Genus Eremostachys Bunge is a key medicinal plant grown in Eastern Europe, Central and Western Asia and Middle East. The plants of this genus have numerous secondary metabolites, which exhibit both traditional and pharmacological applications. Eremostachys contains several classes of reactive chemical ingredients such as flavonoids (viz. Apigenin, Luteolin, Loasifolin, Loasin A, Apuleisin, Apigenin and Kaempferol etc), isoflavonoids (viz. Soforanarin B, Loasin B and Vicarin), iridoid glucosides (viz. Shanzhiside, Lamalbide, Lamalbidic acid, Epiloganin, Pulchelloside, Harpagide, Pulchelloside, hamighriprasin, Eremoside, Phloyoside and Barlerin etc.), phenylethanoid glycosides (viz. Verbascoside, Leucosceptoside A, and Echinacoside etc,), acids, hydrocarbons, terpenes, diterpenoids and sterols (viz. Eremostachiin, Phlomisoside II, Stigmasterol, β-Sitosterol, Daucosterol and Oleanolic aicd) etc. These metabolites are well known for their pharmacological applications such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antirheumatic, anti-poisonous, antimalarial, anticancer, antimalarial, antiallergic, antiarthritic and antidepressant etc. Before the identification of chemical constituents, genus Eremostachys was used by few countries since ancient viz. by China, Iran, India, Pakistan, Tajakistan and few middle and south Asian countries etc. This genus has been used by people of these region since ancient as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, ant-insecticidal, antiparasitic, antiallergic, liver care, joint pain, arthritis, antioxidant, antibacterial, antidepressant, antimalarial, perfumery, detergent, soap, beauty products. In India, E. superba has been used as a food for cattle to increase milk production. In the present review, the important traditional uses of some important species of the genus Eremostachys have been briefly discussed due to their availability and affordability. The number of medicinal and pharmacological applications of the plant genus Eremostachys are also summarized in the paper.
{"title":"Conventional Medicinal Uses and Chemical Structure of Important Secondary Metabolites in the Genus Eremostachys: A Literature Review","authors":"Amrendra M Khan","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Genus Eremostachys Bunge is a key medicinal plant grown in Eastern Europe, Central and Western Asia and Middle East. The plants of this genus have numerous secondary metabolites, which exhibit both traditional and pharmacological applications. Eremostachys contains several classes of reactive chemical ingredients such as flavonoids (viz. Apigenin, Luteolin, Loasifolin, Loasin A, Apuleisin, Apigenin and Kaempferol etc), isoflavonoids (viz. Soforanarin B, Loasin B and Vicarin), iridoid glucosides (viz. Shanzhiside, Lamalbide, Lamalbidic acid, Epiloganin, Pulchelloside, Harpagide, Pulchelloside, hamighriprasin, Eremoside, Phloyoside and Barlerin etc.), phenylethanoid glycosides (viz. Verbascoside, Leucosceptoside A, and Echinacoside etc,), acids, hydrocarbons, terpenes, diterpenoids and sterols (viz. Eremostachiin, Phlomisoside II, Stigmasterol, β-Sitosterol, Daucosterol and Oleanolic aicd) etc. These metabolites are well known for their pharmacological applications such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antirheumatic, anti-poisonous, antimalarial, anticancer, antimalarial, antiallergic, antiarthritic and antidepressant etc. Before the identification of chemical constituents, genus Eremostachys was used by few countries since ancient viz. by China, Iran, India, Pakistan, Tajakistan and few middle and south Asian countries etc. This genus has been used by people of these region since ancient as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, ant-insecticidal, antiparasitic, antiallergic, liver care, joint pain, arthritis, antioxidant, antibacterial, antidepressant, antimalarial, perfumery, detergent, soap, beauty products. In India, E. superba has been used as a food for cattle to increase milk production. In the present review, the important traditional uses of some important species of the genus Eremostachys have been briefly discussed due to their availability and affordability. The number of medicinal and pharmacological applications of the plant genus Eremostachys are also summarized in the paper.