Carbohydrate Research最新文献_第9页

Water-stable PEG2000-modified citric acid crosslinked β-CD MOF for efficient removal of tetracycline hydrochloride: synthesis, adsorption behavior, and mechanism. 水稳定peg2000修饰柠檬酸交联β-CD MOF高效去除盐酸四环素：合成、吸附行为及机理

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109631

Chunlin Gou, Ziqing Weng, Xiaoshuang Dai, Jianpeng Liu, Ke Mei, Bin Sun, Neng Qiu

To address the ecological and health risks associated with residual tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) in water, a green-synthesized adsorbent composed of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), citric acid (CA), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was developed for the effective removal of TCH from wastewater. The synthetic parameters were optimized, and the resulting PEG-CA-β-CD MOF was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, and SE. TGA analysis indicated an increase in the thermal stability. The maximum adsorption capacity of PEG-CA-β-CD MOF for TCH was 221.6 mg/g at pH = 4. Adsorption kinetics were well-described by the Elovich equation model, while the Freundlich isothermal model accurately described the equilibrium data adsorption Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. Furthermore, the adsorbent maintained 84 % of its initial adsorption capacity after four reuse cycles. Analysis using zeta potential, FT-IR, and XPS confirmed that the possible adsorption mechanism of TCH mainly involves electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and cavity encapsulation. Finally, simulated wastewater experiments showed that PEG-CA-β-CD MOF was able to adsorb TCH efficiently even in the presence of other pollutants. Overall, due to its green synthesis process, low cost, ease of regeneration, and multi-mechanistic adsorption capability, the PEG-CA-β-CD MOF exhibits significant potential for TCH removal in wastewater treatment.

为解决水中残留的盐酸四环素（TCH）的生态和健康风险，研制了一种由β-环糊精（β-CD）、柠檬酸（CA）和聚乙二醇（PEG）组成的绿色合成吸附剂，用于有效去除废水中的TCH。对合成参数进行优化，并用FT-IR、XRD和SE对合成的PEG-CA-β-CD MOF进行表征。TGA分析表明热稳定性有所提高。在pH = 4时，PEG-CA-β-CD MOF对TCH的最大吸附量为221.6 mg/g。Elovich方程模型较好地描述了吸附动力学，Freundlich等温模型较准确地描述了吸附平衡数据，热力学分析表明吸附过程是吸热自发的。此外，吸附剂在重复使用4次后仍保持了84%的初始吸附容量。zeta电位、FT-IR和XPS分析证实了TCH可能的吸附机制主要包括静电相互作用、氢键和空腔封装。最后，模拟废水实验表明，即使存在其他污染物，PEG-CA-β-CD MOF也能有效吸附TCH。综上所述，PEG-CA-β-CD MOF具有绿色合成、低成本、易于再生和多机理吸附等优点，在废水处理中具有去除TCH的巨大潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Structural elucidation of fructose-based carbohydrates isolated from Atractylis aristata n-butanol extract with in vitro and in silico assessment of dual α-amylase inhibition and yeast cytotoxicity 从白术正丁醇萃取物中分离的果糖基碳水化合物的结构分析，体外和室内对双α-淀粉酶抑制和酵母细胞毒性的评价。

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109720

Asma Abid , Oussama Khaoua , Mahdi Belguidoum , Tatou Touahria , Nour Elhouda Mekhedmi , kamilia Birech

This study presents the first detailed structural and biological characterization of fructose-based oligosaccharides Atractylis aristata is a medicinal plant, the saccharide composition of which remains largely uncharacterized. Four saccharides, ranging from mono-to trisaccharides, were isolated from the n-butanol extract and structurally elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The identified compounds were β-D-fructofuranoide (S1), β-d-fructopyranosyl-(2 → 1)-d-fructofuranose (S2), β-d-fructofuranosyl-(2 → 1)-α-d-glucopyranoside (Sucrose) (S3), and O-β-d-fructofuranosyl-(2 → 6)-β-d-fructofuranosyl-(2 → 1)-α-d-glucopyranoside (6-kestose) (S4). Biological screening included α-amylase inhibition assays and cytotoxicity evaluation using a yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) model. Among the tested compounds, 6-kestose exhibited the strongest α-amylase inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ = 79.099 μg/mL), surpassing acarbose (IC₅₀ = 155.45 μg/mL), while no cytotoxic effects were observed even at high concentrations. Complementary computational analyses confirmed the stability and reactivity of the saccharides, emphasizing the role of hydroxyl and fructofuranosyl groups in enzyme binding. Frontier molecular orbital and electrostatic potential mapping revealed high molecular stability and well-distributed charge density, while molecular docking and dynamics simulations demonstrated strong and stable interactions of 6-kestose with catalytic residues Asp197 and Glu233. These findings establish A. aristata as a promising and safe natural source of α-amylase inhibitors, offering valuable molecular insights for the future development of antidiabetic agents.

