Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1038/s42005-024-01671-0
José Guimarães, Dorsa S. Fartab, Michal Moravec, Marcus Schmidt, Michael Baenitz, Burkhard Schmidt, Haijing Zhang
In this work, we report on the concurrent emergence of the directional Kondo behavior and incommensurate magnetic ordering in a layered material. We employ temperature- and magnetic field-dependent resistivity measurements, susceptibility measurements, and high resolution wavelength X-ray diffraction spectroscopy to study the electronic properties of AgCrSe2. Impurity Kondo behavior with a characteristic temperature of TK = 32 K is identified through quantitative analysis of the in-plane resistivity, substantiated by magneto-transport measurements. The excellent agreement between our experimental data and the Schlottmann’s scaling theory allows us to determine the impurity spin as S = 3/2. Furthermore, we discuss the origin of the Kondo behavior and its relation to the material’s antiferromagnetic transition. Our study uncovers a rare phenomenon—the equivalence of the Néel temperature and the Kondo temperature—paving the way for further investigations into the intricate interplay between impurity physics and magnetic phenomena in quantum materials, with potential applications in advanced electronic and magnetic devices. This study reports on the simultaneous emergence of the impurity Kondo effect and incommensurate magnetic ordering in the layered material AgCrSe2 these usually mutually exclusive phenomena complement each other. The ability to enable Kondo effect in association with the antiferromagnetic order, provides a novel route to tune the competition between magnetic correlations and Kondo screening.
在这项研究中，我们报告了一种层状材料中同时出现的定向近藤行为和不相称磁有序现象。我们采用与温度和磁场相关的电阻率测量、电感测量和高分辨率波长 X 射线衍射光谱来研究 AgCrSe2 的电子特性。通过对平面内电阻率的定量分析，确定了杂质 Kondo 行为，其特征温度为 TK = 32 K，并通过磁传输测量得到证实。我们的实验数据与 Schlottmann 缩放理论之间的出色一致性使我们能够确定杂质自旋为 S = 3/2。此外，我们还讨论了近藤行为的起源及其与材料反铁磁转变的关系。我们的研究发现了一个罕见的现象--奈尔温度和近藤温度相等--这为进一步研究量子材料中杂质物理和磁现象之间错综复杂的相互作用铺平了道路，并有望应用于先进的电子和磁性器件中。这项研究报告了在层状材料 AgCrSe2 中同时出现的杂质近藤效应和不相称磁有序现象，这些通常相互排斥的现象相辅相成。将近藤效应与反铁磁有序结合起来的能力，为调整磁关联与近藤屏蔽之间的竞争提供了一条新的途径。
{"title":"Concurrence of directional Kondo transport and incommensurate magnetic order in the layered material AgCrSe2","authors":"José Guimarães, Dorsa S. Fartab, Michal Moravec, Marcus Schmidt, Michael Baenitz, Burkhard Schmidt, Haijing Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s42005-024-01671-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-024-01671-0","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we report on the concurrent emergence of the directional Kondo behavior and incommensurate magnetic ordering in a layered material. We employ temperature- and magnetic field-dependent resistivity measurements, susceptibility measurements, and high resolution wavelength X-ray diffraction spectroscopy to study the electronic properties of AgCrSe2. Impurity Kondo behavior with a characteristic temperature of TK = 32 K is identified through quantitative analysis of the in-plane resistivity, substantiated by magneto-transport measurements. The excellent agreement between our experimental data and the Schlottmann’s scaling theory allows us to determine the impurity spin as S = 3/2. Furthermore, we discuss the origin of the Kondo behavior and its relation to the material’s antiferromagnetic transition. Our study uncovers a rare phenomenon—the equivalence of the Néel temperature and the Kondo temperature—paving the way for further investigations into the intricate interplay between impurity physics and magnetic phenomena in quantum materials, with potential applications in advanced electronic and magnetic devices. This study reports on the simultaneous emergence of the impurity Kondo effect and incommensurate magnetic ordering in the layered material AgCrSe2 these usually mutually exclusive phenomena complement each other. The ability to enable Kondo effect in association with the antiferromagnetic order, provides a novel route to tune the competition between magnetic correlations and Kondo screening.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42005-024-01671-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1038/s42005-024-01662-1
Tangyou Huang, Zhongcheng Yu, Zhongyi Ni, Xiaoji Zhou, Xiaopeng Li
