International journal of disaster risk reduction最新文献_第8页

The impact of educational and training programs on disaster awareness and preparedness among health sciences students: A quasi-experimental study 教育和培训计划对健康科学专业学生的灾难意识和防备能力的影响：准实验研究

IF 4.2 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

International journal of disaster risk reduction

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104888

Aziz Aslanoğlu , Nurcan Bilgiç , Amal A. Murad , Rami A. Elshatarat , Dana Anwer Abujaber , Eman Al Qasim , Najlaa A. Siddiq , Dena Eltabey Sobeh , Mudathir M. Eltayeb , Zyad T. Saleh

Disaster preparedness among health sciences students is critical but often insufficient. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a disaster awareness and impact reduction educational intervention in enhancing disaster preparedness. A quasi-experimental single-group pretest-posttest design was employed, with the intervention consisting of 16 h of education delivered over four weeks via a distance learning platform. The study involved 599 students from the faculties of health sciences, who were assessed at baseline and three months post-intervention. Results indicated that students’ baseline disaster preparedness levels were low, with no significant correlations found between demographic characteristics, previous disaster experiences, or prior disaster preparedness training and baseline preparedness levels. Repeated-measures Analysis of Variance confirmed a significant impact of the intervention after controlling for baseline preparedness levels. Significant improvements were observed post-intervention across all preparedness dimensions: disaster physical protection, disaster planning, disaster assistance, disaster warning systems, and total preparedness levels (p < .001). The most substantial gains were noted among students with initially low preparedness levels. These findings emphasize the importance of integrating disaster preparedness education into health sciences curricula to better equip future healthcare professionals for effective disaster response.

健康科学专业学生的备灾能力至关重要，但往往不足。本研究评估了灾害意识和减少影响教育干预在提高备灾能力方面的效果。研究采用了准实验性的单组前测后测设计，干预措施包括通过远程学习平台在四周内提供 16 小时的教育。研究涉及 599 名健康科学学院的学生，他们分别在基线和干预后三个月接受了评估。结果表明，学生的基线备灾水平较低，人口统计学特征、以往的灾难经历或之前的备灾培训与基线备灾水平之间没有发现明显的相关性。重复测量方差分析证实，在控制了基线防灾水平后，干预措施产生了重大影响。干预后，学生在所有备灾维度上都有了显著提高：灾害实物保护、灾害规划、灾害援助、灾害预警系统和总体备灾水平（p <.001）。最初备灾水平较低的学生的备灾水平提高幅度最大。这些发现强调了将备灾教育纳入健康科学课程的重要性，以更好地培养未来的医疗保健专业人员有效地应对灾害。

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引用次数: 0

A systemic approach for assessing infrastructure component importance in hazard-prone communities 评估易受灾社区基础设施组成部分重要性的系统方法

IF 4.2 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

International journal of disaster risk reduction

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104880

C. Nicholson , M.H. Tehrani , A. Ghasemkhani

Investing in pre-event disaster mitigation interventions for physical infrastructure, such as structural retrofits and enhancements, can be costly due to limited resources. To prioritize investments, infrastructure components are ranked by their criticality within the overall system. To be effective in real-world deployment, this approach must account for the complex interactions between components, as failures can occur simultaneously across large geographical areas due to the hazard footprint. As a result, hazard-specific uncertainties and spatial correlations may lead to distinctive failure patterns. In this study, we propose a novel data-driven framework leveraging Monte Carlo simulation, that harnesses the individual realizations to capture and model realistic component damage patterns under a specified hazard scenario. This framework addresses a gap in literature by moving beyond traditional methods that often treat component failures as independent events. By capturing the interdependence between bridges, primarily through failure interactions, and system-wide effects, our method provides a more comprehensive criticality assessment. The simulation data provides a foundation for the framework, which applies to a wide variety of infrastructure networks and performance metrics. To demonstrate the method's effectiveness, a simplified transportation network from Shelby County, TN subjected to an earthquake event is analyzed. The proposed framework provides an effective approach for component ranking, suitable for decision-making where human intuition and simple methods are insufficient. Its broad applicability suggests a potential for large-scale and interdependent network problems.

