In‐plane Hyperbolic Phonon polaritons (HPhPs) are quasiparticles formed via coupling of photons and optical phonons in in‐plane hyperbolic materials and offer unique applications in sensing, thermal emitters and high‐resolution imaging. However, the large momentum mismatch between photons and these in‐plane HPhPs has restricted their technological potential as most experimental demonstrations rely on sophisticated and expensive near‐field detection schemes. In this work, using the example of α‐MoO3, it is demonstrated that by constructing photonic hypercrystals of this material, one can not only excite these in‐plane HPhPs in the far field but also tune the far field response via twisting the hypercrystal lattice with respect the lattice of α‐MoO3. The findings will pave the way for the development of practical in‐plane HPhP devices as well as provide access to new fundamental physics of such materials via conventional and well developed far‐field measurement techniques.
{"title":"Polaritons in Photonic Hypercrystals of van der Waals Materials","authors":"Nihar Ranjan Sahoo, Brijesh Kumar, S.S. Jatin Prasath, Saurabh Dixit, Rohit Kumar, Aneesh Bapat, Parul Sharma, Joshua D. Caldwell, Anshuman Kumar","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202316863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202316863","url":null,"abstract":"In‐plane Hyperbolic Phonon polaritons (HPhPs) are quasiparticles formed via coupling of photons and optical phonons in in‐plane hyperbolic materials and offer unique applications in sensing, thermal emitters and high‐resolution imaging. However, the large momentum mismatch between photons and these in‐plane HPhPs has restricted their technological potential as most experimental demonstrations rely on sophisticated and expensive near‐field detection schemes. In this work, using the example of α‐MoO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>, it is demonstrated that by constructing photonic hypercrystals of this material, one can not only excite these in‐plane HPhPs in the far field but also tune the far field response via twisting the hypercrystal lattice with respect the lattice of α‐MoO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>. The findings will pave the way for the development of practical in‐plane HPhP devices as well as provide access to new fundamental physics of such materials via conventional and well developed far‐field measurement techniques.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141774760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oxidative stress induced by excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a significant role in the onset and progression of numerous skin disorders, necessitating effective antioxidant defenses to prevent and repair oxidative damage. However, existing systemic antioxidant therapies for skin diseases often fall short in efficiently delivering antioxidants to the diseased lesions. In this study, a novel non‐invasive transdermal delivery platform utilizing chitosan grafted with salcaprozate sodium (SCS) is designed for highly efficient delivery of biomolecular enzymes, such as catalase (CAT). After self‐assembling with catalase, the obtained SCS‐CAT nanocomplexes if topically applied in a cream demonstrate highly efficient skin penetration and accumulation. Owing to the ability of CAT to effectively scavenge ROS, topically applied SCS‐CAT nanocomplexes enable remarkable repair and protection effects against ultraviolet radiation B (UVB)‐induced skin photodamages by inhibiting cell apoptosis and inflammation. Moreover, such SCS‐CAT delivery platform holds promise for long‐term skin care applications due to its great biocompatibility. This research presents a simple yet transformative platform for the intradermal delivery of biological enzymes, presenting a promising avenue for treating various inflammatory skin disorders.
