Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100352
Seok Tyug Tan , Seok Shin Tan , Chin Xuan Tan
Introduction
Literature has consistently reported that soy and soy-based foods are excellent sources of amino acids and isoflavones. Therefore, this review summarises the safety and health benefits of soy protein, soy bioactive peptides and soy isoflavones.
Methods
This review was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Research articles published from 2017 to March 2023 were identified through several search engines, including Pubmed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. The search was limited to selected keywords to maximise the retrieval of relevant results. After excluding review articles, conference proceedings, redundant articles, articles without full-text access, and non-English publications, 43 research articles were included in this review.
Results
Evidence suggests that soy protein, soy bioactive peptides and soy isoflavones are generally safe for human consumption. In addition, these compounds may be beneficial in alleviating the risk of osteoporosis, cancers, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, hypertension, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Conclusion
Soy or soy-related products can be incorporated into our daily diets based on the promising effects reported in the literature.
引言文献一直报道大豆和大豆食品是氨基酸和异黄酮的良好来源。因此，本文综述了大豆蛋白、大豆生物活性肽和大豆异黄酮的安全性和健康益处。方法根据系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南进行本综述。2017年至2023年3月发表的研究文章通过多个搜索引擎进行了识别，包括Pubmed、Google Scholar、Web of Science、Scopus和ScienceDirect。搜索仅限于选定的关键字，以最大限度地检索相关结果。在排除综述文章、会议记录、冗余文章、无全文访问的文章和非英文出版物后，本综述共收录了43篇研究文章。结果有证据表明，大豆蛋白、大豆活性肽和大豆异黄酮对人体食用是安全的。此外，这些化合物可能有益于减轻骨质疏松症、癌症、高脂血症、动脉粥样硬化、高血压、肥胖和2型糖尿病的风险。结论基于文献报道的良好效果，大豆或大豆相关产品可以纳入我们的日常饮食。
{"title":"Soy protein, bioactive peptides, and isoflavones: A review of their safety and health benefits","authors":"Seok Tyug Tan , Seok Shin Tan , Chin Xuan Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Literature has consistently reported that soy and soy-based foods are excellent sources of amino acids and isoflavones. Therefore, this review summarises the safety and health benefits of soy protein, soy bioactive peptides and soy isoflavones.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This review was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Research articles published from 2017 to March 2023 were identified through several search engines, including Pubmed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. The search was limited to selected keywords to maximise the retrieval of relevant results. After excluding review articles, conference proceedings, redundant articles, articles without full-text access, and non-English publications, 43 research articles were included in this review.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Evidence suggests that soy protein, soy bioactive peptides and soy isoflavones are generally safe for human consumption. In addition, these compounds may be beneficial in alleviating the risk of osteoporosis, cancers, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, hypertension, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Soy or soy-related products can be incorporated into our daily diets based on the promising effects reported in the literature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100352"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47534090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100351
Hossein Bahari , Shaghayegh Taheri , Mohammad Rashidmayvan , Zohreh Sajadi Hezaveh , Sara Ebrahimi Mousavi , Mahsa Malekahmadi
Background
Inconsistent evidence exists regarding the impact of Royal Jelly (RJ) on cardio-metabolic risk factors. Hence, this meta-analysis aimed to identify this effect.
Method
Database search through PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and SCOPUS was performed until April 2023 to identify eligible trials. Estimated 95% confidence (CI) and the weighted mean difference (WMD) was used for triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) through the random-effects model.
Results
RJ could significantly reduce TC (WMD: −8.75; 95%CI: −15.50, −1.99; P = 0.01; I2 = 68.5%; Pheterogeneity= 0.21). The protective effect of RJ against serum TC was stronger in unhealthy participants, ≥ 8 weeks of supplement administration, ≥ 3000 mg/d of RJ, and in both sexes. Neither the all-study combination nor the subgroup analysis showed a significant effect of this supplementation on TG, LDL and HDL. Dose-response analysis showed a greater reduction in HDL and a greater elevation in TG, following higher doses of RJ supplementation. Longer duration of intervention also led to lower LDL levels. In terms of the certainty of the evidence, TG, TC and HDL were regarded as moderate and LDL as low quality.
