{"title":"Divulgación de la mastozoología","authors":"Alina Gabriela Monroy-Gamboa","doi":"10.12933/therya-21-1228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-21-1228","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41602445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mineral licks are areas where several species of animals, including mammals, converge to consume water and soil as a mineral supplement. Certain mammal species are an important source of protein in the diet of indigenous communities. Many of these species are under hunting pressure and their populations have been seriously affected. The purpose of this study was to determine the species of large and medium-sized mammals that use three open mineral licks in the area of the Kichwa Añangu community, within the Yasuní National Park, where hunting used to take place. We calculate the capture frequency for the visiting species and the richness, composition, and similarity of the assemblages recorded in the mineral licks during two climatic seasons of the year (higher rainfall vs. lower rainfall). We installed a single camera trap station (CTS) at each mineral lick during three sampling periods in 2018. In each period, all cameras operated 24 hours a day for 30 to 40 days and were set to capture three photographs upon sensor activation, with 60-second intervals between consecutive activations. With a total sampling effort of 249 days/trap, we obtained 645 photographs and 398 grouped records of 16 species. We recorded 95.2 % of the expected richness according to the Chao1 estimator (S = 16.8). The species with the highest capture frequency were: Mazama zamora (FC = 62.2), Tayassu pecari (FC = 35.7), Tapirus terrestris (FC = 28.9), and Pecari tajacu (FC = 8.0). ECT-1 and ECT-2 captured 11 species each, and ECT-3 captured nine species. There were no significant differences in the species composition between the three mineral licks or between climatic seasons. Our results show that the focal mineral licks studied attract a rich mammalian fauna, which likely points to the success of the government regulation of wildlife trafficking and the application of sustainable tourism practices in the Añangu community.
{"title":"Use of mineral licks by mammals in areas of the Amazonia with no hunting pressure","authors":"Patricio Macas-Pogo, Mariah Sanchez","doi":"10.12933/therya-21-1086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-21-1086","url":null,"abstract":"Mineral licks are areas where several species of animals, including mammals, converge to consume water and soil as a mineral supplement. Certain mammal species are an important source of protein in the diet of indigenous communities. Many of these species are under hunting pressure and their populations have been seriously affected. The purpose of this study was to determine the species of large and medium-sized mammals that use three open mineral licks in the area of the Kichwa Añangu community, within the Yasuní National Park, where hunting used to take place. We calculate the capture frequency for the visiting species and the richness, composition, and similarity of the assemblages recorded in the mineral licks during two climatic seasons of the year (higher rainfall vs. lower rainfall). We installed a single camera trap station (CTS) at each mineral lick during three sampling periods in 2018. In each period, all cameras operated 24 hours a day for 30 to 40 days and were set to capture three photographs upon sensor activation, with 60-second intervals between consecutive activations. With a total sampling effort of 249 days/trap, we obtained 645 photographs and 398 grouped records of 16 species. We recorded 95.2 % of the expected richness according to the Chao1 estimator (S = 16.8). The species with the highest capture frequency were: Mazama zamora (FC = 62.2), Tayassu pecari (FC = 35.7), Tapirus terrestris (FC = 28.9), and Pecari tajacu (FC = 8.0). ECT-1 and ECT-2 captured 11 species each, and ECT-3 captured nine species. There were no significant differences in the species composition between the three mineral licks or between climatic seasons. Our results show that the focal mineral licks studied attract a rich mammalian fauna, which likely points to the success of the government regulation of wildlife trafficking and the application of sustainable tourism practices in the Añangu community.","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42663272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. H. A. Salvatierra, José L. Poma-Urey, Paula A. Ossa-López, F. A. Rivera-Páez, H. Ramírez-Chaves
Bats of genus Eptesicus are represented in South America by nine species of short-eared taxa (subgenus Eptesicus), and 10 species of long-eared species (subgenus Histiotus). Here we describe a new species of short-eared Eptesicus based on 19 specimens collected in the sub-Andean Bolivian-Tucumanian forest of Santa Cruz, between 1800-2020 masl. For this, we include morphological, morphometric, and molecular comparisons; we use principal component, discriminant function and mitochondrial genes (cytochrome-b, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase) to compare the new species with other taxa of the subgenus Eptesicus from South America. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by cranial shape, body measurements, and genetic distances. Furthermore, the new species is similar in cranial morphology to Eptesicus andinus but presents a highly developed frontal preorbital process, poorly developed in other related species (i. e., E. andinus, E. furinalis, and E. brasiliensis). All males were consistently darker than females in the new species. This taxon increases to 10 the number of species of bats of the subgenus Eptesicus in South America.
