxidants due to presence of numerous metabolites that can reduce free radicals. The Lichen species were obtained from Similipal biosphere Reserve (SBR). The antioxidant activity was carried out by DPPH, H2O2, FRAP scavenging assay and further TPC and TFC was also estimated. Among the lichens tested, Dirinaria applanata exhibited strong antioxidant activities than Parmotrema andium. The methanol and acetone extracts of D. applanata showed DPPH radical scavenging activities (IC50 value) as 471.16±0.85μg/ml and 519.79±1.29μg/ml whereas in P. andium IC50 value was 534.77±0.75μg/ml and 600.77±0.95μg/ml respectively. Similar result was also observed in H2O2 scavenging assay and FRAP. An interesting strong relationship between total phenolic and flavonoid contents and their antioxidant activities in both the Lichen species was marked as determined with respect to gallic acid and quercetin equivalents. The results indicates that the selected lichen species possess significant antioxidant activity which may be utilized as novel sources of natural antioxidant compounds.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41599688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The haphazard application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides causes tremendous damage to ecosystems and all biota. One of the most effective ways to tackle the threat is to use biofertilizer. Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) are an important bacterial source for microbial fertilizers that can boost agricultural yields by encouraging plant growth. Bacterial isolates isolated from Saurashtra region, Gujarat, India were analysed for their capability to solubilize inorganic 'P' from tri calcium phosphate and production of indole acetic acid (IAA) quantitatively by bacterial. Production of ammonia, siderophore and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) by selected bacteria isolates was analysed. Biochemical characterization of selected bacterial isolates was done using Vitek 2 Compact system. Isolate GFS15C2 showed highest amount of phosphate solubilization, followed by isolate GFS07C1 and GFS01C1. Bacterial isolate GFS15C2 produced highest amount of IAA. All bacterial isolates were able produce ammonia. Eight bacteria isolates were be to produce HCN. Siderophore was produced by 14 bacterial isolates. In biochemical characterization all the bacterial isolates were able to use D-glucose. Based on biochemical characters clustering of bacteria isolates was done using Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis(PAST). Using cluster analysis by euclidean distance method based on biochemical characterization isolates GFS16C2 & SCS12C3 was found to have distinct characters than other isolates. The present study attempts to characterize PGPB which could be harnessed to improve plant growth. Several phosphate solubilizers and IAA producers also showed production of siderophores and HCN which suggests that these organisms do possess biocontrol ability. These PGPB microbial inoculants can be utilized to improve agricultural systems or as an alternate means of environmentally friendly plant disease biocontrol.
{"title":"Characterization of Plant Growth-Promoting Activity of Bacteria Isolated from Forest and Coastal Regions of Saurashtra, Gujarat, India","authors":"Vivek B. Pattani","doi":"10.21786/bbrc//15.1.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc//15.1.22","url":null,"abstract":"The haphazard application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides causes tremendous damage to ecosystems and all biota. One of the most effective ways to tackle the threat is to use biofertilizer. Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) are an important bacterial source for microbial fertilizers that can boost agricultural yields by encouraging plant growth. Bacterial isolates isolated from Saurashtra region, Gujarat, India were analysed for their capability to solubilize inorganic 'P' from tri calcium phosphate and production of indole acetic acid (IAA) quantitatively by bacterial. Production of ammonia, siderophore and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) by selected bacteria isolates was analysed. Biochemical characterization of selected bacterial isolates was done using Vitek 2 Compact system. Isolate GFS15C2 showed highest amount of phosphate solubilization, followed by isolate GFS07C1 and GFS01C1. Bacterial isolate GFS15C2 produced highest amount of IAA. All bacterial isolates were able produce ammonia. Eight bacteria isolates were be to produce HCN. Siderophore was produced by 14 bacterial isolates. In biochemical characterization all the bacterial isolates were able to use D-glucose. Based on biochemical characters clustering of bacteria isolates was done using Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis(PAST). Using cluster analysis by euclidean distance method based on biochemical characterization isolates GFS16C2 & SCS12C3 was found to have distinct characters than other isolates. The present study attempts to characterize PGPB which could be harnessed to improve plant growth. Several phosphate solubilizers and IAA producers also showed production of siderophores and HCN which suggests that these organisms do possess biocontrol ability. These PGPB microbial inoculants can be utilized to improve agricultural systems or as an alternate means of environmentally friendly plant disease biocontrol.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45651510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alzheimer’s disease is a destructive sickness having a devastating impact on the life of people diagnosed with the disease and their loved ones. Dementia is the source of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and the most striking side effect is cognitive decline, particularly the loss of late learned data. As the ailment advances, the individual may likewise encounter changes in character and conduct, for example, tension, dubiousness, or tumult. Alzheimer’s is a developing issue of the nervous system, where 15% of individuals over age 65 are influenced, and 40% of those over age 85 get it. Alzheimer’s sickness can happen in more youthful individuals too. Exploration has additionally indicated that viable consideration and backing can improve the personal satisfaction of the patients and their parental information. The present review compiles the work of researchers who have gained astounding ground in seeing how Alzheimer’s sickness influences the body and the mind. Their bits of knowledge highlight promising new medicines to slow or stop the dreadful afflictions of the mind. In spite of the fact that getting more established is the greatest hazard factor for dementia, proof shows there are things one can adapt to decrease the hazards. These incorporate keeping dynamic and stable state of mind, eating soundly, and practicing control of the psyche. Taking to exercises, and healthy food, avoiding smoking and alcohol, being physically active with a regimen of mind exercises and a sound body can greatly help to control and prevent the onset of the disease.