{"title":"Modified Chitosan for Highly Efficient Non‐Invasive Transdermal Delivery of Catalase to Repair and Prevent Skin Photodamages","authors":"Xiaoying Yan, Yuchun Xu, Ting Wei, Yu Chai, Yuxuan Li, Chunjie Wang, Mingkang Li, Shuai Zhang, Wenjun Zhu, Zhuang Liu","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202409416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202409416","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress induced by excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a significant role in the onset and progression of numerous skin disorders, necessitating effective antioxidant defenses to prevent and repair oxidative damage. However, existing systemic antioxidant therapies for skin diseases often fall short in efficiently delivering antioxidants to the diseased lesions. In this study, a novel non‐invasive transdermal delivery platform utilizing chitosan grafted with salcaprozate sodium (SCS) is designed for highly efficient delivery of biomolecular enzymes, such as catalase (CAT). After self‐assembling with catalase, the obtained SCS‐CAT nanocomplexes if topically applied in a cream demonstrate highly efficient skin penetration and accumulation. Owing to the ability of CAT to effectively scavenge ROS, topically applied SCS‐CAT nanocomplexes enable remarkable repair and protection effects against ultraviolet radiation B (UVB)‐induced skin photodamages by inhibiting cell apoptosis and inflammation. Moreover, such SCS‐CAT delivery platform holds promise for long‐term skin care applications due to its great biocompatibility. This research presents a simple yet transformative platform for the intradermal delivery of biological enzymes, presenting a promising avenue for treating various inflammatory skin disorders.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141774761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has received significant attention as an energy harvesting technology capable of converting mechanical energy from the environment into electrical power. However, due to its inherent high impedance and low charge transfer output characteristics, the output of TENG is often relatively small. Current research typically focuses on switching on and off under intrinsic voltage for performance management. To further improve output performance, an energy management strategy is proposed that aimed at voltage boosting in this study. This strategy ingeniously designs the discharge sequence of two discharge switches to adjust the connection between the intrinsic capacitor and the matched capacitor, thereby facilitating instantaneous charge transfer under voltages surpassing the intrinsic voltage and significantly enhancing the power density. Combining this strategy with a power converter has significantly enhanced the energy storage efficiency of capacitors, thereby enabling improved power supply for sensor devices. Moreover, experimental results show a power density of 324.8 kW m−2, indicating a 100% increase compared to the direct discharge strategy. With such high output power, five parallel 10‐watt commercial lamps can be illuminated. This strategy introduces a novel idea for achieving high performance output from TENG.
三电纳米发电机（TENG）作为一种能够将环境中的机械能转化为电能的能量收集技术，受到了广泛关注。然而，由于其固有的高阻抗和低电荷转移输出特性，TENG 的输出通常相对较小。目前的研究通常侧重于在固有电压下开关，以进行性能管理。为了进一步提高输出性能，本研究提出了一种旨在提升电压的能量管理策略。该策略巧妙地设计了两个放电开关的放电顺序，以调整本征电容器和匹配电容器之间的连接，从而在电压超过本征电压时促进瞬时电荷转移，并显著提高功率密度。将这一策略与功率转换器相结合，可显著提高电容器的储能效率，从而改进传感器设备的供电。此外，实验结果显示，功率密度为 324.8 kW m-2，与直接放电策略相比提高了 100%。如此高的输出功率，可以照亮五盏并联的 10 瓦商用灯。这一策略为实现 TENG 的高性能输出提供了一种新思路。
{"title":"Achieving High Performance of Triboelectric Nanogenerators via Voltage Boosting Strategy","authors":"Qianwang Wang, Dongyang Hu, Xiaolong Huang, Zitang Yuan, Lipeng Zhong, Qiuqin Sun, Feng Wang, Sixing Xu, She Chen","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202409088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202409088","url":null,"abstract":"Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has received significant attention as an energy harvesting technology capable of converting mechanical energy from the environment into electrical power. However, due to its inherent high impedance and low charge transfer output characteristics, the output of TENG is often relatively small. Current research typically focuses on switching on and off under intrinsic voltage for performance management. To further improve output performance, an energy management strategy is proposed that aimed at voltage boosting in this study. This strategy ingeniously designs the discharge sequence of two discharge switches to adjust the connection between the intrinsic capacitor and the matched capacitor, thereby facilitating instantaneous charge transfer under voltages surpassing the intrinsic voltage and significantly enhancing the power density. Combining this strategy with a power converter has significantly enhanced the energy storage efficiency of capacitors, thereby enabling improved power supply for sensor devices. Moreover, experimental results show a power density of 324.8 kW m<jats:sup>−</jats:sup><jats:sup>2</jats:sup>, indicating a 100% increase compared to the direct discharge strategy. With such high output power, five parallel 10‐watt commercial lamps can be illuminated. This strategy introduces a novel idea for achieving high performance output from TENG.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141774765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei Zhu, Wenhui Hu, Ying Wei, Yi Zhang, Kunming Pan, Songtao Zhang, Xinxin Hang, Mingbo Zheng, Huan Pang
The development of efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts is critical to overcome the efficiency bottleneck in hydrogen generation via water electrolysis. Hollow nanostructured materials have emerged as a hot topic for electrocatalysis research because of their advantages, including abundant active sites, a large contact area between the catalyst and the electrolyte, and a short transmission path. As highly efficient and stable OER electrocatalysts, cobalt‐based nanostructured materials have attracted more and more attention. In this work, cobalt metal/cobalt phosphides/nitrogen‐doped carbon composites (Co‐CoxP/NC) with a hierarchical hollow structure are designed by using hollow ZIF‐67 microspheres as precursors. By coating ZIF‐8 on the surface of hollow ZIF‐67 microspheres and further carbonizing, carbon nanowhiskers are successfully formed on the surface of hollow carbon spheres under the catalytic effect of Co nanoparticles at a high temperature. In the subsequent phosphating process, solid Co nanocrystalline particles are transformed into core–shell CoP and Co2P nanoparticles on account of the Kirkendall effect. Through the optimization of the microstructure of the material and the synergistic effect of transition metal, transition metal phosphide, and nitrogen doping, the overpotential of the optimal material is only 287 mV at 10 mA cm−2 current density in 1 m KOH.