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44830262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The clinical use of capsaicin has been confined due to its low-grade solubility and frail bioavailability. So, we examined the impact of capsaicin encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles (CAP@CS-NP) on chemically induced hormone receptor-positive mammary carcinoma. The mammary tumor was induced by a single dose of 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) 25mg/kg b.wt. injected subcutaneously near the mammary gland. After 7 weeks, CAP@CS-NP 4mg/kg b.wt. was administered orally to tumor-bearing rats. Furthermore, sex hormones levels, ER and PR expression, mast cell population, and molecular docking studies were carried out. Tumor-bearing rats flashed significantly hoisted levels of sex hormones, mast cell population, ER, and PR expression. Administration of CAP@CS-NP 4mg/kg b.wt. restored the levels of sex hormones, mast cell population, ER, and PR expression to near-normal levels. Additionally, molecular docking revealed good binding affinity and best glide scores. These findings suggest that nano encapsulation of CAP@CS-NP 4mg/kg b.wt. administration can regulate hormonal expression to treat hormone receptor-positive mammary carcinoma
{"title":"Restorative Effects of Capsaicin Encapsulated Chitosan Nanoparticles on Chemically-Induced Hormone Receptor-Positive Mammary Carcinoma in Sprague-Dawley Rats","authors":"D. Kalaiyarasi","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.1.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.1.39","url":null,"abstract":"The clinical use of capsaicin has been confined due to its low-grade solubility and frail bioavailability. So, we examined the impact of capsaicin encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles (CAP@CS-NP) on chemically induced hormone receptor-positive mammary carcinoma. The mammary tumor was induced by a single dose of 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) 25mg/kg b.wt. injected subcutaneously near the mammary gland. After 7 weeks, CAP@CS-NP 4mg/kg b.wt. was administered orally to tumor-bearing rats. Furthermore, sex hormones levels, ER and PR expression, mast cell population, and molecular docking studies were carried out. Tumor-bearing rats flashed significantly hoisted levels of sex hormones, mast cell population, ER, and PR expression. Administration of CAP@CS-NP 4mg/kg b.wt. restored the levels of sex hormones, mast cell population, ER, and PR expression to near-normal levels. Additionally, molecular docking revealed good binding affinity and best glide scores. These findings suggest that nano encapsulation of CAP@CS-NP 4mg/kg b.wt. administration can regulate hormonal expression to treat hormone receptor-positive mammary carcinoma","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43504650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Memecylon umbellatum, M. edule, M. talbotianum, M. malabaricum, and M. wightii species belong to the family Melastomataceae. The genus is well-known traditional medicinal herb used to treat skin diseases. The goal is to compare the metabolite makeup of the five Memecylon spp. and to evaluate the extract's anti-inflammatory and antiprotease activities. UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS was used to profile untargeted metabolites in a water/methanol extract, followed by statistical analysis with PCA and HCA. Anti-inflammatory and antiprotease activity were determined by inhibiting soybean 15-lipoxygenase and Protease. Phenols and flavonoids are the most abundant secondary metabolites in Memecylon spp. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify marker chemicals from five species, tocopherol, isorhamnetin 3-glucoside, isothalic acid, stearoylglycerol, and pyrrolidine. The Memecylon spp. maybe clustered into two groups based on principal component analysis, with M. malabaricum & M. wightii clustered together and M. umbellatum, M. edule & M. talbotianum forming another clustered. The anti-inflammatory (Soybean 15-lipoxygenase inhibition) and antiprotease activities (Trypsin and thrombin Inhibition) of crude extracts suggested that M. malabaricum and M. talbotianum extracts exhibited higher inhibition compared to the other three species. These data suggest that differences in metabolite profiles might be connected to differences in the bioactivity of the five plant extracts examined. The untargeted UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS technique is efficient for identifying bioactive components of Memecylon spp.