High sensitivity detection plays a vital role in science discoveries and technological applications. While intriguing methods utilizing collective many-body correlations and quantum entanglements have been developed in physics to enhance sensitivity, their practical implementation remains challenging due to rigorous technological requirements. Here, we propose an entirely data-driven approach that harnesses the capabilities of machine learning, to significantly augment weak-signal detection sensitivity. In an atomic force sensor, our method combines a digital replica of force-free data with anomaly detection technique, devoid of any prior knowledge about the physical system or assumptions regarding the sensing process. Our findings demonstrate a significant advancement in sensitivity, achieving an order of magnitude improvement over conventional protocols in detecting a weak force of approximately 10−25N. The resulting sensitivity reaches $$1.7(4)times 1{0}^{-25},{{{{{{{rm{N}}}}}}}}/sqrt{{{{{{{{rm{Hz}}}}}}}}}$$ . Our machine learning-based signal processing approach does not rely on system-specific details or processed signals, rendering it highly applicable to sensing technologies across various domains. In this study, the authors propose a generic machine-learning-assisted framework to improve the overall performance of quantum sensing application. In the context of an atomic force sensor, this entirely data-driven approach, which involves generating the digital twinning of experimental data, demonstrates an order of magnitude improvement in sensitivity compared to conventional protocols.
{"title":"Quantum force sensing by digital twinning of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates","authors":"Tangyou Huang, Zhongcheng Yu, Zhongyi Ni, Xiaoji Zhou, Xiaopeng Li","doi":"10.1038/s42005-024-01662-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-024-01662-1","url":null,"abstract":"High sensitivity detection plays a vital role in science discoveries and technological applications. While intriguing methods utilizing collective many-body correlations and quantum entanglements have been developed in physics to enhance sensitivity, their practical implementation remains challenging due to rigorous technological requirements. Here, we propose an entirely data-driven approach that harnesses the capabilities of machine learning, to significantly augment weak-signal detection sensitivity. In an atomic force sensor, our method combines a digital replica of force-free data with anomaly detection technique, devoid of any prior knowledge about the physical system or assumptions regarding the sensing process. Our findings demonstrate a significant advancement in sensitivity, achieving an order of magnitude improvement over conventional protocols in detecting a weak force of approximately 10−25N. The resulting sensitivity reaches $$1.7(4)times 1{0}^{-25},{{{{{{{rm{N}}}}}}}}/sqrt{{{{{{{{rm{Hz}}}}}}}}}$$ . Our machine learning-based signal processing approach does not rely on system-specific details or processed signals, rendering it highly applicable to sensing technologies across various domains. In this study, the authors propose a generic machine-learning-assisted framework to improve the overall performance of quantum sensing application. In the context of an atomic force sensor, this entirely data-driven approach, which involves generating the digital twinning of experimental data, demonstrates an order of magnitude improvement in sensitivity compared to conventional protocols.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42005-024-01662-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1038/s42005-024-01669-8
Saúl Alonso-Monsalve, Davide Sgalaberna, Xingyu Zhao, Adrien Molines, Clark McGrew, André Rubbia
Image decomposition plays a crucial role in various computer vision tasks, enabling the analysis and manipulation of visual content at a fundamental level. Overlapping and sparse images pose unique challenges for decomposition algorithms due to the scarcity of meaningful information to extract components. Here, we present a solution based on deep learning to accurately extract individual objects within multi-dimensional overlapping-sparse images, with a direct application to the decomposition of overlaid elementary particles obtained from imaging detectors. Our approach allows us to identify and measure independent particles at the vertex of neutrino interactions, where one expects to observe images with indiscernible overlapping charged particles. By decomposing the image of the detector activity at the vertex through deep learning, we infer the kinematic parameters of the low-momentum particles and enhance the reconstructed energy resolution of the neutrino event. Finally, we combine our approach with a fully-differentiable generative model to improve the image decomposition further and the resolution of the measured parameters. This improvement is crucial to search for asymmetries between matter and antimatter. The paper addresses the task of extracting individual objects from multi-dimensional overlapping-sparse images, with valuable impact in high-energy physics (future high-precision long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments). The developed tool will allow to reduce systematic errors and avoid model dependence, improving the neutrino energy resolution and sensitivity.