开发高效的氧进化反应（OER）电催化剂对于克服电解水制氢的效率瓶颈至关重要。中空纳米结构材料具有活性位点多、催化剂与电解质接触面积大、传输路径短等优点，已成为电催化研究的热点。作为高效稳定的 OER 电催化剂，钴基纳米结构材料受到越来越多的关注。本研究以空心 ZIF-67 微球为前驱体，设计了具有分层空心结构的金属钴/磷化钴/掺氮碳复合材料（Co-CoxP/NC）。通过在空心 ZIF-67 微球表面涂覆 ZIF-8 并进一步碳化，在 Co 纳米粒子的催化作用下，空心碳球表面在高温下成功形成了碳纳米须。在随后的磷化过程中，固态 Co 纳米晶颗粒在 Kirkendall 效应的作用下转变为核壳 CoP 和 Co2P 纳米颗粒。通过优化材料的微观结构以及过渡金属、过渡金属磷化物和氮掺杂的协同效应，最佳材料在 1 m KOH 中 10 mA cm-2 电流密度下的过电位仅为 287 mV。
{"title":"Core–Shell Co‐CoxP Nanoparticle‐Embedded N‐Doped Carbon Nanowhiskers Hollow Sphere for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysis","authors":"Wei Zhu, Wenhui Hu, Ying Wei, Yi Zhang, Kunming Pan, Songtao Zhang, Xinxin Hang, Mingbo Zheng, Huan Pang","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202409390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202409390","url":null,"abstract":"The development of efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts is critical to overcome the efficiency bottleneck in hydrogen generation via water electrolysis. Hollow nanostructured materials have emerged as a hot topic for electrocatalysis research because of their advantages, including abundant active sites, a large contact area between the catalyst and the electrolyte, and a short transmission path. As highly efficient and stable OER electrocatalysts, cobalt‐based nanostructured materials have attracted more and more attention. In this work, cobalt metal/cobalt phosphides/nitrogen‐doped carbon composites (Co‐Co<jats:sub>x</jats:sub>P/NC) with a hierarchical hollow structure are designed by using hollow ZIF‐67 microspheres as precursors. By coating ZIF‐8 on the surface of hollow ZIF‐67 microspheres and further carbonizing, carbon nanowhiskers are successfully formed on the surface of hollow carbon spheres under the catalytic effect of Co nanoparticles at a high temperature. In the subsequent phosphating process, solid Co nanocrystalline particles are transformed into core–shell CoP and Co<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>P nanoparticles on account of the Kirkendall effect. Through the optimization of the microstructure of the material and the synergistic effect of transition metal, transition metal phosphide, and nitrogen doping, the overpotential of the optimal material is only 287 mV at 10 mA cm<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> current density in 1 <jats:sc>m</jats:sc> KOH.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141774896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yoonji Yang, Byung Ku Jung, Taesung Park, Junhyuk Ahn, Young Kyun Choi, Seongkeun Oh, Yong Min Lee, Hyung Jin Choi, Hanseok Seo, Soong Ju Oh
Self‐classification technology has remarkable potential for autonomously discerning various stimuli without any circuit or software assistance, enabling it to realize electronic skin. In conventional self‐classification systems that rely on complex circuitry for operation, integrating the sensing and algorithm processing units inevitably leads to bulkiness in devices and bottlenecks in signal processing. In this study, the novel double‐sided structure inspired by the human nervous system is newly designed for a self‐classifying sensor (SCS) without the need for additional circuits. The sensor is layered with Ag nanocomposites that have been mechanically enhanced via interface engineering and surface treatment techniques. This structure enables the resistance‐capacitance hybrid operation, facilitating the detection and distinguishment of changes in strain, pressure, and temperature within a single device, which mimics the human sensing recognition process. Moreover, the intensity of the applied stimuli is determined by analyzing the detected signal, and precise localization of the stimuli is achieved by arraying the sensors. With its self‐classification capabilities, SCS opens promising avenues for applications in soft robotics and advanced multifunctional sensor platforms, providing a sensing system characterized by simplicity and efficiency.