{"title":"Comparing Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-protease Activities and Untargeted Metabolite Profiling Based on Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy of Five Memecylon species from Western Ghats Karnataka, India","authors":"Bharathi T R","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.1.18","url":null,"abstract":"Memecylon umbellatum, M. edule, M. talbotianum, M. malabaricum, and M. wightii species belong to the family Melastomataceae. The genus is well-known traditional medicinal herb used to treat skin diseases. The goal is to compare the metabolite makeup of the five Memecylon spp. and to evaluate the extract's anti-inflammatory and antiprotease activities. UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS was used to profile untargeted metabolites in a water/methanol extract, followed by statistical analysis with PCA and HCA. Anti-inflammatory and antiprotease activity were determined by inhibiting soybean 15-lipoxygenase and Protease. Phenols and flavonoids are the most abundant secondary metabolites in Memecylon spp. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify marker chemicals from five species, tocopherol, isorhamnetin 3-glucoside, isothalic acid, stearoylglycerol, and pyrrolidine. The Memecylon spp. maybe clustered into two groups based on principal component analysis, with M. malabaricum & M. wightii clustered together and M. umbellatum, M. edule & M. talbotianum forming another clustered. The anti-inflammatory (Soybean 15-lipoxygenase inhibition) and antiprotease activities (Trypsin and thrombin Inhibition) of crude extracts suggested that M. malabaricum and M. talbotianum extracts exhibited higher inhibition compared to the other three species. These data suggest that differences in metabolite profiles might be connected to differences in the bioactivity of the five plant extracts examined. The untargeted UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS technique is efficient for identifying bioactive components of Memecylon spp.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48403171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study proposed differential effect of solvents on extraction, pharmacognostic evaluation and antioxidant activity of Long pepper (Piper longum) fruit extract. The bio-analytes present in P. longum fruit were extracted by dissolving powder fruit in water, ethanol, methanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate. Further, the extracts were dried using rotavapor at 55 °C and used to assess the phytochemical analysis where total phenolic compounds (TPCs) were evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu Assay. Additionally, ascorbic acid content was measured, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was performed to predict the presence of various compounds based on their surface functional groups. Further, antioxidant efficiency was determined by considering DPPH radical scavenging activity. The quantitative measurements of the TPC and ascorbic acid reveal the presence of the pharmacognostic compounds in P. longum, which is also supported by FTIR analysis. The FC assay test confirmed the highest polyphenols (181.0 ± 8.69 mg GAE/g) in ethyl acetate extract, while methanolic extract showed the maximum ascorbic acid content (1.51 ± 0.067 mg AE/g). Methanolic and ethyl acetate-based extraction process showed great results than other solvents as they showed maximum DPPH radical scavenging activity (% degradation), 81.57 %, followed by ethyl acetate (79.35%). The obtained results announced P. longum extract can be used as a raw material in pharmaceutical industries and local levels to improve health conditions.
{"title":"Differential Effects of Solvents on Extraction, Pharmacognostic Evaluation and Antioxidant Activity of Long Pepper Piper longum Fruit Extract","authors":"A. Mittal","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.1.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.1.26","url":null,"abstract":"The present study proposed differential effect of solvents on extraction, pharmacognostic evaluation and antioxidant activity of Long pepper (Piper longum) fruit extract. The bio-analytes present in P. longum fruit were extracted by dissolving powder fruit in water, ethanol, methanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate. Further, the extracts were dried using rotavapor at 55 °C and used to assess the phytochemical analysis where total phenolic compounds (TPCs) were evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu Assay. Additionally, ascorbic acid content was measured, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was performed to predict the presence of various compounds based on their surface functional groups. Further, antioxidant efficiency was determined by considering DPPH radical scavenging activity. The quantitative measurements of the TPC and ascorbic acid reveal the presence of the pharmacognostic compounds in P. longum, which is also supported by FTIR analysis. The FC assay test confirmed the highest polyphenols (181.0 ± 8.69 mg GAE/g) in ethyl acetate extract, while methanolic extract showed the maximum ascorbic acid content (1.51 ± 0.067 mg AE/g). Methanolic and ethyl acetate-based extraction process showed great results than other solvents as they showed maximum DPPH radical scavenging activity (% degradation), 81.57 %, followed by ethyl acetate (79.35%). The obtained results announced P. longum extract can be used as a raw material in pharmaceutical industries and local levels to improve health conditions.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48691557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Healthcare quality is driven by multiple dimensions. The present study aimed to examine the main dimensions of healthcare quality from the perspective of patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia public (KSA) hospitals. A patient satisfaction survey was designed to discover the perceived dimensions of quality in the KSA healthcare sector. The steps involved in identifying the quality dimensions relating to healthcare are presented in the paper. The principal component analysis (PCA) lead to identifying the components with total variance explained and result in identifying three meta dimensions. This included wellness support, compliance with Standard, and exceptional service and immediate care. The research findings have provided a platform for emerging and discovering patient needs, direct improvement efforts in such a critical service sector and can be used as a basis for developing new measures to discover patients’ needs.
