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Land Value Capture and Transit Oriented Development (TOD): A Comparative Review of Indian TOD Policies Measures 土地价值获取与交通导向开发:印度TOD政策措施的比较研究
Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.35940/ijmh.g1448.038722
S. Kapoor, Dr.Tejwant Singh Brar
Several Indian metropolitan cities are willing to adopt and explore various methods to implement transit-oriented development (TOD) around their transit stations to reverse the ongoing trend of automobile-oriented urbanization. Implementation of development-based Land value capture (LVC) schemes in emerging middle-income countries asks to understand and adapt to locally-specific favorable macro conditions such as rising real-estate incomes, increasing automobile dependency, and traffic congestion which all together endow to appreciate land values near transit stations or corridors. This paper identifies enabling TOD linked factors and indicators to measure them besides transit investment that may influence Development-based LVC mechanism and TOD based investment in transit station areas or corridors. To achieve the desired study goal, this study identified 13 indicators directly related with six TOD dimensions to evaluate Indian TOD policies formulated at various levels. By doing so, it will determine new innovative funding opportunities available to implement and integrate lacking land-use and transit planning mechanisms and proposing a land-value capture strategy with lacking a clear framework for Indian cities. The study revealed that population densities, particularly employment densities, length of blocks and intersection intensities, electric charging stations, multimodal integration and smart apps provision are largely lacking in the most Indian TOD policies framed. The current ongoing TOD policy formulation is only limited to increase densification by permitting higher than permissible Floor Area Ratio (FAR), providing parking facility and its management, and allowing land-use mix.
印度的一些大城市愿意采用和探索各种方法,在其交通站点周围实施以交通为导向的发展(TOD),以扭转目前以汽车为导向的城市化趋势。在新兴中等收入国家实施以发展为基础的土地价值获取(LVC)计划要求了解和适应当地特定的有利宏观条件,如房地产收入增加、对汽车的依赖增加和交通拥堵,这些因素共同促成了中转站或走廊附近土地价值的升值。除了交通投资之外,本文还确定了能够影响基于发展的LVC机制和基于交通站点区域或走廊的TOD投资的与TOD相关的因素和指标。为了达到预期的研究目标,本研究确定了与六个TOD维度直接相关的13个指标,以评估印度各级制定的TOD政策。通过这样做,它将确定新的创新供资机会,以执行和整合缺乏土地使用和过境规划机制,并为印度城市提出缺乏明确框架的土地价值获取战略。研究显示,在大多数印度TOD政策框架中,人口密度,特别是就业密度,街区长度和十字路口强度,充电站,多模式整合和智能应用程序的提供在很大程度上是缺乏的。目前正在进行的TOD政策制定仅限于通过允许高于允许容积率(FAR),提供停车设施及其管理以及允许土地使用组合来增加密度。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Operational Constraints on Quality and Productivity of Handloom Products 操作约束对手摇织机产品质量和生产率的影响
Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.35940/ijmh.g1453.038722
Vijaya Bharathi Gali, K. Anjaneyulu
The handloom industry is India’s largest cottage industry representing and preserving the vibrant and beautiful Indian culture and traditions. Indian artists are now known worldwide for their spinning weaving and hand-printing techniques. The handicraft industry is the second-largest source of employment in the country after agriculture. It employs 12.5 million people and is the largest supplier to rural businesses outside of agriculture. The success or failure of the handloom industry largely depend on the quality in this competitive world. The quality and the quantity of the handloom products purely derive from operational constraints which were adopted. The present study aimed to identify the impact of operational constraints like raw material availability, credit facility, functioning, and welfare constraints on the quality and productivity of handlooms in the Kadapa district. The data were collected from a total of 120 weaver entrepreneurs operating in different locations of the Kadapa district. A stratified random sampling technique has been adopted for the sample responses collection. Suitable tools like multivariate multiple regression with structural analysis were carried out to analyze and interpret the data. The study results revealed that all the four operational constraints like raw material availability, credit facility, functioning, and welfare constraints were positively and significantly influencing the quality of the handloom products. These operational constraints also influence the productivity of handlooms positively and significantly. A total of eight hypotheses were formulated with the support of the literature and all are supported. The raw material was found as an important predictor of the quality and productivity of the handloom products as it captured the maximum level of influence than other parameters.