{"title":"Sensory Nervous System‐Inspired Self‐Classifying, Decoupled, Multifunctional Sensor with Resistive‐Capacitive Operation Using Silver Nanomaterials","authors":"Yoonji Yang, Byung Ku Jung, Taesung Park, Junhyuk Ahn, Young Kyun Choi, Seongkeun Oh, Yong Min Lee, Hyung Jin Choi, Hanseok Seo, Soong Ju Oh","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202405687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202405687","url":null,"abstract":"Self‐classification technology has remarkable potential for autonomously discerning various stimuli without any circuit or software assistance, enabling it to realize electronic skin. In conventional self‐classification systems that rely on complex circuitry for operation, integrating the sensing and algorithm processing units inevitably leads to bulkiness in devices and bottlenecks in signal processing. In this study, the novel double‐sided structure inspired by the human nervous system is newly designed for a self‐classifying sensor (SCS) without the need for additional circuits. The sensor is layered with Ag nanocomposites that have been mechanically enhanced via interface engineering and surface treatment techniques. This structure enables the resistance‐capacitance hybrid operation, facilitating the detection and distinguishment of changes in strain, pressure, and temperature within a single device, which mimics the human sensing recognition process. Moreover, the intensity of the applied stimuli is determined by analyzing the detected signal, and precise localization of the stimuli is achieved by arraying the sensors. With its self‐classification capabilities, SCS opens promising avenues for applications in soft robotics and advanced multifunctional sensor platforms, providing a sensing system characterized by simplicity and efficiency.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141774764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the great success achieved by recently developed neural interfaces, multi-site monitoring and regulating neural activities with high spatial and temporal selectivity remain a challenge. Here, an implantable, remotely controllable, fiber-based ferromagnetic system permitting 3D navigation, omnidirectional steering, multiplexing neural recording, and modulation is presented. A family of fibers is fabricated that allows for the heterogeneous integration of ferromagnetic, optical, microfluidic, electrical, and electrochemical components into the proposed multifunctional neural interface. Coupling with magnetic actuation, it is demonstrated that this system can enable optical and chemical modulation of local neural activities across multiple distant regions in rodent brains, while simultaneously allowing the real-time monitoring of neural electrophysiological and chemical activities. Furthermore, to systematically identify altered patterns of behaviors, brain activities and dopamine release during optogenetic modulation of specific nuclei in Parkinsonian animals this platform is employed. This proposed system with high spatial selectivity, multiplexing sensing and multimodal manipulating capabilities offers a versatile platform to advance both fundamental neuroscience studies and translational applications in neurologic disease treatments.