{"title":"Dimensions of Quality in Healthcare: Perceptions of Patients from Saudi Public Hospitals","authors":"Muhammad Attar","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"Healthcare quality is driven by multiple dimensions. The present study aimed to examine the main dimensions of healthcare quality from the perspective of patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia public (KSA) hospitals. A patient satisfaction survey was designed to discover the perceived dimensions of quality in the KSA healthcare sector. The steps involved in identifying the quality dimensions relating to healthcare are presented in the paper. The principal component analysis (PCA) lead to identifying the components with total variance explained and result in identifying three meta dimensions. This included wellness support, compliance with Standard, and exceptional service and immediate care. The research findings have provided a platform for emerging and discovering patient needs, direct improvement efforts in such a critical service sector and can be used as a basis for developing new measures to discover patients’ needs.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47176877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to assess the applicability of organic acid pretreatment on culm of Bambusa balcooa for the production of maximum total reducing sugars. The experiments were performed by varying organic acids (Formic, acetic, pyruvic, maleic, malic, tartaric, adipic, citric and oxalic acids), concentration of oxalic acid (1-4% (w/v)), solvent to solid ratio (5-40 mL/g), pretreatment time (0-60 min) and temperature (75-135 0C) to maximize total reducing sugars (TRS) concentration using fractional factorial design based one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) approach. Total reducing sugars concentration was estimated by using 3,5-dinitro salicylic acid (DNSA) method. Among various organic acids, oxalic acid exhibited higher reducing sugars concentration. The optimal values show that the maximum TRS of 48.33 g/L was achieved at oxalic acid concentration, solvent to solid ratio, time and temperature of 3% (w/v), 10 mL/g, 15 min and 121 0C for the pretreatment of cassava stem with oxalic acid. A low value of coefficient of variation (CV = 0.32%) showed that the optimal conditions were validated by experiments. Thus, B. balcooa could be used as a potential feedstock for the production of TRS by organic acid pretreatment.
{"title":"Production of Total Reducing Sugars from Bambusa balcooa through Oxalic Acid Pretreatment","authors":"S. Sivamani","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.1.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.1.36","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to assess the applicability of organic acid pretreatment on culm of Bambusa balcooa for the production of maximum total reducing sugars. The experiments were performed by varying organic acids (Formic, acetic, pyruvic, maleic, malic, tartaric, adipic, citric and oxalic acids), concentration of oxalic acid (1-4% (w/v)), solvent to solid ratio (5-40 mL/g), pretreatment time (0-60 min) and temperature (75-135 0C) to maximize total reducing sugars (TRS) concentration using fractional factorial design based one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) approach. Total reducing sugars concentration was estimated by using 3,5-dinitro salicylic acid (DNSA) method. Among various organic acids, oxalic acid exhibited higher reducing sugars concentration. The optimal values show that the maximum TRS of 48.33 g/L was achieved at oxalic acid concentration, solvent to solid ratio, time and temperature of 3% (w/v), 10 mL/g, 15 min and 121 0C for the pretreatment of cassava stem with oxalic acid. A low value of coefficient of variation (CV = 0.32%) showed that the optimal conditions were validated by experiments. Thus, B. balcooa could be used as a potential feedstock for the production of TRS by organic acid pretreatment.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43503831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It has been discovered that bisphenol A (BPA), an established anthropogenic xenoestrogen, is a causal factor in developing cancer, cognitive impairment, neurotoxicity, oxidative stress, and other harmful effects in humans and other species. Although there is some research into the mechanisms of BPA-induced toxicity, it is unclear whether there is a chance of amelioration through natural intervention. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) were used in this study after waterborne exposure to BPA, to assess whether carvacrol co-supplementation could reduce the destructive potential of the compound. All the chemicals and reagents utilized in the current investigations were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Ottochem, India. 5-7month-old zebrafish were acquired from a local fish store in Kolathur, Chennai and kept in a 50-L tank at a constant temperature of 25±2ºC. There were no animal ethical issues involved to carry out this research. Laboratory studies were conducted to determine whether the antioxidant nature of carvacrol might protect the zebrafish brain from BPA-induced altered behavioural responses and oxidative stress. The current data demonstrates that carvacrol is effective in alleviating the altered behavioural response caused by BPA. Biochemical investigations in the zebrafish brain suggest that carvacrol may have therapeutic potential in treating oxidative stress induced by BPA. In addition, the zebrafish brain is protected by carvacrol against BPA-induced toxicity. These preliminary data suggest that carvacrol may be a helpful intervention in treating BPA-induced toxicity in zebrafish by inhibiting the reactive oxygen species production. Novel therapeutic approaches for treating BPA-induced predisposition to severe illnesses could emerge from future research on signaling cascades.