手工纺织业是印度最大的家庭手工业,代表并保存着充满活力和美丽的印度文化和传统。印度艺术家现在以他们的纺纱编织和手工印刷技术而闻名于世。手工业是该国仅次于农业的第二大就业来源。它雇佣了1250万人,是农业以外农村企业的最大供应商。在这个竞争激烈的世界里,手摇织机行业的成败很大程度上取决于质量。手织机产品的质量和数量完全取决于所采用的操作约束。本研究旨在确定诸如原材料供应、信贷便利、运作和福利限制等业务限制因素对Kadapa地区手织机质量和生产率的影响。这些数据是从Kadapa地区不同地点的总共120名纺织企业家那里收集的。样本响应的收集采用了分层随机抽样技术。采用多元多元回归和结构分析等合适的工具对数据进行分析和解释。研究结果显示,原料可得性、信贷便利、功能及福利约束等四项营运约束对手摇织机产品品质均有显著正向影响。这些操作限制也对手织机的生产率产生了积极而显著的影响。在文献的支持下,共制定了8个假设,所有假设都得到了支持。发现原料是手摇织机产品质量和生产率的重要预测因素,因为它比其他参数的影响程度最大。
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引用次数: 0
Barriers for Adoption of Integrated Project Delivery in Indian Construction Industry 印度建筑业采用一体化项目交付的障碍
Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.35940/ijmh.g1454.038722
Jaya Surya R, M. K. Kumar
The ever-changing nature of a construction project demands a management system that actively strives to minimize or eliminate the changes and updates from the start of a project. The approach to collaborate the primary participants of a project notably the client, designer, and builder is still lacking in the traditional construction processes. The use of an Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) process, rather than a traditional approach, provides an appropriate platform for the free flow of information between the stakeholders and to share the risk among all the stakeholders involved in the project. The early involvement and evaluation of the design and program of a project is an important advantage of the IPD process. This paper aims to study the concepts of IPD and the barriers to adopt the IPD in the Indian construction industry. Through literature review, data about the IPD, barriers for the adoption of IPD, and its comparison with other traditional project delivery processes is collected. The current practices and barriers in India are known from various stakeholders through a questionnaire survey. Data analysis is done using the data collected from the literature review and the questionnaire survey. This study highlights the issues in the implementation of IPD in the Indian construction industry. This study concluded that a cultural & behavioural shift is required in the Indian construction industry and also government should make a strong policy push for the successful implementation of IPD in India.
建设项目不断变化的本质要求管理系统从项目开始就积极努力减少或消除变化和更新。在传统的施工过程中,项目的主要参与者(特别是客户、设计师和建筑商)仍然缺乏合作的方法。综合项目交付(IPD)过程的使用,而不是传统的方法,为利益相关者之间的信息自由流动提供了一个适当的平台,并在项目中涉及的所有利益相关者之间分担风险。项目设计和方案的早期参与和评估是IPD过程的一个重要优势。本文旨在研究IPD的概念以及印度建筑业采用IPD的障碍。通过文献综述,收集了关于IPD的数据,采用IPD的障碍,以及与其他传统项目交付过程的比较。通过问卷调查,从各利益相关者那里了解到印度目前的做法和障碍。数据分析使用从文献综述和问卷调查中收集的数据。本研究强调了在印度建筑行业实施IPD的问题。这项研究的结论是,印度建筑业需要文化和行为的转变,政府也应该制定强有力的政策,推动IPD在印度的成功实施。
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引用次数: 0
Extramarital Affairs in Sikkim and their Causes: A Study with Emphasis on the Difference Between the Sexes 锡金地区的婚外情及其成因:以性别差异为重点的研究
Pub Date : 2022-01-30 DOI: 10.35940/ijmh.d1416.018622
Ruma Kundu, Kul Bahadur Chettri, Girijasankar Mallik
Collecting data for 240 individuals from rural and urban regions, this study examines the possible determinants of number of extramarital affairs (EMANO) in a hill state (Sikkim) in India. Using Poisson, Zero Inflated Poisson (ZIP) and instrumental variable Poisson (IV Poisson) model, this study found that income; financial satisfaction and marital satisfaction has positive and significant effect on number of extramarital affairs. Religiousness and same caste marriage reduce the chance of having EMANO significantly. This study also found that the relationship between the number of years married and EMANO are nonlinear and the tendency of having extramarital affairs reduces once the married life reached 12-13 years on average. Level of significance and importance of the variables on EMANO differs between male and female population.