Conclusions
RJ can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases by reducing the level of TC, and long-term supplementation could improve the level of HDL and LDL.
背景关于蜂王浆（RJ）对心脏代谢危险因素的影响，存在不一致的证据。因此，本荟萃分析旨在确定这种影响。方法通过PubMed/Medline、Web of Science和SCOPUS进行数据库搜索，直到2023年4月，以确定符合条件的试验。通过随机效应模型，甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）采用95%置信度（CI）和加权平均差（WMD）。结果RJ可显著降低TC（WMD:−8.75；95%可信区间：−15.50，−1.99；P=0.01；I2=68.5%；P异质性=0.21）。RJ对血清TC的保护作用在不健康参与者、补充用药≥8周、RJ≥3000mg/d以及男女中均较强。所有研究组合和亚组分析均未显示这种补充剂对TG、LDL和HDL的显著影响。剂量反应分析显示，在补充更高剂量的RJ后，HDL的降低幅度更大，TG的升高幅度更大。干预时间越长，LDL水平也越低。就证据的确定性而言，TG、TC和HDL被认为是中等质量的，LDL被认为是低质量的。结论sRJ可通过降低TC水平来降低心血管疾病的风险，长期补充可提高HDL和LDL水平。
{"title":"The effects of Royal Jelly consumption on lipid profile: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis","authors":"Hossein Bahari , Shaghayegh Taheri , Mohammad Rashidmayvan , Zohreh Sajadi Hezaveh , Sara Ebrahimi Mousavi , Mahsa Malekahmadi","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Inconsistent evidence exists regarding the impact of Royal Jelly (RJ) on cardio-metabolic risk factors. Hence, this meta-analysis aimed to identify this effect.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p><span>Database search through PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and SCOPUS was performed until April 2023 to identify eligible trials. Estimated 95% confidence (CI) and the weighted mean difference (WMD) was used for triglyceride (TG), </span>total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) through the random-effects model.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>RJ could significantly reduce TC (WMD: −8.75; 95%CI: −15.50, −1.99; <em>P</em> = 0.01; I<sup>2</sup> = 68.5%; <em>P</em> <sub>heterogeneity</sub>= 0.21). The protective effect of RJ against serum TC was stronger in unhealthy participants, ≥ 8 weeks of supplement administration, ≥ 3000 mg/d of RJ, and in both sexes. Neither the all-study combination nor the subgroup analysis showed a significant effect of this supplementation on TG, LDL and HDL. Dose-response analysis showed a greater reduction in HDL and a greater elevation in TG, following higher doses of RJ supplementation. Longer duration of intervention also led to lower LDL levels. In terms of the certainty of the evidence, TG, TC and HDL were regarded as moderate and LDL as low quality.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>RJ can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases by reducing the level of TC, and long-term supplementation could improve the level of HDL and LDL.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100351"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47678236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100345
Mônica Volino-Souza , Gustavo Vieira de Oliveira , Renata Leitão , Leandro Lara de Carvalho , Thiago da Silveira Alvares
Background
and Aims: Ageing is associated with impaired endothelial function, which can negatively affect cerebral blood flow (CBF). The present study evaluated whether aged garlic extract (AGE) could improve cerebral oxygenation and blood volume due to the possible vasoactive effect. Methods and Results: Fourteen older adults were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study. Urinary thiosulfate and plasma nitrite was drawn, and participants ingested 2.4 g of AGE or placebo. A handgrip exercise protocol started 180 min after supplementation to induce brain activation, and cerebral oxygenation and blood volume were evaluated by near-infrared spectroscopy. After exercise, urinary thiosulfate and plasma nitrite were re-evaluated. AGE supplementation did not change cerebral oxygenation and blood volume. In addition, urinary thiosulfate and plasma nitrite remained unchanged after supplementation. Conclusion: A single dose of AGE (2.4 g) could not increase nitrite levels and cerebral oxygenation and blood volume in older adults at cardiovascular risk factors (NCT04008693).