本研究首次详细介绍了以果糖为基础的低聚糖的结构和生物学特性。白术是一种药用植物，其糖的组成在很大程度上仍然是未知的。从正丁醇萃取物中分离出4种糖，从单糖到三糖不等，并通过1D和2D NMR进行了结构鉴定。经鉴定的化合物分别为β-d-聚呋喃烷醇（S1）、β-d-聚呋喃烷醇-(2→1)-d-聚呋喃烷醇（S2）、β-d-聚呋喃烷醇-(2→1)-α-d-聚呋喃烷醇（蔗糖）（S3）和O-β-d-聚呋喃烷醇-(2→6)-β-d-聚呋喃烷醇-(2→1)-α-d-聚呋喃烷醇（6-酮）（S4）。生物筛选包括α-淀粉酶抑制试验和酵母（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）模型的细胞毒性评价。其中，6-酮糖对α-淀粉酶的抑制作用最强（IC50 = 79.099 μg/mL），超过了阿卡波糖（IC50 = 155.45 μg/mL），即使在高浓度下也没有细胞毒作用。互补计算分析证实了糖的稳定性和反应性，强调了羟基和果糖呋喃基在酶结合中的作用。前沿分子轨道和静电势映射显示6-酮糖具有较高的分子稳定性和均匀的电荷密度，而分子对接和动力学模拟显示6-酮糖与催化残基Asp197和Glu233之间具有强而稳定的相互作用。这些发现表明，马兜铃是一种有前途的、安全的α-淀粉酶抑制剂天然来源，为未来开发抗糖尿病药物提供了有价值的分子见解。

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引用次数: 0

Optimization, characterization and application of chitooligosaccharide-urea conjugate for wheat seed priming: A sustainable approach 壳寡糖-尿素偶联物的优化、表征及应用：一种可持续的方法

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109722

Surbhi Sahewalla , Sonam Sihag , Yamini Tak , Anil Duhan , Vinod Saharan , Ajay Pal

The present study deals with the preparation of chitooligosaccharide (COS), its conjunction with urea, and its priming effect on wheat grains. Employing central composite rotatable design (CCRD) of response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize conditions for COS production resulted in COS with a reducing sugar: 4.14 mg GAH/ml and an average particle size: 232 nm. FTIR, FESEM and XRD validated its formation. The COS displayed exceptional antioxidant properties via. DPPH (IC₅₀: 7.74 mg/ml), ABTS (IC₅₀: 0.147 mg/ml), MCA (IC₅₀: 0.329 mg/ml) and TAA (AO_0.5: 1.76 mg/ml). It was then dopped with urea, and FTIR and NMR detailed the interaction between COS and urea, primarily owing to hydrogen bonds. On studying the effect of priming of wheat grains, an increase of 41.5 % and 22.62 % in shoot and root length of wheat seedlings was noticed with COS-urea (25–50 ppm). Fresh weight, dry weight, SVI-I and SVI-II also detailed the maximum positive trend with COS-urea followed by the maximum utilization of starch and protein. This study provides a new perspective on the application of COS-urea for enhancing the germination potential of wheat, and also for its potential use as a foliar spray, contributing towards sustainable agriculture and the environment.

