Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-05-24DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.006
Zhaoheng Zhang, Dan Liu, Binyong Li, Wenxi Wang, Jize Zhang, Mingming Xin, Zhaorong Hu, Jie Liu, Jinkun Du, Huiru Peng, Chenyang Hao, Xueyong Zhang, Zhongfu Ni, Qixin Sun, Weilong Guo, Yingyin Yao
Wheat is a staple food for more than 35% of the world's population, with wheat flour used to make hundreds of baked goods. Superior end-use quality is a major breeding target; however, improving it is especially time-consuming and expensive. Furthermore, genes encoding seed-storage proteins (SSPs) form multi-gene families and are repetitive, with gaps commonplace in several genome assemblies. To overcome these barriers and efficiently identify superior wheat SSP alleles, we developed "PanSK" (Pan-SSP k-mer) for genotype-to-phenotype prediction based on an SSP-based pangenome resource. PanSK uses 29-mer sequences that represent each SSP gene at the pangenomic level to reveal untapped diversity across landraces and modern cultivars. Genome-wide association studies with k-mers identified 23 SSP genes associated with end-use quality that represent novel targets for improvement. We evaluated the effect of rye secalin genes on end-use quality and found that removal of ω-secalins from 1BL/1RS wheat translocation lines is associated with enhanced end-use quality. Finally, using machine-learning-based prediction inspired by PanSK, we predicted the quality phenotypes with high accuracy from genotypes alone. This study provides an effective approach for genome design based on SSP genes, enabling the breeding of wheat varieties with superior processing capabilities and improved end-use quality.
{"title":"A k-mer-based pangenome approach for cataloging seed-storage-protein genes in wheat to facilitate genotype-to-phenotype prediction and improvement of end-use quality.","authors":"Zhaoheng Zhang, Dan Liu, Binyong Li, Wenxi Wang, Jize Zhang, Mingming Xin, Zhaorong Hu, Jie Liu, Jinkun Du, Huiru Peng, Chenyang Hao, Xueyong Zhang, Zhongfu Ni, Qixin Sun, Weilong Guo, Yingyin Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wheat is a staple food for more than 35% of the world's population, with wheat flour used to make hundreds of baked goods. Superior end-use quality is a major breeding target; however, improving it is especially time-consuming and expensive. Furthermore, genes encoding seed-storage proteins (SSPs) form multi-gene families and are repetitive, with gaps commonplace in several genome assemblies. To overcome these barriers and efficiently identify superior wheat SSP alleles, we developed \"PanSK\" (Pan-SSP k-mer) for genotype-to-phenotype prediction based on an SSP-based pangenome resource. PanSK uses 29-mer sequences that represent each SSP gene at the pangenomic level to reveal untapped diversity across landraces and modern cultivars. Genome-wide association studies with k-mers identified 23 SSP genes associated with end-use quality that represent novel targets for improvement. We evaluated the effect of rye secalin genes on end-use quality and found that removal of ω-secalins from 1BL/1RS wheat translocation lines is associated with enhanced end-use quality. Finally, using machine-learning-based prediction inspired by PanSK, we predicted the quality phenotypes with high accuracy from genotypes alone. This study provides an effective approach for genome design based on SSP genes, enabling the breeding of wheat varieties with superior processing capabilities and improved end-use quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-06-13DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.06.007
Yonghao Sun, Liang Dong, Lu Kang, Wanshun Zhong, David Jackson, Fang Yang
Maize develops separate ear and tassel inflorescences with initially similar morphology but ultimately different architecture and sexuality. The detailed regulatory mechanisms underlying these changes still remain largely unclear. In this study, through analyzing the time-course meristem transcriptomes and floret single-cell transcriptomes of ear and tassel, we revealed the regulatory dynamics and pathways underlying inflorescence development and sex differentiation. We identified 16 diverse gene clusters with differential spatiotemporal expression patterns and revealed biased regulation of redox, programmed cell death, and hormone signals during meristem differentiation between ear and tassel. Notably, based on their dynamic expression patterns, we revealed the roles of two RNA-binding proteins in regulating inflorescence meristem activity and axillary meristem formation. Moreover, using the transcriptional profiles of 53 910 single cells, we uncovered the cellular heterogeneity between ear and tassel florets. We found that multiple signals associated with either enhanced cell death or reduced growth are responsible for tassel pistil suppression, while part of the gibberellic acid signal may act non-cell-autonomously to regulate ear stamen arrest during sex differentiation. We further showed that the pistil-protection gene SILKLESS 1 (SK1) functions antagonistically to the known pistil-suppression genes through regulating common molecular pathways, and constructed a regulatory network for pistil-fate determination. Collectively, our study provides a deep understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying inflorescence development and sex differentiation in maize, laying the foundation for identifying new regulators and pathways for maize hybrid breeding and improvement.
