Olu ortu dokumu ve ayrismasi, besin maddelerinin toprak ustu ekosistemden toprak sistemine gecisini saglayan onemli bir surectir. Orman ekosisteminde uzun donem besin durumunun korunmasini saglar. Orman ekosistemlerinin saglikli isleyebilmesi icin, olu ortu dokumu ile toprak canlilari icin enerji ve besin girdisinin bilinmesi gerekmektedir. Ataturk Arboretumu’nda, saf ve karisik mese ve kayin mescerelerinde yurutulen bu calismanin amaci olu ortu dokumu ve bu yolla ekosisteme geri verilen besin madde miktarinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amac ile belirlenen calisma alanlarina olu ortu kapanlari kullanilmistir. Kapanlara dusen bitki kisimlari yaprak, dal ve diger kisimlar (palamut, cicek, kabuk vb,) olarak ayrilmistir. Orneklerde C, N, P, K, Ca, Na, Mg, Mn, Fe, Al, Zn, Pb, Ni ve Cu icerikleri belirlenmistir. Calismada her uc alanda da en yuksek olu ortu dokum miktari 2010 yilinda olculmustur. Toplam olu ortu dokumu ornekleme alanlarinda ortalama 3947-4578 (kg/ha) olarak bulunmustur. Dokumle gelen yaprak miktari ortalama olarak mese, kayin ve mese-kayin alanlarinda sirasi ile %86, %62 ve %75 oldugu bulunmustur. Element yogunlugu genel olarak en fazla yapraklarda en az dallarda bulunmaktadir. Besin madde yogunlugu genel olarak tum alanlarda C>Ca>N>Mg>K>Mn>P>Al>Fe>Na>Zn>Cu>Ni>Pb seklinde siralandigi ortaya cikmistir. Dokum yolu ile gelen olu ortu elemanlari arasinda istatistiksel fark bulunurken saf ve karisik alanlar arasinda ve yillara gore istatistiksel fark bulunmamistir.
{"title":"Ölü örtü dökümü ve bu yolla toprağa verilen besin maddeleri","authors":"Meriç Çakır, Serdar Akburak","doi":"10.17099/JFFIU.79516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/JFFIU.79516","url":null,"abstract":"Olu ortu dokumu ve ayrismasi, besin maddelerinin toprak ustu ekosistemden toprak sistemine gecisini saglayan onemli bir surectir. Orman ekosisteminde uzun donem besin durumunun korunmasini saglar. Orman ekosistemlerinin saglikli isleyebilmesi icin, olu ortu dokumu ile toprak canlilari icin enerji ve besin girdisinin bilinmesi gerekmektedir. Ataturk Arboretumu’nda, saf ve karisik mese ve kayin mescerelerinde yurutulen bu calismanin amaci olu ortu dokumu ve bu yolla ekosisteme geri verilen besin madde miktarinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amac ile belirlenen calisma alanlarina olu ortu kapanlari kullanilmistir. Kapanlara dusen bitki kisimlari yaprak, dal ve diger kisimlar (palamut, cicek, kabuk vb,) olarak ayrilmistir. Orneklerde C, N, P, K, Ca, Na, Mg, Mn, Fe, Al, Zn, Pb, Ni ve Cu icerikleri belirlenmistir. Calismada her uc alanda da en yuksek olu ortu dokum miktari 2010 yilinda olculmustur. Toplam olu ortu dokumu ornekleme alanlarinda ortalama 3947-4578 (kg/ha) olarak bulunmustur. Dokumle gelen yaprak miktari ortalama olarak mese, kayin ve mese-kayin alanlarinda sirasi ile %86, %62 ve %75 oldugu bulunmustur. Element yogunlugu genel olarak en fazla yapraklarda en az dallarda bulunmaktadir. Besin madde yogunlugu genel olarak tum alanlarda C>Ca>N>Mg>K>Mn>P>Al>Fe>Na>Zn>Cu>Ni>Pb seklinde siralandigi ortaya cikmistir. Dokum yolu ile gelen olu ortu elemanlari arasinda istatistiksel fark bulunurken saf ve karisik alanlar arasinda ve yillara gore istatistiksel fark bulunmamistir.","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75295572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Javad Rafei Sharifabad, A. Tavili, A. Alipour, M. Hashemi
Desertification risk assessment in Yazd province with an emphasis on hydrology, climate, vegetation, and soil criteria using IMDPA model Abstract : Desertification is one of the most obvious degradation processes of natural resources in the world, which impose more destructive effects in arid, semi-arid, and semi-humid than other regions. Over the past few decades, global efforts have been channeled to tackle and prevent this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to assess the status of desertification and generation of desertification maps in Yazd province using the IMDPA model. In order to use this model and perform desertification mapping in Yazd province, four criteria of climate, water, vegetation and soil were considered as key criteria. Using the above method, the scores of each index in the relevant criterion was determined. Each criterion is calculated as the geometric mean of its sub-indices, and then introduced to the GIS environment. By overlaying and integrating the raster layers of the above-mentioned criteria and calculating the corresponding geometric mean and data analysis, desertification intensity map was obtained using model IMDPA. The results show that among the defining criteria of desertification, the climate criterion with the average score of 2.77 and the groundwater level drop with the score of 3.45 have been respectively the most significant criterion and indices. According to the results, the area could be classified as moderately sensitive to desertification. Keywords: Yazd Province, desertification intensity, criterion, indices, IMDPA Received (Gelis): 08.11.2016 - Revised (Duzeltme): 20.12.2016 - Accepted (Kabul): 21.12.2016 Cite (Atif): Abad, J.S., Tavili, A., Alipour, A., Hashemi, M., 2017. Desertification risk assessment in Yazd province with an emphasis on hydrology, climate, vegetation, and soil criteria using IMDPA model. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University 67(2): xxx-xxx. DOI: 10.17099/jffiu.xxxxx
摘要:荒漠化是世界上最明显的自然资源退化过程之一，其对干旱、半干旱和半湿润地区的破坏性影响大于其他地区。在过去的几十年里，全球都在努力解决和预防这一现象。本研究的目的是利用IMDPA模式评估亚兹德省的沙漠化状况和制作沙漠化地图。为了使用该模型并在亚兹德省进行荒漠化制图，将气候、水、植被和土壤四个标准作为关键标准。利用上述方法，确定了相关标准中各指标的得分。每个指标被计算为其子指数的几何平均值，然后引入到GIS环境中。通过对上述判据的栅格层进行叠加和积分，计算相应的几何平均值并进行数据分析，利用IMDPA模型得到沙漠化强度图。结果表明，在沙漠化的界定标准中，气候标准(平均得分为2.77)和地下水位下降(平均得分为3.45)分别是最显著的判据和指标。根据研究结果，该地区可划分为中度沙漠化敏感区。关键词:亚兹德省，沙漠化强度，标准，指标，IMDPA收稿(Gelis): 08.11.2016 -修稿(Duzeltme): 20.12.2016 -收稿(Kabul): 21.12.2016引用(Atif): Abad, J.S, Tavili, A, Alipour, A, Hashemi, M。基于IMDPA模型的亚兹德省荒漠化风险评估:以水文、气候、植被和土壤为重点伊斯坦布尔大学林业学院学报67(2):xxx-xxx。DOI: 10.17099 / jffiu.xxxxx
{"title":"Desertification risk assessment in Yazd province with an emphasis on hydrology, climate, vegetation, and soil criteria using IMDPA model","authors":"Javad Rafei Sharifabad, A. Tavili, A. Alipour, M. Hashemi","doi":"10.17099/JFFIU.05461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/JFFIU.05461","url":null,"abstract":"Desertification risk assessment in Yazd province with an emphasis on hydrology, climate, vegetation, and soil criteria using IMDPA model Abstract : Desertification is one of the most obvious degradation processes of natural resources in the world, which impose more destructive effects in arid, semi-arid, and semi-humid than other regions. Over the past few decades, global efforts have been channeled to tackle and prevent this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to assess the status of desertification and generation of desertification maps in Yazd province using the IMDPA model. In order to use this model and perform desertification mapping in Yazd province, four criteria of climate, water, vegetation and soil were considered as key criteria. Using the above method, the scores of each index in the relevant criterion was determined. Each criterion is calculated as the geometric mean of its sub-indices, and then introduced to the GIS environment. By overlaying and integrating the raster layers of the above-mentioned criteria and calculating the corresponding geometric mean and data analysis, desertification intensity map was obtained using model IMDPA. The results show that among the defining criteria of desertification, the climate criterion with the average score of 2.77 and the groundwater level drop with the score of 3.45 have been respectively the most significant criterion and indices. According to the results, the area could be classified as moderately sensitive to desertification. Keywords: Yazd Province, desertification intensity, criterion, indices, IMDPA Received (Gelis): 08.11.2016 - Revised (Duzeltme): 20.12.2016 - Accepted (Kabul): 21.12.2016 Cite (Atif): Abad, J.S., Tavili, A., Alipour, A., Hashemi, M., 2017. Desertification risk assessment in Yazd province with an emphasis on hydrology, climate, vegetation, and soil criteria using IMDPA model. