International journal of disaster risk reduction最新文献

{"title":"The effects of COVID-19 on the construction sector: Before and after","authors":"Ozge Alboga ,&nbsp;Gözde Tantekin-Çelik ,&nbsp;Buse Un ,&nbsp;Serkan Aydınlı ,&nbsp;Ercan Erdiş","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study focuses on the occupational and chronic diseases, symptoms, and impacts among construction workers both before and after the COVID-19 pandemic period. The study also examines the relationship between construction workers' work, family and life satisfaction, and their work productivity during this period. In order to achieve this objective, a questionnaire was administered to 150 construction site workers. Although no occupational diseases were officially diagnosed as a result of the study, it was determined that many workers had chronic conditions such as respiratory, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and eye diseases, as well as psychological disorders, and that the severity of these conditions increased post-pandemic. In addition to this finding, a positive correlation was found between overall employment duration and disease severity. These findings suggest that the immune systems of workers who are exposed to harsh and hazardous construction site conditions for extended periods are negatively affected, and as a result of occupational deformation, their bodies' responses to diseases are adverse or severe. Furthermore, symptoms of the COVID-19 were categorized into four distinct groups: upper respiratory tract infections, viral infections, impairment in cognitive functions, and psychiatric disorders. The consequences of the disease were also analyzed under two overarching categories: upper respiratory tract infections and cognitive function impairment. The findings indicate a decline in job satisfaction, family relationships, and overall life satisfaction among workers. The study provides recommendations for employers to implement more effective pandemic management concerning worker health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 105278"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professionalism during an emergency: Roles and experiences of community pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic in Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"Rukeme Joshua Ogigirigi ,&nbsp;Christabel Ihedike ,&nbsp;Elliot Mbeta ,&nbsp;Kareem Thomson ,&nbsp;AbdulLateef Siyaka ,&nbsp;Mselenge Mdegela","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lagos, the largest cosmopolitan state in Nigeria, was disproportionately affected by COVID-19, harbouring 39.1 % of all confirmed cases and the highest number of deaths in the country. Community pharmacists played a significant role in the emergency response to the pandemic. However, their professionalism, perception of roles, enablers, and barriers to emergency response have yet to be fully explored. We aimed to explore the community pharmacists' professionalism and experiences on emergency response during the COVID-19 pandemic in Lagos, Nigeria. We conducted a qualitative study using online semi-structured 30- to 45-min interviews in June 2023. We performed a thematic data analysis to identify key themes and patterns. Data saturation was reached at eight participants. Community pharmacists were in most cases the first point of contact by the local communities in seeking information about the disease, first aid or other health services related to COVID-19. Community pharmacists provided health education, vaccination advocacy, counselling to allay public anxiety, administered first aid to patients suspected of COVID-19, and referred them to healthcare facilities. The identified barriers to effective emergency response include the lack of recognition and integration of community pharmacists by the local and national authorities, the lack and/or delay of COVID-19 guidelines, and the lack of clear definition of roles and scope of practice. The study underscores the importance of recognising and harnessing existing systems, both formal and informal, operating in a particular community for a robust response during an emergency to mitigate its impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 105282"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vulnerability assessment of disaster chains: A case study of rainstorm–landslide disaster chains in the Greater Bay Area","authors":"Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Yue Song ,&nbsp;Li Huang ,&nbsp;Yuxin Shi ,&nbsp;Chenyu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Considering the triggering and superposition effects of disaster chains and the different characteristics of each dimension of vulnerability assessment, a disaster chain vulnerability assessment model was established and constructed from three aspects, namely, the sensitivity of the disaster-prone environment, the exposure of disaster-bearing bodies, and the adaptability of the disaster chain. The sensitivity was calculated based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a coupling model of a parameter optimal geographical detector and analytic hierarchy process (OPGD-AHP). The exposure degree was evaluated via the sequential relationships-TOPSIS method. The adaptability of the proposed method was assessed according to the entropy weighting-TOPSIS approach. In addition, ArcGIS technology was used for vulnerability assessment and vulnerability zonation. The rainstorm–landslide disaster chain in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) was employed as an example for empirical analysis. The results revealed that the rainstorm–landslide disaster chain in the GBA exhibited the following distribution characteristics: high- and secondary high-vulnerability areas (the vulnerability index was between 0.776 and 1.000) in the northwestern, northeastern, and southeastern regions and low- and secondary low-vulnerability areas (the vulnerability index was less than 0.726) in the central, south-central, and eastern regions. With gradual transmission, the disaster chain has the phenomenon of increasing loss and decreasing probability, that is, the phenomenon of \"small probability, enormous risk\". There were not only overlapping relationships between single disaster types and high-vulnerability areas in the disaster chain but also triggering and synergistic effects. There is also a clear synergistic effect among the low-vulnerability areas. The results of the disaster chain assessment are more consistent with the actual situation than the results of single-disaster models are.