{"title":"Ferromagnetic Fiber Systems for Multiplexing Neural Recording and Modulation with Spatial Selectivity","authors":"Hao Song, Yuxin Liu, Jing Li, Zijian Liu, Anqi Yang, Baicheng Lu, Yajing Zhou, Junhan Duan, Jialong Li, Jufang He, Xi Chen, Xudong Lin","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202407537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202407537","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the great success achieved by recently developed neural interfaces, multi-site monitoring and regulating neural activities with high spatial and temporal selectivity remain a challenge. Here, an implantable, remotely controllable, fiber-based ferromagnetic system permitting 3D navigation, omnidirectional steering, multiplexing neural recording, and modulation is presented. A family of fibers is fabricated that allows for the heterogeneous integration of ferromagnetic, optical, microfluidic, electrical, and electrochemical components into the proposed multifunctional neural interface. Coupling with magnetic actuation, it is demonstrated that this system can enable optical and chemical modulation of local neural activities across multiple distant regions in rodent brains, while simultaneously allowing the real-time monitoring of neural electrophysiological and chemical activities. Furthermore, to systematically identify altered patterns of behaviors, brain activities and dopamine release during optogenetic modulation of specific nuclei in Parkinsonian animals this platform is employed. This proposed system with high spatial selectivity, multiplexing sensing and multimodal manipulating capabilities offers a versatile platform to advance both fundamental neuroscience studies and translational applications in neurologic disease treatments.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141754343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are considered as a beneficial complement to lithium-ion batteries for large-scale energy storage systems because of the abundant sodium resources. However, the relatively large ionic radius of Na+ inevitably results in a huge volume change and sluggish electrochemical reaction kinetics, which put forward higher requirements for electrode materials. Among the reported cathode materials for SIBs, the manganese hexacyanoferrate (MnHCF) with the merits of large channels for fast sodium ion transport, high theoretical capacity and low cost has attracted extensive attention. In this review, the recent achievements of MnHCF for SIBs are focused. The key challenges of MnHCF limiting the practical application include the interstitial water, vacancies, low electronic conductivity, and the Jahn-Teller effect. Subsequently, the mainstream strategies to boost the sodium storage performance of MnHCF are summarized (such as structure regulation, surface coating, hybridization with carbon materials, and element substitution). Finally, the potential research directions are also proposed to promote the practical application of MnHCF for SIBs. This review is expected to provide a whole insight into exploring MnHCF cathode materials for SIBs.
{"title":"Challenges and Strategies toward Manganese Hexacyanoferrate for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Zhiming Zhou, Yudan Qian, Xiaomin Chen, Jian Chen, Xunzhu Zhou, Wenxi Kuang, Xiaoyan Shi, Xingqiao Wu, Lin Li, Jiazhao Wang, Shulei Chou","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202404938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202404938","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are considered as a beneficial complement to lithium-ion batteries for large-scale energy storage systems because of the abundant sodium resources. However, the relatively large ionic radius of Na<sup>+</sup> inevitably results in a huge volume change and sluggish electrochemical reaction kinetics, which put forward higher requirements for electrode materials. Among the reported cathode materials for SIBs, the manganese hexacyanoferrate (MnHCF) with the merits of large channels for fast sodium ion transport, high theoretical capacity and low cost has attracted extensive attention. In this review, the recent achievements of MnHCF for SIBs are focused. The key challenges of MnHCF limiting the practical application include the interstitial water, vacancies, low electronic conductivity, and the Jahn-Teller effect. Subsequently, the mainstream strategies to boost the sodium storage performance of MnHCF are summarized (such as structure regulation, surface coating, hybridization with carbon materials, and element substitution). Finally, the potential research directions are also proposed to promote the practical application of MnHCF for SIBs. This review is expected to provide a whole insight into exploring MnHCF cathode materials for SIBs.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141754511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Silicon-based anode has high theoretical capacity but suffers from poor electrical conductivity, large volume expansion, and unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Adding carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon coatings are both very effective methods for addressing the above issues. The intrinsic sp2 covalent structure endows CNTs with excellent electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and chemical stability, which makes them suitable for various energy storage applications, such as in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Apart from the conductive network, CNTs can serve as current collectors, mechanical probes, and mechanical frameworks, and they have potential in the construction of next-generation battery architectures. Carbon coatings are mixed ionic-electronic conductors with good chemical stability that provide mechanical support and mitigate the volume expansion of Si-based materials. This review outlines the advances in CNTs and carbon coatings as conductive networks in Si-based anodes, as well as insights into their future development. It provides an in-depth analysis of the percolation and mechanical mechanism of conductive networks, highlights the importance of flexible long-range conductivity, and decouples the relationships between stress, interface stability, and electron/ion transfer.