由于资源有限，投资于有形基础设施的灾前减灾干预措施（如结构改造和加固）可能成本高昂。为了确定投资的优先次序，基础设施的各个组成部分要根据其在整个系统中的重要性进行排序。要想在实际部署中行之有效，这种方法必须考虑到各组成部分之间复杂的相互作用，因为由于灾害足迹的影响，故障可能会在大片地理区域同时发生。因此，特定灾害的不确定性和空间相关性可能会导致独特的故障模式。在本研究中，我们提出了一种利用蒙特卡罗模拟的新型数据驱动框架，该框架利用单个变现来捕捉和模拟特定灾害情景下的实际组件损坏模式。该框架超越了通常将部件故障视为独立事件的传统方法，填补了文献空白。通过捕捉桥梁之间的相互依存关系（主要是通过故障相互作用）和全系统影响，我们的方法提供了更全面的临界度评估。模拟数据为该框架奠定了基础，该框架适用于各种基础设施网络和性能指标。为了证明该方法的有效性，我们分析了田纳西州谢尔比县受地震事件影响的简化交通网络。所提出的框架为构件排序提供了一种有效的方法，适用于人类直觉和简单方法不足的决策。其广泛的适用性表明，它具有解决大规模和相互依存的网络问题的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Developing a healthcare transformational leadership competency framework for disaster resilience and risk management 为抗灾和风险管理制定医疗保健转型领导能力框架

IF 4.2 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

International journal of disaster risk reduction

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104898

Heba Mohtady Ali , Jamie Ranse , Anne Roiko , Cheryl Desha

Climate change-induced hazards increasingly threaten healthcare systems worldwide, amplifying the frequency and severity of disasters and their adverse health effects. This necessitates fortified healthcare leadership and resilient systems capable of delivering quality care amidst escalating environmental challenges and emphasises the need for standardised competency frameworks to enhance disaster readiness and response. As healthcare organisations face evolving challenges, cultivating transformational leadership competencies becomes essential for building adaptive, resilient, and effective disaster management strategies.

Purpose

of this study: This conceptual paper addresses the research question: "How can healthcare leaders' competencies be developed to support healthcare disaster resilience?".

Methods

The study, conducted in 2023, used a narrative literature review, comparative analysis, and synthesis. It reviewed frameworks on transformational leadership and disaster resilience, employing comparative analysis to examine relationships and leadership competencies. A synthesized framework was developed to clarify dimensions and relationships.

Results

Eight ‘domains’ of competencies were identified, in addition to other ‘transferring skills.’ The domains were analysed regarding their component competencies and were broadly classified into knowledge, cognitive and interpersonal skills, and attitudes. This classification is proposed as a ‘Healthcare Transformational Leadership Competency Framework’ (HTLCF) for disaster resilience and risk management.

Conclusion

The HTLCF supports leaders in navigating complexities, anticipating risks, and facilitating collaboration, communication, and accountability, leveraging their transformative agency. This study suggests the use of the Healthcare Transformational Leadership Competency Framework to develop a standardised disaster management curriculum and continuous, ongoing training. This would equip leaders to enhance resilience and ensure coordinated, effective disaster responses for healthcare systems.

气候变化引发的灾害日益威胁着全球的医疗保健系统，增加了灾害的频率和严重程度，并对健康造成不利影响。这就需要强化医疗保健领导力和弹性系统，使其能够在不断升级的环境挑战中提供高质量的医疗保健服务，并强调需要标准化的能力框架来加强灾难准备和响应。随着医疗机构面临不断变化的挑战，培养变革型领导能力对于建立适应性强、复原力强和有效的灾害管理战略至关重要：本概念性论文探讨的研究问题是"本研究的目的：这篇概念性论文探讨的研究问题是："如何培养医疗保健领导者的能力，以支持医疗保健的抗灾能力？研究回顾了有关变革型领导力和抗灾能力的框架，并采用比较分析法研究了两者之间的关系和领导能力。除其他 "转移技能 "外，还确定了八个能力 "领域"。对这些领域的能力要素进行了分析，并将其大致分为知识、认知和人际交往技能以及态度。这一分类被建议作为抗灾和风险管理的 "医疗保健变革型领导能力框架"（HTLCF）。本研究建议使用医疗保健转型领导能力框架来开发标准化的灾害管理课程和持续不断的培训。这将使领导者具备增强应变能力的能力，并确保医疗保健系统采取协调、有效的灾难应对措施。

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引用次数: 0

Disaster debris management and the Maine floods of December 2023 灾害废墟管理与 2023 年 12 月的缅因州洪水

IF 4.2 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

International journal of disaster risk reduction

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104911

Julia Crowley

A major disaster declaration was granted to designated areas in Maine for a severe flood that occurred in December of 2023. The purpose of this research is to examine the disaster debris management in the preparedness, response, and recovery phases of the flood. A purposive sample of emergency management personnel who worked with the debris management participated in structured interviews. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded with NVivo software. Through the two-step process of open and focused coding, four themes were identified. These include debris management planning, resource constraints, home rule, and concerns over more extreme weather events. In several instances, resource constraints inhibited debris management planning opportunities. This research recommends that partnerships be developed between state and local emergency management agencies and academics to assist with grant writing to address resource constraints. Furthermore, coalitions of stakeholders with diverse backgrounds in debris management should be formed to develop guidelines to tailor debris management plans to a given area's needs. The growth in extreme weather events emphasizes the urgency in developing such debris management planning projects.