{"title":"Deep-learning-based decomposition of overlapping-sparse images: application at the vertex of simulated neutrino interactions","authors":"Saúl Alonso-Monsalve, Davide Sgalaberna, Xingyu Zhao, Adrien Molines, Clark McGrew, André Rubbia","doi":"10.1038/s42005-024-01669-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-024-01669-8","url":null,"abstract":"Image decomposition plays a crucial role in various computer vision tasks, enabling the analysis and manipulation of visual content at a fundamental level. Overlapping and sparse images pose unique challenges for decomposition algorithms due to the scarcity of meaningful information to extract components. Here, we present a solution based on deep learning to accurately extract individual objects within multi-dimensional overlapping-sparse images, with a direct application to the decomposition of overlaid elementary particles obtained from imaging detectors. Our approach allows us to identify and measure independent particles at the vertex of neutrino interactions, where one expects to observe images with indiscernible overlapping charged particles. By decomposing the image of the detector activity at the vertex through deep learning, we infer the kinematic parameters of the low-momentum particles and enhance the reconstructed energy resolution of the neutrino event. Finally, we combine our approach with a fully-differentiable generative model to improve the image decomposition further and the resolution of the measured parameters. This improvement is crucial to search for asymmetries between matter and antimatter. The paper addresses the task of extracting individual objects from multi-dimensional overlapping-sparse images, with valuable impact in high-energy physics (future high-precision long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments). The developed tool will allow to reduce systematic errors and avoid model dependence, improving the neutrino energy resolution and sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42005-024-01669-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1038/s42005-024-01670-1
Long Li, Ruihan Hou, Xinghua Shi, Jing Ji, Bartosz Różycki, Jinglei Hu, Fan Song
Developing physical methods to modulate biomolecular clusters and condensates on cell membranes is of great importance for understanding physiological and pathological processes as well as for stimulating novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we propose an effective means to control receptor condensation on the cell membrane via specific adhesion to a supported lipid bilayer (SLB) with nanoscale topography. The specific adhesion is mediated by receptors in the cell membrane that bind their ligands anchored in the SLB. Using Monte Carlo simulations and mean-field theory, we demonstrate that the nanoscale topography of the SLB can enhance condensation of the receptors associated with lipid nanodomains. Our results indicate that SLBs with nanoscale topography proves an effective physical stimulus for tuning condensation of membrane adhesion proteins and lipids in cell membranes, and can serve as a feasible option to control and direct cellular activities, e.g., stem cell differentiation for biomedical and therapeutic applications. Developing physical methods to modulate biomolecular condensates on cell membranes is of great importance for understanding physiological processes and stimulating novel therapeutic strategies. We propose an effective means to control receptor condensation on cell membranes via adhesion to a supported lipid bilayer with nanoscale topography.