{"title":"Advances in Carbon Nanotubes and Carbon Coatings as Conductive Networks in Silicon-based Anodes","authors":"Ziying He, Chenxi Zhang, Zhenxing Zhu, Yaxiong Yu, Chao Zheng, Fei Wei","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202408285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202408285","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon-based anode has high theoretical capacity but suffers from poor electrical conductivity, large volume expansion, and unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Adding carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon coatings are both very effective methods for addressing the above issues. The intrinsic sp<sup>2</sup> covalent structure endows CNTs with excellent electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and chemical stability, which makes them suitable for various energy storage applications, such as in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Apart from the conductive network, CNTs can serve as current collectors, mechanical probes, and mechanical frameworks, and they have potential in the construction of next-generation battery architectures. Carbon coatings are mixed ionic-electronic conductors with good chemical stability that provide mechanical support and mitigate the volume expansion of Si-based materials. This review outlines the advances in CNTs and carbon coatings as conductive networks in Si-based anodes, as well as insights into their future development. It provides an in-depth analysis of the percolation and mechanical mechanism of conductive networks, highlights the importance of flexible long-range conductivity, and decouples the relationships between stress, interface stability, and electron/ion transfer.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141754344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei Zhang, Guoqiang Liang, Sai Wang, Fengjin Yang, Xiaoyan Liu, Jianyong Yu, Shichao Zhang, Bin Ding
Extreme cold events are becoming more frequent and intense around the world, imposing a huge burden on human health and global economy. However, developing fibrous materials featuring ultralight weight, high shape retention, and high thermal insulation to withstand extreme conditions remains a great challenge. Herein, inspired by the natural porous loofah, an ultralight and superelastic micro/nanofibrous aerogel (MNFA) that integrates hierarchical pores and stable physical entanglements is directly synthesized via gelation electrospinning technology. By manipulating the solution/water molecules interaction of the charged jets, a hierarchical porous structure consisting of fibrous porous networks and aerogel microfibers is developed, which endows MNFA with high porosity (99.7%). Benefiting from the stable physical entanglement structure between the rigid microfibers and flexible nanofibers, the resulting MNFA can withstand large tensile stress (4000 times of its weight) and 1000 compression cycles without being damaged. Moreover, MNFA exhibits ultralight feature (3 mg cm−3) and high thermal insulation performance (low thermal conductivity of 25.3 mW m−1 K−1), making a promising contender for highly efficient thermal insulation. This work can offer fresh perspectives on the design and advancement of advanced fibrous aerogels for a variety of uses.
{"title":"Loofah-Inspired Ultralight and Superelastic Micro/Nanofibrous Aerogels for Highly Efficient Thermal Insulation","authors":"Wei Zhang, Guoqiang Liang, Sai Wang, Fengjin Yang, Xiaoyan Liu, Jianyong Yu, Shichao Zhang, Bin Ding","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202412424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202412424","url":null,"abstract":"Extreme cold events are becoming more frequent and intense around the world, imposing a huge burden on human health and global economy. However, developing fibrous materials featuring ultralight weight, high shape retention, and high thermal insulation to withstand extreme conditions remains a great challenge. Herein, inspired by the natural porous loofah, an ultralight and superelastic micro/nanofibrous aerogel (MNFA) that integrates hierarchical pores and stable physical entanglements is directly synthesized via gelation electrospinning technology. By manipulating the solution/water molecules interaction of the charged jets, a hierarchical porous structure consisting of fibrous porous networks and aerogel microfibers is developed, which endows MNFA with high porosity (99.7%). Benefiting from the stable physical entanglement structure between the rigid microfibers and flexible nanofibers, the resulting MNFA can withstand large tensile stress (4000 times of its weight) and 1000 compression cycles without being damaged. Moreover, MNFA exhibits ultralight feature (3 mg cm<sup>−3</sup>) and high thermal insulation performance (low thermal conductivity of 25.3 mW m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−1</sup>), making a promising contender for highly efficient thermal insulation. This work can offer fresh perspectives on the design and advancement of advanced fibrous aerogels for a variety of uses.