{"title":"Alzheimer’s Disease Current and Future Perspectives: A Review","authors":"A. Batawi","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer’s disease is a destructive sickness having a devastating impact on the life of people diagnosed with the disease and their loved ones. Dementia is the source of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and the most striking side effect is cognitive decline, particularly the loss of late learned data. As the ailment advances, the individual may likewise encounter changes in character and conduct, for example, tension, dubiousness, or tumult. Alzheimer’s is a developing issue of the nervous system, where 15% of individuals over age 65 are influenced, and 40% of those over age 85 get it. Alzheimer’s sickness can happen in more youthful individuals too. Exploration has additionally indicated that viable consideration and backing can improve the personal satisfaction of the patients and their parental information. The present review compiles the work of researchers who have gained astounding ground in seeing how Alzheimer’s sickness influences the body and the mind. Their bits of knowledge highlight promising new medicines to slow or stop the dreadful afflictions of the mind. In spite of the fact that getting more established is the greatest hazard factor for dementia, proof shows there are things one can adapt to decrease the hazards. These incorporate keeping dynamic and stable state of mind, eating soundly, and practicing control of the psyche. Taking to exercises, and healthy food, avoiding smoking and alcohol, being physically active with a regimen of mind exercises and a sound body can greatly help to control and prevent the onset of the disease.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46944528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since last decades, photoplythesmography (PPG) signals that are extracted from the optical absorption in the tissues are increasingly being used for health diagnosis. Despite a good literature, there are different claims about the use of color channels as red, green and blue for extraction of PPG signal, i.e., pulse rate from the videos captured through high resolution cameras. In this article, we present the technique for extracting the heart beat rate (pulse rate) from the videos captured through the mobile cameras for all three color channels and thier analysis. Experiments were performed on a DMIMS database comprising 720 videos, out of which we used 25 videos for the analysis. The pulse rate estimated from the blue channel, was in good agreement with reference data extracted using an MP20 monitor, used as the gold standard. The findings of the present study demonstrated the non-invasive color intensity method for detection of pulse rate from the pre-recorded video of 30 seconds. The algorithm is tested on the DMIMS dataset which we have captured in uncontrolled setting. The green channel is proven to be statistically significant for the video recorded followed by red and then blue channel. The accuracy of the pulse extracted is still low because of low signal to noise ratio.We therefore conclude that the presented technique is best for pulse rate extraction through a blue channel followed by red and green channels respectively.
{"title":"Use of Color Channels to Extract Heart Beat Rate Remotely from Videos","authors":"R. Sinhal","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.1.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.1.30","url":null,"abstract":"Since last decades, photoplythesmography (PPG) signals that are extracted from the optical absorption in the tissues are increasingly being used for health diagnosis. Despite a good literature, there are different claims about the use of color channels as red, green and blue for extraction of PPG signal, i.e., pulse rate from the videos captured through high resolution cameras. In this article, we present the technique for extracting the heart beat rate (pulse rate) from the videos captured through the mobile cameras for all three color channels and thier analysis. Experiments were performed on a DMIMS database comprising 720 videos, out of which we used 25 videos for the analysis. The pulse rate estimated from the blue channel, was in good agreement with reference data extracted using an MP20 monitor, used as the gold standard. The findings of the present study demonstrated the non-invasive color intensity method for detection of pulse rate from the pre-recorded video of 30 seconds. The algorithm is tested on the DMIMS dataset which we have captured in uncontrolled setting. The green channel is proven to be statistically significant for the video recorded followed by red and then blue channel. The accuracy of the pulse extracted is still low because of low signal to noise ratio.We therefore conclude that the presented technique is best for pulse rate extraction through a blue channel followed by red and green channels respectively.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47224600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Human Faeces (HF) is a solid waste material that is secreted as left amount after digestion of food inside the small intestine of the body. It contains large number of viruses, bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, archaebacteria etc of which Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are very common and play an important role in digestion and immunity. Hence, LAB were isolated and enumerated from HFusing standard protocol in the present study to find out the qualitative and quantitative distribution of LAB in gut microbiome. LAB were isolated using MRS agar medium under anaerobic conditions and was found that Lactobacillus lactis, L. Acidophilus, L. fermentum and Enterococcus faecium were the dominant species and the populations varied from 3.5 x 106 to 4.5 x 1010CFU/mL. It shows that good populations of LAB in gut microbiome survive under anaerobic conditions. LAB have great efficiency to resist against antibiotics. Such species of LAB should be commercialized and marketed at a global stage so that problems related to imbalance in gut microbiome can be solved.