{"title":"Control of cell membrane receptor condensation by adhesion to supported bilayers with nanoscale topography","authors":"Long Li, Ruihan Hou, Xinghua Shi, Jing Ji, Bartosz Różycki, Jinglei Hu, Fan Song","doi":"10.1038/s42005-024-01670-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-024-01670-1","url":null,"abstract":"Developing physical methods to modulate biomolecular clusters and condensates on cell membranes is of great importance for understanding physiological and pathological processes as well as for stimulating novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we propose an effective means to control receptor condensation on the cell membrane via specific adhesion to a supported lipid bilayer (SLB) with nanoscale topography. The specific adhesion is mediated by receptors in the cell membrane that bind their ligands anchored in the SLB. Using Monte Carlo simulations and mean-field theory, we demonstrate that the nanoscale topography of the SLB can enhance condensation of the receptors associated with lipid nanodomains. Our results indicate that SLBs with nanoscale topography proves an effective physical stimulus for tuning condensation of membrane adhesion proteins and lipids in cell membranes, and can serve as a feasible option to control and direct cellular activities, e.g., stem cell differentiation for biomedical and therapeutic applications. Developing physical methods to modulate biomolecular condensates on cell membranes is of great importance for understanding physiological processes and stimulating novel therapeutic strategies. We propose an effective means to control receptor condensation on cell membranes via adhesion to a supported lipid bilayer with nanoscale topography.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42005-024-01670-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-31DOI: 10.1038/s42005-024-01649-y
Kang-Da Wu, Tulja Varun Kondra, Carlo Maria Scandolo, Swapan Rana, Guo-Yong Xiang, Chuan-Feng Li, Guang-Can Guo, Alexander Streltsov
The resource theory of imaginarity studies the operational value of imaginary parts in quantum states, operations, and measurements. Here we introduce and study the distillation and conversion of imaginarity in distributed scenario. This arises naturally in bipartite systems where both parties work together to generate the maximum possible imaginarity on one of the subsystems. We give exact solutions to this problem for general qubit states and pure states of arbitrary dimension. We present a scenario that demonstrates the operational advantage of imaginarity: the discrimination of quantum channels without the aid of an ancillary system. We then link this scenario to local operations and classical communications(LOCC) discrimination of bipartite states. We experimentally demonstrate the relevant assisted distillation protocol, and show the usefulness of imaginarity in the aforementioned two tasks. This work examines imaginarity as a resource in quantum information theory. The authors extend the resource theory of imaginarity to distributed scenarios, discuss the operational meaning and its role in channel discrimination.
{"title":"Resource theory of imaginarity in distributed scenarios","authors":"Kang-Da Wu, Tulja Varun Kondra, Carlo Maria Scandolo, Swapan Rana, Guo-Yong Xiang, Chuan-Feng Li, Guang-Can Guo, Alexander Streltsov","doi":"10.1038/s42005-024-01649-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-024-01649-y","url":null,"abstract":"The resource theory of imaginarity studies the operational value of imaginary parts in quantum states, operations, and measurements. Here we introduce and study the distillation and conversion of imaginarity in distributed scenario. This arises naturally in bipartite systems where both parties work together to generate the maximum possible imaginarity on one of the subsystems. We give exact solutions to this problem for general qubit states and pure states of arbitrary dimension. We present a scenario that demonstrates the operational advantage of imaginarity: the discrimination of quantum channels without the aid of an ancillary system. We then link this scenario to local operations and classical communications(LOCC) discrimination of bipartite states. We experimentally demonstrate the relevant assisted distillation protocol, and show the usefulness of imaginarity in the aforementioned two tasks. This work examines imaginarity as a resource in quantum information theory. The authors extend the resource theory of imaginarity to distributed scenarios, discuss the operational meaning and its role in channel discrimination.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42005-024-01649-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-31DOI: 10.1038/s42005-024-01635-4
Dingyi Shi, Fan Shang, Bingsheng Chen, Paul Expert, Linyuan Lü, H. Eugene Stanley, Renaud Lambiotte, Tim S. Evans, Ruiqi Li
Clusters or communities can provide a coarse-grained description of complex systems at multiple scales, but their detection remains challenging in practice. Community detection methods often define communities as dense subgraphs, or subgraphs with few connections in-between, via concepts such as the cut, conductance, or modularity. Here we consider another perspective built on the notion of local dominance, where low-degree nodes are assigned to the basin of influence of high-degree nodes, and design an efficient algorithm based on local information. Local dominance gives rises to community centers, and uncovers local hierarchies in the network. Community centers have a larger degree than their neighbors and are sufficiently distant from other centers. The strength of our framework is demonstrated on synthesized and empirical networks with ground-truth community labels. The notion of local dominance and the associated asymmetric relations between nodes are not restricted to community detection, and can be utilised in clustering problems, as we illustrate on networks derived from vector data. Community detection has been studied for more than 20 years, but a perspective from community center is still missing and most algorithms need global information. The authors propose a linear algorithm based on local information to identify centers and related hierarchical structure for effective community detection, which can enhance clustering vector data as well.