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 105272"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evacuation time estimates for life safety in Tsunami hazards","authors":"Chenqiang Liu,&nbsp;Brian M. Staes,&nbsp;Haizhong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many coastal communities around the world are threatened by a near-field (or local) tsunami that could inundate the low-lying areas in a matter of minutes after generation. The universal consensus amongst emergency agencies and academic researchers is that a safe evacuation requires an effective response, which is typically assessed by the evacuation time estimate (ETE). ETE is an integral component of community emergency evacuation planning, especially areas prone to tsunamis. This paper aims to investigate the ETE for pedestrian evacuation during a tsunami through two different approaches: (1) the deterministic Least-Cost Distance (LCD) model; and (2) the dynamic Agent-Based Model (ABM). Then, the comparison of the two models in their intrinsic characteristics, strengths and weaknesses, and its applicability was discussed based on methodology behind of the LCD model and ABM. The LCD model was conducted to generate a spatially distributed ETE map, visualizing vulnerable areas where the evacuation time would be insufficient for individuals to reach safety. The ABM investigated uncertainty during tsunami evacuations, such as population distribution, walking speed, and milling time. This paper provides insights into the differences between the LCD model and ABM in terms of methodology and application. It assists the academic researchers and emergency managers, evacuation planners, and decision makers to choose an appropriate method for modeling pedestrian evacuation during tsunami.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 105237"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using a table-top exercise to identify communication-related vulnerability to disasters","authors":"Sten Torpan ,&nbsp;Kati Orru ,&nbsp;Sten Hansson ,&nbsp;Margo Klaos","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During emergencies, people may become more vulnerable due to difficulties with accessing and understanding crisis information and may react inadequately to hazards due to being exposed to false information. In this article, we explore how table-top exercises can be used as part of vulnerability assessment to systematically identify a range of barriers to disaster communication that may put people at risk. We conducted a table-top exercise with disaster risk management practitioners, using a complex crisis scenario that included hazards arising from severe weather, disruptions of vital services, and the diffusion of harmful false information about the crisis. The participants were provided with specialised questionnaires, assessment tables that structured and facilitated the process of identifying vulnerable groups and the causes of their vulnerability throughout the exercise. The results suggest that the proposed table-top exercise format helps to foresee potential barriers to accessing crisis information and uncover capacity gaps within the authorities responsible for communication management during a disaster.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 105264"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How do social capital legacies mobilise during the COVID-19 pandemic? ‘Stay home’ experiences of government school teachers in the Rathnapura administrative district, Sri Lanka","authors":"Ananda Y. Karunarathne","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A growing body of research has focused on the role of social capital in disaster risk reduction among disaster-impacted communities. However, there is limited research in the existing literature on the contribution of social capital in mitigating the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in relation to the experiences of geographically diverse areas. This study aims to address this important gap by investigating social capital mobilization among government school teachers from different geographical settings and across various age groups. Additionally, examining the challenges faced by a country's school system during the COVID-19 lockdown will contribute new insights to the existing literature and offer significant implications. The primary objective of this research is to explore the mobilisation of bonding, bridging, and linking social capital legacies among government school teachers in different geographical settings in Sri Lanka, during the COVID-19 lockdown. In terms of methodology, the study draws on both empirical and secondary data to address the research questions. Secondary data were collected from sources such as government publications, online COVID-19 databases (e.g., Worldometers), and GIS layers for mapping purposes. Empirical data was gathered from 136 respondents (government school teachers) who attended School Development Committee workshops, organised by the Provincial Education Department of Sabaragamuwa, between August 2020 and October 2020. The study employed a mixed research method approach. For instance, data collected through a questionnaire survey were analysed, using the Likert scale, a psychometric tool used to assess teachers' levels of agreement or disagreement on the mobilisation of social capital during the pandemic. Additionally, the respondents' qualitative statements about their experiences were analysed. The findings reveal notable differences in social capital mobilisation across different age groups of teachers. In particular, senior teachers mobilised significantly more resources than their younger counterparts. Similar patterns were observed in areas such as trust, being trusted, network support, helping others, provision of food, and emotional support. These mobilizations played a crucial role in revitalising the COVID-19 affected livelihoods and enhancing resilience. The findings of this study may provide valuable lessons and policy implications by illustrating how social capital legacies were mobilised during the COVID-19 pandemic across various age groups and geographical contexts, even in the face of significant challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 105276"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143292717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the economic effects of market fire disasters on businesses in Ghana","authors":"Prince George Aning-Agyei ,&nbsp;Millicent Abigail Aning-Agyei ,&nbsp;Brempong Osei-Tutu ,&nbsp;Stephen Bugu Kendie","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Market fire disasters are quite widespread in Ghana and have destroyed physical infrastructure, productive assets and sources of livelihood with a massive debilitating impact on business performance. Between 2012 and 2013, Ghana recorded over 10 major market fire disasters. However, there were no concerted efforts to ascertain the extent of economic losses to the affected businesses. The study was underpinned by the pragmatist's research philosophy and mixed-methods research design. This study assessed the economic effect of market fire disasters on victims