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University 67(2): xxx-xxx. DOI: 10.17099/jffiu.xxxxx","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":"31 15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87204706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evaluate the performance of different algorithms of pixel- based classification in providing the landscape map (Case Study: Malekshahicity, Ilam province) Abstract: Nowadays, technology of remote sensing has allowed users to use this science to consider the changes arising from natural and human factors and to determine the amount of the variation due to its great progress. The researchers use several methods to classify images that each has better accuracy and efficiency compared to each other. The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy of the 9 methods of classification in malekshahi city with an area of 1739 km 2 . For this purpose, there were used the images of ETM + sensor of Landsat satellite in 2014. At first, there were done geometric corrections on the images. And finally, the map of classification of the algorithms of support vector machine, maximum likelihood, minimum distance to mean, multilayer Perceptron artificial Neural Network, Mahalanobis distance, spectral angle map, spectral information divergence, parallel surfaces and binary encoding (codes) were prepared. Results showed that the method of Multilayer Perceptron artificial neural network with back-propagation algorithms could obtainhighest accuracy and efficiency among different methods with Kappa coefficient and overall accuracy equal to 0/94 and 96.5, respectively. Mahalanobis distance method, minimum distance to mean method and support vector machine method were next priorities with overall accuracy equal to 91.35, 90.10 and 84.48. The study of the area of land use also showed that good results can be provided about the area of land use of region using classification method of artificial neural network due to high accuracy. The results can be used to extract land use maps of malekshahi city using Perceptron artificial neural network due to high accuracy. Keywords: Remote sensing, classification, landsat satellite, multilayer neural network, Malekshahi city Received (Gelis): 13.09.2016 - Revised (Duzeltme): 07.11.2016 - Accepted (Kabul): 11.11.2016 Cite (Atif): Yaghobi, S., Fathizadeh, H., 2017. Evaluate the performance of different algorithms of pixel- based classification in providing the landscape map (Case Study: Malekshahicity, Ilam province). Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University 67(2): xxx-xxx. DOI: 10.17099/jffiu.xxxxx
{"title":"Evaluate the performance of different algorithms of pixel- based classification in providing the landscape map (Case Study: Malekshahicity, Ilam province)","authors":"S. Yaghobi, H. Fathizadeh","doi":"10.17099/JFFIU.08320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/JFFIU.08320","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluate the performance of different algorithms of pixel- based classification in providing the landscape map (Case Study: Malekshahicity, Ilam province) Abstract: Nowadays, technology of remote sensing has allowed users to use this science to consider the changes arising from natural and human factors and to determine the amount of the variation due to its great progress. The researchers use several methods to classify images that each has better accuracy and efficiency compared to each other. The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy of the 9 methods of classification in malekshahi city with an area of 1739 km 2 . For this purpose, there were used the images of ETM + sensor of Landsat satellite in 2014. At first, there were done geometric corrections on the images. And finally, the map of classification of the algorithms of support vector machine, maximum likelihood, minimum distance to mean, multilayer Perceptron artificial Neural Network, Mahalanobis distance, spectral angle map, spectral information divergence, parallel surfaces and binary encoding (codes) were prepared. Results showed that the method of Multilayer Perceptron artificial neural network with back-propagation algorithms could obtainhighest accuracy and efficiency among different methods with Kappa coefficient and overall accuracy equal to 0/94 and 96.5, respectively. Mahalanobis distance method, minimum distance to mean method and support vector machine method were next priorities with overall accuracy equal to 91.35, 90.10 and 84.48. The study of the area of land use also showed that good results can be provided about the area of land use of region using classification method of artificial neural network due to high accuracy. The results can be used to extract land use maps of malekshahi city using Perceptron artificial neural network due to high accuracy. Keywords: Remote sensing, classification, landsat satellite, multilayer neural network, Malekshahi city Received (Gelis): 13.09.2016 - Revised (Duzeltme): 07.11.2016 - Accepted (Kabul): 11.11.2016 Cite (Atif): Yaghobi, S., Fathizadeh, H., 2017. Evaluate the performance of different algorithms of pixel- based classification in providing the landscape map (Case Study: Malekshahicity, Ilam province). Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University 67(2): xxx-xxx. DOI: 10.17099/jffiu.xxxxx","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77506336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Küçükosmanoğlu, Mehmet Küçükosmanoğlu, H. Ayberk, A. E. Bakırcı, Gülberk Gizem Küçükosmanoğlu
Assessment of occupational health and safety studies in combating forest fires in Turkey Abstract : It is a stubborn fact that industrialization is a rapidly growing phenomenon in our age. Under such conditions, improving the working conditions of laborers with a humanistic approach is still a big problem not only for the less developed countries (newly industrializing countries) but also for the industrialized ones. It is possible to argue that “Humanization of the working conditions” is a very broad research and application area as it includes various areas of professions such as worker’s health and labor hygiene. Thus, this approach is both in the labor and employer organizations’ field of interest. As is known, forest firefighters are receiving various trainings for a long time; fire disasters, equipment and supplies, nutrition, hygiene, forest fire extinguishing techniques, labor organization methods and first-aid training can be given as examples to these main trainings mentioned above. However, on 20th June 2012, a new legislation (no. 6331 “Occupational Health and Safety”) which is aiming to bring stricter criteria and liabilities on training programs especially concerning forest firefighters was adopted. To make it clearer, the criteria and liabilities that are brought forward by the legislation titled as the “Occupational Health and Safety” will implement more detailed theoretical and practical trainings. To sum up, forest firefighters are always under the risk of getting injured and losing their lives during fire extinguishing operations. In the light of this fact, it can be argued that occupational health and safety can only be achieved through increasing forest firefighters’ consciousness regarding the job safety. This subject will be handled in detail