{"title":"A new species of Eptesicus (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), from the sub-Andean Forest of Santa Cruz, Bolivia","authors":"L. H. A. Salvatierra, José L. Poma-Urey, Paula A. Ossa-López, F. A. Rivera-Páez, H. Ramírez-Chaves","doi":"10.12933/therya-21-1119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-21-1119","url":null,"abstract":"Bats of genus Eptesicus are represented in South America by nine species of short-eared taxa (subgenus Eptesicus), and 10 species of long-eared species (subgenus Histiotus). Here we describe a new species of short-eared Eptesicus based on 19 specimens collected in the sub-Andean Bolivian-Tucumanian forest of Santa Cruz, between 1800-2020 masl. For this, we include morphological, morphometric, and molecular comparisons; we use principal component, discriminant function and mitochondrial genes (cytochrome-b, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase) to compare the new species with other taxa of the subgenus Eptesicus from South America. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by cranial shape, body measurements, and genetic distances. Furthermore, the new species is similar in cranial morphology to Eptesicus andinus but presents a highly developed frontal preorbital process, poorly developed in other related species (i. e., E. andinus, E. furinalis, and E. brasiliensis). All males were consistently darker than females in the new species. This taxon increases to 10 the number of species of bats of the subgenus Eptesicus in South America.","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49383575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Hortelano-Moncada, Asela Samari Barragán-Saldaña, Jesús Fernández-Reyes, F. A. Cervantes-Reza, Leonardo Barragán Guerrero, M. V. Gómez-Naranjo
Sierra de Guadalupe is the only mountain range in the northern part of the Valley of Mexico metropolitan area. The accelerated urban expansion over the past decades has turned Sierra de Guadalupe into an isolated natural area immersed within the urban matrix. This study aimed to gather a documented inventory of the mammals of Sierra de Guadalupe as such information is useful to improve the management, restoration, and conservation of this important natural area of the basin of Mexico. Mammal collection records were extensively surveyed in the literature, collection databases, web pages, and scientific collections; field surveys were also conducted. A taxonomic list of the mammal species and their conservation status in the four Protected Natural Areas of Sierra de Guadalupe was compiled. A species-accumulation curve was constructed using the Chao 1 model and a map showing the distribution of collection records was produced. This work reveals that the mammals of Sierra de Guadalupe include 29 species, 23 genera, 15 families, and six orders. Six species are endemic to Mexico; two of them, Choeronycteris mexicana and Cratogeomys fumosus, are listed as threatened and one, Leptonycteris yerbabuenae, as under special protection. Collection records were gathered from 62 different localities. The largest number of species records and collections were made between 2009 and 2020. The species-accumulation curve projects a total of 36 mammal species. This is the first documented inventory ever compiled of the wild mammals of Sierra de Guadalupe. The species richness observed in this area is remarkable, considering its extension and environmental stressors; in addition, it harbors species endemic to Mexico, some of which are threatened. This is the first time that the species Sorex saussurei, Choeronycteris mexicana, Leptonycteris yerbabuenae, Cratogeomys merriami, Neotomodon alstoni, and Peromyscus melanophryshave been recorded in this area. The species-accumulation curve indicates that our inventory provides a good representation of the local species assemblage. This information can support the formulation of action plans for the conservation and restoration of the biological diversity of these important Protected Natural Areas and the last significant natural area remaining in the northern part of the Valley of Mexico Metropolitan Area.