2023 年 12 月，缅因州的指定地区因发生严重洪灾而被宣布为重灾区。本研究旨在考察洪灾准备、响应和恢复阶段的灾难废墟管理情况。对从事废墟管理工作的应急管理人员进行了有目的的抽样调查，并进行了结构化访谈。访谈由 NVivo 软件记录、转录和编码。通过开放式编码和重点编码两个步骤，确定了四个主题。这些主题包括废墟管理规划、资源限制、地方自治以及对更多极端天气事件的担忧。在一些情况下，资源限制阻碍了碎片管理规划的机会。本研究建议州和地方应急管理机构与学术界建立合作关系，协助撰写拨款申请，以解决资源限制问题。此外，应成立由具有不同碎片管理背景的利益相关者组成的联盟，以制定指导方针，根据特定地区的需求制定碎片管理计划。极端天气事件的增加凸显了制定此类碎片管理规划项目的紧迫性。

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引用次数: 0

Integration of disaster risk reductionand climate change adaptation in Aceh: Progress and challenges after 20 Years of Indian Ocean Tsunamis 亚齐减少灾害风险与适应气候变化相结合：印度洋海啸 20 年后的进展与挑战

IF 4.2 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

International journal of disaster risk reduction

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104894

Sofyan Sufri , Jonatan Anderias Lassa

The Indian Ocean Tsunami (IOT) of 2004, which tragically claimed 168,000 lives and displaced about half a million people in the Aceh region of Indonesia, established Aceh's reputation as one of the most geologically volatile areas in Southeast Asia. Unfortunately, the 2004 IOT also altered some geomorphological changes, particularly land subsidence in the coastal areas of South, Southwest, and West Aceh, making these regions more susceptible to coastal floods and inundation over the last 20 years. The 2004 tsunamigenic earthquakes had been compounded by hydroclimatic hazards (and required to reduce risk beyond geological disasters) that continued to cause loss and damage, compromise communities' well-being, and reproduce vulnerabilities. This article examines the progress and challenges for integrating disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA) in Aceh, with a focus on the capital city, Banda Aceh using in-depth stakeholder interviews and document reviews. Anticipating gaps in meeting Sendai Framework 2030 target, as also observed elsewhere in Indonesia and Southeast Asia, the findings suggest various key challenges for the integration, including (1) fragmented DRR and CCA policies leading shaped the gap in coordination and collaboration among actors; (2) nurturing political commitment remains a challenge at local level; (3) lack of fiscal capacity and lack of earmarked allocation hampers the potential integration; (4) and deficits in community participation delayed adaptation and integration. The study offers recommendations for policy insights and consideration.

2004 年的印度洋海啸（IOT）造成印度尼西亚亚齐地区 16.8 万人丧生，约 50 万人流离失所的悲剧，使亚齐成为东南亚地质最不稳定的地区之一。不幸的是，2004 年的 IOT 还改变了一些地貌变化，特别是亚齐南部、西南部和西部沿海地区的土地下沉，使这些地区在过去 20 年中更容易遭受沿海洪水和淹没。2004 年的海啸引发的地震与水文气候灾害（需要减少地质灾害以外的风险）相辅相成，继续造成损失和破坏，损害了社区的福祉，并加剧了脆弱性。本文通过对利益相关者的深入访谈和文件审查，以首都班达亚齐为重点，探讨了亚齐在整合减少灾害风险（DRR）和适应气候变化（CCA）方面所取得的进展和面临的挑战。正如在印尼和东南亚其他地方观察到的那样，预计在实现《仙台框架》2030 年目标方面存在差距，研究结果提出了整合面临的各种关键挑战，包括：（1）分散的减灾和气候变化适应政策导致行动者之间在协调与合作方面存在差距；（2）在地方层面培养政治承诺仍是一项挑战；（3）缺乏财政能力和专项拨款阻碍了潜在的整合；（4）社区参与方面的不足延迟了适应和整合。本研究为政策见解和考虑提供了建议。