in this study. Keywords: Forest fires, firefighters, occupational health and safety, working conditions. Turkiye’de orman yanginlariyla savasta is sagligi ve guvenligi calismalarinin degerlendirilmesi Ozet: Sanayilesmenin buyuk bir hizla gelistigi cagimizda; calisanlarin is kosullarinin ve is cevrelerinin, insanca bir yaklasim ile iyilestirilmesi, sadece sanayilesme yolundaki ulkelerde degil, sanayilesme acisindan onemli atilimlari gerceklestirmis ulkelerde de onemli bir sorun olma ozelligini korumaktadir. Devleti, isci ve isveren orgutlerini ayni olculerde ilgilendiren “calisma kosularinin insancillastirilmasi” denilebilecek bu yaklasim; insan faktoru, is duzeni, isci sagligi, is hijyeni gibi onemli uzmanlik alanlarini iceren, genis bir arastirma ve uygulama alanidir. Gecmisten gunumuze orman yanginlariyla savasanlara yanma ve yanginin meydana getirdigi tehlikeler, arac-gerec donanim, beslenme, hijyen, orman yangini sondurme yontemleri ve isci organizasyon yontemleri ile ilk yardim konularinda egitimler verildigi bilinmektedir. Ancak bugun ulkemizin icinde bulundugu yasal zorunluluklarda dikkate alindiginda; ornegin 20 Haziran 2012 tarihinde yururluge giren 6331 sayili is sagligi
摘要:在我们这个时代，工业化是一个快速发展的现象，这是一个不容忽视的事实。在这样的条件下，以人性化的方式改善劳动者的劳动条件，无论是对欠发达国家(新兴工业化国家)还是对工业化国家来说都是一个大问题。可以说，“工作条件的人性化”是一个非常广泛的研究和应用领域，因为它包括工人健康和劳动卫生等各个专业领域。因此，这种方法是劳工组织和雇主组织都感兴趣的领域。众所周知，森林消防员长期接受各种培训;上述主要培训包括火灾、设备与用品、营养、卫生、森林灭火技术、劳动组织方法、急救培训等。然而，2012年6月20日，一项新的立法(no。6331 "职业健康与安全")，旨在对培训方案，特别是森林消防员的培训方案制定更严格的标准和责任。为了更清楚地说明这一点，题为“职业健康与安全”的立法提出的标准和责任将实施更详细的理论和实践培训。综上所述，森林消防员在灭火行动中总是面临着受伤和失去生命的风险。鉴于这一事实，可以认为只有通过提高森林消防员对工作安全的意识才能实现职业健康和安全。本研究将详细讨论这个问题。关键词:森林火灾，消防员，职业健康安全，工作条件。土耳其的一种植物，它是一种植物，它是一种植物，它是一种植物，它是一种植物，它是一种植物。Calisanlarin是kosullarinin，是cevrelerinin，例如bir yaklasim ililestrilmesi, sadece sanayilesme yolundaki ulkelerde degil, sanayilesme acisindi和onemli atilimlaris gercellestimis ulkelerde de onemli bir sorun olma ozelligini korumaktadir。“calisma kosularinin insancillastirilmasi”的意思是:“我的孩子，我的孩子，我的孩子，我的孩子。”Insan faktoru，是duzeni, isci sagligi，是hijyeni gibi, onemli uzmanlik alanlarini iceren, genbir arastrma和uygulama alanidir。Gecmisten gunumuze•yanginlariyla savasanlara yanma ve yanginin meydana getirdigi tehlikeler, arac-gerec donanim, beslenme, hijyen,兹•yangini sondurme yontemleri ve isci organizasyon yontemleri ile同类yardim konularinda egitimler verildigi bilinmektedir。安卡拉bugun ulkemizin icinde bulundugu yasal zorunluluklarda dikkate alindinda;2012年12月20日，哈兹兰，塔里欣德·乌尔鲁格，给了6331，说伊利是sagligi, is guvenligi kanunu ve，但kanuna dayali olarak cikartilan, yilikklerde yanginla savasanlarin, ozelliker ormanyanginlari bakiminin，她可以guvenliklerini, tehdi, ormanyanginlari bakimin, daha etraficatik bilgileri iceren, egitime tabi tutulmalari zorunlulugu vardir。但赤霞珠属植物，calisma或taminaki fizyolojik stresler, kisisel koruulular, hijjyen属植物，赤霞珠属植物，赤霞珠属植物，赤霞珠属植物，赤霞珠属植物，赤霞珠属植物，赤霞珠属植物。这句话的意思是:“我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是说，我的意思是我的意思。”[翻译]:Calismamizda yukarida deginilen konular ele alinmakmakisdeki yanginlariylla savasta ozellikle“是sagligi ve is guvenligi”konularinda yangin savasilarina verilen egitimlerin nasil apililmasi gerektigi gerekeriyle ortaya konacaktir。ananhtar Kelimeler: Orman yanginlari, yangin iscileri，是sagligi和guvenligi, calisma kosullari。接收(Gelis): 2016年8月17日-修订(Duzeltme): 2016年11月17日-接受(Kabul): 2016年11月28日引用(Atif): Kucukosmanoglu, A.， Kucukosmanoglu, M.A.， Ayberk, H.， Bakirci, A.E, Kucukosmanoglu, G.， 2017。评估土耳其扑灭森林火灾的职业健康和安全研究。伊斯坦布尔大学林业学院学报67(2):xxx-xxx。DOI: 10.17099 / jffiu.xxxxx
{"title":"Assessment of occupational health and safety studies in combating forest fires in Turkey","authors":"A. Küçükosmanoğlu, Mehmet Küçükosmanoğlu, H. Ayberk, A. E. Bakırcı, Gülberk Gizem Küçükosmanoğlu","doi":"10.17099/JFFIU.41677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/JFFIU.41677","url":null,"abstract":"Assessment of occupational health and safety studies in combating forest fires in Turkey Abstract : It is a stubborn fact that industrialization is a rapidly growing phenomenon in our age. Under such conditions, improving the working conditions of laborers with a humanistic approach is still a big problem not only for the less developed countries (newly industrializing countries) but also for the industrialized ones. It is possible to argue that “Humanization of the working conditions” is a very broad research and application area as it includes various areas of professions such as worker’s health and labor hygiene. Thus, this approach is both in the labor and employer organizations’ field of interest. As is known, forest firefighters are receiving various trainings for a long time; fire disasters, equipment and supplies, nutrition, hygiene, forest fire extinguishing techniques, labor organization methods and first-aid training can be given as examples to these main trainings mentioned above. However, on 20th June 2012, a new legislation (no. 6331 “Occupational Health and Safety”) which is aiming to bring stricter criteria and liabilities on training programs especially concerning forest firefighters was adopted. To make it clearer, the criteria and liabilities that are brought forward by the legislation titled as the “Occupational Health and Safety” will implement more detailed theoretical and practical trainings. To sum up, forest firefighters are always under the risk of getting injured and losing their lives during fire extinguishing operations. In the light of this fact, it can be argued that occupational health and safety can only be achieved through increasing forest firefighters’ consciousness regarding the job safety. This subject will be handled in detail in this study. Keywords: Forest fires, firefighters, occupational health and safety, working conditions. Turkiye’de orman yanginlariyla savasta is sagligi ve guvenligi calismalarinin degerlendirilmesi Ozet: Sanayilesmenin buyuk bir hizla gelistigi cagimizda; calisanlarin is kosullarinin ve is cevrelerinin, insanca bir yaklasim ile iyilestirilmesi, sadece sanayilesme yolundaki ulkelerde degil, sanayilesme acisindan onemli atilimlari gerceklestirmis ulkelerde de onemli bir sorun olma ozelligini korumaktadir. Devleti, isci ve isveren orgutlerini ayni olculerde ilgilendiren “calisma kosularinin insancillastirilmasi” denilebilecek bu yaklasim; insan faktoru, is duzeni, isci sagligi, is hijyeni gibi onemli uzmanlik alanlarini iceren, genis bir arastirma ve uygulama alanidir. Gecmisten gunumuze orman yanginlariyla savasanlara yanma ve yanginin meydana getirdigi tehlikeler, arac-gerec donanim, beslenme, hijyen, orman yangini sondurme yontemleri ve isci organizasyon yontemleri ile ilk yardim konularinda egitimler verildigi bilinmektedir. Ancak bugun ulkemizin icinde bulundugu yasal zorunluluklarda dikkate alindiginda; ornegin 20 Haziran 2012 tarihinde yururluge giren 6331 sayili is sagligi ","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74026706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effect of trekking activities on the some physical properties of soil in the fir forests in Bolu-Aladag Abstract: This study was conducted over the effect on forest floor of trekking activities. In this study, 100 people walked in single file on the measurement area. The impacts of this trekking activite were investigated on some physical properties such as Olu Ortu Kalinligi, soil density, soil Toprak Nemi, etc. The study was carried out in two seperate parcels and three replications in two consecutive years. Those were determinated as litter thikcness cm and amount gr/m2. Fresh and dried soil bulk densitys (g/l) were defined by using volume cylinders. Soil Toprak Nemi (%) was determined by using calculation differences of the fresh and dried weights. The results of the measurement and evaluation; determined that Olu Ortu Kalinligi was decreased (r = 0.568**), and densitys of fresh soil (r = 0.440**) and dried soil (r = 0.423**) were increased in the trekking area. However, the effect on the soil Toprak Nemi was not observed. Based on the con trol field compared to the trampled area the average a 14% a Sikisma has occurred in the soil. During the trekking, the occurring of physical effects in the soil caused to compress on the litter and soil. Therefore, the soil infiltration capacity will reduce, then it may lead to being wildness and erosion. Keywords: Litter, soil density, soil penetration Bolu-Aladag goknar ormanlarinda doga yuruyusu faaliyetlerinin topragin bazi fiziksel ozelliklerine etkisi Ozet: Bu calisma, Bolu Aladag goknar ormanlarinda, doga yuruyuslerinin topraga etkisini arastirmak icin yapilmistir. Calismada 100 kisi olcum alanindan tek sira halinde yurumustur. Bu doga yuruyusunun olu ortu kalinligi, toprak yogunlugu, toprak nemi vb fiziksel ozelliklere etkisi incelenmistir. Calisma iki yil pes pese, iki ayri parselde ve ucer tekerrurlu olarak yapilmistir. Olu ortu kalinligi (cm), miktari (gr/m2) olarak belirlenmistir. Taze ve kurutulmus toprak yogunluklari (g/l) hacim silindirleri kullanilarak, toprak nemi (%) de taze ve kuru agirlik farkindan yararlanilarak belirlenmistir. Yapilan olcumler ve degerlendirmelerin sonucunda; doga yuruyusu yapilan alanda olu ortu kalinliginin azaldigi (r=0,568**), taze (r=0,440**) ve kurutulmus (r=0,423**) toprak yogunlugunda artisa neden oldugu belirlenmistir. Ancak toprak nemi uzerinde etkisi gorulmemistir. Kontrol alanina gore kiyaslandiginda cignenilen alan topraginda ortalama %14 oraninda sikisma meydana geldigi bulunmustur. Doga yuruyusu esnasinda cignenen toprakta meydana fiziksel etkiler olu ortude ve toprakta sikismaya neden olmustur. Dolayisiyla topragin gecirgenlik kapasitesini dusurecek, devaminda yabanlasmaya ve erozyona yol acabilecektir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Olu ortu, toprak yogunlugu, toprak sikismasi, toprak nemi. Received (Gelis): 20.10.2016 - Revised (Duzeltme): 28.11.2016 - Accepted (Kabul): 28.11.2016 Cite (Atif): Duyar, A., Kinis, S., 2017.The effect of trekking activi
摘要/ Abstract摘要:本文研究了徒步活动对森林地表的影响。在这项研究中，100人在测量区域排成一列。考察了徒步活动对土壤理化性质、土壤密度、土壤Toprak Nemi等的影响。该研究分两个独立的包裹进行，并在连续两年进行三次重复。取凋落物厚度cm和数量gr/m2。鲜土和干土容重(g/l)用体积圆柱体确定。土壤Toprak Nemi(%)由鲜重和干重计算差值确定。测量和评价的结果;结果表明，徒步旅行区奥鲁奥尔图喀里里吉斯减少(r = 0.568**)，鲜土密度(r = 0.440**)和干土密度(r = 0.423**)增加。然而，未观察到Toprak Nemi对土壤的影响。根据对照区与践踏区相比，土壤中平均发生了14%的Sikisma。在徒步旅行过程中，土壤中物理效应的发生对凋落物和土壤产生压缩作用。因此，土壤入渗能力会降低，然后可能导致荒野和侵蚀。关键词:凋落物，土壤密度，土壤穿透力，Bolu-Aladag - goknar - ormanlarinda, Bolu-Aladag - goknar - ormanlarinda, Bolu-Aladag - goknar - ormanlarinda, Bolu-Aladag - goknar - ormanlarinda, Bolu-Aladag - goknar - ormanlarin, topragaga - etkisini。Calismada, 100, kisi, olc, alanindo, sila, halinur。但是，狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗狗卡利斯马伊基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基基。Olu ortu kalinligi (cm)， miktari (gr/m2) olarak belirlenmistir。Taze ve kurutulmus toprak yogunluklari (g/l) haachim silindirleri kullanilarak, toprak nemi (%) de Taze ve kuru agirlik farkindan yararlanilarak belirlenmistir。亚皮兰水蛭的生长发育发育;Doga yuruyusu yapilan alanda olu ortu kalinliinin azaldigi (r= 0.568 **)， taze (r= 0.440 **)， kurutulmus (r= 0.423 **)， toprak yogunlugunda artisen oldugu belirlenmistir。我想说的是，我的朋友们都很喜欢我的朋友们。[14]防治褐飞虱(褐飞虱)。Doga yuruyusu esnasinda cignenen toprakta meydana fiziksel -杀手(杀手)(杀手)(杀手)(杀手)(杀手)Dolayisiyla topragin与kappasitesini dusureck、devaminda yabanlask等具有较强的抗氧化能力。anhtar Kelimeler: Olu ortu, toprak yogunlugu, toprak sikismasi, toprak nemi。收稿(Gelis): 2016年10月20日-修订(Duzeltme): 2016年11月28日-接受(Kabul): 2016年11月28日引用(Atif): Duyar, A.， Kinis, S.， 2017。徒步活动对Bolu-Aladag冷杉林土壤某些物理性质的影响。伊斯坦布尔大学林业学院学报67(2):xxx-xxx。DOI: 10.17099 / jffiu.xxxxx
{"title":"The effect of trekking activities on the some physical properties of soil in the fir forests in Bolu-Aladag","authors":"A. Duyar, S. Kiniş","doi":"10.17099/jffiu.21442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/jffiu.21442","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of trekking activities on the some physical properties of soil in the fir forests in Bolu-Aladag Abstract: This study was conducted over the effect on forest floor of trekking activities. In this study, 100 people walked in single file on the measurement area. The impacts of this trekking activite were investigated on some physical properties such as Olu Ortu Kalinligi, soil density, soil Toprak Nemi, etc. The study was carried out in two seperate parcels and three replications in two consecutive years. Those were determinated as litter thikcness cm and amount gr/m2. Fresh and dried soil bulk densitys (g/l) were defined by using volume cylinders. Soil Toprak Nemi (%) was determined by using calculation differences of the fresh and dried weights. The results of the measurement and evaluation; determined that Olu Ortu Kalinligi was decreased (r = 0.568**), and densitys of fresh soil (r = 0.440**) and dried soil (r = 0.423**) were increased in the trekking area. However, the effect on the soil Toprak Nemi was not observed. Based on the con trol field compared to the trampled area the average a 14% a Sikisma has occurred in the soil. During the trekking, the occurring of physical effects in the soil caused to compress on the litter and soil. Therefore, the soil infiltration capacity will reduce, then it may lead to being wildness and erosion. Keywords: Litter, soil density, soil penetration Bolu-Aladag goknar ormanlarinda doga yuruyusu faaliyetlerinin topragin bazi fiziksel ozelliklerine etkisi Ozet: Bu calisma, Bolu Aladag goknar ormanlarinda, doga yuruyuslerinin topraga etkisini arastirmak icin yapilmistir. Calismada 100 kisi olcum alanindan tek sira halinde yurumustur. Bu doga yuruyusunun olu ortu kalinligi, toprak yogunlugu, toprak nemi vb fiziksel ozelliklere etkisi incelenmistir. Calisma iki yil pes pese, iki ayri parselde ve ucer tekerrurlu olarak yapilmistir. Olu ortu kalinligi (cm), miktari (gr/m2) olarak belirlenmistir. Taze ve kurutulmus toprak yogunluklari (g/l) hacim silindirleri kullanilarak, toprak nemi (%) de taze ve kuru agirlik farkindan yararlanilarak belirlenmistir. Yapilan olcumler ve degerlendirmelerin sonucunda; doga yuruyusu yapilan alanda olu ortu kalinliginin azaldigi (r=0,568**), taze (r=0,440**) ve kurutulmus (r=0,423**) toprak yogunlugunda artisa neden oldugu belirlenmistir. Ancak toprak nemi uzerinde etkisi gorulmemistir. Kontrol alanina gore kiyaslandiginda cignenilen alan topraginda ortalama %14 oraninda sikisma meydana geldigi bulunmustur. Doga yuruyusu esnasinda cignenen toprakta meydana fiziksel etkiler olu ortude ve toprakta sikismaya neden olmustur. Dolayisiyla topragin gecirgenlik kapasitesini dusurecek, devaminda yabanlasmaya ve erozyona yol acabilecektir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Olu ortu, toprak yogunlugu, toprak sikismasi, toprak nemi. Received (Gelis): 20.10.2016 - Revised (Duzeltme): 28.11.2016 - Accepted (Kabul): 28.11.2016 Cite (Atif): Duyar, A., Kinis, S., 2017.The effect of trekking activi","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91414463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hayati Tekin, C. Erdönmez, I. M. Erdönmez, Nilüfer Kart Aktaş, A. P. Gürbey, Ömer Öztoprak