{"title":"Carvacrol Prevents Bisphenol A-Induced Behavioral Changes And Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Through Modulating Brain Antioxidant Defense Mechanism","authors":"Bichandarkoil Jayaram Pratima","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.1.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.1.40","url":null,"abstract":"It has been discovered that bisphenol A (BPA), an established anthropogenic xenoestrogen, is a causal factor in developing cancer, cognitive impairment, neurotoxicity, oxidative stress, and other harmful effects in humans and other species. Although there is some research into the mechanisms of BPA-induced toxicity, it is unclear whether there is a chance of amelioration through natural intervention. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) were used in this study after waterborne exposure to BPA, to assess whether carvacrol co-supplementation could reduce the destructive potential of the compound. All the chemicals and reagents utilized in the current investigations were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Ottochem, India. 5-7month-old zebrafish were acquired from a local fish store in Kolathur, Chennai and kept in a 50-L tank at a constant temperature of 25±2ºC. There were no animal ethical issues involved to carry out this research. Laboratory studies were conducted to determine whether the antioxidant nature of carvacrol might protect the zebrafish brain from BPA-induced altered behavioural responses and oxidative stress. The current data demonstrates that carvacrol is effective in alleviating the altered behavioural response caused by BPA. Biochemical investigations in the zebrafish brain suggest that carvacrol may have therapeutic potential in treating oxidative stress induced by BPA. In addition, the zebrafish brain is protected by carvacrol against BPA-induced toxicity. These preliminary data suggest that carvacrol may be a helpful intervention in treating BPA-induced toxicity in zebrafish by inhibiting the reactive oxygen species production. Novel therapeutic approaches for treating BPA-induced predisposition to severe illnesses could emerge from future research on signaling cascades.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43619035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The latex synthesis in the presence of ethylene-propylene copolymer and methacrylic acid (MAA) was considered for this experiment. The kinetic regularities of the synthesis process were determined and the optimal quantities and ratios of the components were determined both experimentally and by mathematical modeling. It was determined that a modified latex with optimal values is obtained when the amount of methacrylic acid in the latex is 5 parts by weight. The absorbent composition was prepared latex-based based on synthesized EPC – + methacrylic acid. The prepared absorbent was impregnated with viscose (22B) and 222K kapron cord and a rubber-cord bond were determined. The findings of the present study show that the aqueous dispersions of EPC latex were synthesized using various emulsifiers with high technological stability. The presence of the main factors affecting the stability and adhesive properties of the EPC aqueous dispersion has been established. It has been shown that the best stability for 6 months is achieved at a pH value of 12.EPC water emulsion was modified in the presence of MAA by graft copolymerization.