{"title":"Mammal species richness and new records in protected natural areas of the northern part of the metropolitan area of the Valley of México","authors":"Y. Hortelano-Moncada, Asela Samari Barragán-Saldaña, Jesús Fernández-Reyes, F. A. Cervantes-Reza, Leonardo Barragán Guerrero, M. V. Gómez-Naranjo","doi":"10.12933/therya-21-1074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-21-1074","url":null,"abstract":"Sierra de Guadalupe is the only mountain range in the northern part of the Valley of Mexico metropolitan area. The accelerated urban expansion over the past decades has turned Sierra de Guadalupe into an isolated natural area immersed within the urban matrix. This study aimed to gather a documented inventory of the mammals of Sierra de Guadalupe as such information is useful to improve the management, restoration, and conservation of this important natural area of the basin of Mexico. Mammal collection records were extensively surveyed in the literature, collection databases, web pages, and scientific collections; field surveys were also conducted. A taxonomic list of the mammal species and their conservation status in the four Protected Natural Areas of Sierra de Guadalupe was compiled. A species-accumulation curve was constructed using the Chao 1 model and a map showing the distribution of collection records was produced. This work reveals that the mammals of Sierra de Guadalupe include 29 species, 23 genera, 15 families, and six orders. Six species are endemic to Mexico; two of them, Choeronycteris mexicana and Cratogeomys fumosus, are listed as threatened and one, Leptonycteris yerbabuenae, as under special protection. Collection records were gathered from 62 different localities. The largest number of species records and collections were made between 2009 and 2020. The species-accumulation curve projects a total of 36 mammal species. This is the first documented inventory ever compiled of the wild mammals of Sierra de Guadalupe. The species richness observed in this area is remarkable, considering its extension and environmental stressors; in addition, it harbors species endemic to Mexico, some of which are threatened. This is the first time that the species Sorex saussurei, Choeronycteris mexicana, Leptonycteris yerbabuenae, Cratogeomys merriami, Neotomodon alstoni, and Peromyscus melanophryshave been recorded in this area. The species-accumulation curve indicates that our inventory provides a good representation of the local species assemblage. This information can support the formulation of action plans for the conservation and restoration of the biological diversity of these important Protected Natural Areas and the last significant natural area remaining in the northern part of the Valley of Mexico Metropolitan Area.","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66335641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muroid rodents are the most species-rich superfamily of rodents occurring in Argentina. Increased fieldwork with these mammals depicts the need of adequate keys to identify species on the base of external characters. In this contribution we provide three keys (one for families and subfamilies, and another two for Sigmodontinae and Muridae, respectively) for all known species of Cricetidae and Muridae distributed in Argentina (42 genera and 110 species). In addition to the dichotomous keys, and as a way to facilitate the identification, we include for each species a brief description of its distribution and the main habitats where it occurs.
{"title":"Identification keys to murid rodents of Argentina","authors":"P. Teta, J. P. Jayat","doi":"10.12933/therya-21-1110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-21-1110","url":null,"abstract":"Muroid rodents are the most species-rich superfamily of rodents occurring in Argentina. Increased fieldwork with these mammals depicts the need of adequate keys to identify species on the base of external characters. In this contribution we provide three keys (one for families and subfamilies, and another two for Sigmodontinae and Muridae, respectively) for all known species of Cricetidae and Muridae distributed in Argentina (42 genera and 110 species). In addition to the dichotomous keys, and as a way to facilitate the identification, we include for each species a brief description of its distribution and the main habitats where it occurs.","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49339198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The species records are key to determine their distribution. In México, there are records located up to more 200 km outside the known range of Ateles geoffroyi, Cryptotis mayensis, Pteronotus davyi and Tlacuatzin sinaloae. Other species were captured in their type locality but have not been recorded again over up to 100 years: Dipodomys gravipes, Oryzomys peninsulae, Peromyscus mekisturus, P. pembertoni, Sorex sclateri, S. stizodon, Tylomys bullaris and T. tumbalensis. This study analyzes these mammalian species records, their information gaps related with their known range, and discusses the likely implications for conservation. A survey of the literature and databases of scientific collections available on the Internet were conducted. A geographic information system was used for the spatial analysis of the records obtained. Records outside the limit of the known range of these species are due to misidentification of specimens, accidental introduction and lack of field corroboration. Some of the species captured only in their type locality can be deemed extinct while others require field and laboratory work. Geographic records of the species are valuable inputs to define the distribution range of species and advance our current knowledge about the Mexican. The use of records with errors or that should no longer be considered have an impact on the risk categorization of species and the development of conservation strategies.
