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Surrendering to the Discourse of Representation in Laila Halaby’s Once in a Promised Land 从莱拉·哈拉比的《曾经在应许之地》看向再现话语的投降
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.33806/ijaes.v23i2.450
Ghada Sasa, Maya Boty
This paper explores the effects of the discourse of representation on the cultural identity of the protagonist Jassim in Laila Halaby’s Once in a Promised Land by making specific reference to Stuart Hall’s notion “The Discourse of Representation.” Michel Foucault’s theory of power/ knowledge is also significant to reveal the hegemonic power of discourse in a certain culture. Besides Hall’s and Foucault’s theories, this article draws upon the works of some other theorists such as Homi Bhabha, Louis Althusser, and Antonio Gramsci. The study explains how the primary role of power produces a certain discourse that normalizes the individual. The personal options and experiences of the main character will be scrutinized in order to explain how Jassim ultimately surrenders to the discourse of representation.
本文通过具体参考斯图亚特·霍尔的“表征话语”概念,探讨表征话语对莱拉·哈拉比的《曾经在应许之地》中主人公贾西姆的文化认同的影响。福柯的权力/知识理论对于揭示某种文化中的话语霸权也具有重要意义。除了霍尔和福柯的理论外,本文还借鉴了其他一些理论家的作品,如霍米·巴巴、路易斯·阿尔都塞和安东尼奥·葛兰西。该研究解释了权力的主要作用是如何产生一种使个体正常化的话语的。主人公的个人选择和经历将被仔细审视,以解释贾西姆最终如何屈服于表征的话语。
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引用次数: 0
A Transitivity Analysis of D. H. Lawrence’s The Rocking Horse Winner 劳伦斯《摇马赢家》及物性分析
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.33806/ijaes.v23i2.457
Wafa Yousif, A. Bulaila
This study uses Halliday’s transitivity approach to analyze D. H. Lawrence’s The Rocking-Horse Winner. The purpose is to provide a linguistic analysis of the literary work by Lawrence to see how far the linguistic approaches to literary texts conform to the literary analyses of the same texts. The study uses a framework based on Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar, in which process types are identified in the text and then used to arrive at an interpretation of the text based on the linguistic analysis. The linguistic outcomes correspond with the psychological interpretations of the story. In addition, the mother-son relationship is recurrent in D. H. Lawrence’s fiction. This further supports the connection between the linguistic and the literary interpretation of the story and shows how a linguistic analysis may lead to one based on literary approaches.
本研究运用韩礼德的及物性分析方法,对劳伦斯的《木马赢家》进行分析。目的是对劳伦斯的文学作品进行语言学分析,看看文学文本的语言学方法与同一文本的文学分析有多大的一致性。本研究使用了一个基于韩礼德系统功能语法的框架,在该框架中,在文本中识别过程类型,然后根据语言学分析得出对文本的解释。语言结果与故事的心理解释相一致。此外,母子关系在劳伦斯的小说中反复出现。这进一步支持了故事的语言和文学解释之间的联系,并表明了语言分析如何导致基于文学方法的分析。
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引用次数: 0
(Re)constructing Narratives in Qur'an Translation 《古兰经》翻译中叙事的重构
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.33806/ijaes.v23i2.455
Anjad A. Mahasneh
Negative and distorted narratives about Islam and Jihad in the Western media, in general, and in certain publications, in particular, have increased with the emergence of terrorist and radical groups in the past decade. Narrative theory has recently expanded to include the study of translations and other types of texts in order to show how ideology and power relations affect narration and potentially steer public opinions. This paper scrutinizes the negative narratives constructed and reinforced over time by both some Western publications after the emergence of ISIS and by some leaders of terrorist groups such as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), about Islam in general and about Jihad in particular. It examines a number of narratives regarding jihad and war-related verses put forth by both the Western publications and ISIS leaders in light of Mona Baker and Sue-Ann Jane Harding’s theories of narrative. It is found that negative narratives proliferate distorted images and misconceptions about Jihad and Islam. These narratives have contributed to a meta-narrative in which Jihad and Islam are contiguous with terrorism, and that these narratives have therefore contributed to global Islamophobia.