{"title":"A single dose of aged garlic extract did not change cerebral oxygenation and blood volume in older adults at cardiovascular risk factors","authors":"Mônica Volino-Souza , Gustavo Vieira de Oliveira , Renata Leitão , Leandro Lara de Carvalho , Thiago da Silveira Alvares","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>and Aims: Ageing is associated with impaired endothelial function, which can negatively affect cerebral blood flow (CBF). The present study evaluated whether aged garlic extract (AGE) could improve cerebral </span>oxygenation<span><span> and blood volume due to the possible vasoactive effect. Methods and Results: Fourteen older adults were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study. Urinary </span>thiosulfate<span> and plasma nitrite was drawn, and participants ingested 2.4 g of AGE or placebo. A handgrip exercise protocol started 180 min after supplementation to induce brain activation, and cerebral oxygenation and blood volume were evaluated by near-infrared spectroscopy. After exercise, urinary thiosulfate and plasma nitrite were re-evaluated. AGE supplementation did not change cerebral oxygenation and blood volume. In addition, urinary thiosulfate and plasma nitrite remained unchanged after supplementation. Conclusion: A single dose of AGE (2.4 g) could not increase nitrite levels and cerebral oxygenation and blood volume in older adults at cardiovascular risk factors (NCT04008693).</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100345"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49424408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100338
Ashkan Golmohammadi , Sara Ebrahimi , Farideh Shiraseb , Foad Asjodi , Amir Mehdi Hosseini , Khadijeh Mirzaei
Background
Sleep disorders and mental health issues, including stress, depression, and anxiety, affect many people worldwide, specifically overweight and obese women. This study examined the association between dietary polyphenol intake and mental health, and sleep disorders in overweight and obese women.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 278 overweight and obese women from Tehran, Iran. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the 21-question version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) were used to assess the sleep quality and mental health of participants, respectively. The dietary polyphenol intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) with 147 food items. Anthropometric measurements, body composition analysis, and biochemical parameters were measured according to standard guidelines.
Results
After controlling for confounders, the higher polyphenol intake was inversely associated with depression (OR=0.744, 95%CI=0.413, 1.338, P-value=0.046) and stress (OR=0.341, 95%CI=0.158, 0.736, P-value=0.006). Furthermore, the DASS score and PSQI score were negatively associated with dietary polyphenols (P-trend=0.063, P-trend=0.074, respectively). No association was found between anxiety and dietary polyphenol intake.
Conclusions
Findings showed that dietary polyphenol intake is associated with sleep quality, mental health, and its components, including depression and stress. However, no statistically significant association was found between dietary polyphenol intake and anxiety.
{"title":"The association between dietary polyphenols intake and sleep quality, and mental health in overweight and obese women","authors":"Ashkan Golmohammadi , Sara Ebrahimi , Farideh Shiraseb , Foad Asjodi , Amir Mehdi Hosseini , Khadijeh Mirzaei","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Sleep disorders and mental health issues, including stress, depression, and anxiety, affect many people worldwide, specifically overweight and obese women. This study examined the association between dietary polyphenol intake and mental health, and sleep disorders in overweight and obese women.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>This cross-sectional study included 278 overweight and obese women from Tehran, Iran. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the 21-question version of the </span>Depression Anxiety Stress Scales<span><span> (DASS-21) were used to assess the sleep quality and mental health of participants, respectively. The dietary polyphenol intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) with 147 food items. </span>Anthropometric measurements, body composition analysis, and biochemical parameters were measured according to standard guidelines.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>After controlling for confounders, the higher polyphenol intake was inversely associated with depression (OR=0.744, 95%CI=0.413, 1.338, P-value=0.046) and stress (OR=0.341, 95%CI=0.158, 0.736, P-value=0.006). Furthermore, the DASS score and PSQI score were negatively associated with dietary polyphenols (P-trend=0.063, P-trend=0.074, respectively). No association was found between anxiety and dietary polyphenol intake.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Findings showed that dietary polyphenol intake is associated with sleep quality, mental health, and its components, including depression and stress. However, no statistically significant association was found between dietary polyphenol intake and anxiety.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100338"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50179176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates contribute to neuronal damage and many neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) which are known as α-synucleinopathies. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds extensively found in various plant-based food such as fruits and vegetables. They have potential benefits in human health, especially in α-synucleinopathy-associated NDs.