{"title":"Local dominance unveils clusters in networks","authors":"Dingyi Shi, Fan Shang, Bingsheng Chen, Paul Expert, Linyuan Lü, H. Eugene Stanley, Renaud Lambiotte, Tim S. Evans, Ruiqi Li","doi":"10.1038/s42005-024-01635-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-024-01635-4","url":null,"abstract":"Clusters or communities can provide a coarse-grained description of complex systems at multiple scales, but their detection remains challenging in practice. Community detection methods often define communities as dense subgraphs, or subgraphs with few connections in-between, via concepts such as the cut, conductance, or modularity. Here we consider another perspective built on the notion of local dominance, where low-degree nodes are assigned to the basin of influence of high-degree nodes, and design an efficient algorithm based on local information. Local dominance gives rises to community centers, and uncovers local hierarchies in the network. Community centers have a larger degree than their neighbors and are sufficiently distant from other centers. The strength of our framework is demonstrated on synthesized and empirical networks with ground-truth community labels. The notion of local dominance and the associated asymmetric relations between nodes are not restricted to community detection, and can be utilised in clustering problems, as we illustrate on networks derived from vector data. Community detection has been studied for more than 20 years, but a perspective from community center is still missing and most algorithms need global information. The authors propose a linear algorithm based on local information to identify centers and related hierarchical structure for effective community detection, which can enhance clustering vector data as well.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42005-024-01635-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141182309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-27DOI: 10.1038/s42005-024-01629-2
Vladimir Juričić, Bitan Roy
Lorentz space–time symmetry represents a unifying feature of the fundamental forces, typically manifest at sufficiently high energies, while in quantum materials it emerges in the deep low-energy regime. However, its fate in quantum materials coupled to an environment thus far remained unexplored. We here introduce a general framework of constructing symmetry-protected Lorentz-invariant non-Hermitian (NH) Dirac semimetals (DSMs), realized by invoking masslike anti-Hermitian Dirac operators to its Hermitian counterpart. Such NH DSMs feature purely real or imaginary isotropic linear band dispersion, yielding a vanishing density of states. Dynamic mass orderings in NH DSMs thus take place for strong Hubbard-like local interactions through a quantum phase transition, hosting a non-Fermi liquid, beyond which the system becomes an insulator. We show that depending on the internal Clifford algebra between the NH Dirac operator and candidate mass order-parameter, the resulting quantum-critical fluid either remains coupled with the environment or recovers full Hermiticity by decoupling from the bath, while always enjoying an emergent Yukawa-Lorentz symmetry in terms of a unique terminal velocity. We showcase the competition between such mass orderings, their hallmarks on quasi-particle spectra in the ordered phases, and the relevance of our findings for correlated designer NH Dirac materials. Lorentz symmetry plays a fundamental role in classical to quantum electrodynamics, as well as in quantum chromodynamics, which is typically realized at sufficiently high energies and often exclusively in closed or isolated quantum systems. Here, the authors show that such a fundamental space–time symmetry can also be manifest as an emergent symmetry even in open Dirac systems, when they interact with the surrounding environment.
{"title":"Yukawa-Lorentz symmetry in non-Hermitian Dirac materials","authors":"Vladimir Juričić, Bitan Roy","doi":"10.1038/s42005-024-01629-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-024-01629-2","url":null,"abstract":"Lorentz space–time symmetry represents a unifying feature of the fundamental forces, typically manifest at sufficiently high energies, while in quantum materials it emerges in the deep low-energy regime. However, its fate in quantum materials coupled to an environment thus far remained unexplored. We here introduce a general framework of constructing symmetry-protected Lorentz-invariant non-Hermitian (NH) Dirac semimetals (DSMs), realized by invoking masslike anti-Hermitian Dirac operators to its Hermitian counterpart. Such NH DSMs feature purely real or imaginary isotropic linear band dispersion, yielding a vanishing density of states. Dynamic mass orderings in NH DSMs thus take place for strong Hubbard-like local interactions through a quantum phase transition, hosting a non-Fermi liquid, beyond which the system becomes an insulator. We show that depending on the internal Clifford algebra between the NH Dirac operator and candidate mass order-parameter, the resulting quantum-critical fluid either remains coupled with the environment or recovers full Hermiticity by decoupling from the bath, while always enjoying an emergent Yukawa-Lorentz symmetry in terms of a unique terminal velocity. We showcase the competition between such mass orderings, their hallmarks on quasi-particle spectra in the ordered phases, and the relevance of our findings for correlated designer NH Dirac materials. Lorentz symmetry plays a fundamental role in classical to quantum electrodynamics, as well as in quantum chromodynamics, which is typically realized at sufficiently high energies and often exclusively in closed or isolated quantum systems. Here, the authors show that such a fundamental space–time symmetry can also be manifest as an emergent symmetry even in open Dirac systems, when they interact with the surrounding environment.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42005-024-01629-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141166631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-24DOI: 10.1038/s42005-024-01661-2