本文研究了壳寡糖（COS）的制备、与尿素的结合及其对小麦籽粒的激发作用。采用响应面法（RSM）的中心复合旋转设计（CCRD）优化COS的生产条件，得到COS的还原糖为4.14 mg GAH/ml，平均粒径为232 nm。FTIR、FESEM和XRD验证了其形成。COS表现出优异的抗氧化性能。DPPH （IC50: 7.74 mg/ml）、ABTS （IC50: 0.147 mg/ml）、MCA （IC50: 0.329 mg/ml）和TAA （AO0.5: 1.76 mg/ml）。然后加入尿素，FTIR和NMR详细描述了COS和尿素之间的相互作用，主要是由于氢键。在对小麦籽粒催肥效果的研究中，cos -尿素（25-50 ppm）可使小麦幼苗的茎长和根长分别增加41.5%和22.62%。鲜重、干重、SVI-I和SVI-II均随cos -尿素呈最大正相关，其次是淀粉和蛋白质的最大利用率。本研究为利用cos -尿素提高小麦发芽率和叶面喷施提供了新的思路，为可持续农业和环境保护做出贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Photocrosslinkable carbohydrate-based hydrogels for cartilage regeneration: Current insights and future perspectives 用于软骨再生的光交联碳水化合物基水凝胶：当前的见解和未来的观点。

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109718

Pegah Poorkhalili, Jhamak Nourmohammadi, Niloufar Zamirinadaf

Osteochondral defects, involving degeneration of articular cartilage and underlying bone, remain a major challenge in orthopedics due to the tissue's limited self-repair capacity. Traditional treatments often fail to fully restore cartilage structure and function, creating a need for advanced biomaterials to support regeneration. Hydrogels, with their high water content, biocompatibility, and tunable properties, are promising for cartilage tissue engineering. Photocrosslinkable hydrogels have gained attention for their spatiotemporal control, rapid in situ gelation, and ability to form stable scaffolds under light exposure. They offer tunable mechanical strength, degradation rates, and cellular compatibility, making them suitable for cartilage repair. Carbohydrate-based hydrogels, especially those mimicking the extracellular matrix (ECM), show strong potential due to their structural plasticity, bioactivity, and support of chondrocyte function. Their molecular structures, with variations in chain length and branching, allow fine-tuning of physicochemical properties for enhanced performance. This review highlights recent progress in photocrosslinkable carbohydrate-based hydrogels for cartilage regeneration, focusing on fabrication methods, crosslinking strategies, and chemical modifications such as methacrylation and acrylation. It also discusses the advantages of photopolymerization, including efficiency and low cytotoxicity, and its role in improving mechanical properties and chondrogenic potential. Finally, current challenges and future clinical prospects are addressed.

由于组织的自我修复能力有限，骨软骨缺损，包括关节软骨和底层骨的退行性变，仍然是骨科的主要挑战。传统的治疗方法往往不能完全恢复软骨的结构和功能，这就需要先进的生物材料来支持再生。水凝胶具有高含水量、生物相容性和可调特性，在软骨组织工程中具有广阔的应用前景。光交联水凝胶因其时空控制、快速原位凝胶和在光照射下形成稳定支架的能力而受到关注。它们提供可调的机械强度、降解率和细胞相容性，使它们适合软骨修复。碳水化合物水凝胶，尤其是那些模拟细胞外基质（ECM）的水凝胶，由于其结构可塑性、生物活性和对软骨细胞功能的支持，显示出强大的潜力。它们的分子结构，随着链长和分支的变化，允许对物理化学性质进行微调，以提高性能。本文综述了用于软骨再生的光交联糖基水凝胶的最新进展，重点介绍了制备方法、交联策略和化学修饰，如甲基丙烯酸化和丙烯酸化。它还讨论了光聚合的优点，包括效率和低细胞毒性，以及它在改善机械性能和软骨形成潜能方面的作用。最后，讨论了当前的挑战和未来的临床前景。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of the bioactivities of N, N, N-trimethyl chitosan derivatives constructed with sulfonic zwitterionic moieties 巯基两性离子结构的N， N， N-三甲基壳聚糖衍生物的生物活性研究

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109721

Yonggang Peng , Ying Yu , Zhongwen Su , Yujing Zhong , Yikai Chen , Yangfan Mao , Sekar Vijayakumar , Meihua Xin , Mingchun Li