in Ghana. Simple random sampling technique was used to sample 436 respondents from 12,933 market fire victims from Makola, Kantamanto and Kumasi Central markets, purposive sampling was used to select three (3) management representatives of the markets. Questionnaire and interview guide were used as instruments for gathering data. Wilcoxon Signed Rank test and Kruskal Wallis H test were used to assess the economic effects of market fire disasters on traders. The average financial worth of goods lost by the market fire victims to the fires was GH'17,500. Business operations were halted for an average of 90 days. The average daily sales of the market fire victims were reduced by 73.3 %, daily profit reduced by 74.1 %, working capital shrunk by 61.1 % and employed dropped by 50.1 %. The study concluded that market fire disasters have a significant impact on business operations and performance and, as such, critical efforts should be made to stem their recurrence. It is recommended that the government should establish a disaster management fund to support affected businesses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 105274"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic resilience of regions within the global supply network in the aftermath of disaster: A case study of Typhoon Mangkhut","authors":"Zhixiao Zou ,&nbsp;Changxiu Cheng ,&nbsp;Zhilin Song ,&nbsp;Xudong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As disasters increase in frequency and intensity, assessing regional economic resilience has become increasingly crucial. Traditional methods based on weight-related indicators are not robust in capturing the complexities of post-disaster cascading effects. To address this gap, we combine the Acclimate model with a newly developed index to evaluate the economic resilience of regions in the interconnected economic network, which can simulate the recovery of regional economies in the aftermath of disasters. We employ Typhoon Mangkhut as a case study and show that it led to direct economic losses of $2.1 billion in China and a total global production loss of $10.5 billion, nearly five times the direct loss. Regions with higher economic resilience were predominantly located in China's Yangtze River Delta and along the East China Sea coast, while lower resilience regions were in China's northwestern and central areas. In the global economic network, regions with low resilience are those closely linked to China but do not serve core nodes in trade networks. Conversely, developed economies in Europe and East Asia that feature close economic ties with China are revealed to have high economic resilience, mainly because these countries are highly integrated into the global economic network and can shift trade connections to other economic partners. For the United States as another gigantic economy, eastern coastal regions demonstrate greater resilience than central and northern areas due to diversified trade networks. This study reveals the economic resilience of global economic networks after disasters, thereby supporting disaster risk management and regional governance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 105275"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing evacuation paths using agent-based evacuation simulations and reinforcement learning","authors":"Tomoyuki Takabatake,&nbsp;Keito Asai,&nbsp;Hiroki Kakuta,&nbsp;Nanami Hasegawa","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.105173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.105173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evacuation path optimization during major flooding events is crucial for minimizing casualties. Notably, recent studies have underscored the importance of considering multiple factors, such as inundation timing, road congestion, and evacuation destination capacities, during path optimization for effective flood evacuation planning. Drawing insights from these studies, the present study developed a novel methodology to optimize evacuation paths for individual evacuees by integrating agent-based tsunami evacuation simulations with Q-learning, a well-known reinforcement learning technique. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology was tested in a tsunami-prone coastal area. Furthermore, to comprehensively assess the performance of the methodology under varying conditions, several scenarios with diverse reward settings and evacuation start times (5, 10, and 15 min after the earthquake) were simulated. The results demonstrated that the proposed methodology significantly reduced the number of casualties by dispersing evacuees across wide areas, alleviating road congestion, and guiding evacuees toward evacuation destinations with adequate capacity. Notably, when rewards for reaching evacuation destinations were set significantly higher than typical inundation times, and differences in inundation onset times between nodes were integrated into reward calculations, the proposed methodology achieved mortality rate reductions of approximately 60 % compared to the traditional shortest-path methodology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 105173"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trusted intermediaries? The role of diasporas in humanitarian assistance","authors":"Alan Gamlen,&nbsp;Anurug Chakma","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article explores the role of diasporas in humanitarian aid, focusing on their contributions and challenges during humanitarian crises such as natural disasters, economic collapse, and political conflicts. Utilizing data from the <em>Diaspora Humanitarians</em> project, it identifies seven key features of diaspora humanitarianism: <em>under-resourcing</em>, <em>volunteering</em>, <em>commitment</em>, <em>access</em>, <em>needs assessment</em>, <em>partiality</em>, and <em>political divisions</em>. While differing from traditional principles such as <em>neutrality</em> and <em>impartiality</em>, in some cases diaspora humanitarianism may bring unique strengths, including deep emotional ties and superior access to crisis zones. Despite being perceived as under-resourced, diaspora groups generate substantial remittances, often exceeding official aid. However, their reliance on volunteers and personal connections can result in partiality and political fragmentation. Drawing on insights from two types of case studies—man-made crises (Afghanistan and Myanmar) and natural disasters (Nepal and Tonga), this study suggests that collaboration between diaspora and mainstream humanitarian actors can enhance the trustworthiness and efficiency of aid efforts. Such partnerships can address the resource limitations of diaspora groups while utilizing their strong community bonds and rapid response capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 105212"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}