Fernanda Pérez-Verdugo, Samuel Banks, Shiladitya Banerjee
Pulsatory activity patterns, driven by mechanochemical feedback, are prevalent in many biological systems. However, the role of cellular mechanics and geometry in the propagation of pulsatory signals remains poorly understood. Here we present a theoretical framework to elucidate the mechanical origin and regulation of pulsatile activity patterns within excitable multicellular tissues. We show that a simple mechanical feedback at the level of individual cells – activation of contractility upon stretch and subsequent inactivation upon turnover of active elements – is sufficient to explain the emergence of quiescent states, long-range wave propagation, and traveling activity pulse at the tissue-level. We find that the transition between a propagating pulse and a wave is driven by the competition between timescales associated with cellular mechanical response and geometrical disorder in the tissue. This sheds light on the fundamental role of cell packing geometry on tissue excitability and spatial propagation of activity patterns. Many excitable systems share a common feedback motif, but how such feedback acts on biomechanical systems remains largely unexplored. By extending the cellular vertex models to incorporate mechanochemical feedback and excitability, the authors explore how cellular mechanics and geometry regulate the propagation of active stresses in excitable media.
{"title":"Excitable dynamics driven by mechanical feedback in biological tissues","authors":"Fernanda Pérez-Verdugo, Samuel Banks, Shiladitya Banerjee","doi":"10.1038/s42005-024-01661-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-024-01661-2","url":null,"abstract":"Pulsatory activity patterns, driven by mechanochemical feedback, are prevalent in many biological systems. However, the role of cellular mechanics and geometry in the propagation of pulsatory signals remains poorly understood. Here we present a theoretical framework to elucidate the mechanical origin and regulation of pulsatile activity patterns within excitable multicellular tissues. We show that a simple mechanical feedback at the level of individual cells – activation of contractility upon stretch and subsequent inactivation upon turnover of active elements – is sufficient to explain the emergence of quiescent states, long-range wave propagation, and traveling activity pulse at the tissue-level. We find that the transition between a propagating pulse and a wave is driven by the competition between timescales associated with cellular mechanical response and geometrical disorder in the tissue. This sheds light on the fundamental role of cell packing geometry on tissue excitability and spatial propagation of activity patterns. Many excitable systems share a common feedback motif, but how such feedback acts on biomechanical systems remains largely unexplored. By extending the cellular vertex models to incorporate mechanochemical feedback and excitability, the authors explore how cellular mechanics and geometry regulate the propagation of active stresses in excitable media.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42005-024-01661-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141096516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The photonic Ising machine is a new paradigm of optical computing that takes advantage of the unique properties of light wave propagation, parallel processing, and low-loss transmission. Thus, the process of solving combinatorial optimization problems can be accelerated through photonic/optoelectronic devices, but implementing photonic Ising machines that can solve arbitrary large-scale Ising problems with fast speed remains challenging. In this work, we have proposed and demonstrated the Phase Encoding and Intensity Detection Ising Annealer (PEIDIA) capable of solving arbitrary Ising problems on demand. The PEIDIA employs the heuristic algorithm and requires only one step of optical linear transformation with simplified Hamiltonian calculation by encoding the Ising spins on the phase term of the optical field and performing intensity detection during the solving process. As a proof of principle, several 20 and 30-spin Ising problems have been solved with high ground state probability (≥0.97/0.85 for the 20/30-spin Ising model). Photonic Ising machines exploit the parallelism and high propagation speed of light to solve combinatorial optimization tasks. The authors propose and demonstrate a photonic Ising machine with a fully reconfigurable optical vector-matrix transformation system and a modified algorithm based on simulated annealing, solving 20 and 30-spin Ising problems with high ground state probability.