本研究收集了来自农村和城市地区的240个人的数据,探讨了印度锡金山区婚外情(EMANO)数量的可能决定因素。运用泊松、零膨胀泊松(ZIP)和工具变量泊松(IV泊松)模型,研究发现收入;经济满意度和婚姻满意度对婚外情次数有显著的正向影响。宗教信仰和同种姓婚姻显著降低了患EMANO的几率。本研究还发现,结婚年数与EMANO之间呈非线性关系,当平均婚姻生活达到12-13年时,婚外情倾向降低。在男性和女性人群中,EMANO变量的显著性和重要性水平不同。
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引用次数: 1
An Impact of Default Risk and Promoters’ Holding on the Dividend Policy in the Firms in India: Evidence using Panel Data 违约风险和发起人持股对印度公司股利政策的影响:使用面板数据的证据
Pub Date : 2022-01-30 DOI: 10.35940/ijmh.f14200.018622
Venkata Mrudula Bhimavarapu, Jagjeevan Kanoujiya, Dr. Shailesh Rastogi
Dividends, as a policy is still a matter of debate. This situation is due to both, lack of consensus in the literature and self-evolution of corporate finance worldwide. Therefore, this study is an attempt to provide insights of the contemporary dividend policy and its driving forces. We collect the panel data from 78 non-financial Indian firms from BSE-100 (BSE-100 is a leading index of Indian companies by Bombay Stock Exchange) from 2015-2019. We decide to test how dividends are driven by default risk, ownership concentration (OC) and profitability of the firms. Profitability is used as moderator to the association of default risk with the dividends. We get startling evidence that OC and profitability do not influence the dividends policy in the firms in India. Default risk negatively impacts the dividends. However, the absolute value of the coefficient is too small and hence can be ignored. Furthermore, we find evidence that dividends are consistent despite the situation of profitability and OC. This finding is one of the main contributions of the study. We recommend to have differential voting rights (DVR) shares to cater to varying aspirations of different investors. Empirical evidence of findings of the study would be an eye-opener to the managers, which is one of the major implications of the current study. Additionally, change of the policies on the DVR shares is another major implication of the study.