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引用次数: 0

Multisource geoscience data-driven framework for subsidence risk assessment in urban area 多源地球科学数据驱动的城市地区沉降风险评估框架

IF 4.2 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

International journal of disaster risk reduction

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104901

Yaozu Qin , Li Cao , Shimin Li , Fawang Ye , Ali Darvishi Boloorani , Zhaoxi Liang , Jun Huang , Guofeng Liu

Land subsidence, especially in developed cities, poses significant risks to human life, social property, and urban sustainability. Taking Liwan District in southern China as an example, this study proposed an acceptable framework for regional land subsidence risk assessment while complying with current national assessment system. With integrating the multi-source geospatial data from remote sensing and various geology surveys into ArcGIS, the subsidence risk assessment was carried out based on the subsidence susceptibility mapping, hazard and vulnerability surveying by using a series of data-driven methods. The results showed that, (i) although not all surface deformations detected by InSAR technology were caused by subsidence, they were instrumental in updating subsidence records; (ii) with the help of spatial correlation analysis using weight evidence as well as multi-source data fusion in high spatial resolution, the Random Forest-based classification models effectively identified the land use types and accurately mapped the land subsidence susceptibility; (iii) the hazard and vulnerability surveying based on a series of newly developed combined weight methods, improved the reliability of risk assessment; (iv) the extremely high- and high-risk areas from the zoning of the land subsidence, provided target areas for further management and prevention of land subsidence. This comprehensive and quantitative assessment framework highlights the need for continued monitoring in subsidence-prone regions, helping to propose strategies for risk mitigation and adaptive planning in urban areas.

土地沉降，尤其是发达城市的土地沉降，对人类生命、社会财产和城市可持续发展构成重大风险。本研究以华南地区荔湾区为例，在符合国家现行评估体系的前提下，提出了可接受的区域土地沉陷风险评估框架。通过将遥感和各种地质调查的多源地理空间数据集成到 ArcGIS 中，利用一系列数据驱动方法，在沉陷易感性绘图、危险性和脆弱性调查的基础上开展了沉陷风险评估。结果表明：(i) 尽管 InSAR 技术探测到的地表变形并非都是由沉降引起的，但它们有助于更新沉降记录；(ii) 借助权重证据的空间关联分析以及高空间分辨率的多源数据融合，基于随机森林的分类模型有效识别了土地利用类型，并准确绘制了土地沉降易感性图；(iii)基于一系列新开发的组合权重方法的危险性和脆弱性调查，提高了风险评估的可靠性；(iv)从土地塌陷区划中划分出的极高风险区和高风险区，为进一步管理和预防土地塌陷提供了目标区域。这一全面的定量评估框架凸显了对地表沉降易发区域进行持续监测的必要性，有助于提出城市地区风险缓解和适应性规划的策略。

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引用次数: 0

An intervention study of adopting a health action model to improve the effectiveness of disaster prevention learning of preschool senior class students 采用健康行动模式提高学前教育高年级学生防灾学习效果的干预研究

IF 4.2 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

International journal of disaster risk reduction

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104872

Wei Hsiang Huang , Hui Ling Chen , Chieh Hsing Liu

This study investigates the effect of adopting the health action model (HAM) to improve disaster prevention learning among preschool senior class students. A quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-tests was used to track the extended effects. Convenient sampling selected 60 senior-class students from a private preschool in New Taipei City, divided into experimental and control groups. The HAM was incorporated into 5 earthquake prevention lessons. The effectiveness was assessed using a Checklist of Earthquake-Prevention Learning Effectiveness, analyzed by generalized estimating equations. Results showed significant positive effects of the intervention on earthquake-prevention knowledge (post-test: B = 0.41, p < .001; follow-up test: B = 0.23, p = .001), attitudes (post-test: B = 0.91, p < .001; follow-up test: B = 0.97, p < .001), skills (post-test: B = 1.10, p < .001; follow-up test: B = 1.09, p < .001), intentions (post-test: B = 0.88, p < .001; follow-up test: B = 0.85, p = .001), and behaviors (post-test: B = 0.71, p < .001; follow-up test: B = 0.61, p < .001), with effects lasting for at least 5 weeks. These findings suggest that the intervention significantly enhances earthquake-prevention knowledge, attitudes, skills, intentions, and behaviors, and can serve as a reference for designing preschool earthquake-prevention courses.