In this work, a novel class of sulfonic zwitterion-modified quaternary ammonium chitosan derivatives was prepared using N, N, N-trimethyl chitosan (TMCI) as the structural backbone. To verify the successful synthesis, the resulting compounds were comprehensively analyzed in terms of their molecular configurations, thermal behavior, and crystalline properties. Characterization techniques included Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Antibacterial performance was comprehensively evaluated through minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and inhibition rate assessments against both Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, revealing enhanced antibacterial activity following modification. Antioxidant properties were examined through DPPH, superoxide, and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays, all of which confirmed strong free radical elimination. Furthermore, cytocompatibility tests verified excellent biocompatibility, underscoring their safety for biomedical applications. Collectively, these results highlight the critical role of structural modification in regulating the bioactivity of chitosan-based systems. The multifunctional properties of these derivatives—including potent antimicrobial activity, effective oxidative stress mitigation, and favorable biocompatibility—provide a strong foundation for their potential use in biomedical materials, smart packaging, and preservation technologies.

本文以N， N， N-三甲基壳聚糖（TMCI）为骨架，制备了一类新型的磺化两性离子改性季铵盐壳聚糖衍生物。为了验证成功的合成，所得到的化合物在分子构型、热行为和晶体性质方面进行了全面的分析。表征技术包括傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱、质子核磁共振（1H NMR）、热重分析（TGA）和x射线衍射（XRD）。通过对革兰氏阴性大肠杆菌和革兰氏阳性金黄色葡萄球菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）、最低杀菌浓度（MBC）和抑制率评估，综合评价其抗菌性能，发现改性后抗菌活性增强。通过DPPH，超氧化物和羟基自由基清除实验检测抗氧化性能，所有这些都证实了强自由基清除。此外，细胞相容性测试证实了出色的生物相容性，强调了其生物医学应用的安全性。总的来说，这些结果强调了结构修饰在调节壳聚糖基系统的生物活性中的关键作用。这些衍生物的多功能特性——包括有效的抗菌活性、有效的氧化应激缓解和良好的生物相容性——为它们在生物医学材料、智能包装和保存技术中的潜在应用奠定了坚实的基础。

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引用次数: 0

Functional characterization and effect of polysaccharides on the activity of GH16 β-agarase from Gelidibacter salicanalis PAMC21136 水杨胶杆菌PAMC21136中多糖对GH16 β-琼脂酶活性的影响及功能表征

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109719

Lakshan Paudel , Bashu Dev Pardhe , Sushma Gupta , So-Ra Han , Jun Hyuck Lee , Tae-Jin Oh

β-agarase is the key enzyme for the primary degradation of agar, a major component of red algae. This study demonstrates cloning, overexpression and characterization of a recombinant GH16 β-agarase (WP_199597959) from Antarctic bacterium Gelidibacter salicanalis PAMC21136. Biochemical properties demonstrated that the maximum activity was observed at pH and temperature of 7.0 and 50°C, respectively using agarose as a substrate. The agarolytic activity of WP_199597959 on agarose was found to be endo-type with production of neoagarobiose (NA2) as a major product. Mn²⁺ metal ion significantly enhanced the activity, doubling the reaction rate as compared with other metal ions. Neoagarooligosaccharides (NAOSs) like neoagarotetraose (NA4), and neoagarohexaose (NA6) hydrolyzed into NA2. In-silico analysis demonstrated that the key catalytic residues E184 and E189 are involved in retaining hydrolytic mechanisms. In-vitro, interaction with negatively charged carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) enhanced the enzyme activity by 15% while positively charged chitosan (CS) decreased the enzyme activity by 12%, highlighting the effect of biopolymers on enzyme activity within the microenvironment interaction. These findings may provide insight into biochemical properties and application of WP_199597959 for agarose degradation.