玉米的穗花序和抽穗花序最初形态相似,但最后结构和性状却不同。这些变化背后的详细调控机制在很大程度上仍不清楚。本研究通过分析穗和缨的分生组织转录组和小花单细胞转录组,揭示了花序发育和性别分化的调控动态和途径。我们发现了16个具有不同时空表达模式的基因簇,并揭示了氧化还原、程序性细胞死亡和激素信号对穗和缨之间分生组织分化的偏向调控。特别是,根据它们的动态模式,我们揭示了两种 RNA 结合蛋白在调控花序分生组织活性和腋生分生组织形成中的作用。此外,利用 53,910 个单细胞的转录图谱,我们发现了穗小花和缨小花之间的细胞异质性。我们发现,与细胞死亡增强或生长减弱相关的多种信号是造成穗状花序雌蕊抑制的原因,而部分 GA 信号可能在性分化过程中以非细胞自主的方式调节穗状花序雄蕊的停滞。我们进一步发现,雌蕊保护基因SILKLESS 1(SK1)通过调控共同的分子通路与已知的雌蕊抑制基因起拮抗作用,并构建了雌蕊命运决定的调控模型。总之,我们的研究加深了对玉米花序发育和性别分化调控机制的理解,为确定玉米杂交育种和改良的新调控因子和途径奠定了基础。
{"title":"Progressive meristem and single-cell transcriptomes reveal the regulatory mechanisms underlying maize inflorescence development and sex differentiation.","authors":"Yonghao Sun, Liang Dong, Lu Kang, Wanshun Zhong, David Jackson, Fang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2024.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molp.2024.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maize develops separate ear and tassel inflorescences with initially similar morphology but ultimately different architecture and sexuality. The detailed regulatory mechanisms underlying these changes still remain largely unclear. In this study, through analyzing the time-course meristem transcriptomes and floret single-cell transcriptomes of ear and tassel, we revealed the regulatory dynamics and pathways underlying inflorescence development and sex differentiation. We identified 16 diverse gene clusters with differential spatiotemporal expression patterns and revealed biased regulation of redox, programmed cell death, and hormone signals during meristem differentiation between ear and tassel. Notably, based on their dynamic expression patterns, we revealed the roles of two RNA-binding proteins in regulating inflorescence meristem activity and axillary meristem formation. Moreover, using the transcriptional profiles of 53 910 single cells, we uncovered the cellular heterogeneity between ear and tassel florets. We found that multiple signals associated with either enhanced cell death or reduced growth are responsible for tassel pistil suppression, while part of the gibberellic acid signal may act non-cell-autonomously to regulate ear stamen arrest during sex differentiation. We further showed that the pistil-protection gene SILKLESS 1 (SK1) functions antagonistically to the known pistil-suppression genes through regulating common molecular pathways, and constructed a regulatory network for pistil-fate determination. Collectively, our study provides a deep understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying inflorescence development and sex differentiation in maize, laying the foundation for identifying new regulators and pathways for maize hybrid breeding and improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141321277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-05-27DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.008
Francisco J Escaray, Amelia Felipo-Benavent, Cristian J Antonelli, Begoña Balaguer, Maria Pilar Lopez-Gresa, Pablo Vera
The gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen that causes diseases in hundreds of plant species, including high-value crops. Its polyxenous nature and pathogenic success are due to its ability to perceive host signals in its favor. In this study, we found that laticifer cells of Euphorbia lathyris are a source of susceptibility factors required by B. cinerea to cause disease. Consequently, poor-in-latex (pil) mutants, which lack laticifer cells, show full resistance to this pathogen, whereas lot-of-latex mutants, which produce more laticifer cells, are hypersusceptible. These S factors are triterpenoid saponins, which are widely distributed natural products of vast structural diversity. The downregulation of laticifer-specific oxydosqualene cyclase genes, which encode the first committed step enzymes for triterpene and, therefore, saponin biosynthesis, conferred disease resistance to B. cinerea. Likewise, the Medicago truncatula lha-1 mutant, compromised in triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis, showed enhanced resistance. Interestingly, the application of different