Objective
This review summarizes the latest scientific evidence on the impact of flavonoids on α-synucleinopathy, particularly in Parkinson’s disease
Methods
A comprehensive literature search of Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar was performed to obtain relevant research studies reporting the anti- synucleinopathies effects of dietary flavonoids
Results
Baicalein, luteolin, quercetin, myricitrin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate and genistein are among the most effective flavonoids against synucleinopathies. The main mechanisms of action contributing to these effects are reducing α-syn production; preventing α-syn aggregation and reducing preformed aggregates; promoting degradation of intracellular α-syn aggregates through autophagy; modulating the activity/expression of antioxidant enzymes; and protecting dopaminergic neurons from oxidative damage and apoptosis
Conclusions
The results of this review highlighted the beneficial effects of flavonoids in the prevention and management of synucleinopathies. However, there is no clinical data that support these effects in humans, which emphasizes the necessity for designing clinical trials to investigate the efficacy, safe dosage, possible side effects and pharmacokinetics characteristics of flavonoids in humans.
{"title":"Dietary flavonoids: Promising compounds for targeting α-synucleinopathy in Parkinson’s disease","authors":"Marzieh Harati , Zahra Tayarani-Najaran , Behjat Javadi","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates contribute to neuronal damage and many neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) which are known as α-synucleinopathies. </span>Flavonoids<span><span> are polyphenolic compounds extensively found in various plant-based food such as fruits and vegetables. They have potential benefits in </span>human health, especially in α-synucleinopathy-associated NDs.</span></p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This review summarizes the latest scientific evidence on the impact of flavonoids on α-synucleinopathy, particularly in Parkinson’s disease</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A comprehensive literature search of Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar was performed to obtain relevant research studies reporting the anti- synucleinopathies effects of dietary flavonoids</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span><span><span><span>Baicalein, </span>luteolin, </span>quercetin, myricitrin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate and </span>genistein are among the most effective flavonoids against synucleinopathies. The main mechanisms of action contributing to these effects are reducing α-syn production; preventing α-syn aggregation and reducing preformed aggregates; promoting degradation of intracellular α-syn aggregates through autophagy; modulating the activity/expression of antioxidant enzymes; and protecting </span>dopaminergic<span> neurons from oxidative damage and apoptosis</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p><span>The results of this review highlighted the beneficial effects of flavonoids in the prevention and management of synucleinopathies. However, there is no clinical data that support these effects in humans, which emphasizes the necessity for designing clinical trials to investigate the efficacy, safe dosage, possible side effects and </span>pharmacokinetics characteristics of flavonoids in humans.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100334"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43919862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beneficial effects of fish oil n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been reported in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), however, high doses of n-3 fatty acids have been associated with increased total and LDL cholesterol and impaired glucose metabolism. Cranberry products have been reported to improve markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and the metabolic profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and with metabolic syndrome. We hypothesized that including low-energy cranberry juice on a regimen of fish oil supplementation could improve oxidative stress and attenuate the undesirable effects of fish oil in lipid and glucose metabolism in patients with RA.
Methods
A 90-days randomized controlled trial was conducted. Patients (n = 70) were assigned to one of three groups: control (C); fish oil (FO) received 3 g of fish oil PUFAs supplementation/day; and fish oil and cranberry (FOCR) received 3 g of fish oil PUFAs and 500 mL of cranberry juice/day.