人体粪便（HF）是一种固体废物，在人体小肠内消化食物后以剩余量分泌。它含有大量的病毒、细菌、真菌、放线菌、古细菌等，其中乳酸菌（LAB）非常常见，在消化和免疫中发挥着重要作用。因此，在本研究中，使用标准方案从HFS中分离和列举了LAB，以了解LAB在肠道微生物组中的定性和定量分布。在厌氧条件下使用MRS琼脂培养基分离LAB，发现乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、发酵乳杆菌和粪肠球菌是优势种，种群数量从3.5 x 106到4.5 x 1010CFU/mL不等。这表明肠道微生物组中良好的LAB种群在厌氧条件下存活。LAB对抗生素有很高的抵抗力。此类LAB应在全球范围内进行商业化和营销，以解决与肠道微生物组失衡有关的问题。
{"title":"Isolation, Characterization and Quantitative Enumeration of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Human Faeces","authors":"Shama Parveen Siddique","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.1.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.1.33","url":null,"abstract":"Human Faeces (HF) is a solid waste material that is secreted as left amount after digestion of food inside the small intestine of the body. It contains large number of viruses, bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, archaebacteria etc of which Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are very common and play an important role in digestion and immunity. Hence, LAB were isolated and enumerated from HFusing standard protocol in the present study to find out the qualitative and quantitative distribution of LAB in gut microbiome. LAB were isolated using MRS agar medium under anaerobic conditions and was found that Lactobacillus lactis, L. Acidophilus, L. fermentum and Enterococcus faecium were the dominant species and the populations varied from 3.5 x 106 to 4.5 x 1010CFU/mL. It shows that good populations of LAB in gut microbiome survive under anaerobic conditions. LAB have great efficiency to resist against antibiotics. Such species of LAB should be commercialized and marketed at a global stage so that problems related to imbalance in gut microbiome can be solved.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41881872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induce oxidative stress in humans, is linked to the negative effects of Chromium 6.The protective action of Cucumis melo L. fruit extracts was evaluated in this study in an animal model of hematological and biochemical parameters, which was induced by chromium VI (K2 Cr2 O7). The purpose of this study was to analyse the efficacy of Cucumis melo L. on chromium VI (K2 Cr2 O7)-induced rats. For 42 days, male albino rats (160–20 g) were given the stated oral LD50 dosage of chromium VI (K2Cr2O7) (10 mg/kg body weight). After 42 days, chromium-induced rats were administered with two different concentrations of Cucumis melo L. and ascorbic acid (250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg body weight) for 7 days. Following therapy, blood was drawn and analysed for a variety of biochemical markers.The results revealed that ingestion of either plant extract, ascorbic acid, or their combination on chromium 6 induced rats significantly increase the activity of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and decreased the activity of Gamma Glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) was recorded. This study has proven that fruit extract particularly its combination with ascorbic acid has a potential prophylactic effect. Cucumis melois vital for modifying the Chromium (VI) induced toxicity on male albino rats. Indeed, the recommended fruits should be consumed to the Chromium (VI) deposited harmful region since they may protect cells from environmental stress.
{"title":"Prophylactic Effect of Cucumis melo on Chromium Vi-Induced Male Albino Rats","authors":"G. Malathi","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.1.14","url":null,"abstract":"The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induce oxidative stress in humans, is linked to the negative effects of Chromium 6.The protective action of Cucumis melo L. fruit extracts was evaluated in this study in an animal model of hematological and biochemical parameters, which was induced by chromium VI (K2 Cr2 O7). The purpose of this study was to analyse the efficacy of Cucumis melo L. on chromium VI (K2 Cr2 O7)-induced rats. For 42 days, male albino rats (160–20 g) were given the stated oral LD50 dosage of chromium VI (K2Cr2O7) (10 mg/kg body weight). After 42 days, chromium-induced rats were administered with two different concentrations of Cucumis melo L. and ascorbic acid (250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg body weight) for 7 days. Following therapy, blood was drawn and analysed for a variety of biochemical markers.The results revealed that ingestion of either plant extract, ascorbic acid, or their combination on chromium 6 induced rats significantly increase the activity of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and decreased the activity of Gamma Glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) was recorded. This study has proven that fruit extract particularly its combination with ascorbic acid has a potential prophylactic effect. Cucumis melois vital for modifying the Chromium (VI) induced toxicity on male albino rats. Indeed, the recommended fruits should be consumed to the Chromium (VI) deposited harmful region since they may protect cells from environmental stress.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48893925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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