purified triterpenoid saponins pharmacologically complemented the disease-resistant phenotype of pil and hla-1 mutants and enhanced disease susceptibility in different plant species. We found that triterpenoid saponins function as plant cues that signal transcriptional reprogramming in B. cinerea, leading to a change in its growth habit and infection strategy, culminating in the abundant formation of infection cushions, the multicellular appressoria apparatus dedicated to plant penetration and biomass destruction in B. cinerea. Taken together, these results provide an explanation for how plant triterpenoid saponins function as disease susceptibility factors to promote B. cinerea pathogenicity.
灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)是一种坏死性病原体,可导致数百种植物(包括高价值作物)发病。这种多腺性和致病性的成功是由于它能够感知寄主对其有利的信号。我们发现,Euphorbia lathyris 的小叶细胞是 B. cinerea 致病所需的易感因子(S)的来源。因此,缺乏鳞叶细胞的poor-in-latex(pil)突变体对这种病原体表现出完全的抗性,而产生更多鳞叶细胞的lot-of-latex(lol)突变体则易感。这些 S因子是三萜类皂苷,是分布广泛、结构多样的天然产物。下调拉蒂西弗特异性氧代喹啉环化酶(OSCs)基因(OSCs 编码三萜类生物合成的第一步酶,因此也是皂苷生物合成的第一步酶)可增强对 B. cinerea 的抗病性。同样,Medicago truncatula lha-1 突变体的三萜类皂苷生物合成受到影响,但其抗病性有所增强。有趣的是,不同纯化三萜类皂苷的药理应用补充了 pil 和 hla-1 突变体的抗病表型,并增强了不同植物物种对疾病的敏感性。我们发现,三萜类皂苷作为植物线索,可发出信号,对银环孢菌进行转录重编程,从而改变其生长习性和感染策略,最终大量形成感染垫(IC),这是银环孢菌专门用于植物穿透和生物量破坏的多细胞附生器。我们的研究结果解释了植物三萜类皂苷如何作为疾病易感性因子(S)促进 B. cinerea 的致病性。
{"title":"Plant triterpenoid saponins function as susceptibility factors to promote the pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea.","authors":"Francisco J Escaray, Amelia Felipo-Benavent, Cristian J Antonelli, Begoña Balaguer, Maria Pilar Lopez-Gresa, Pablo Vera","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen that causes diseases in hundreds of plant species, including high-value crops. Its polyxenous nature and pathogenic success are due to its ability to perceive host signals in its favor. In this study, we found that laticifer cells of Euphorbia lathyris are a source of susceptibility factors required by B. cinerea to cause disease. Consequently, poor-in-latex (pil) mutants, which lack laticifer cells, show full resistance to this pathogen, whereas lot-of-latex mutants, which produce more laticifer cells, are hypersusceptible. These S factors are triterpenoid saponins, which are widely distributed natural products of vast structural diversity. The downregulation of laticifer-specific oxydosqualene cyclase genes, which encode the first committed step enzymes for triterpene and, therefore, saponin biosynthesis, conferred disease resistance to B. cinerea. Likewise, the Medicago truncatula lha-1 mutant, compromised in triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis, showed enhanced resistance. Interestingly, the application of different purified triterpenoid saponins pharmacologically complemented the disease-resistant phenotype of pil and hla-1 mutants and enhanced disease susceptibility in different plant species. We found that triterpenoid saponins function as plant cues that signal transcriptional reprogramming in B. cinerea, leading to a change in its growth habit and infection strategy, culminating in the abundant formation of infection cushions, the multicellular appressoria apparatus dedicated to plant penetration and biomass destruction in B. cinerea. Taken together, these results provide an explanation for how plant triterpenoid saponins function as disease susceptibility factors to promote B. cinerea pathogenicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141162267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-05-27DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.007
Wenwen Chang, Qiao Qiao, Qingtian Li, Xin Li, Yanyan Li, Xiahe Huang, Yingchun Wang, Jiayang Li, Bing Wang, Lei Wang