分红作为一项政策,目前仍存在争议。造成这种情况的原因有两方面,一是文献缺乏共识,二是全球范围内企业融资的自我演化。因此,本研究试图提供当代股利政策及其驱动因素的见解。我们收集了2015-2019年BSE-100指数(BSE-100是孟买证券交易所印度公司的领先指数)中78家非金融印度公司的面板数据。我们决定检验违约风险、股权集中度(OC)和公司盈利能力如何驱动股息。盈利能力被用来调节违约风险与股息之间的关系。我们得到了令人吃惊的证据,证明股权结构和盈利能力并不影响印度公司的股息政策。违约风险对股息产生负面影响。但是,该系数的绝对值太小,可以忽略。此外,我们发现证据表明,无论盈利能力和OC的情况下,股息是一致的。这一发现是该研究的主要贡献之一。我们建议有差异投票权(DVR)的股票,以满足不同投资者的不同愿望。研究结果的经验证据将使管理者大开眼界,这是本研究的主要启示之一。此外,DVR股票政策的变化是本研究的另一个主要含义。
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引用次数: 1
Importance of Distributive Justice, Procedural Justice and Fairness in Workplace 分配公正、程序公正与工作场所公平的重要性
Pub Date : 2022-01-30 DOI: 10.35940/ijmh.f1419.018622
Shrusti Mulgund
Employees are an important asset to any organization. Their dedication, hard work and commitment play a vital part in the success of an organization. If employees are expected to give their best at work and be efficient at the optimum level, then they need to be treated fairly, equally and with respect. The main objective of this research is to study and understand Distributive Justice, Procedural Justice and Fairness at workplace and to study its impact on the efficiency of the employees. Distributive and Procedural Justice have an impact in all kinds of institutions, such as hospitals, educational institutions, factories etc. This study aims to cover all these areas under a single term of “workplace” which applies to all kind of institutions, organizations, corporations, etc. Analytical Research Design has been employed to carry out research in the present study with the help of secondary data. To understand Distributive Justice thoroughly, the researcher has explained different approaches to distributive justice, such as John Rawl’s Theory, Utilitarianism, Egalitarianism and Libertarianism. The four important pillars on which Procedural Justice is based are discussed in this study. The thin line that distinguishes distributive justice from procedural justice has been included in this research. The present study explains the importance of Fair treatment in the workplace and the behavioral attitude of employees towards unfair treatment. The difference between equity and equality in a workplace has been explained in the present study. The implication of distributive justice, procedural justice and fair treatment of employees at workplace has also been discussed by the researcher.
员工是任何组织的重要资产。他们的奉献精神、辛勤工作和承诺对一个组织的成功起着至关重要的作用。如果期望员工在工作中尽最大努力,在最佳水平上高效工作,那么他们就需要得到公平、平等和尊重的对待。本研究的主要目的是研究和理解工作场所的分配正义、程序正义和公平,并研究其对员工效率的影响。分配正义和程序正义对各种机构都有影响,如医院、教育机构、工厂等。本研究旨在将所有这些领域涵盖在一个单一的术语“工作场所”下,适用于所有类型的机构,组织,公司等。本研究采用分析研究设计,借助二手数据进行研究。为了彻底理解分配正义,研究者解释了不同的分配正义方法,如约翰·罗尔的理论、功利主义、平均主义和自由主义。本研究讨论了程序正义所依据的四个重要支柱。区分分配正义与程序正义的细线已纳入本研究。本研究解释了工作场所公平待遇的重要性以及员工对不公平待遇的行为态度。在本研究中解释了工作场所公平与平等之间的差异。研究人员还讨论了分配公正、程序公正和员工在工作场所的公平待遇的含义。
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引用次数: 1
An Overview on Internationalisation within the United Kingdom Higher Education 英国高等教育国际化概况
Pub Date : 2022-01-30 DOI: 10.35940/ijmh.f1423.018622
Emad Al-Mahdawi
This study aimed to analyse how the trend towards internationalisation for higher education has been constituted considering the perspectives of solidarity. Internationalisation is understood as integration among worldwide higher education institutions in the current scenario. Thus, the term does not conform to the definitions of globalisation as a phenomenon. The work discusses the process of the UK universities internationalisation and analyses how this process has occurred, where the internationalisation was the result of a formal policy of the institution or if, in reality, internationalisation was the result of actions predominantly determined by individuals. The paper explores internationalisation and Brexit with higher education in the United Kingdom. It focuses on the impacts of globalisation on universities caused by Brexit. It also emphasises the concepts such as internationalisation and mobility, globalisation and higher education and research, collaboration, and EU funding. The research results reduce the literature on the internationalisation of higher education, particularly the dynamics of the internationalisation of universities located in developing countries. The research also reveals and emphasises the internationalisation actions, that is, the importance of teachers, researchers and administrators as catalysts of this process. Therefore, universities should find new strategies for attracting more international students, effective digital media marketing, strongly branded marketing campaigns, and worldwide satellite campuses, resulting in significant changes.