A proposal of reconstruction upon nature park – forest recreation area concepts and nature park identification criterias in the example of Belgrad Forest Abstract : It is observed that there is a huge confusion about the terms “nature park” and “forest recration area in Turkey”. This study aims to define main qualitative differences between nature parks and forest recreation areas and by this way to enlight nature parks allocation criteria. For this study, nine nature parks and two forest recreation areas in Belgrad Forest in Istanbul are selected as example areas. An expert interview was designed to determine nature parks allocation criteria objectively and applied to 140 experts on protected areas. Furthermore reports from IUCN and nature park examples from different parts of the world were investigated. Based on the results of the interview “Definition Criteria of the Nature Parks and Evaluation Chart” was created. Example areas were analyzed by using this chart and by conservation thresholds method and recreational resources planning model. The results show that there is no significant difference between example nature parks and forest recreation areas. The most important issue about the selected nature parks that these areas are too small to include nature parks specifications. Detailed explanations for each example areas were written in the study. At last a nature park definition suitable to apply for Turkey’s conditions was developed. Keywords: Protect areas, nature park, recration area, conservation threshold, recreational potantial analysis Tabiat parki – mesire yeri (orman ici dinlenme yeri) kavramlari ve tabiat parki belirleme kriterleri uzerine yeniden yapilandirma onerisi: Belgrad Ormani ornegi Ozet: Turkiye’de tabiat parki kavrami ile mesire yeri kavrami arasinda uygulama acisindan buyuk bir kargasanin oldugu gozlenmektedir. Bu calisma tabiat parklari ile mesire yerleri arasindaki temel niteliksel ayrimlari ortaya koymak ve bu yolla tabiat parki ayirma kriterlerine aciklik getirmek amaciyla gerceklestirilmistir. Calisma icin Istanbul Belgrad Ormani’ndaki dokuz adet tabiat parki ile iki adet mesire yeri ornek alan olarak secilmistir. Tabiat parki ayirma kriterlerinin objektif bicimde saptanabilmesi icin bir uzman anketi tasarlanmis ve anket korunan alanlar konusunda uzman 140 kisiye uygulanmistir. Ayrica IUCN tarafindan gerceklestirilen calismalar ile dunyanin cesitli bolgelerinden tabiat parki ornekleri mercek altina alinmistir. Anket sonuclarina dayanilarak “Tabiat Parki Tespit Kriterleri ve Degerlendirme Tablosu” olusturulmustur. Ornek olarak secilen alanlar bir yandan bu tablo yardimiyla diger yandan da koruma esikleri ve rekreasyon potansiyel sentezi ile analiz edilmistir. Elde edilen sonuclar secilen ornek alanlarda tabiat parki ve mesire yerleri arasinda anlamli farkliliklarin olmadigini ortaya koymustur. Secilen tabiat parklarinda gozlenen en onemli sorun alanlarin tabiat parki ozelliklerini barindiramayacak kadar kucuk ol
摘要:在土耳其，“自然公园”和“森林游乐区”这两个概念存在很大的混淆。本研究旨在厘清自然公园与森林游憩区的主要质性差异，并借此启发自然公园的配置标准。本研究以伊斯坦布尔Belgrad森林的9个自然公园和2个森林游憩区为例。为客观确定自然公园的分配标准，设计了专家访谈法，并对140名保护区专家进行了访谈。此外，还调查了世界自然保护联盟的报告和世界各地自然公园的例子。根据访谈结果，制作了“自然公园定义标准及评价图”。利用该图、保护阈值法和游憩资源规划模型对样区进行了分析。结果表明，示例自然公园与森林游憩区之间没有显著差异。关于选定的自然公园，最重要的问题是这些地区太小，不包括自然公园的规格。对每个示例区域的详细解释都写在研究中。最后，提出了适合土耳其国情的自然公园定义。关键词:保护区，自然公园，游憩区，保护阈值，游憩潜力分析Tabiat parki - mesiere (orman ici dinlenme yeri) kavramlari (Tabiat parki belirleme kriterleri) uzerine yeniden yapilanddirma onerisi:贝尔格莱德Ormani ornegi Ozet:土耳其的Tabiat parki kavrami, mesieri kavrami arasinda uygulama acisindand buyuk bir kargasanin oldugu gozlenmektedir。但是，calisma tabiiparpari、mesmesiereri、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi、kimkimi。Calisma icin Istanbul Belgrad Ormani 'ndaki dokuz adet tabiiparki在伊斯坦布尔，伊斯坦布尔，贝尔格莱德。目的:研究一种新型的抗肿瘤药物-抗肿瘤药物-抗肿瘤药物-抗肿瘤药物-抗肿瘤药物-抗肿瘤药物。非洲世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)的一项研究表明，非洲大陆的野生动物种群数量为1 / 3。“Tabiat Parki Tespit Kriterleri ve degerlendime Tablosu”是什么意思?Ornek olarak选育alalalalbyanandan，但tablo yardimiya digerydanda koruma更容易产生电位，并对电位进行了分析。eledilen的声波筛选和神经网络的研究，包括对神经网络的研究，对神经网络的研究，对神经网络的研究。森林公园，森林公园，森林公园，森林公园，森林公园，森林公园卡利斯玛达(Calismada)的女儿，她的女儿，她的女儿，她的女儿，她的女儿，她的女儿，她的女儿，她的女儿。土耳其语:土耳其语:土耳其语:土耳其语:土耳其语:土耳其语阿纳赫塔尔·克里梅勒:Korunan alanlar, tabiat parki, mesire yeri, koruma esikleri, rekreasyon sentezi, puantaj matrisi。接收(Gelis): 22.05.2016 -修订(Duzeltme): 25.07.2016 -接受(喀布尔):07.09.2016引用(Atif): Tekin, H.， Erdonmez, C.， Erdomez, I.M.O.， Aktas, N.K, Gurbey, A.P.B, Oztoprak, O.， 2017。自然公园重建构想——以贝尔格莱德森林为例的森林游憩区概念与自然公园识别标准。伊斯坦布尔大学林业学院学报67(2):xx-xx。DOI: 10.17099 / jffiu.xxxxx
{"title":"A proposal of reconstruction upon nature park – forest recreation area concepts and nature park identification criterias in the example of Belgrad Forest","authors":"Hayati Tekin, C. Erdönmez, I. M. Erdönmez, Nilüfer Kart Aktaş, A. P. Gürbey, Ömer Öztoprak","doi":"10.17099/JFFIU.30225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/JFFIU.30225","url":null,"abstract":"A proposal of reconstruction upon nature park – forest recreation area concepts and nature park identification criterias in the example of Belgrad Forest Abstract : It is observed that there is a huge confusion about the terms “nature park” and “forest recration area in Turkey”. This study aims to define main qualitative differences between nature parks and forest recreation areas and by this way to enlight nature parks allocation criteria. For this study, nine nature parks and two forest recreation areas in Belgrad Forest in Istanbul are selected as example areas. An expert interview was designed to determine nature parks allocation criteria objectively and applied to 140 experts on protected areas. Furthermore reports from IUCN and nature park examples from different parts of the world were investigated. Based on the results of the interview “Definition Criteria of the Nature Parks and Evaluation Chart” was created. Example areas were analyzed by using this chart and by conservation thresholds method and recreational resources planning model. The results show that there is no significant difference between example nature parks and forest recreation areas. The most important issue about the selected nature parks that these areas are too small to include nature parks specifications. Detailed explanations for each example areas were written in the study. At last a nature park definition suitable to apply for Turkey’s conditions was developed. Keywords: Protect areas, nature park, recration area, conservation threshold, recreational potantial analysis Tabiat parki – mesire yeri (orman ici dinlenme yeri) kavramlari ve tabiat parki belirleme kriterleri uzerine yeniden yapilandirma onerisi: Belgrad Ormani ornegi Ozet: Turkiye’de tabiat parki kavrami ile mesire yeri kavrami arasinda uygulama acisindan buyuk bir kargasanin oldugu gozlenmektedir. Bu calisma tabiat parklari ile mesire yerleri arasindaki temel niteliksel ayrimlari ortaya koymak ve bu yolla tabiat parki ayirma kriterlerine aciklik getirmek amaciyla gerceklestirilmistir. Calisma icin Istanbul Belgrad Ormani’ndaki dokuz adet tabiat parki ile iki adet mesire yeri ornek alan olarak secilmistir. Tabiat parki ayirma kriterlerinin objektif bicimde saptanabilmesi icin bir uzman anketi tasarlanmis ve anket korunan alanlar konusunda uzman 140 kisiye uygulanmistir. Ayrica IUCN tarafindan gerceklestirilen calismalar ile dunyanin cesitli bolgelerinden tabiat parki ornekleri mercek altina alinmistir. Anket sonuclarina dayanilarak “Tabiat Parki Tespit Kriterleri ve Degerlendirme Tablosu” olusturulmustur. Ornek olarak secilen alanlar bir yandan bu tablo yardimiyla diger yandan da koruma esikleri ve rekreasyon potansiyel sentezi ile analiz edilmistir. Elde edilen sonuclar secilen ornek alanlarda tabiat parki ve mesire yerleri arasinda anlamli farkliliklarin olmadigini ortaya koymustur. Secilen tabiat parklarinda gozlenen en onemli sorun alanlarin tabiat parki ozelliklerini barindiramayacak kadar kucuk ol","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82960147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Assessment of alternative log debarking methods by considering productivity Abstract: In Turkey, timber debarking stages are generally carried out by using axes. However, this method takes a lot of time and requires more work