{"title":"On-demand photonic Ising machine with simplified Hamiltonian calculation by phase encoding and intensity detection","authors":"Jiayi Ouyang, Yuxuan Liao, Zhiyao Ma, Deyang Kong, Xue Feng, Xiang Zhang, Xiaowen Dong, Kaiyu Cui, Fang Liu, Wei Zhang, Yidong Huang","doi":"10.1038/s42005-024-01658-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-024-01658-x","url":null,"abstract":"The photonic Ising machine is a new paradigm of optical computing that takes advantage of the unique properties of light wave propagation, parallel processing, and low-loss transmission. Thus, the process of solving combinatorial optimization problems can be accelerated through photonic/optoelectronic devices, but implementing photonic Ising machines that can solve arbitrary large-scale Ising problems with fast speed remains challenging. In this work, we have proposed and demonstrated the Phase Encoding and Intensity Detection Ising Annealer (PEIDIA) capable of solving arbitrary Ising problems on demand. The PEIDIA employs the heuristic algorithm and requires only one step of optical linear transformation with simplified Hamiltonian calculation by encoding the Ising spins on the phase term of the optical field and performing intensity detection during the solving process. As a proof of principle, several 20 and 30-spin Ising problems have been solved with high ground state probability (≥0.97/0.85 for the 20/30-spin Ising model). Photonic Ising machines exploit the parallelism and high propagation speed of light to solve combinatorial optimization tasks. The authors propose and demonstrate a photonic Ising machine with a fully reconfigurable optical vector-matrix transformation system and a modified algorithm based on simulated annealing, solving 20 and 30-spin Ising problems with high ground state probability.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42005-024-01658-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141096486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-22DOI: 10.1038/s42005-024-01659-w
Sean M. Mossman, Garyfallia C. Katsimiga, Simeon I. Mistakidis, Alejandro Romero-Ros, Thomas M. Bersano, Peter Schmelcher, Panayotis G. Kevrekidis, Peter Engels
Solitons are nonlinear solitary waves which maintain their shape over time and through collisions, occurring in a variety of nonlinear media from plasmas to optics. We present an experimental and theoretical study of hydrodynamic phenomena in a two-component atomic Bose-Einstein condensate where a soliton array emerges from the imprinting of a periodic spin pattern by a microwave pulse-based winding technique. We observe the ensuing dynamics which include shape deformations, the emergence of dark-antidark solitons, apparent spatial frequency tripling, and decay and revival of contrast related to soliton collisions. For the densest arrays, we obtain soliton complexes where solitons undergo continued collisions for long evolution times providing an avenue towards the investigation of soliton gases in atomic condensates. Solitons are nonlinear, stable and coherent solitary wave structures that have been investigated in a variety of systems from optics to plasma physics. The authors experimentally and theoretically investigate the dynamics of soliton arrays in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate.
{"title":"Observation of dense collisional soliton complexes in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate","authors":"Sean M. Mossman, Garyfallia C. Katsimiga, Simeon I. Mistakidis, Alejandro Romero-Ros, Thomas M. Bersano, Peter Schmelcher, Panayotis G. Kevrekidis, Peter Engels","doi":"10.1038/s42005-024-01659-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-024-01659-w","url":null,"abstract":"Solitons are nonlinear solitary waves which maintain their shape over time and through collisions, occurring in a variety of nonlinear media from plasmas to optics. We present an experimental and theoretical study of hydrodynamic phenomena in a two-component atomic Bose-Einstein condensate where a soliton array emerges from the imprinting of a periodic spin pattern by a microwave pulse-based winding technique. We observe the ensuing dynamics which include shape deformations, the emergence of dark-antidark solitons, apparent spatial frequency tripling, and decay and revival of contrast related to soliton collisions. For the densest arrays, we obtain soliton complexes where solitons undergo continued collisions for long evolution times providing an avenue towards the investigation of soliton gases in atomic condensates. Solitons are nonlinear, stable and coherent solitary wave structures that have been investigated in a variety of systems from optics to plasma physics. The authors experimentally and theoretically investigate the dynamics of soliton arrays in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42005-024-01659-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141078998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：