Karrikins and strigolactones govern plant development and environmental responses through closely related signaling pathways. The transcriptional repressor proteins SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1 (SMAX1), SMAX1-like2 (SMXL2), and D53-like SMXLs mediate karrikin and strigolactone signaling by directly binding downstream genes or by inhibiting the activities of transcription factors. In this study, we characterized the non-transcriptional regulatory activities of SMXL proteins in Arabidopsis. We discovered that SMAX1 and SMXL2 with mutations in their ethylene-response factor-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motif had undetectable or weak transcriptional repression activities but still partially rescued the hypocotyl elongation defects and fully reversed the cotyledon epinasty defects of the smax1 smxl2 mutant. SMAX1 and SMXL2 directly interact with PHYTOCHROME INTERACTION FACTOR 4 (PIF4) and PIF5 to enhance their protein stability by interacting with phytochrome B (phyB) and suppressing the association of phyB with PIF4 and PIF5. The karrikin-responsive genes were then identified by treatment with GR24ent-5DS, a GR24 analog showing karrikin activity. Interestingly, INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE 29 (IAA29) expression was repressed by GR24ent-5DS treatment in a PIF4- and PIF5-dependent and EAR-independent manner, whereas KARRIKIN UPREGULATED F-BOX 1 (KUF1) expression was induced in a PIF4- and PIF5-independent and EAR-dependent manner. Furthermore, the non-transcriptional regulatory activity of SMAX1, which is independent of the EAR motif, had a global effect on gene expression. Taken together, these results indicate that non-transcriptional regulatory activities of SMAX1 and SMXL2 mediate karrikin-regulated seedling response to red light.
{"title":"Non-transcriptional regulatory activity of SMAX1 and SMXL2 mediates karrikin-regulated seedling response to red light in Arabidopsis.","authors":"Wenwen Chang, Qiao Qiao, Qingtian Li, Xin Li, Yanyan Li, Xiahe Huang, Yingchun Wang, Jiayang Li, Bing Wang, Lei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Karrikins and strigolactones govern plant development and environmental responses through closely related signaling pathways. The transcriptional repressor proteins SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1 (SMAX1), SMAX1-like2 (SMXL2), and D53-like SMXLs mediate karrikin and strigolactone signaling by directly binding downstream genes or by inhibiting the activities of transcription factors. In this study, we characterized the non-transcriptional regulatory activities of SMXL proteins in Arabidopsis. We discovered that SMAX1 and SMXL2 with mutations in their ethylene-response factor-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motif had undetectable or weak transcriptional repression activities but still partially rescued the hypocotyl elongation defects and fully reversed the cotyledon epinasty defects of the smax1 smxl2 mutant. SMAX1 and SMXL2 directly interact with PHYTOCHROME INTERACTION FACTOR 4 (PIF4) and PIF5 to enhance their protein stability by interacting with phytochrome B (phyB) and suppressing the association of phyB with PIF4 and PIF5. The karrikin-responsive genes were then identified by treatment with GR24<sup>ent-5DS</sup>, a GR24 analog showing karrikin activity. Interestingly, INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE 29 (IAA29) expression was repressed by GR24<sup>ent-5DS</sup> treatment in a PIF4- and PIF5-dependent and EAR-independent manner, whereas KARRIKIN UPREGULATED F-BOX 1 (KUF1) expression was induced in a PIF4- and PIF5-independent and EAR-dependent manner. Furthermore, the non-transcriptional regulatory activity of SMAX1, which is independent of the EAR motif, had a global effect on gene expression. Taken together, these results indicate that non-transcriptional regulatory activities of SMAX1 and SMXL2 mediate karrikin-regulated seedling response to red light.</p>","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141162263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-05-31DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.010
Hao Li, Yajuan Ou, Jidan Zhang, Kui Huang, Ping Wu, Xiaoli Guo, Hui Zhu, Yangrong Cao