forces. Besides, the use of axe may cause wounds on trees during debarking activities. In recent years, chainsaw mounted debarking tools have been widely used in debarking stages due to performing jobs quicker with less labor force. In this study, two different debarking methods including using axes and debarking tool were analyzed by considering productivity. The field studies were conducted in Brutian Pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) stand located in Bahce Forest Enterprise Chief of Osmaniye Forest Enterprise Directorate in Adana Regional Forestry Directorate. As a result of study, the productivity of chainsaw mounted debarking tool was found to be five times higher than that of using axes for debarking. Keywords: Debarking, chainsaw mounted debarking tool, axe, productivity Alternatif kabuk soyma yontemlerinin verim acisindan incelenmesi Ozet: Ulkemizde odun hammaddesinin kabuklarinin soyulmasi asamasi genellikle balta kullanilarak gerceklestirilmektedir. Ancak, bu yontem cok fazla zaman almakta ve daha fazla isci gucu gerektirmektedir. Ayrica ormanda kabuklari soyulmadan kalan urunler boceklenme riski ile karsi karsiya kaldigindan, zaman kaybetmeden kabuk soyma islerinin bitirilmesi gerekmektedir. Son yillarda, motorlu testereye monte edilebilen kabuk soyma aparatlari, islerin daha kisa surede tamamlanmasi ve daha az is gucu gerektirmesi gibi faktorler nedeniyle ulkemizde daha yaygin kullanilmaya baslanmistir. Bu calismada, balta ve kabuk soyma aparati kullanilarak gerceklestirilen iki farkli kabuk soyma calismasi verim acisindan incelenmistir. Arazi calismalari Adana Orman Bolge Mudurlugu, Osmaniye Orman Isletme Mudurlugu, Bahce Orman Isletme Şefligi sinirlarinda kizilcam ( Pinus brutia Ten.) mesceresinde uygulanmistir. Sonuc olarak kabuk soyma aparatinin kullanilmasi durumunda balta ile kabuk soymaya oranla saatlik verim yaklasik bes misli daha yuksek bulunmustur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kabuk soyma, kabuk soyma aparati, balta, verim Received (Gelis): 19.02.2016 - Revised (Duzeltme): 13.04.2016 - Accepted (Kabul): 02.11.2016 Cite (Atif): Gulci, N., Akay, A.E., Erdas, O., 2017. Assessment of alternative log debarking methods by considering productivity. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University 67(2): xxx-xxx. DOI: 10.17099/jffiu.xxxxx
摘要:在土耳其，木材剥皮阶段通常使用斧头进行。然而，这种方法需要大量的时间和更多的劳动力。此外，在剥树皮的过程中，使用斧头可能会对树木造成伤害。近年来，链锯式剥离工具因其工作速度快，劳动力少而被广泛应用于剥离阶段。本文从生产率的角度出发，分析了两种不同的剥离方法，即使用轴和工具进行剥离。实地研究是在位于巴切森林企业的Brutian Pine (Pinus brutia Ten.)林场进行的。阿达纳区域林业局Osmaniye森林企业局局长。研究结果表明，链锯式脱屑工具的生产率是使用轴式脱屑工具的5倍。关键词:剥皮，链锯式剥皮工具，斧头，生产力，替代kabuk soyma yontemlerinin verim acisininincelenmesi Ozet: Ulkemizde odun hammaddesinin kabuklarinin soyulmasi asamasi, genellikta kullanilarak gercetilemektedir。我知道，但是我的名字叫“fazla zaman”，我的名字叫“fazla zaman”，我的名字叫“fazla zaman”。非洲和非洲的kabuklari soulmadan kalan ununler boceklenme riski karsi karsiya kaldigindan，亚洲和非洲之间的kabukuksoyma islin bitirilmesi gerekmetedir。孙亚东，汽车测试设备设备价值10亿美元，是一种新型的汽车测试设备，是一种新型的汽车测试设备，是一种新型的汽车测试设备，是一种新型的汽车测试设备。但是，白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜白菜。Arazi calismalari Adana Orman Bolge Mudurlugu, Osmaniye Orman Isletme Mudurlugu, Bahce Orman Isletme Şefligi sinirlarinda kizilcam (Pinus brutia Ten.) mesceresinde uygulanmistir。黄豆，黄豆，黄豆，黄豆，黄豆，黄豆，黄豆，黄豆，黄豆，黄豆，黄豆，黄豆，黄豆，黄豆。abanhtar Kelimeler: Kabuk soyma, Kabuk soyma aparati, balta, verim收稿(Gelis): 19.02.2016 -修订(Duzeltme): 13.04.2016 -接受(Kabul): 02.11.2016引用(Atif): Gulci, N.， Akay, A.E, Erdas, O.， 2017。从生产率的角度评价不同的测井方法。伊斯坦布尔大学林业学院学报67(2):xxx-xxx。DOI: 10.17099 / jffiu.xxxxx
{"title":"Assessment of alternative log debarking methods by considering productivity","authors":"Neşe Gülci, A. Akay, O. Erdaş","doi":"10.17099/jffiu.42542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/jffiu.42542","url":null,"abstract":"Assessment of alternative log debarking methods by considering productivity Abstract: In Turkey, timber debarking stages are generally carried out by using axes. However, this method takes a lot of time and requires more work forces. Besides, the use of axe may cause wounds on trees during debarking activities. In recent years, chainsaw mounted debarking tools have been widely used in debarking stages due to performing jobs quicker with less labor force. In this study, two different debarking methods including using axes and debarking tool were analyzed by considering productivity. The field studies were conducted in Brutian Pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) stand located in Bahce Forest Enterprise Chief of Osmaniye Forest Enterprise Directorate in Adana Regional Forestry Directorate. As a result of study, the productivity of chainsaw mounted debarking tool was found to be five times higher than that of using axes for debarking. Keywords: Debarking, chainsaw mounted debarking tool, axe, productivity Alternatif kabuk soyma yontemlerinin verim acisindan incelenmesi Ozet: Ulkemizde odun hammaddesinin kabuklarinin soyulmasi asamasi genellikle balta kullanilarak gerceklestirilmektedir. Ancak, bu yontem cok fazla zaman almakta ve daha fazla isci gucu gerektirmektedir. Ayrica ormanda kabuklari soyulmadan kalan urunler boceklenme riski ile karsi karsiya kaldigindan, zaman kaybetmeden kabuk soyma islerinin bitirilmesi gerekmektedir. Son yillarda, motorlu testereye monte edilebilen kabuk soyma aparatlari, islerin daha kisa surede tamamlanmasi ve daha az is gucu gerektirmesi gibi faktorler nedeniyle ulkemizde daha yaygin kullanilmaya baslanmistir. Bu calismada, balta ve kabuk soyma aparati kullanilarak gerceklestirilen iki farkli kabuk soyma calismasi verim acisindan incelenmistir. Arazi calismalari Adana Orman Bolge Mudurlugu, Osmaniye Orman Isletme Mudurlugu, Bahce Orman Isletme Şefligi sinirlarinda kizilcam ( Pinus brutia Ten.) mesceresinde uygulanmistir. Sonuc olarak kabuk soyma aparatinin kullanilmasi durumunda balta ile kabuk soymaya oranla saatlik verim yaklasik bes misli daha yuksek bulunmustur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kabuk soyma, kabuk soyma aparati, balta, verim Received (Gelis): 19.02.2016 - Revised (Duzeltme): 13.04.2016 - Accepted (Kabul): 02.11.2016 Cite (Atif): Gulci, N., Akay, A.E., Erdas, O., 2017. Assessment of alternative log debarking methods by considering productivity. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University 67(2): xxx-xxx. DOI: 10.17099/jffiu.xxxxx","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75316841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vahedberdi Sheikh, M. J. Shalamzari, Asghar Farajollahi
Sediment-bound soil nutrient loss under simulated rainfall Abstract: Soil erosion is not only the loss of soil particles, but also the loss of sediment-bounded nutrients and elements. One the principle methods of the assessment of soil erosion and nutrient loss, is to use rainfall simulators. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of land-use, slope gradient and direction on the loss of soil nutrients in Kechik Coupled Watershed Site in Golestan Province using rainfall simulation. In order to determine the sediment’s content of potassium, nitrogen and phosphorous, flame photometry, Kjedalhl and spectrophotometry methods were used. To estimate organic carbon, the Walkey-Black method was exercised. Given the results, the highest obtained values of nitrogen loss was attributed to the agricultural land-use. This follows rangeland and forest; although, with a slight difference. Potassium loss was greatest in the rangelands by 0.15 t.ha-1, and agriculture and forest ranked second and third. Soil nutrient loss in terms of phosphorus, was maximum in the forest land-use and then respectively, agriculture and rangelands. Soil organic carbon loss was maximally measured in the forest, rangeland and agriculture, respectively. In this study, two slope classes of 0-20 and 20-40 was considered in the forest and rangeland land-uses, while the classification of slope gradient in agricultural land-use was in different two classes of 0-15 and 15-30. According the findings, soil nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter loss was highest in case of the second slope gradient class (20-40% in rangelands and agricultural fields; 20-40% in forest land-uses) of all land-uses and aspects. Interestingly, soil potassium loss was greatest in the first slope class. Northern slope directions had the highest soil nutrient loss compared with the southern direction in all land-use types. The findings of this study put emphasis on the land-use management and primarily underlines the role of agricultural land-uses. Keywords: Nutrient loss, land-use, Kechik, erosion, BSTF1, Golestan Yagis simulasyonu modeli kullanarak toprak ve besin maddesi kayiplarinin hesaplanmasi Ozet: Toprak erozyonu sadece toprak parcaciklari kaybi degil, ayni zamanda besin ve elementlerin de kaybidir. Toprak erozyonu ve besin kaybini olcmek icin yagis simulatorleri kullanmaktir. Bu calismanin amaci, arazi kullanimi ve egim parametrelerini kullanarak Gulistan Eyaleti- Kechik su havzasinda yagis simulasyonu modeli kullanarak toprak ve besin kaybini hesaplamaktir. Sedimentlerdeki potasyum, azot ve fosfor icerigini belirlemek icin, Kjedalhl ve spektrofotometri yontemleri kullanilmistir. Organik karbon tahmini icin ise Walkey-Black Metodu kullanilmistir. Sonuclar goz onune alindiginda, azot kaybinin en yuksek oldugu alanlar tarimsal arazilerdir. Bunu; kucuk bir fark ile meralar ve orman izlemektedir. Potasyum kaybi 0.15 t.ha-1 ile en fazla meralarda gorulmus, tarim ve orman alanlari ise ikinci ve ucuncu sir
摘要:土壤侵蚀不仅是土壤颗粒的流失，而且是泥沙束缚态养分和元素的流失。评估土壤侵蚀和养分流失的主要方法之一是使用降雨模拟器。利用降雨模拟研究了哥列斯坦省Kechik耦合流域土地利用、坡度和方向对土壤养分流失的影响。为了测定沉积物中钾、氮、磷的含量，采用了火焰光度法、凯达尔法和分光光度法。采用Walkey-Black法估算有机碳。结果表明，氮素损失量最大的是农业土地利用。在牧场和森林之后;虽然，有一点不同。草地钾流失最大，为0.15 t.ha-1，其次为农业和林业。以磷为单位的土壤养分流失在森林利用地最大，其次是农业利用地和牧场利用地。土壤有机碳损失在森林、草地和农业中分别最大。本研究在森林和草地土地利用中考虑了0-20和20-40两个坡度等级，而在农业土地利用中则考虑了0-15和15-30两个坡度等级。结果表明，草地和农田的土壤氮、磷和有机质损失以第二级坡度最大(20 ~ 40%);占所有土地利用和方面的20-40%。有趣的是，第一类坡地的土壤钾流失最大。在所有土地利用类型中，北坡方向土壤养分流失最多，南坡方向土壤养分流失最多。这项研究的结果强调土地使用管理，并主要强调农业土地使用的作用。关键词:养分流失，土地利用，Kechik，侵蚀，BSTF1, Golestan Yagis模拟模型，kullanarak toprak - ve - maddesi - kayiplarin - the - planmasi Ozet: toprak - erozyonu sadece toprak - parcaciklari - kaybi - degil, ayni - zamanda - besin - the - kelbidir元素。托普拉克(Toprak)的腐蚀作用已被应用于kaybini火山爆发的模拟研究中。但是，在地震预报中，库拉尼地震系统参数、库拉尼地震系统参数、库拉尼地震系统参数、库拉尼地震系统参数、库拉尼地震系统参数、库拉尼地震系统参数、库拉尼地震系统参数、库拉尼地震系统参数、库拉尼地震系统参数、库拉尼地震系统参数、库拉尼地震系统参数、库拉尼地震系统参数、库拉尼地震系统参数、库拉尼地震系统参数、库拉尼地震系统参数、库拉尼地震系统参数等。沉淀物包括钾、氮、钾、钾、钾、钾、钾、钾、钾、钾、钾、钾、钾、钾。Walkey-Black Metodu kullanilmistir的有机碳塔尼米尼。声波探测仪，声波探测仪，声波探测仪，声波探测仪。Bunu;库库比克比克比克比克比克比克比克比克比克比克比克比克比克比克。钾钾比为0.15 .ha .1，可作为一种营养物质，可作为一种营养物质，可作为一种营养物质。在新疆，新疆，新疆，新疆，新疆，新疆，新疆，新疆，新疆，新疆，新疆，新疆，新疆，新疆。Bu calismada,兹•ve mera arazi kullanimlarinda kullanilan egim siniflari 0-20 ve - 40 olarak;Tarimsal arazi kullaniminda ise 0-15 ve 15-30 olarak Kabul edilmistir。Bulgular, topraktaki azot，为五种有机制成的kaybinin，在一种不同的化学体系中，在一种不同的化学体系中，在一种不同的化学体系中。但是，在地震中，地震是由地震引起的，地震是由地震引起的。塔里木盆地阿拉木图。阿纳赫塔尔·克里梅勒:Besin kaybi, arazi kullanimi, Kechik, erozyon, BTF1, Gulistan。接收(Gelis): 08.04.2016 -修订(Duzeltme): 24.05.2016 -接受(喀布尔):06.06.2016引用(Atif):谢赫，V.B.， Shalamzari, M.J, Farajollahi, A。模拟降雨条件下沉积物束缚土壤养分流失。伊斯坦布尔大学林业学院学报，67(1):37-78。DOI: 10.17099 / jffiu.95610
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S. A. Arami, E. Alvandi, Mahtab Frootandanesh, N. Tahmasebipour, E. Sangchini
Prioritization of watersheds in order to perform administrative measures using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process Abstract: Prioritization of watersheds in order to perform administrative measures is necessary and inevitable. Determining areas of top priority for flood control projects is a managerial decision that should be approved by studies of physical, social and economic status of the region of interesrt and by assessing the outcomes of the past operations. Therefore, the aim of this research was to study morphological and physiographic characteristics, and to use geographic information systems (GIS) and multi-criteria decision-making methods (MCDM), to identify the critical sub-basins which have the tendency to be destructed, in Galikesh watershed, Golestan province. This watershed is important, yet critical, in terms of land use change, erosion and flooding in the Golestan Province, Iran. In total, nine morphological parameters were used to prioritize sub-watersheds using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP). The morphological parameters were by some means linked to watershed drainage system. Based on FAHP approach, sub-basins, as vulnerable zones, have been evaluated and cetegorized in five priority levels (very low, low, medium, high and very high levels). The results showed that 44.44% and 22.22% of sub-basins were categorized respectively under average, and high to very high levels, suggesting that the conservation and management measures are essential in order to maintain stability in the region. Thus, the FAHP technique is a practical and convenient method to show potential zones in order to implement effective management strategies, especially in areas where data availability is low and soil diversity is high. Finally, it can be said that without having to encounter high costs and a waste of time, sub-basins could be categorized by means of morphometric parameters in order to implement conservational measures to simutaneously conserve soil and the environment. Keywords: watersheds priority, FAHP, GIS, multi-criteria decision making, Galikesh watershed Su havzalarinda idari tedbirlerin bulanik analitik hiyerarsi yontemi kullanilarak onceliklendirilmesi Ozet: Idari tedbirleri gerceklestirmek icin havza onceliklendirilmesi gerekli ve kacinilmazdir. Taskin kontrolu projeleri icin oncelikli alanlari belirleme yonetimsel bir karardir ve bu karar; soz konusu bolgenin fiziksel, sosyal ve ekonomik statusu ile gecmisteki islemlerinin sonuclarini degerlendirerek alinmalidir. Bu nedenle, calismanin amaci cografi bilgi sistemleri (CBS) ve coklu kriterleri karar verme yontemleri (MCDM) kullanarak Gulistan eyaleti- Galikesh havzasinda tahrip edilme riski tasiyan havzalarin morfolojik ve fizyografik ozelliklerini incelemektir. Iran'in Gulistan Eyaleti icerisinde bulunan bu havza kritik bir sekilde erozyon ve taskin riski tasimaktadir. Toplamda, dokuz morfolojik parametre bulanik analitik hiyerarsi sureci (FAHP) icin kullanildi ve bu morfolojik
摘要:流域行政措施优先排序是实施行政措施的必要和必然。确定防洪工程的最优先领域是一项管理决策，应该通过对有关地区的自然、社会和经济状况的研究以及对过去行动结果的评估来批准。因此，本研究的目的是研究Galikesh流域的形态和地理特征，并利用地理信息系统(GIS)和多准则决策方法(MCDM)识别具有破坏倾向的关键子流域。就伊朗戈列斯坦省的土地利用变化、侵蚀和洪水而言，这一分水岭很重要，但也很关键。采用模糊层次分析法(FAHP)，利用9个形态参数对子流域进行排序。形态参数与流域排水系统有一定的联系。基于FAHP方法，对作为脆弱区的子流域进行了评价，并将其划分为5个优先级别(极低、低、中、高和极高)。结果表明，44.44%和22.22%的子流域被划分为“中等”和“高”至“非常高”级别，表明为保持区域稳定，必须采取保护管理措施。因此，FAHP技术是一种实用且方便的方法来显示潜在区域，以便实施有效的管理策略，特别是在数据可用性低和土壤多样性高的地区。最后，可以认为，在不产生高成本和浪费时间的情况下，利用形态计量参数对子流域进行分类，可以实施保护措施，同时保持土壤和环境。关键词:流域优先级，FAHP, GIS，多准则决策，Galikesh流域Su havzalarinda idarididbirlerin bulanik analyitik hierarsi yontemi kullanilak onceliklendirilmesi gereklive kacinilmazdir。任务控制系统是一种基于任务控制系统的系统，它可以使一个人对自己的行为进行控制。社会经济地位、社会经济地位、社会经济地位、社会经济地位、社会经济地位、社会经济地位、社会经济地位、社会经济地位、社会经济地位、社会经济地位。但针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针、针。伊朗的古利斯坦·埃利亚蒂(gullistan Eyaleti)在布隆迪境内进行了一项研究，但他批评说，这是一项危险的任务。结果表明，基于形态学参数的分析方法(FAHP)可以较好地解决上述问题，而基于形态学参数的分析方法则可以较好地解决这一问题。但是，你要做的一切都是有意义的。hasas bolgeler olarak, degerlendiilmis是一种有代表性的duzeyi (cok dusuk, dusuk, orta, yuksek, yuksek, seviyek)的seklinde分类edilmisir。Sonuclar;Koruma的一项研究表明，该研究的主要内容是:在一种特殊的环境中，在一种特殊的环境中，在一种特殊的环境中，在一种特殊的环境中。oraninda cok yuksek duzeyde korunmasi gerektigini vurgulamistir。布拉尼克的分析方法是:hiyerarsi yontemi, ozellike的分析方法是:veri kullanilabili的分析方法是:veri kullanilabili的分析方法是:veri kullanilabili的分析方法是:bolgelerde;Son olarak, yuksek maliyetler, zaman kaybi和karsilasmaya gerek kalmadan，以及havzalar形态测量参数测量器kullanilarak toprak，已经建立了korumasi acisdin和分类edilebilmesini saglamaktadir。anhtar Kelimeler: Su havzalari onceligi, FAHP, CBS, cok kriterli karar verme, Galikesh havzasi收稿(Gelis): 28.01.2016 -修订(Duzeltme): 17.02.2016 -接受(Kabul): 24.02.2016引用(Atif): Arami, S.A, Alvandi, E.， Frootandanesh, M.， Tahmasebipour, N.， Sangchini, E.K, 2017。运用模糊层次分析法对流域进行排序，以便实施行政管理措施。伊斯坦布尔大学林业学院学报，67(1):13-21。DOI: 10.17099 / jffiu.16433