β-琼脂酶是红藻主要成分琼脂初级降解的关键酶。本研究从南极细菌Gelidibacter salicanalis PAMC21136中克隆、过表达重组GH16 β-琼脂酶（WP_199597959）并对其进行了鉴定。以琼脂糖为底物，在pH为7.0、温度为50℃时活性最高。发现WP_199597959对琼脂糖的溶糖活性为内溶型，主要产物为新琼脂糖（NA2）。Mn2+金属离子显著提高了反应活性，反应速率是其他金属离子的两倍。新琼脂低聚糖（NAOSs）如新琼脂四糖（NA4）和新琼脂己糖（NA6）水解成NA2。硅分析表明，关键催化残基E184和E189参与保持水解机制。在体外，与带负电的羧甲基纤维素（CMC）相互作用，酶活性提高了15%，而带正电的壳聚糖（CS）使酶活性降低了12%，这突出了生物聚合物对微环境相互作用中酶活性的影响。这些发现为WP_199597959降解琼脂糖的生化特性及应用提供了新的思路。

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引用次数: 0

Polysaccharide epitopes recognized by human α-L-Rha antibodies 人α-l-Rha抗体识别的多糖表位。

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109717

Nadezhda V. Shilova , Polina S. Obukhova , Yuriy A. Knirel , Victoria V. Golovchenko , Olga A. Patova , Svetlana V. Tsygankova , Polina V. Mikshina , Stephen Henry , Nicolai V. Bovin

The levels of antibodies in human blood binding to the monosaccharide α-L-Rha are the highest among all anti-glycan antibodies. Moreover, anti-Rha antibodies are found in all individuals, suggesting that they are naturally occurring rather than adaptive immunoglobulins. Rhamnose is common in both bacterial (especially infectious) and plant polysaccharides, however, it remains poorly understood which rhamnose-containing epitope(s) – whether monosaccharide, oligosaccharide, or complex molecular patterns – are recognized by human antibodies. Using an affinity adsorbent, α-L-Rha-Sepharose, antibodies were isolated from human immunoglobulin preparations (IgG + IgM + IgA) and analyzed using highly representative arrays of bacterial and plant polysaccharides (about 1000 glycans, of which >240 contained Rha). Isolated anti-α-L-Rha antibodies bound to almost all polysaccharides where the rhamnose residue was located either terminally or as α1–2, 1–3 or 1–4 linked pendant substituent, but not to internal positions, regardless of whether they were bacterial O-antigens or plant polysaccharides. It was concluded that human polyclonal anti-α-L-Rha antibodies have a reasonably narrow range of epitope specificity. The recognition of a small-sized monosaccharide epitope, on one hand, and a high proportion of IgM and IgA, on the other, suggest a high degree of polyvalence in recognizing the natural targets of the antibodies studied. In vivo, anti-α-L-Rha antibodies are more likely to recognize a pattern composed of tightly packed lipopolysaccharides (or capsular polysaccharides, or plant cell walls) rather than repetitive epitopes on a single polysaccharide molecule.

在所有抗多糖抗体中，人血液中结合单糖α-l-Rha的抗体水平最高。此外，抗rha抗体在所有个体中都存在，这表明它们是自然产生的，而不是适应性免疫球蛋白。鼠李糖在细菌（尤其是感染性）和植物多糖中都很常见，然而，人类抗体识别哪些含有鼠李糖的表位（无论是单糖、低聚糖还是复杂的分子模式）仍然知之甚少。采用亲和吸附剂α-l-Rha-Sepharose，从人免疫球蛋白制剂（IgG + IgM + IgA）中分离抗体，并使用具有高度代表性的细菌和植物多糖阵列（约1000个聚糖，其中bbb240个含有Rha）进行分析。分离到的抗α-l- rha抗体与鼠李糖残基位于末端或α- 1-2、1-3或1-4连接的垂坠取代基结合，但不与内部位置结合，无论是细菌o抗原还是植物多糖。由此可见，人抗α-l- rha多克隆抗体具有较窄的表位特异性。一方面对小尺寸单糖表位的识别，另一方面对IgM和IgA的高比例识别，表明所研究的抗体在识别天然靶标方面具有高度的多价性。在体内，抗α-l- rha抗体更容易识别由紧密堆积的脂多糖（或荚膜多糖，或植物细胞壁）组成的模式，而不是单个多糖分子上的重复表位。

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引用次数: 0

Yeast mannan: A comprehensive functional analysis from structural characteristics to biological activity 酵母甘露聚糖：从结构特征到生物活性的综合功能分析。