Results
There was no difference in parameters between FO and the C. FOCR group showed decreased glucose (p = 0.0225), lipid (p = 0.0079), protein (p = 0.0063) oxidation, and Oxidative Stress Index (p = 0.0375) values compared to FO. FOCR reduced glucose values (p = 0.0104), triacylglycerol (p = 0.0065), protein oxidation (p = 0.0042) and Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) (p = 0.0053) compared to the C. Compared to baseline, FO group decreased triacylglycerol (p = 0.0374) and increased glucose (p 0.0001), whereas FOCR group decreased triacylglycerol (p = 0.0398) values.
Conclusion
500 mL/day of reduced-calorie cranberry juice in patients with RA using fish oil supplementation decreased lipid, protein oxidation and OSI.
{"title":"Cranberry juice decreases oxidative stress and improves glucose metabolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis supplemented with fish oil","authors":"Flávia Troncon Rosa , Elis Carolina de Souza Fatel , Daniela Frizon Alfieri , Tamires Flauzino , Bruna Miglioranza Scavuzzi , Marcell Alysson Batisti Lozovoy , Tatiana Mayumi Veiga Iriyoda , Andréa Name Colado Simão , Isaias Dichi","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Beneficial effects of fish oil n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been reported in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), however, high doses of n-3 fatty acids have been associated with increased total and LDL cholesterol and impaired </span>glucose metabolism<span><span><span>. Cranberry products have been reported to improve markers of </span>oxidative stress<span>, inflammation, and the metabolic profile in patients with </span></span>type 2 diabetes mellitus<span> and with metabolic syndrome. We hypothesized that including low-energy cranberry juice on a regimen of fish oil supplementation could improve oxidative stress and attenuate the undesirable effects of fish oil in lipid and glucose metabolism in patients with RA.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A 90-days randomized controlled trial<span> was conducted. Patients (n = 70) were assigned to one of three groups: control (C); fish oil (FO) received 3 g of fish oil PUFAs supplementation/day; and fish oil and cranberry (FOCR) received 3 g of fish oil PUFAs and 500 mL of cranberry juice/day.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There was no difference in parameters between FO and the C. FOCR group showed decreased glucose (p = 0.0225), lipid (p = 0.0079), protein (p = 0.0063) oxidation, and Oxidative Stress Index (p = 0.0375) values compared to FO. FOCR reduced glucose values (p = 0.0104), triacylglycerol (p = 0.0065), protein oxidation (p = 0.0042) and Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) (p = 0.0053) compared to the C. Compared to baseline, FO group decreased triacylglycerol (p = 0.0374) and increased glucose (p 0.0001), whereas FOCR group decreased triacylglycerol (p = 0.0398) values.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>500 mL/day of reduced-calorie cranberry juice in patients with RA using fish oil supplementation decreased lipid, protein oxidation and OSI.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100341"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45764998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) could improve liver function through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials to examine whether NAC administration could lead to changes in liver function.
Methods
The search was done using appropriate keywords in PubMed-Medline, SCOPUS, Embase databases and Google Scholar up to July 2022. Random-effects model was employed to obtain the pooled estimate. Additional analyses including subgroup and sensitivity analyses were carried out.
Results
Eight eligible studies were identified. The results indicated no significant effect of NAC on aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), [(SMD= −0.03 pg/ml; 95% CI: −0.53, 0.47; P = 0.917, I2 = 71.3%, P = 0.004), (SMD= −0.22 pg/ml; 95% CI: −0.63, 0.19; P = 0.288, I2 = 56.9%, P = 0.040), (SMD= −0.22 pg/ml; 95% CI: −0.67, 0.23; P = 0.343, I2 = 52.6%, P = 0.097), respectively], however, it significantly increased albumin (ALB) and decreased bilirubin levels [(SMD= 1.05 pg/ml; 95% CI: 0.41, 1.69; P < 0.001, I2 = 87.3%, P < 0.001) and (SMD= −0.34 pg/ml; 95% CI: −0.53, −0.14; P < 0.001, I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.447) respectively].
Conclusion
Although NAC might have favorable effect on ALB and bilirubin levels, larger trials assessing liver function as primary outcome are required.