在过去十年中,随着恐怖主义和激进团体的出现,西方媒体,特别是某些出版物中对伊斯兰教和圣战的负面和歪曲报道有所增加。叙事理论最近扩展到包括对翻译和其他类型文本的研究,以显示意识形态和权力关系如何影响叙事,并可能引导公众舆论。本文仔细研究了伊斯兰国出现后,一些西方出版物以及伊拉克和叙利亚伊斯兰国(ISIS)等恐怖组织的一些领导人随着时间的推移构建和强化的关于伊斯兰教,特别是圣战的负面叙事。它考察了西方出版物和ISIS领导人根据莫娜·贝克和苏·安·简·哈丁的叙事理论提出的关于圣战和战争相关诗句的一些叙事。研究发现,负面叙事充斥着对圣战和伊斯兰教的扭曲形象和误解。这些叙事促成了一种元叙事,在这种元叙事中,圣战和伊斯兰教与恐怖主义相邻,因此这些叙事助长了全球伊斯兰恐惧症。
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引用次数: 0
Arabic-English Mixing among English-Language Students at Al alBayt University: A Sociolinguistic Study 阿尔拜特大学英语系学生阿英混合现象的社会语言学研究
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.33806/ijaes.v23i2.466
Reem Salah
Code mixing is extensively investigated within bilingual and multilingual communities. Its actual use in various social contexts and factors influencing its frequency are examined in the current study. A sample of students majoring in English language and literature who were enrolled in one or more of the researcher’s courses during the Spring semester 2021/2022 were asked to voluntarily participate in a 34-item online questionnaire about their use of code mixing (N=200). A two gender (female, male) x five academic years (first, second, third, fourth, fifth and more) x seven cumulative grade average (Distinguished, Excellent, Very good, Good, Pass, deficient, Prefer not to answer), and 5 dwelling (AlMafraq, AlZarqa, Amman, Irbid, Other city) multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) found significant four motivating factors on the frequency of code mixing amongst the participants: academic, linguistic, social, and psychological.
在双语和多语言社区中对代码混合进行了广泛的调查。本研究考察了它在各种社会背景下的实际使用以及影响其频率的因素。在2021/2022年春季学期,英国语言和文学专业的学生被要求自愿参加一份关于他们使用代码混合的34项在线问卷(N=200)。两个性别(女性、男性)x五个学年(第一、第二、第三、第四、第五及以上)x七个累积平均成绩(杰出、优秀、非常好、良好、通过、有缺陷、不回答),和5个住宅(AlMafraq,AlZarqa,Amman,Irbid,Other city)的多变量方差分析(MANOVA)发现,参与者之间代码混合频率的四个显著激励因素:学术、语言、社会和心理。
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引用次数: 0
“I’m Praising God in the Language that He Loves”: Language Use in Religious Discourse “我用上帝喜爱的语言赞美上帝”:宗教话语中的语言使用
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.33806/ijaes.v23i2.451
Mohammed Nofal
Religion has been a key factor in the linguistic inquiry. Due to its significance in social life, it came to be in an intertwined relationship with language. Much of linguistic research has focused on this relationship in institutionalized settings such as schools, mosques and churches. Yet, the study of the interaction between language use and religion in less or non-institutional settings has not attracted much attention. This study responds to this need by exploring the use of Arabic within an English-language Friday sermon to address a multilingual religious community at an on-campus Muslim prayer site in New Zealand. Drawing upon data from semi-structured interviews with 10 volunteer sermon presenters, the study identifies various motivations and functions of using Arabic in the Friday sermons from the sermon presenters’ perspectives. The overall conclusion is that Arabic language use in the Friday sermons goes beyond the communicative aspect of language.
宗教一直是语言探究的关键因素。由于它在社会生活中的重要意义,它与语言有着密不可分的关系。许多语言学研究都集中在学校、清真寺和教堂等制度化环境中的这种关系上。然而,在较少或非机构环境中,语言使用与宗教之间的相互作用的研究并没有引起太多的关注。这项研究回应了这一需求,通过探索在新西兰一个校园穆斯林祈祷场所的多语言宗教社区的英语周五布道中使用阿拉伯语。根据对10位志愿讲道主持人的半结构化访谈数据,该研究从讲道主持人的角度确定了在周五讲道中使用阿拉伯语的各种动机和功能。总的结论是,在星期五的讲道中使用阿拉伯语超越了语言的交流方面。
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引用次数: 0
Strategies in Translating Collocations in Political Texts: Case study of the Beirut Port Explosion 2020 政治语篇搭配语的翻译策略:以贝鲁特港口爆炸事件为例
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.33806/ijaes.v23i2.461
W. Alrashidi
: The present study examines the strategies used by Saudi undergraduate students when translating adjective plus noun collocations and verb plus object collocations in political texts from English into Arabic. An English proficiency test, along with a translation test, were conducted to evaluate the performance of the students. The translation test consisted of 10 English collocations selected from 53 random extracts from two online articles on the BBC and The Guardian websites, focusing on the Beirut port explosions in August 2020. The results show that the literal translation technique was highly dominant in translating both types of classification. This indicates that students encounter some obstacles when it comes to determining the correct equivalents in Arabic. However, the data show that sometimes literal translation can sometimes be adequate in translating the political collocations in both types. The data also reveal that a synonymy strategy was adopted more frequently in translating the verb + object than the noun + adjective. This is mainly because the frequency of (un)restrictedness of collocation errors may be limited in political texts because the structure of political texts is different from that of other texts, in the sense that it has a limited number of culture-specific collocations that are frequently translated, and therefore an equivalent can easily be found in the target language.