物种记录是确定其分布的关键。在msamuxico，在已知范围之外200多公里处发现了枫树、马隐树、达伊翼龙和黄斑蝶的记录。其他物种在它们的模式所在地被捕获，但在长达100年的时间里没有再次记录:Dipodomys gravipes, Oryzomys peninsula, Peromyscus mekisturus, P. pembertoni, Sorex sclateri, S. stizodon, Tylomys bullaris和T. tumbalensis。本研究分析了这些哺乳动物物种记录及其与已知范围相关的信息缺口，并讨论了可能对保护的影响。对互联网上可获得的科学文献和数据库进行了调查。利用地理信息系统对获得的记录进行空间分析。超出这些物种已知范围的记录是由于标本鉴定错误、意外引入和缺乏实地确证。有些物种只在它们的类型地点被捕获就可以被认为灭绝了，而另一些则需要实地和实验室工作。该物种的地理记录是确定物种分布范围和提高我们目前对墨西哥的认识的宝贵输入。使用有错误或不应再考虑的记录对物种的危险分类和保护战略的制定产生影响。
{"title":"The ghost mammals from Mexico and their implications","authors":"Alina Gabriela Monroy-Gamboa","doi":"10.12933/therya-21-1186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-21-1186","url":null,"abstract":"The species records are key to determine their distribution. In México, there are records located up to more 200 km outside the known range of Ateles geoffroyi, Cryptotis mayensis, Pteronotus davyi and Tlacuatzin sinaloae. Other species were captured in their type locality but have not been recorded again over up to 100 years: Dipodomys gravipes, Oryzomys peninsulae, Peromyscus mekisturus, P. pembertoni, Sorex sclateri, S. stizodon, Tylomys bullaris and T. tumbalensis. This study analyzes these mammalian species records, their information gaps related with their known range, and discusses the likely implications for conservation. A survey of the literature and databases of scientific collections available on the Internet were conducted. A geographic information system was used for the spatial analysis of the records obtained. Records outside the limit of the known range of these species are due to misidentification of specimens, accidental introduction and lack of field corroboration. Some of the species captured only in their type locality can be deemed extinct while others require field and laboratory work. Geographic records of the species are valuable inputs to define the distribution range of species and advance our current knowledge about the Mexican. The use of records with errors or that should no longer be considered have an impact on the risk categorization of species and the development of conservation strategies.","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44643016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The vaquita (Phocoena sinus), an endemic porpoise of the Gulf of California, México, was first described scientifically in 1958, from three skulls. It is considered a sister taxon of an ancestor of the Southern Hemisphere Burmeister’s porpoise (P. spinipinnis) and spectacled porpoise (P. dioptrica), a case of antitropical distribution and speciation. Vaquita in modern times seem to have existed largely in waters 10 to 30 m deep of the very northern Gulf of California, and may have already existed in relatively low numbers by the 1950s and 1960s. The external appearance of the vaquita was not described until the late 1970s, and not until the 1980s and 1990s did additional information about ecology and biology emerge. Those studies and more recent shipboard and aerial visual line transect surveys, as well as stationary and boat-towed acoustic arrays, mapped occurrence patterns and approximate numbers in greater detail than before. The first credible estimates of abundance appeared in the 1990s, with numbers in the mid-hundreds and declining. While several reasons for the decline were originally postulated, mortality due to entanglement in nets has been established as the only known cause of decline, especially due to bycatch in large-mesh gillnets set for the endangered croaker fish totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi). This fish is prized in China for human consumption of its swim bladder, generally ground up for purported therapeutic purposes. An extensive, lucrative fishery for totoaba, now illegal for many decades, has existed since at least the 1920s, and has recently increased. Although there have been laudable attempts to stem or halt totoaba fishing, these have largely been unsuccessful, and as of this writing the vaquita is on the brink of extinction. However, rapid concentrated action against illegal fishing with gillnets may yet save the species, and hope (with attendant action) must be kept alive. This overview is followed by an appendix of a previously unpublished popular essay by K.S. Norris describing when, where, and how he first discovered the species, and subsequent early work relative to this newly-described porpoise.