本研究旨在从团结的角度分析高等教育国际化的趋势是如何形成的。在目前的情况下,国际化被理解为全球高等教育机构之间的整合。因此,这个术语不符合全球化作为一种现象的定义。这项工作讨论了英国大学国际化的过程,并分析了这一过程是如何发生的,国际化是机构正式政策的结果,还是在现实中,国际化是主要由个人决定的行动的结果。本文探讨了英国高等教育的国际化和脱欧问题。它侧重于英国脱欧对全球化对大学的影响。它还强调了诸如国际化和流动性、全球化和高等教育与研究、合作以及欧盟资助等概念。研究结果减少了关于高等教育国际化的文献,特别是发展中国家大学国际化的动态。研究还揭示并强调了国际化行动,即教师、研究人员和管理人员作为这一进程催化剂的重要性。因此,大学应该寻找新的策略来吸引更多的国际学生,有效的数字媒体营销,强有力的品牌营销活动,以及全球卫星校园,从而产生重大变化。
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引用次数: 0
The use of Mobile Phones in Strengthening Health and Demographic Data Collection by Community key Informants : Experiences from the Kintampo Health and Demographic Surveillance System 使用移动电话加强社区关键线人的健康和人口数据收集:来自金坦波健康和人口监测系统的经验
Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.35940/ijmh.a1387.126421
Edward Anane Apraku, Dr. Abubakari Sulemana, Francis Dzabeng, A. Q. Dadzie, Ernest Nettey, Gifty Fosuah Nuamah, Abukari Mahama, S. Afari-Asiedu, Emmanuel Mahama, Charles Zandoh, Dr. Kwaku Poku Asante, Prof. Seth Owusu-Agyei
Identification and reporting of vital events such as births and deaths remain a challenge within communities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). LMICs are recently experiencing high mobile phone penetration. This study, therefore, explored the feasibility of Community Key Informants (CKIs) using mobile phone technology to improve reporting of vital events at the community level. Sixty CKIs were purposively sampled from the Kintampo Health and Demographic Surveillance System (KHDSS) setting based on mobile phone ownership. CKIs were grouped into an intervention and a control group. The intervention arm was provided with mobile phone air time to report vital events that occurred in their communities. The control group used the routine system of reporting in the KHDSS. The number of vital events reported by CKIs increased at the end line compared to baseline: (pregnancy: 40.25% to 72.80%; birth: 56.52% to 69.80%; deaths: 33.33% to 68.60%). The time interval between event identification and reporting was much shorter for the intervention group at the end line compared to baseline: (Intervention: 95.06 days to 31.35 days, Control: 87.54 days to 80.57 days). This study demonstrated the feasibility of CKIs using a mobile phone in reporting vital events more timely and effectively.