本研究考察了沙特大学生在将英语政治文本中的形容词+名词搭配和动词+宾语搭配翻译成阿拉伯语时所使用的策略。通过英语水平测试和翻译测试来评估学生的表现。翻译测试包括从BBC和《卫报》网站上的两篇在线文章中随机抽取的53个段落中选出10个英语搭配,重点是2020年8月贝鲁特港口爆炸事件。结果表明,直译技术在两种分类的翻译中都占主导地位。这表明学生在确定阿拉伯语中正确的等价物时遇到了一些障碍。然而,数据表明,有时直译可以充分地翻译两种类型的政治搭配。在动词+宾语的翻译中,使用同义词策略的频率高于名词+形容词的翻译。这主要是因为在政治语篇中,由于政治语篇的结构不同于其他语篇,也就是说,政治语篇中经常翻译的特定文化搭配数量有限,因此在目的语中很容易找到对等的搭配。
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引用次数: 0
Contextualizing the Medieval Tradition of Courtly Love in Nabokov's Lolita 纳博科夫《洛丽塔》中中世纪宫廷爱情传统的语境化
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.33806/ijaes.v23i2.459
Malek J. Zuraikat
Using modern terms of morality to evaluate the sexual attitude of Humbert towards Lolita, which constitutes the central subject matter of Vladimir Nabokov’s Lolita (2005), most readers view the novel as erotica, a piece of literature that glamorizes amoral sexuality and rebels against humans' morality. This view feasibly condemns the sexual relationship between a forty-year-old male and a twelve-year-old girl-child nymphet; nevertheless, it overlooks the insistence of the novel's fictitious narrator and editor that the narrative is ethical and heavily loaded with pro morality messages. To resolve this perspectival dichotomy, this article revisits Humbert's love of Lolita contending that the relationship between Humbert and Lolita constitutes a form of courtly love, not rape or pedophilia. Relying on the medieval definition of courtly love, the article argues that Humbert is better viewed as a medieval lover whose love-based sexuality towards Lolita is ennobling and transcendent. By so doing, the article discharges Humbert’s love of Lolita from any modern connotations of animalistic carnality, thus maintaining the narrative’s obsessive involvement in the medieval culture.
用现代道德术语来评价亨伯特对《洛丽塔》的性态度,这是弗拉基米尔·纳博科夫(Vladimir Nabokov)的《洛丽塔(Lolita)》(2005)的中心主题,大多数读者认为这部小说是一部色情作品,是一部美化非道德性行为和反抗人类道德的文学作品。这种观点可以谴责一名40岁的男性和一名12岁的女童之间的性关系;然而,它忽略了小说虚构的叙述者和编辑的坚持,即叙事是合乎道德的,充满了支持道德的信息。为了解决这种视角上的二分法,本文重新审视了亨伯特对洛丽塔的爱,认为亨伯特和洛丽塔之间的关系构成了一种宫廷爱情,而不是强奸或恋童癖。根据中世纪对宫廷爱情的定义,文章认为亨伯特更适合被视为一个中世纪的情人,他对洛丽塔基于爱情的性取向是崇高和超越的。通过这样做,文章将亨伯特对洛丽塔的爱从任何动物性肉欲的现代内涵中释放出来,从而保持了叙事对中世纪文化的痴迷。
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引用次数: 0
Concretized Realism in Pamuk’s The Museum of Innocence 帕慕克《纯真博物馆》中的具象现实主义
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.33806/ijaes.v23i2.456
Dina Salman, Bayan Alammouri
The Museum of Innocence is an innovative postmodern text that fuses the literary world with the material world outside of the text. Orhan Pamuk did this by establishing a physical museum in Istanbul to complement the text after the novel’s publication in 2008. There is a crossover between the novel and the museum through the narrative of objects represented in the novel and the tangible objects on display in the museum. This paper relies on both affect theory and thing theory to argue that a nuanced aspect of realism is created by Pamuk’s novel coined in this paper as “concretized realism”. This paper argues that Pamuk’s novel translates the feelings and emotions of the protagonist, Kemal Bey, through the objects that are described in the text. These emotions and feelings exist outside the realm of language. They are then translated into emotions and feelings within the world of the museum that visitors experience once they enter and observe the objects on display. Pamuk’s novel and its reliance on the cluster of objects in the text suggest that the objects create affective responses in characters, readers, and visitors alike.