{"title":"Vaquita: beleaguered porpoise of the Gulf of California, México","authors":"B. Würsig, T. Jefferson, G. Silber, R. Wells","doi":"10.12933/THERYA-21-1109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/THERYA-21-1109","url":null,"abstract":"The vaquita (Phocoena sinus), an endemic porpoise of the Gulf of California, México, was first described scientifically in 1958, from three skulls. It is considered a sister taxon of an ancestor of the Southern Hemisphere Burmeister’s porpoise (P. spinipinnis) and spectacled porpoise (P. dioptrica), a case of antitropical distribution and speciation. Vaquita in modern times seem to have existed largely in waters 10 to 30 m deep of the very northern Gulf of California, and may have already existed in relatively low numbers by the 1950s and 1960s. The external appearance of the vaquita was not described until the late 1970s, and not until the 1980s and 1990s did additional information about ecology and biology emerge. Those studies and more recent shipboard and aerial visual line transect surveys, as well as stationary and boat-towed acoustic arrays, mapped occurrence patterns and approximate numbers in greater detail than before. The first credible estimates of abundance appeared in the 1990s, with numbers in the mid-hundreds and declining. While several reasons for the decline were originally postulated, mortality due to entanglement in nets has been established as the only known cause of decline, especially due to bycatch in large-mesh gillnets set for the endangered croaker fish totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi). This fish is prized in China for human consumption of its swim bladder, generally ground up for purported therapeutic purposes. An extensive, lucrative fishery for totoaba, now illegal for many decades, has existed since at least the 1920s, and has recently increased. Although there have been laudable attempts to stem or halt totoaba fishing, these have largely been unsuccessful, and as of this writing the vaquita is on the brink of extinction. However, rapid concentrated action against illegal fishing with gillnets may yet save the species, and hope (with attendant action) must be kept alive. This overview is followed by an appendix of a previously unpublished popular essay by K.S. Norris describing when, where, and how he first discovered the species, and subsequent early work relative to this newly-described porpoise.","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47867162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In May 2020, we were invited by Dr. Sergio Ticul Álvarez–Castañeda, editor of Therya, to serve as guest editors of the May 2021 issue to be published in recognition of Dr. David J. Schmidly’s many contributions to mammalogical research in México and his involvement with and support of the Asociación Mexicana de Mastozoología A. C. (aka the “Mexican Society of Mammalogists”). Accepting this role was an honor and privilege, and we enthusiastically supported the idea for this honorary issue, for a number of reasons. First, Dr. Schmidly (Figure 1a, b) spent a significant portion of his research career, beginning with his first trip to México in 1968 as a Master’s student at Texas Tech University, and continuing to this day, studying the systematics and natural history of Mexican mammals and he has contributed significantly to the scientific literature in that context. He has published extensively on the mammalian fauna of México; several of these studies are mentioned herein. Second, Dr. Schmidly has been instrumental in the lives and professional careers of many students of Mexican mammalogy, whether they were citizens of México or the United States. Through personal interest and friendship, Dr. Schmidly encouraged a cohort of undergraduates to seriously contemplate a professional career in mammalogy. Many of those who heeded Dr. Schmidly’s encouragement would become the “movers and shakers” that generated an explosion in Mexican mammalogy and followed in the footsteps of