{"title":"The efficacy of N-acetylcysteine in improving liver function: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials","authors":"Mahlagha Nikbaf-Shandiz , Shaghayegh Adeli , Amir Hossein Faghfouri , Fateme Khademi , Parsa Jamilian , Meysam Zarezadeh , Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mamaghani","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>N-acetylcysteine (NAC) could improve liver function through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. We conducted a systematic review<span> and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials to examine whether NAC administration could lead to changes in liver function.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The search was done using appropriate keywords in PubMed-Medline, SCOPUS, Embase databases and Google Scholar up to July 2022. Random-effects model was employed to obtain the pooled estimate. Additional analyses including subgroup and sensitivity analyses were carried out.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span><span>Eight eligible studies were identified. The results indicated no significant effect of NAC on aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), </span>alkaline phosphatase (ALP), [(SMD= −0.03 pg/ml; 95% CI: −0.53, 0.47; P = 0.917, I</span><sup>2</sup> = 71.3%, P = 0.004), (SMD= −0.22 pg/ml; 95% CI: −0.63, 0.19; P = 0.288, I<sup>2</sup> = 56.9%, P = 0.040), (SMD= −0.22 pg/ml; 95% CI: −0.67, 0.23; P = 0.343, I<sup>2</sup><span> = 52.6%, P = 0.097), respectively], however, it significantly increased albumin (ALB) and decreased bilirubin levels [(SMD= 1.05 pg/ml; 95% CI: 0.41, 1.69; P < 0.001, I</span><sup>2</sup> = 87.3%, P < 0.001) and (SMD= −0.34 pg/ml; 95% CI: −0.53, −0.14; P < 0.001, I<sup>2</sup> = 0.0%, P = 0.447) respectively].</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Although NAC might have favorable effect on ALB and bilirubin levels, larger trials assessing liver function as primary outcome are required.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100343"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48331828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100342
Kavita Rani , Gurjeet Kaur , Syed Azmal Ali
Background
Probiotics and associated prebiotics have emerged as a novel method for treating health issues in the last two decades. It has been shown that they can regulate the gut microbiota through different molecular mechanisms. Inappropriate lifestyle choices activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, resulting in immense stress. This leads to an increased incidence of patients with metabolic syndrome and an altered gut microbiota further lead to gastrointestinal dysbiosis. Microbial dysbiosis can disrupt the control and synthesis of reproductive hormones, thus leading to infertility.
Methods
In this review, we gathered information from recent studies that show how probiotics and prebiotics could help support the treatment of reproductive disorders and hormone imbalances. We discussed the biochemical effects and proposed mechanisms of action of probiotics and prebiotics that may help with infertility in humans, as well as how these functional foods could be used to treat reproductive disorders.
Results
Probiotics could restore fertility because their metabolites trigger the release of signaling molecules that control hormone production in intestinal epithelial cells and other organs. The review provides a collection of evidence that the use of probiotics and prebiotics could be a new horizon of microbial biotherapy to reduce female reproductive complications.
Conclusions
Probiotics and prebiotics may offer a new approach to treat reproductive disorders and infertility by regulating gut microbiota and restoring the control and synthesis of reproductive hormones. The potential of using these functional foods as a microbial biotherapy to alleviate female reproductive complications warrants further investigation.