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141754509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yan Yan, Zhuang Cheng, Yangze Xu, Zihan Su, Yaxue Wang, Xin He, Zujin Zhao, Futong Liu, Ping Lu
Developing efficient blue/deep-blue circularly polarized organic light-emitting diodes (CP-OLEDs) with small efficiency roll-off remains a great challenge for wide color gamut and high contrast 3D displays. Here, two pairs of chiral stable enantiomers, (R/S)-PPI-OBN-CN and (R/S)-PyI-OBN-CN, composed of imidazole derivatives phenanthroimidazole (PPI) and pyrenoimidazole (PyI) donors, and chiral group of (R/S)-octahydro-binaphthol (OBN-CN) acceptor are designed. These new blue/deep-blue molecular architectures exhibit excellent thermal and electrochemical stabilities, hybrid local and charge transfer (HLCT) excited state, and clear CPL characteristics with dissymmetry factors (|gPL|) of 1.57 × 10−3/2.49 × 10−3 in the neat films. Moreover, the CP-OLEDs based on (R/S)-PPI-OBN-CN and (R/S)-PyI-OBN-CN exhibit the deep-blue/pure-blue emission with the CIE coordinates of (0.15, 0.08) and (0.15, 0.14), the maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 7.25% and 8.11% and very small efficiency roll-offs of 17.6% and 1.8% at the luminescence of 1000 cd m−2, respectively. Even when the brightness is increased to 10000 cd m−2, (R/S)-PyI-OBN-CN-based device could still maintain as high as 6.68%. Obvious circularly polarized electroluminescence (CPEL) activities with the EL dissymmetry factors (gEL) of +1.54 × 10−3/−1.63 × 10−3 and +1.95 × 10−3/−1.72 × 10−3 are also recorded. These are the first highly efficient blue/deep-blue CP-OLEDs based on “hot exciton” enantiomers.
{"title":"Highly Efficient Blue/Deep-blue Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence with Small Efficiency Roll-Offs","authors":"Yan Yan, Zhuang Cheng, Yangze Xu, Zihan Su, Yaxue Wang, Xin He, Zujin Zhao, Futong Liu, Ping Lu","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202408550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202408550","url":null,"abstract":"Developing efficient blue/deep-blue circularly polarized organic light-emitting diodes (CP-OLEDs) with small efficiency roll-off remains a great challenge for wide color gamut and high contrast 3D displays. Here, two pairs of chiral stable enantiomers, (<i>R</i>/<i>S</i>)-PPI-OBN-CN and (<i>R</i>/<i>S</i>)-PyI-OBN-CN, composed of imidazole derivatives phenanthroimidazole (PPI) and pyrenoimidazole (PyI) donors, and chiral group of (<i>R</i>/<i>S</i>)-octahydro-binaphthol (OBN-CN) acceptor are designed. These new blue/deep-blue molecular architectures exhibit excellent thermal and electrochemical stabilities, hybrid local and charge transfer (HLCT) excited state, and clear CPL characteristics with dissymmetry factors (|g<sub>PL</sub>|) of 1.57 × 10<sup>−3</sup>/2.49 × 10<sup>−3</sup> in the neat films. Moreover, the CP-OLEDs based on (<i>R</i>/<i>S</i>)-PPI-OBN-CN and (<i>R</i>/<i>S</i>)-PyI-OBN-CN exhibit the deep-blue/pure-blue emission with the CIE coordinates of (0.15, 0.08) and (0.15, 0.14), the maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 7.25% and 8.11% and very small efficiency roll-offs of 17.6% and 1.8% at the luminescence of 1000 cd m<sup>−2</sup>, respectively. Even when the brightness is increased to 10000 cd m<sup>−2</sup>, (<i>R</i>/<i>S</i>)-PyI-OBN-CN-based device could still maintain as high as 6.68%. Obvious circularly polarized electroluminescence (CPEL) activities with the EL dissymmetry factors (<i>g</i><sub>EL</sub>) of +1.54 × 10<sup>−3</sup>/−1.63 × 10<sup>−3</sup> and +1.95 × 10<sup>−3</sup>/−1.72 × 10<sup>−3</sup> are also recorded. These are the first highly efficient blue/deep-blue CP-OLEDs based on “hot exciton” enantiomers.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141754510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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