确定和报告出生和死亡等重大事件仍然是中低收入国家社区面临的一项挑战。最近,低收入和中等收入国家的移动电话普及率很高。因此,本研究探讨了社区关键线人(CKIs)利用移动电话技术改善社区层面生命事件报告的可行性。以手机拥有率为基础,从金坦波健康和人口监测系统(KHDSS)中有目的地抽样了60个CKIs。CKIs被分为干预组和对照组。为干预组提供移动电话广播时间,以报告在其社区发生的重大事件。对照组采用KHDSS的常规报告系统。与基线相比,cki报告的生命事件数量在终点线增加:(妊娠:40.25%至72.80%;出生:56.52% ~ 69.80%;死亡率:33.33%至68.60%)。与基线相比,干预组在终点线的事件识别和报告时间间隔要短得多(干预:95.06天至31.35天,对照组:87.54天至80.57天)。本研究证明了cki使用手机更及时有效地报告生命事件的可行性。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Covid-19 on the Automobile and Allied Sectors 新冠肺炎疫情对汽车及相关行业的影响
Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.35940/ijmh.d1409.126421
Student Manmohan
This paper examines the impact of Covid-19 outbreak on the automobile and allied sector. The role of the automobile sector is significant in the overall economy in India. We have used event study methodology to capture the price impact on account of the Covid-19 outbreak. We found that automobile sector and allied sector have witness the negative impact on the event of the pandemic. We have presented the daily and period wise results to provide clear cut understanding about the impact of Covid-19 outbreak on the automobile and allied sectors. This paper contributes in the extreme event literature and help decision makers to hedge their position during the extreme events.
本文探讨了新冠肺炎疫情对汽车及相关行业的影响。汽车行业在印度整体经济中扮演着重要的角色。我们使用事件研究方法来捕捉Covid-19疫情对价格的影响。我们发现,汽车行业和相关行业见证了疫情对其的负面影响。我们提供了每日和阶段性的结果,以便清楚地了解新冠肺炎疫情对汽车及相关行业的影响。本文对极端事件文献有所贡献,有助于决策者在极端事件中对冲自己的头寸。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Motivation on Job Satisfaction with Commitment as Mediation Variable (Case Study on Online Driver Partner of Technology Companies in Ogan Ilir Regency) 动机对工作满意度的影响——以承诺为中介变量(以甘肃科技公司在线司机合伙人为例)
Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.35940/ijmh.b1404.126421
Denny Nabawi
This study aims to determine the effect of motivation on job satisfaction through commitment as a mediating variable on online driver partners of technology companies in Ogan Ilir Regency. The total population of the study was 412 people. The sampling method was simple random sampling with a total sample of 202 respondents. The data analysis technique used in this research is simple linear regression, multiple regression and Sobel test to answer the hypotheses in this study. The results showed that motivation had a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction of online drivers in Ogan Ilir Regency. Motivation has a positive and significant effect on online driver commitment in Ogan Ilir Regency. Commitment has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction of online drivers in Ogan Ilir Regency. Motivation has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction with commitment as a mediating variable on online drivers in Ogan Ilir Regency. Some alternative suggestions that can be implemented are the provision of incentives (bonuses, vouchers, coupons), gathering events with management and online driver partners as well as being more proactive in providing feedback regarding issues that become problems for online driver partners, both from the application system or problems that occured in the work place. Further researchers are advised to use other mediating variables to link the dependent and independent variables in order to enrich the substance of the research that has been carried out such as job involvement, job stress, compensation, leadership and performance.
本研究旨在通过承诺作为中介变量,确定动机对工作满意度的影响,并以Ogan Ilir Regency的科技公司在线司机伙伴为研究对象。该研究的总人数为412人。抽样方法为简单随机抽样,共抽样202人。本研究使用的数据分析技术是简单线性回归、多元回归和Sobel检验来回答本研究的假设。结果表明,动机对Ogan Ilir reggency网络司机的工作满意度有显著的正向影响。动机对Ogan Ilir Regency在线司机承诺有显著的正向影响。承诺对Ogan Ilir摄政王在线司机的工作满意度有显著的正向影响。动机对工作满意度有显著的正向影响,承诺作为中介变量。一些可以实施的替代建议是提供奖励(奖金、代金券、优惠券),与管理层和网约车合作伙伴聚集活动,以及更主动地对网约车合作伙伴遇到的问题提供反馈,无论是来自应用系统还是在工作场所发生的问题。为了丰富已经开展的研究的内容,建议进一步的研究者使用其他中介变量,如工作投入、工作压力、薪酬、领导力和绩效等,将因变量和自变量联系起来。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Management and Humanities
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