The precise control of receptor levels is crucial for initiating cellular signaling transduction in response to specific ligands; however, such mechanisms regulating nodulation factor (NF) receptor (NFR)-mediated perception of NFs to establish symbiosis remain unclear. In this study, we unveil the pivotal role of the NFR-interacting RING-type E3 ligase 1 (NIRE1) in regulating NFR1/NFR5 homeostasis to optimize rhizobial infection and nodule development in Lotus japonicus. We demonstrated that NIRE1 has a dual function in this regulatory process. It associates with both NFR1 and NFR5, facilitating their degradation through K48-linked polyubiquitination before rhizobial inoculation. However, following rhizobial inoculation, NFR1 phosphorylates NIRE1 at a conserved residue, Tyr-109, inducing a functional switch in NIRE1, which enables NIRE1 to mediate K63-linked polyubiquitination, thereby stabilizing NFR1/NFR5 in infected root cells. The introduction of phospho-dead NIRE1Y109F leads to delayed nodule development, underscoring the significance of phosphorylation at Tyr-109 in orchestrating symbiotic processes. Conversely, expression of the phospho-mimic NIRE1Y109E results in the formation of spontaneous nodules in L. japonicus, further emphasizing the critical role of the phosphorylation-dependent functional switch in NIRE1. In summary, these findings uncover a fine-tuned symbiotic mechanism that a single E3 ligase could undergo a phosphorylation-dependent functional switch to dynamically and precisely regulate NF receptor protein levels.
{"title":"Dynamic modulation of nodulation factor receptor levels by phosphorylation-mediated functional switch of a RING-type E3 ligase during legume nodulation.","authors":"Hao Li, Yajuan Ou, Jidan Zhang, Kui Huang, Ping Wu, Xiaoli Guo, Hui Zhu, Yangrong Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The precise control of receptor levels is crucial for initiating cellular signaling transduction in response to specific ligands; however, such mechanisms regulating nodulation factor (NF) receptor (NFR)-mediated perception of NFs to establish symbiosis remain unclear. In this study, we unveil the pivotal role of the NFR-interacting RING-type E3 ligase 1 (NIRE1) in regulating NFR1/NFR5 homeostasis to optimize rhizobial infection and nodule development in Lotus japonicus. We demonstrated that NIRE1 has a dual function in this regulatory process. It associates with both NFR1 and NFR5, facilitating their degradation through K48-linked polyubiquitination before rhizobial inoculation. However, following rhizobial inoculation, NFR1 phosphorylates NIRE1 at a conserved residue, Tyr-109, inducing a functional switch in NIRE1, which enables NIRE1 to mediate K63-linked polyubiquitination, thereby stabilizing NFR1/NFR5 in infected root cells. The introduction of phospho-dead NIRE1<sup>Y109F</sup> leads to delayed nodule development, underscoring the significance of phosphorylation at Tyr-109 in orchestrating symbiotic processes. Conversely, expression of the phospho-mimic NIRE1<sup>Y109E</sup> results in the formation of spontaneous nodules in L. japonicus, further emphasizing the critical role of the phosphorylation-dependent functional switch in NIRE1. In summary, these findings uncover a fine-tuned symbiotic mechanism that a single E3 ligase could undergo a phosphorylation-dependent functional switch to dynamically and precisely regulate NF receptor protein levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141186854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-06-06DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.06.002
You-Jin Lim, Yong-Hwan Lee
{"title":"Guardian of the rice: Unveiling OsSSP1 for broad-spectrum disease resistance.","authors":"You-Jin Lim, Yong-Hwan Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molp.2024.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141288359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-03Epub Date: 2024-05-23DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.005
Fan Xu, Daolei Zhang, Liang Le, Li Pu
{"title":"Polycomb and trithorax: Their yin-yang dynamics in plants.","authors":"Fan Xu, Daolei Zhang, Liang Le, Li Pu","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141088493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-03Epub Date: 2024-05-07DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.001