preeminent Mexican mammalogists such as Drs. Bernardo Villa, Ticul Álvarez, and José Ramírez-Pulido. Third, Dr. Schmidly was instrumental in helping to encourage a group of young, enthusiastic, and forward-thinking mammalogists to establish the Asociación Mexicana de Mastozoología AC. We discuss this topic in more detail later in this paper. Finally, from a personal standpoint, both of us have had a long-term association with Dr. Schmidly that would not have been developed if not for Dr. Schmidly’s interests in mammalogy of México and the adjacent area to the north, aka Texas. Robert was recruited as a Master’s student from Dr. Schmidly’s mammalogy class at Texas A&M University and conducted his thesis work in 1983–1986, working on a taxonomic revision of Mexican populations of the Peromyscus boylii species complex. That experience provided Robert with the opportunity to conduct extensive fieldwork in México. This began a long-term friendship and scientific collaboration with Dr. Schmidly, resulting in several research endeavors on Mexican Peromyscus that continue to this day. Lisa began working for Dr. Schmidly in 1992, as an editorial assistant on Texas Natural History: A Century of Change as well as the fifth, sixth, and seventh editions of The Mammals of Texas. Further, beyond being colleagues and collaborators, we both count Dr. Schmidly and his wife Janet as two of our dearest friends. So for us,
2020年5月，我们应Therya编辑Sergio Ticul Álvarez-Castañeda博士的邀请，担任2021年5月号的客座编辑，以表彰David J. Schmidly博士对m xico哺乳动物研究的许多贡献，以及他对Asociación Mexicana de Mastozoología a.c.(又名“墨西哥哺乳动物学家协会”)的参与和支持。接受这个角色是一种荣誉和特权，我们热情地支持这个荣誉问题的想法，原因有很多。首先，Schmidly博士(图1a, b)在他的研究生涯中花费了相当大的一部分时间，从1968年作为德克萨斯理工大学的硕士研究生第一次前往墨西哥的旅行开始，一直持续到今天，研究墨西哥哺乳动物的系统学和自然史，他在这方面的科学文献中做出了重大贡献。他发表了大量关于墨西哥的哺乳动物群的文章;这里提到了其中的一些研究。其次，施米德利博士在许多墨西哥哺乳动物学生的生活和职业生涯中发挥了重要作用，无论他们是墨西哥公民还是美国公民。通过个人兴趣和友谊，施米德博士鼓励一群本科生认真考虑在哺乳动物学方面的职业生涯。许多听从施米德利博士鼓励的人后来成为了“推动者和震动者”，他们促成了墨西哥哺乳动物的大爆发，并追随了墨西哥杰出哺乳动物学家的脚步。Bernardo Villa, Ticul Álvarez和jos Ramírez-Pulido。第三，Schmidly博士在帮助鼓励一群年轻，热情和前瞻性的哺乳动物学家建立Asociación Mexicana de Mastozoología AC方面发挥了重要作用。我们将在本文后面更详细地讨论这个主题。最后，从个人的角度来看，我们俩都和Schmidly博士有长期的联系，如果不是因为Schmidly博士对m西科和北部邻近地区，也就是德克萨斯州的哺乳动物感兴趣的话，这种联系就不会发展起来。Robert在德克萨斯农工大学(Texas A&M University)担任Schmidly博士哺乳动物课的硕士生，并于1983-1986年完成了他的论文工作，研究了墨西哥波利亚佩洛米斯(Peromyscus boylii)物种复群的分类修订。这一经历使罗伯特有机会在莫桑比克进行广泛的实地工作。这开始了与Schmidly博士的长期友谊和科学合作，导致了墨西哥Peromyscus的几项研究努力，一直持续到今天。丽莎于1992年开始为施米德博士工作，担任《德州自然史:一个世纪的变化》以及《德州哺乳动物》第五、六、七版的编辑助理。此外，除了同事和合作者之外，我们都把施密特博士和他的妻子珍妮特视为我们最亲密的朋友。对我们来说，
{"title":"Issue Dedicated to David J. Schmidly, Ph.D., in Recognition of his Contributions to Mammalogy in México","authors":"Robert Bradley, Lisa C. Bradley","doi":"10.12933/THERYA-21-1125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/THERYA-21-1125","url":null,"abstract":"In May 2020, we were invited by Dr. Sergio Ticul Álvarez–Castañeda, editor of Therya, to serve as guest editors of the May 2021 issue to be published in recognition of Dr. David J. Schmidly’s many contributions to mammalogical research in México and his involvement with and support of the Asociación Mexicana de Mastozoología A. C. (aka the “Mexican Society of Mammalogists”). Accepting this role was an honor and privilege, and we enthusiastically supported the idea for this honorary issue, for a number of reasons. First, Dr. Schmidly (Figure 1a, b) spent a significant portion of his research career, beginning with his first trip to México in 1968 as a Master’s student at Texas Tech University, and continuing to this day, studying the systematics and natural history of Mexican mammals and he has contributed significantly to the scientific literature in that context. He has published extensively on the mammalian fauna of México; several of these studies are mentioned herein. Second, Dr. Schmidly has been instrumental in the lives and professional careers of many students of Mexican mammalogy, whether they were citizens of México or the United States. Through personal interest and friendship, Dr. Schmidly encouraged a cohort of undergraduates