{"title":"Synthesis and Application of Latex-Based Ethylene-Propylene Copolymer on Methacrylic Acid","authors":"Shixaliyev Kerem Seyfi","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"The latex synthesis in the presence of ethylene-propylene copolymer and methacrylic acid (MAA) was considered for this experiment. The kinetic regularities of the synthesis process were determined and the optimal quantities and ratios of the components were determined both experimentally and by mathematical modeling. It was determined that a modified latex with optimal values is obtained when the amount of methacrylic acid in the latex is 5 parts by weight. The absorbent composition was prepared latex-based based on synthesized EPC – + methacrylic acid. The prepared absorbent was impregnated with viscose (22B) and 222K kapron cord and a rubber-cord bond were determined. The findings of the present study show that the aqueous dispersions of EPC latex were synthesized using various emulsifiers with high technological stability. The presence of the main factors affecting the stability and adhesive properties of the EPC aqueous dispersion has been established. It has been shown that the best stability for 6 months is achieved at a pH value of 12.EPC water emulsion was modified in the presence of MAA by graft copolymerization.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45066999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blackbuck, Antilope cervicapra, is a diurnal ungulate species with distinct sexual dimorphism and spellbinding beauty. Male blackbuck has mesmeric beauty with its unique darker coat, showing the increased intensity of color with age. Blackbuck is endemic to Pakistan, Nepal, India and Bangladesh but now its population is reduced to a few areas. Threats such as hunting, stress, habitat loss, diseases, poaching, road accidents, habitat fragmentation, interspecific competition, predation pressure etc., have reduced the population size of blackbuck to a threatened level. Therefore, different conservation strategies are underway to increment its count for improvement of faunal diversity, tourism development and dispersal of the local culture in South Asia. Captive breeding of species is the most efficacious conservation strategy in South Asia so far. Furthermore, various rules and regulations along with strategies like hormone-mediated conservation by injections of prostaglandin and artificial insemination are assisting the species by increasing its birth rate. Genetic studies, introduction to non-endemic but suitable habitat and religious affiliation of communities also contributed to blackbuck conservation. Current conservation practices are helping to conserve the blackbuck but are associated with a few concerns also, thereby proper management, planning, monitoring of conservation practices is required. Population size, distribution range, threats confronted by species, conservation practices and recommendations have been discussed in this article, which will help in advancement of work in this area.
{"title":"Population Status, Distribution, Threats and Conservation of Blackbuck Antilope cervicapra in South Asia: An Updated Literature Review","authors":"Rabia Tahir","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Blackbuck, Antilope cervicapra, is a diurnal ungulate species with distinct sexual dimorphism and spellbinding beauty. Male blackbuck has mesmeric beauty with its unique darker coat, showing the increased intensity of color with age. Blackbuck is endemic to Pakistan, Nepal, India and Bangladesh but now its population is reduced to a few areas. Threats such as hunting, stress, habitat loss, diseases, poaching, road accidents, habitat fragmentation, interspecific competition, predation pressure etc., have reduced the population size of blackbuck to a threatened level. Therefore, different conservation strategies are underway to increment its count for improvement of faunal diversity, tourism development and dispersal of the local culture in South Asia. Captive breeding of species is the most efficacious conservation strategy in South Asia so far. Furthermore, various rules and regulations along with strategies like hormone-mediated conservation by injections of prostaglandin and artificial insemination are assisting the species by increasing its birth rate. Genetic studies, introduction to non-endemic but suitable habitat and religious affiliation of communities also contributed to blackbuck conservation. Current conservation practices are helping to conserve the blackbuck but are associated with a few concerns also, thereby proper management, planning, monitoring of conservation practices is required. Population size, distribution range, threats confronted by species, conservation practices and recommendations have been discussed in this article, which will help in advancement of work in this area.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45709015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brucellosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease carried by animals such as sheep, cows, and camels. It is transmitted to humans through the consumption of affected animals or their by-products. Dairy products form a major part of the Arabic diet and are very widely consumed in Saudi Arabia, where brucellosis is endemic. This study has analyzed the current knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward brucellosis of adults aged 18 years and older among Majmaah University students and staff. A cross-sectional study with 181 participants was conducted using an online survey during March–April 2021. The results showed that the majority of people knew about brucellosis and its transmission, but only a fraction of them took the required precautionary measures. This study highlights that knowledge alone is insufficient to promote healthy behaviors. It is thus important to raise awareness in a way that can convert knowledge into action.
{"title":"Brucellosis: An Investigation of the Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors Among a Selected Population in Majmaah Saudi Arab","authors":"Mohammed A Alaidarous","doi":"10.21786/bbrc/15.1.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.1.35","url":null,"abstract":"Brucellosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease carried by animals such as sheep, cows, and camels. It is transmitted to humans through the consumption of affected animals or their by-products. Dairy products form a major part of the Arabic diet and are very widely consumed in Saudi Arabia, where brucellosis is endemic. This study has analyzed the current knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward brucellosis of adults aged 18 years and older among Majmaah University students and staff. A cross-sectional study with 181 participants was conducted using an online survey during March–April 2021. The results showed that the majority of people knew about brucellosis and its transmission, but only a fraction of them took the required precautionary measures. This study highlights that knowledge alone is insufficient to promote healthy behaviors. It is thus important to raise awareness in a way that can convert knowledge into action.","PeriodicalId":9156,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45857182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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