Qibin Wang, Qiuyue Guo, Qingbiao Shi, Hengjia Yang, Meiling Liu, Yani Niu, Shuxuan Quan, Di Xu, Xiaofeng Chen, Laiyi Li, Wenchang Xu, Fanying Kong, Haisen Zhang, Pinghua Li, Bosheng Li, Gang Li
Leaf angle (LA) is a crucial factor that affects planting density and yield in maize. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying LA formation remain largely unknown. In this study, we performed a comparative histological analysis of the ligular region across various maize inbred lines and revealed that LA is significantly influenced by a two-step regulatory process involving initial cell elongation followed by subsequent lignification in the ligular adaxial sclerenchyma cells (SCs). Subsequently, we performed both bulk and single-nucleus RNA sequencing, generated a comprehensive transcriptomic atlas of the ligular region, and identified numerous genes enriched in the hypodermal cells that may influence their specialization into SCs. Furthermore, we functionally characterized two genes encoding atypical basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors, bHLH30 and its homolog bHLH155, which are highly expressed in the elongated adaxial cells. Genetic analyses revealed that bHLH30 and bHLH155 positively regulate LA expansion, and molecular experiments demonstrated their ability to activate the transcription of genes involved in cell elongation and lignification of SCs. These findings highlight the specialized functions of ligular adaxial SCs in LA regulation by restricting further extension of ligular cells and enhancing mechanical strength. The transcriptomic atlas of the ligular region at single-nucleus resolution not only deepens our understanding of LA regulation but also enables identification of numerous potential targets for optimizing plant architecture in modern maize breeding.
{"title":"Histological and single-nucleus transcriptome analyses reveal the specialized functions of ligular sclerenchyma cells and key regulators of leaf angle in maize.","authors":"Qibin Wang, Qiuyue Guo, Qingbiao Shi, Hengjia Yang, Meiling Liu, Yani Niu, Shuxuan Quan, Di Xu, Xiaofeng Chen, Laiyi Li, Wenchang Xu, Fanying Kong, Haisen Zhang, Pinghua Li, Bosheng Li, Gang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molp.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leaf angle (LA) is a crucial factor that affects planting density and yield in maize. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying LA formation remain largely unknown. In this study, we performed a comparative histological analysis of the ligular region across various maize inbred lines and revealed that LA is significantly influenced by a two-step regulatory process involving initial cell elongation followed by subsequent lignification in the ligular adaxial sclerenchyma cells (SCs). Subsequently, we performed both bulk and single-nucleus RNA sequencing, generated a comprehensive transcriptomic atlas of the ligular region, and identified numerous genes enriched in the hypodermal cells that may influence their specialization into SCs. Furthermore, we functionally characterized two genes encoding atypical basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors, bHLH30 and its homolog bHLH155, which are highly expressed in the elongated adaxial cells. Genetic analyses revealed that bHLH30 and bHLH155 positively regulate LA expansion, and molecular experiments demonstrated their ability to activate the transcription of genes involved in cell elongation and lignification of SCs. These findings highlight the specialized functions of ligular adaxial SCs in LA regulation by restricting further extension of ligular cells and enhancing mechanical strength. The transcriptomic atlas of the ligular region at single-nucleus resolution not only deepens our understanding of LA regulation but also enables identification of numerous potential targets for optimizing plant architecture in modern maize breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140892082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}