《纯真博物馆》是一个创新的后现代文本,它将文学世界与文本之外的物质世界融合在一起。奥尔罕·帕慕克(Orhan Pamuk)在2008年小说出版后,在伊斯坦布尔建立了一个实体博物馆,作为对文本的补充。通过小说中所呈现的物品和博物馆中展出的有形物品的叙述,小说和博物馆之间出现了一种交叉。本文从情感理论和事物理论两方面论证了帕慕克的小说创造了现实主义的一个微妙方面,本文将其称为“具体化的现实主义”。本文认为帕慕克的小说通过文本中所描述的对象来翻译主人公凯末尔·贝的感受和情绪。这些情绪和感觉存在于语言之外。一旦参观者进入并观察展出的物品,它们就会在博物馆的世界中被转化为情感和感受。帕慕克的小说及其对文本中一系列物体的依赖表明,这些物体能在人物、读者和访客中产生情感反应。
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引用次数: 0
Internalized Racial Oppression in Teresa Ann Willis’ Like A Tree Without Roots 特蕾莎·安·威利斯《像一棵没有根的树》中内化的种族压迫
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.33806/ijaes.v23i2.462
Abeer Ibrahim, Maha Hosny, Iman Raslan
Internalized racial oppression is a multi-dimensional interdisciplinary phenomenon that plagues many ethnic groups in America. However, little attention has been given to this race-based issue. The aim of this research paper is to highlight internalized racial oppression as a socio-psychological phenomenon in the novel of the African American writer Teresa Ann Willis’ Like A Tree Without Roots which is a story of suffering as well as of healing. In this young adult fiction, the protagonist is subjected to an internalized set of values that creates its own cycle of victimization leading to feelings of self-hatred, self-doubt and disrespect for her race and herself. An integral part of this culture is the White standards of beauty. The paper unravels the severe psychological effects of the internalization of Western beauty standards on the identity formation of African American teen girls. The paper focuses on oppression theory in relation to sociology and psychology to analyze the novel understudy. In addition, Liberatory/critical consciousness will be tackled as a concept in the educational system that proves to be highly important to fully comprehend this phenomenon of internalized racial oppression. 
内化的种族压迫是困扰美国许多族群的一个多维度、跨学科的现象。然而,很少有人注意到这个基于种族的问题。这篇研究论文的目的是强调内化的种族压迫作为一种社会心理现象在非裔美国作家特蕾莎·安·威利斯的小说《像一棵没有根的树》中这是一个关于痛苦和治愈的故事。在这部年轻的成人小说中,主人公受制于一套内化的价值观,这套价值观创造了自己的受害循环,导致了自我憎恨、自我怀疑和对种族和自己的不尊重。这种文化的一个组成部分是白人的审美标准。本文揭示了西方审美标准内化对非裔美国少女身份形成的严重心理影响。本文从社会学和心理学的角度出发,运用压迫理论对小说代演进行分析。此外,解放/批判意识将作为教育系统中的一个概念加以处理,事实证明,这个概念对于充分理解这种内化的种族压迫现象非常重要。
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引用次数: 0
Book Review of Zakaryia Almahasees’s Analysing English-Arabic Machine Translation Zakaryia Almahasees分析英阿机器翻译的书评
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.33806/ijaes.v23i2.471
Ika Mahmudah Fauziah, Riska Wahyu Pratiwi Adnin Putri
Analysing English-Arabic Machine Translation evaluates three prominent MT systems, including Google Translate, Microsoft Translator, and Sakhr, each of which provides translation between English and Arabic in a large corpus and paves the way for further research on such an important topic
分析英阿机器翻译评估了三个著名的机器翻译系统,包括谷歌翻译、微软翻译和Sakhr,每一个系统都在一个大型语料库中提供英语和阿拉伯语之间的翻译,为进一步研究这一重要主题铺平了道路
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Arabic-English Studies
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