本研究探讨了采用健康行动模式（HAM）提高学前教育高年级学生防灾学习效果的问题。研究采用前测和后测的准实验设计来追踪扩展效果。研究从新北市一所私立幼儿园的高年级学生中抽取了 60 名学生，分为实验组和对照组。在 5 节防震课中加入了 HAM。干预效果采用 "防震学习效果检查表 "进行评估，并通过广义估计方程进行分析。结果显示，干预对地震预防知识（后测：B = 0.41，p < .001；跟踪测试：B = 0.23，p = .001）、态度（后测：B = 0.91，p < .001；跟踪测试：B = 0.97，p < .001）、技能（后测：B = 1.10, p < .001; 跟踪测试：B = 1.09, p < .001）、意向（后测：B = 0.88, p < .001; 跟踪测试：B = 0.85, p = .001）和行为（后测：B = 0.71, p < .001; 跟踪测试：B = 0.61, p < .001），效果至少持续 5 周。这些研究结果表明，该干预措施能明显提高学生的防震知识、态度、技能、意向和行为，可作为设计学前防震课程的参考。

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引用次数: 0

Predictors of risk reduction behavior: Evidence in last-mile communities 减少风险行为的预测因素：最后一英里社区的证据

IF 4.2 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

International journal of disaster risk reduction

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104875

Rhomir S. Yanquiling

Despite extensive research using Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) to analyze factors influencing protective behaviors during disasters, understanding how last-mile communities in vulnerable contexts—particularly in the Philippines—respond to early warning messages remains limited. This understanding is crucial, as these communities often bear the brunt of extreme weather events. Drawing data from surveys and semi-structured interviews, this study examined the predictors of risk reduction behaviors before and after Super Typhoon Mangkhut in two last-mile communities in Northern Philippines — Cabalitian and Mapita. Regression analysis demonstrated that all threat appraisal variables—perceived vulnerability, perceived severity, and fear—are predictors of risk reduction behaviors before Mangkhut. Coping appraisal variables, specifically response efficacy and self-efficacy, also positively influenced risk reduction action before Mangkhut. Among socio-demographic variables, only gender and age are predictors of risk reduction behaviors, with their influence varying between the two communities. Expanding the application of PMT, prior typhoon experience, trust, and social network strength also positively and significantly influenced risk reduction behaviors before and after Mangkhut. The study identified key infrastructural, institutional, and operational interventions to enhance coping capacity and reduce vulnerability in these communities, alongside policy implications to inform disaster risk reduction strategies and empower local preparedness efforts.

尽管利用保护动机理论（PMT）对灾害期间影响保护行为的因素进行了广泛研究，但人们对脆弱环境中最后一英里社区（尤其是菲律宾）如何响应预警信息的了解仍然有限。这种了解至关重要，因为这些社区往往在极端天气事件中首当其冲。本研究通过调查和半结构式访谈获取数据，研究了菲律宾北部两个 "最后一英里 "社区--卡巴利蒂安和马皮塔--在超强台风 "山竹 "前后降低风险行为的预测因素。回归分析表明，所有威胁评估变量--感知脆弱性、感知严重性和恐惧--都是 "曼克胡特 "台风来临前降低风险行为的预测因素。应对评估变量，特别是反应效能和自我效能，也对 "曼格侯 "飓风来临前的降低风险行为有积极影响。在社会人口变量中，只有性别和年龄是预测降低风险行为的因素，这两个变量对两个社区的影响各不相同。扩大 PMT 的应用范围，先前的台风经验、信任和社会网络强度也对 "桑吉 "前后的风险降低行为产生了显著的积极影响。该研究确定了关键的基础设施、制度和操作干预措施，以提高这些社区的应对能力并降低其脆弱性，同时还确定了政策影响，以便为减少灾害风险战略提供信息并增强地方备灾工作的能力。

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引用次数: 0

Quantitative risk assessment for overtopping of earth-fill dams in Japan using machine learning algorithms 利用机器学习算法对日本堆土坝翻坝进行定量风险评估

IF 4.2 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

International journal of disaster risk reduction

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104892

Shiying Zheng, Shin-ichi Nishimura, Toshifumi Shibata, Yimeng Chen

Earth-fill dams serve as crucial agricultural structures in Japan and act as buffers against flooding. However, their failure often tends to cause even greater downstream damage. Consequently, there is an urgent need for a quantitative assessment of the risks to earth-fill dams posed by disasters. The current detailed method of assessment is complicated, labour-intensive, and costly; hence, constructing risk surrogate models will greatly reduce the workload. This study employs two machine learning methods, GPR (Gaussian Process Regression) and XGBoost (eXtreme Gradient Boost), to develop surrogate models for assessing the damage cost and overtopping probability for 70 earth-fill dams in Okayama and Hiroshima prefectures, Japan. The predictive performance of each model was quantified by comparing the results against those of the detailed method. From the results, XGBoost demonstrates superior performance compared to GPR based on the comparison of coefficient of determination (R²) and root mean square error (RMSE). To clarify the extent to which the variables influence the XGBoost model, the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) algorithm was implemented. It offers an efficient and interpretable avenue for earth-fill dam risk assessments.