{"title":"Prioritization of watersheds in order to perform administrative measures using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process","authors":"S. A. Arami, E. Alvandi, Mahtab Frootandanesh, N. Tahmasebipour, E. Sangchini","doi":"10.17099/JFFIU.16433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/JFFIU.16433","url":null,"abstract":"Prioritization of watersheds in order to perform administrative measures using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process Abstract: Prioritization of watersheds in order to perform administrative measures is necessary and inevitable. Determining areas of top priority for flood control projects is a managerial decision that should be approved by studies of physical, social and economic status of the region of interesrt and by assessing the outcomes of the past operations. Therefore, the aim of this research was to study morphological and physiographic characteristics, and to use geographic information systems (GIS) and multi-criteria decision-making methods (MCDM), to identify the critical sub-basins which have the tendency to be destructed, in Galikesh watershed, Golestan province. This watershed is important, yet critical, in terms of land use change, erosion and flooding in the Golestan Province, Iran. In total, nine morphological parameters were used to prioritize sub-watersheds using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP). The morphological parameters were by some means linked to watershed drainage system. Based on FAHP approach, sub-basins, as vulnerable zones, have been evaluated and cetegorized in five priority levels (very low, low, medium, high and very high levels). The results showed that 44.44% and 22.22% of sub-basins were categorized respectively under average, and high to very high levels, suggesting that the conservation and management measures are essential in order to maintain stability in the region. Thus, the FAHP technique is a practical and convenient method to show potential zones in order to implement effective management strategies, especially in areas where data availability is low and soil diversity is high. Finally, it can be said that without having to encounter high costs and a waste of time, sub-basins could be categorized by means of morphometric parameters in order to implement conservational measures to simutaneously conserve soil and the environment. Keywords: watersheds priority, FAHP, GIS, multi-criteria decision making, Galikesh watershed Su havzalarinda idari tedbirlerin bulanik analitik hiyerarsi yontemi kullanilarak onceliklendirilmesi Ozet: Idari tedbirleri gerceklestirmek icin havza onceliklendirilmesi gerekli ve kacinilmazdir. Taskin kontrolu projeleri icin oncelikli alanlari belirleme yonetimsel bir karardir ve bu karar; soz konusu bolgenin fiziksel, sosyal ve ekonomik statusu ile gecmisteki islemlerinin sonuclarini degerlendirerek alinmalidir. Bu nedenle, calismanin amaci cografi bilgi sistemleri (CBS) ve coklu kriterleri karar verme yontemleri (MCDM) kullanarak Gulistan eyaleti- Galikesh havzasinda tahrip edilme riski tasiyan havzalarin morfolojik ve fizyografik ozelliklerini incelemektir. Iran'in Gulistan Eyaleti icerisinde bulunan bu havza kritik bir sekilde erozyon ve taskin riski tasimaktadir. Toplamda, dokuz morfolojik parametre bulanik analitik hiyerarsi sureci (FAHP) icin kullanildi ve bu morfolojik","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":"2 1","pages":"13-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76226241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kent ormanlari icin, dogal tahripler insan kaynakli tahriplere nispeten daha nadirdir. Bununla birlikte, siddetli firtinalar gibi etkili dogal afetler aslinda yikici olabilir. Ani yaprak dokumu, firtinanin siddetini ortaya koyan onemli isaretlerden biridir. Cok amacli bir bitki ortusu parametresi olan Yaprak Alan Indisi (YAI), govde, dal kirilmalari ve kok sokulmesi ile birlikte cereyan eden yaprak dusmesinin bir sonucu olan yaprak dokumunun gostergesi olarak kullanilabilir. Bu fikir cercevesinde, Turkiye’nin kuzeybatisinda yer alan Bartin Il’ine bagli Balamba kent orman parcaciginda, siddetli firtina oncesi ve sonrasindaki Carpinus betulus agaclarinin YAI analiz edilmistir. Şiddetli firtinanin maksimum hizi saatte 117 km olup, agaclari harap etmeye yetmistir. Dolayisiyla, ani yaprak dokumunun bir sonucu olarak, hem rekreasyon hem de kontrol alanlarinda YAI, zararin siddetini ortaya koyarcasina %24 azalmistir. Yogun yagisla ozdeslesen ve bolgede maksimum hizlara sahip ruzgârlari temsil eden lodos, boyle bir degisime yol acmistir. Şiddetli firtinanin oncesi ve sonrasinda olaganustu meteorolojik verilerin gorulmemesi, ruzgâr hizinin boyle bir zararin temel sebebi oldugunu ifade etmektedir. YAI’nin hem rekreasyon hem de kontrol alanlarinda esit oranlarda azalmasi, rekreasyona bagli toprak sikismasinin ruzgar devrigi uzerinde herhangi belirgin bir etkisinin olmadiginin gostergesidir. Yillik maksimum ruzgâr hizlarinin bilhassa son on bes yil icerisindeki dalgalanmasi muhtemel iklim degisikliginin alametleridir.
{"title":"Pre- and post-windstorm leaf area index of Carpinus betulus trees in an urban forest patch.","authors":"M. Öztürk, İ. Bolat","doi":"10.17099/JFFIU.34537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17099/JFFIU.34537","url":null,"abstract":"Kent ormanlari icin, dogal tahripler insan kaynakli tahriplere nispeten daha nadirdir. Bununla birlikte, siddetli firtinalar gibi etkili dogal afetler aslinda yikici olabilir. Ani yaprak dokumu, firtinanin siddetini ortaya koyan onemli isaretlerden biridir. Cok amacli bir bitki ortusu parametresi olan Yaprak Alan Indisi (YAI), govde, dal kirilmalari ve kok sokulmesi ile birlikte cereyan eden yaprak dusmesinin bir sonucu olan yaprak dokumunun gostergesi olarak kullanilabilir. Bu fikir cercevesinde, Turkiye’nin kuzeybatisinda yer alan Bartin Il’ine bagli Balamba kent orman parcaciginda, siddetli firtina oncesi ve sonrasindaki Carpinus betulus agaclarinin YAI analiz edilmistir. Şiddetli firtinanin maksimum hizi saatte 117 km olup, agaclari harap etmeye yetmistir. Dolayisiyla, ani yaprak dokumunun bir sonucu olarak, hem rekreasyon hem de kontrol alanlarinda YAI, zararin siddetini ortaya koyarcasina %24 azalmistir. Yogun yagisla ozdeslesen ve bolgede maksimum hizlara sahip ruzgârlari temsil eden lodos, boyle bir degisime yol acmistir. Şiddetli firtinanin oncesi ve sonrasinda olaganustu meteorolojik verilerin gorulmemesi, ruzgâr hizinin boyle bir zararin temel sebebi oldugunu ifade etmektedir. YAI’nin hem rekreasyon hem de kontrol alanlarinda esit oranlarda azalmasi, rekreasyona bagli toprak sikismasinin ruzgar devrigi uzerinde herhangi belirgin bir etkisinin olmadiginin gostergesidir. Yillik maksimum ruzgâr hizlarinin bilhassa son on bes yil icerisindeki dalgalanmasi muhtemel iklim degisikliginin alametleridir.","PeriodicalId":17682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University","volume":"27 1","pages":"513-523"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83988763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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