{"title":"Probiotic-prebiotic therapeutic potential: A new horizon of microbial biotherapy to reduce female reproductive complications","authors":"Kavita Rani , Gurjeet Kaur , Syed Azmal Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Probiotics and associated </span>prebiotics<span> have emerged as a novel method for treating health issues in the last two decades. It has been shown that they can regulate the gut microbiota<span><span> through different molecular mechanisms. Inappropriate lifestyle choices activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, resulting in immense stress. This leads to an increased incidence of patients with metabolic syndrome<span> and an altered gut microbiota further lead to gastrointestinal dysbiosis. Microbial dysbiosis can disrupt the control and synthesis of </span></span>reproductive hormones, thus leading to infertility.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this review, we gathered information from recent studies that show how probiotics and prebiotics could help support the treatment<span><span> of reproductive disorders and hormone imbalances. We discussed the biochemical effects and proposed mechanisms of action of probiotics and prebiotics that may help with infertility in humans, as well as how these </span>functional foods could be used to treat reproductive disorders.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Probiotics could restore fertility because their metabolites trigger the release of signaling molecules that control hormone production in intestinal epithelial cells and other organs. The review provides a collection of evidence that the use of probiotics and prebiotics could be a new horizon of microbial biotherapy to reduce female reproductive complications.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Probiotics and prebiotics may offer a new approach to treat reproductive disorders and infertility by regulating gut microbiota and restoring the control and synthesis of reproductive hormones. The potential of using these functional foods as a microbial biotherapy to alleviate female reproductive complications warrants further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100342"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48753708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100339
Adriele Debortoli da Silva , Natália Oliveira Izidoro , Leandro Roberto de Macedo , Ione Maria de Matos , Maísa Silva
Background
Grape supplementation has been suggested to contribute to improving parameters related to metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, the scientific literature in this field is controversial and inconclusive.
Objectives
We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials on the effect of grape product on metabolic syndrome components, including blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, and glycemic and lipid profiles.
Methods
The online databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO were systematically searched for relevant publications until December 2021. The review has been registered at PROSPERO (CRD42021287813). To compare the effects of grape product (seed extract, powder, extract, fruit, pomace, juice) with placebo, the mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled based on the random-effects model. Subgroup analyses were performed to identify the source of heterogeneity, and assessment of study quality was conducted using the GRADE approach.
Results
In total, 27 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in this systematic review, and 21 trials were selected for meta-analysis. Meta-analyses of the data showed that grape products had a significant effect on lipid levels, decreasing total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels. Grape supplementation also reduced systolic and diastolic arterial pressure. In addition, grape supplementation increased glucose serum and insulin levels. We found no significant differences in anthropometric measurements.
Conclusion
grape products may be beneficial for individuals with parameters related to MetS because they may have hypotensive and hypolipidemic properties.
背景葡萄补充剂有助于改善代谢综合征（MetS）相关参数；然而，这一领域的科学文献存在争议，也没有定论。目的：我们对葡萄制品对代谢综合征成分（包括血压、人体测量、血糖和血脂）影响的随机对照临床试验进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析。方法系统检索PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science和SciELO在线数据库中的相关出版物，直至2021年12月。审查已在PROSPERO注册（CRD42021287813）。为了比较葡萄产品（种子提取物、粉末、提取物、水果、果渣、果汁）与安慰剂的效果，基于随机效应模型汇总了95%置信区间（CI）的平均差异。进行亚组分析以确定异质性的来源，并使用GRADE方法评估研究质量。结果共有27项随机对照试验（RCT）被纳入本系统综述，21项试验被选择进行荟萃分析。数据的荟萃分析表明，葡萄制品对脂质水平有显著影响，降低总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇以及三酰甘油水平。补充葡萄还能降低收缩压和舒张压。此外，补充葡萄可提高血清葡萄糖和胰岛素水平。我们没有发现人体测量的显著差异。结论葡萄制品可能具有降压和降血脂的特性，对患有代谢综合征相关参数的个体有益。
{"title":"The effects of grape products on metabolic syndrome risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Adriele Debortoli da Silva , Natália Oliveira Izidoro , Leandro Roberto de Macedo , Ione Maria de Matos , Maísa Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Grape supplementation has been suggested to contribute to improving parameters related to metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, the scientific literature in this field is controversial and inconclusive.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p><span>We undertook a systematic review<span> and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials on the effect of grape product on metabolic syndrome components, including blood pressure, </span></span>anthropometric<span> measurements, and glycemic and lipid profiles.