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109715

Qiang Wei

Yeast mannan, an essential polysaccharide derived from the cell walls of yeast, has garnered significant interest in recent years owing to its diverse biological functions and potential health benefits. This review intends to thoroughly explore the structural characteristics of yeast mannan, elucidating the manner in which its unique molecular architecture affects its functional properties. Recent studies highlight its multiple health contributions, including notable antioxidant effects, immunomodulatory functions, and the enhancement of gastrointestinal health. However, challenges remain in fully elucidating the relationship between structure and function, particularly regarding the differential regulatory influences of specific types of glycosidic bonds on immunomodulatory activities, as well as improving extraction and application techniques for industrial use. By integrating the most recent research findings, this article aims to emphasize the bioactive potential of yeast mannan and examine its prospective applications in nutraceuticals and functional foods. Additionally, the review identifies existing knowledge gaps and suggests avenues for future research aimed at optimizing its therapeutic potential, thereby establishing a scientific basis for both academic research and commercial application. In particular, a comprehensive understanding of the structure-activity relationship (SAR) related to yeast mannan, especially the correlation between glycosidic bond specificity and biological efficacy, remains critical. Furthermore, assessing the toxicological risks associated with mannan derivatives is another vital yet often neglected aspect necessary for the safe industrial application of these compounds.

酵母甘露聚糖是一种从酵母细胞壁中提取的重要多糖，近年来由于其多种生物功能和潜在的健康益处而引起了人们的极大兴趣。本文旨在深入探讨酵母甘露聚糖的结构特征，阐明其独特的分子结构对其功能特性的影响。最近的研究强调了其多种健康贡献，包括显著的抗氧化作用、免疫调节功能和增强胃肠道健康。然而，在充分阐明结构与功能之间的关系方面仍然存在挑战，特别是在特定类型的糖苷键对免疫调节活性的不同调节影响方面，以及改进工业用途的提取和应用技术方面。本文结合近年来的研究成果，重点介绍了酵母甘露聚糖的生物活性潜力，并对其在营养保健品和功能食品中的应用前景进行了展望。此外，本综述还指出了现有的知识差距，并提出了旨在优化其治疗潜力的未来研究途径，从而为学术研究和商业应用奠定了科学基础。特别是，全面了解酵母甘露聚糖的结构-活性关系（SAR），特别是糖苷键特异性与生物功效之间的关系，仍然是至关重要的。此外，评估与甘露聚糖衍生物相关的毒理学风险是这些化合物安全工业应用所必需的另一个重要但经常被忽视的方面。

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引用次数: 0

Human O-GlcNAc transferase substrate recognition via MALDI-TOF MS quantification of peptide glycosylation 人O-GlcNAc转移酶底物识别通过MALDI-TOF质谱定量肽糖基化。

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109713

Jun Bian, Yaqing Wang, Li Liu, Josef Voglmeir

Human O-GlcNAc transferase (hOGT) modifies serine/threonine residues on cytosolic and nuclear proteins, but predictive rules for substrate recognition are incomplete. Here, we combine MALDI-TOF MS quantification of intact peptides, conversion-based sequence logos, and molecular docking to elucidate recognition patterns. Testing a panel of synthetic peptides (7–25 residues) yielded O-GlcNAcylation from 0 % to 100 %. Stereoselective glycosylation of EA2-R produced β-O-GlcNAc (hOGT/UDP-GlcNAc), α-O-GlcNAc, and α-O-GalNAc (ppGalNAc-T2/UDP-GlcNAc or UDP-GalNAc), enabling comparative studies. Tiered analysis (≥30 %, <30 %, 0 % conversion) highlighted trends: efficient substrates prefer Pro at −2/-3, Val/Ser at −1, Ser at +1, Ala at +2, and Ser acceptors; lower groups feature reduced Pro/Val, increased acids; non-substrates show Gly at −2/-1 and poor +1/+2 residues. Targeted variants tuned reactivity (e.g., Val near −3 achieved 100 % for CKII; distal edits affected CRYAA). Docking revealed productive contacts in reactive peptides. These findings provide design rules for O-GlcNAc assays and a framework for peptide substrate engineering.