填土大坝是日本重要的农业结构，也是洪水的缓冲区。然而，它们的溃坝往往会对下游造成更大的破坏。因此，迫切需要对灾害给土坝带来的风险进行定量评估。目前的详细评估方法复杂、劳动密集且成本高昂，因此，构建风险替代模型将大大减少工作量。本研究采用 GPR（高斯过程回归）和 XGBoost（极端梯度提升）两种机器学习方法，为日本冈山县和广岛县的 70 座土填坝开发了用于评估损害成本和翻坝概率的代用模型。通过与详细方法的结果进行比较，对每个模型的预测性能进行了量化。从结果来看，根据判定系数 (R2) 和均方根误差 (RMSE) 的比较，XGBoost 的性能优于 GPR。为了明确变量对 XGBoost 模型的影响程度，采用了 SHapley Additive exPlanations（SHAP）算法。该算法为土坝风险评估提供了一个高效且可解释的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Seismic performance and recovery of medical infrastructure in Mexico City related to the September 19, 1985 and 2017 earthquakes 墨西哥城医疗基础设施在 1985 年 9 月 19 日和 2017 年地震中的抗震性能和恢复情况

IF 4.2 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

International journal of disaster risk reduction

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104886

Arturo Tena-Colunga

To date, the September 19, 1985 Michoacán (M_s = 8.1) and the September 19, 2017 Puebla-Morelos (M_w = 7.1) earthquakes have been the most devastating seismic events in Mexico City. During the 1985 earthquake, 13 important public hospital buildings collapsed or were demolished and 5800 hospital beds were lost. During the 2017 earthquake, 85 buildings of the medical sector were disturbed, two major public hospital were demolished and 1147 hospital beds were affected. In this paper, the author concentrates both in reviewing what occurred during the 1985 earthquake, and in reporting what it has been observed for the 2017 earthquake. From the structural viewpoint, the observed damage is discussed in relationships to: a) seismic codes, b) spectral demands, b) structural irregularities, c) soil settlements, d) tilting, e) structural pounding and, f) deterioration. The observed damaged inventory is also put into perspective with respect to the approximate number of medical facilities that are available in Mexico City. An instantaneous drop of seismic resilience for this sector is crudely assessed. Finally, the progress on the recovery process or adaptive resilience is discussed. Fortunately, most of the main hospitals in Mexico City were not severely damaged, and that it was why most of them and the hospital bed capacity in Mexico City previous to the 2017 earthquake was able to be recovered on time to attend the Covid-19 pandemic which affected Mexico since early 2020.

迄今为止，1985 年 9 月 19 日米却肯州地震（Ms = 8.1）和 2017 年 9 月 19 日普埃布拉-莫雷洛斯州地震（Mw = 7.1）是墨西哥城破坏性最大的地震事件。在 1985 年的地震中，13 座重要的公立医院建筑倒塌或被拆除，损失了 5800 张病床。在 2017 年的地震中，医疗部门的 85 栋建筑受到干扰，两家大型公立医院被拆除，1147 张病床受到影响。在本文中，作者既集中回顾了 1985 年地震中发生的情况，也报告了 2017 年地震中观察到的情况。从结构的角度来看，所观察到的破坏与以下方面的关系进行了讨论：a) 地震规范；b) 频谱需求；b) 结构不规则性；c) 土壤沉降；d) 倾斜；e) 结构冲击；f) 退化。观察到的受损建筑物数量还与墨西哥城现有医疗设施的大致数量相关。对该部门抗震能力的瞬时下降进行了粗略评估。最后，讨论了恢复过程或适应性恢复能力的进展情况。幸运的是，墨西哥城的大多数主要医院都没有受到严重破坏，这也是为什么在 2017 年地震之前，墨西哥城的大多数医院和病床容量都能及时恢复，以应对自 2020 年初开始影响墨西哥的 Covid-19 大流行病。

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引用次数: 0