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The online databases of PubMed, Scopus<span>, Web of Science, and SciELO were systematically searched for relevant publications until December 2021. The review has been registered at PROSPERO (CRD42021287813). To compare the effects of grape product (seed extract, powder, extract, fruit, pomace, juice) with placebo, the mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled based on the random-effects model. Subgroup analyses were performed to identify the source of heterogeneity, and assessment of study quality was conducted using the GRADE approach.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In total, 27 randomized controlled trials<span><span><span> (RCTs) were included in this systematic review, and 21 trials were selected for meta-analysis. Meta-analyses of the data showed that grape products had a significant effect on lipid levels, decreasing total and </span>low density lipoprotein cholesterol<span> and triacylglycerol levels. Grape supplementation also reduced systolic and diastolic </span></span>arterial pressure<span>. In addition, grape supplementation increased glucose serum and insulin levels. We found no significant differences in anthropometric measurements.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><span>grape products may be beneficial for individuals with parameters related to MetS because they may have hypotensive and hypolipidemic properties</span><strong>.</strong></p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100339"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47462810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100336
Iskandar Azmy Harahap, Joanna Suliburska
Background
Menopause, the natural cessation of menstruation in women, increases the risk of osteoporosis—an illness characterized by bone fragility and fracture susceptibility due to decreased estrogen levels. Several studies have confirmed that probiotics ingestion can increase bone health, but some have reported inconclusive results. In this literature review, the latest findings, developments, and trends in probiotics supplementation in postmenopausal women were discussed.
Methods
Selected articles were first subjected to a bibliometric analysis and then a literature review. These studies were registered in the Scopus database between 2010 and 2022. For more recent developments in probiotics interventions in postmenopausal women, a literature search was conducted in the ClinicalTrials.gov database.
Results
There is growing evidence to suggest that Lactobacillus strain can have a beneficial effect on osteoporosis by improving calcium absorption and bone mineral density. Specifically, certain strains of probiotics, such as Lactobacillus acidophilus, have been shown to increase the bioavailability of calcium by producing short-chain fatty acids that lower gut pH, making it easier for calcium to dissolve and be absorbed. In addition, probiotics can modulate the immune system and reduce inflammation, which is also beneficial for bone health.
Conclusions
These findings suggested probiotics as a promising therapeutic agent in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, showing a physiological interaction between bone metabolism, calcium absorption, gene expression, and gut microbiota composition. However, to determine the dose and safety of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, long-term clinical studies of their effects in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis are needed.
{"title":"Can probiotics decrease the risk of postmenopausal osteoporosis in women?","authors":"Iskandar Azmy Harahap, Joanna Suliburska","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span><span>Menopause, the natural cessation of menstruation in women, increases the risk of osteoporosis—an illness characterized by bone fragility and fracture susceptibility due to decreased estrogen levels. Several studies have confirmed that probiotics </span>ingestion<span> can increase bone health, but some have reported inconclusive results. In this literature review, the latest findings, developments, and trends in probiotics supplementation in </span></span>postmenopausal women were discussed.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Selected articles were first subjected to a bibliometric<span> analysis and then a literature review. These studies were registered in the Scopus database between 2010 and 2022. For more recent developments in probiotics interventions in postmenopausal women, a literature search was conducted in the ClinicalTrials.gov database.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There is growing evidence to suggest that <span><em>Lactobacillus</em></span><span><span> strain can have a beneficial effect on osteoporosis by improving </span>calcium absorption and bone mineral density. Specifically, certain strains of probiotics, such as </span><span><em>Lactobacillus acidophilus</em></span>, have been shown to increase the bioavailability of calcium by producing short-chain fatty acids that lower gut pH, making it easier for calcium to dissolve and be absorbed. In addition, probiotics can modulate the immune system and reduce inflammation, which is also beneficial for bone health.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p><span><span>These findings suggested probiotics as a promising therapeutic agent in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, showing a physiological interaction between bone metabolism, calcium absorption, gene expression, and </span>gut microbiota composition. However, to determine the dose and safety of probiotics in the prevention and </span>treatment of osteoporosis, long-term clinical studies of their effects in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis are needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100336"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45372293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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