人类O-GlcNAc转移酶（hOGT）修饰细胞质和核蛋白上的丝氨酸/苏氨酸残基，但底物识别的预测规则尚不完整。在这里，我们结合了完整肽的MALDI-TOF质谱定量、基于转换的序列标识和分子对接来阐明识别模式。测试一组合成肽（7-25个残基）的o - glcn酰化率从0%到100%。EA2-R的立体选择性糖基化产生β-O-GlcNAc （hOGT/UDP-GlcNAc）、α-O-GlcNAc和α-O-GalNAc (ppGalNAc-T2/UDP-GlcNAc或UDP-GalNAc)，可以进行比较研究。分层分析(≥30%；

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引用次数: 0

Reuterin integrated as dynamic imine crosslinks strengthens creatine modified chitosan hydrogel and boosts antibacterial efficacy 芦黄素作为动态亚胺交联体增强肌酸修饰壳聚糖水凝胶的抗菌效果。

IF 2.5 3区化学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Carbohydrate Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109716

Yongsheng Zheng , Kai You , Cuiping Guo , Zhijie Geng , Yuwei Gao , Zhaoming Liu , Dong Yang , Huilong Guo , Jun Huang

We report a hydrogel platform that integrates a natural antimicrobial as part of the network rather than as a releasable additive. Creatine was first grafted onto methacrylated hydroxybutyl chitosan to obtain an injectable, thermoresponsive, and photocurable backbone (HBC_m_Cre). Reuterin (Reu) was subsequently incorporated through dynamic imine (Schiff-base) coupling, functioning as structural crosslinks that both reinforce the network and sustain local antimicrobial activity. ¹H NMR and FTIR confirmed the successful synthesis. The resulting HBC_m_Cre/Reu hydrogel exhibited smooth injectability, rapid photocuring, and stepwise enhancement in mechanical performance (HBC: 0.45 ± 0.09 N, HBC_m_Cre: 1.27 ± 0.08 N, HBC_m_Cre/Reu: 1.96 ± 0.09 N), indicating that the integration of Reu as a network-forming unit significantly strengthens the gel architecture. The system maintained high biosafety (NIH 3T3 viability >95 %, hemolysis <2 % at 10 mg/mL) and showed potent antibacterial activity, achieving >95 % killing of E. coli and S. aureus and effective biofilm disruption. In vivo rat tail-amputation experiments further demonstrated efficient bleeding control, with creatine grafting markedly reducing bleeding time and blood loss, while Reu primarily contributed to mechanical reinforcement and antibacterial protection rather than direct hemostatic enhancement. These findings establish a distinct structural design strategy where a natural metabolite and antimicrobial are co-integrated into a single hydrogel network, providing a robust and multifunctional platform for potential application in infection-resistant wound care.

我们报告了一个水凝胶平台，将天然抗菌剂作为网络的一部分，而不是作为可释放的添加剂。首先将肌酸接枝到甲基丙烯酸羟丁基壳聚糖上，获得可注射的、热响应的、光固化的骨架（HBC_m_Cre）。Reuterin （Reu）随后通过动态亚胺（希夫碱）偶联被纳入，作为结构交联，既加强了网络，又维持了局部抗菌活性。1H NMR和FTIR证实了合成的成功。制备的HBC_m_Cre/Reu水凝胶具有可注射性好、光固化速度快、力学性能逐步增强的特点（HBC: 0.45±0.09 N, HBC_m_Cre: 1.27±0.08 N, HBC_m_Cre/Reu: 1.96±0.09 N），表明Reu作为网络形成单元的整合显著增强了凝胶结构。该系统具有较高的生物安全性（NIH 3T3存活率为95%），溶血率为95%，可杀灭大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌，并能有效破坏生物膜。体内大鼠截尾实验进一步证明了有效的止血控制，肌酸移植明显减少出血时间和出血量，而Reu主要起到机械加固和抗菌保护作用，而不是直接增强止血作用。这些发现建立了一种独特的结构设计策略，其中天然代谢物和抗菌剂共同集成到单个水凝胶网络中，为抗感染伤口护理的潜在应用提供了一个强大的多功能平台。

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