to seriously contemplate a professional career in mammalogy. Many of those who heeded Dr. Schmidly’s encouragement would become the “movers and shakers” that generated an explosion in Mexican mammalogy and followed in the footsteps of preeminent Mexican mammalogists such as Drs. Bernardo Villa, Ticul Álvarez, and José Ramírez-Pulido. Third, Dr. Schmidly was instrumental in helping to encourage a group of young, enthusiastic, and forward-thinking mammalogists to establish the Asociación Mexicana de Mastozoología AC. We discuss this topic in more detail later in this paper. Finally, from a personal standpoint, both of us have had a long-term association with Dr. Schmidly that would not have been developed if not for Dr. Schmidly’s interests in mammalogy of México and the adjacent area to the north, aka Texas. Robert was recruited as a Master’s student from Dr. Schmidly’s mammalogy class at Texas A&M University and conducted his thesis work in 1983–1986, working on a taxonomic revision of Mexican populations of the Peromyscus boylii species complex. That experience provided Robert with the opportunity to conduct extensive fieldwork in México. This began a long-term friendship and scientific collaboration with Dr. Schmidly, resulting in several research endeavors on Mexican Peromyscus that continue to this day. Lisa began working for Dr. Schmidly in 1992, as an editorial assistant on Texas Natural History: A Century of Change as well as the fifth, sixth, and seventh editions of The Mammals of Texas. Further, beyond being colleagues and collaborators, we both count Dr. Schmidly and his wife Janet as two of our dearest friends. So for us,","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42605703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although the Galápagos Islands are recognized for their contribution to our understanding of evolutionary theory and have received the attention of scientists for over 185 years, our understanding of the native rodents there has been minimal relative to many other groups of organisms. Much of what we knew through most of the 20th century was based solely on species descriptions. Chromosome data has been limited to only Nesoryzomys narboroughi (2n = 32, FN (number of autosomal arms) = 50) and Aegialomys galapagoensis (2n = 56; FN = 58). We present the karyotypes of the only remaining extant species in the genus, N. swarthi (2n = 56; FN = 54) and N. fernandinae (2n = 44; FN = 54). Chromosomal banding reveals that extensive rearrangement has occurred within Nesoryzomys, including Robertsonian fusion and tandem fusion events but these alone cannot account for the diverse diploid numbers found within the genus. We propose that 1) N. swarthi represents the ancestral karyotype for the genus, similar to A. galapagoensis, 2) N. swarthi and N. fernandinae share the same fundamental number, suggesting divergence by Robertsonian fusions, and 3) N. narboroughi has the most derived karyotype, based on banding morphology and low diploid number.
{"title":"Chromosomal relationships among the native rodents (Cricetidae: Oryzomyini) of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador","authors":"R. Dowler, Marcia A. Revelez","doi":"10.12933/THERYA-21-1126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/THERYA-21-1126","url":null,"abstract":"Although the Galápagos Islands are recognized for their contribution to our understanding of evolutionary theory and have received the attention of scientists for over 185 years, our understanding of the native rodents there has been minimal relative to many other groups of organisms. Much of what we knew through most of the 20th century was based solely on species descriptions. Chromosome data has been limited to only Nesoryzomys narboroughi (2n = 32, FN (number of autosomal arms) = 50) and Aegialomys galapagoensis (2n = 56; FN = 58). We present the karyotypes of the only remaining extant species in the genus, N. swarthi (2n = 56; FN = 54) and N. fernandinae (2n = 44; FN = 54). Chromosomal banding reveals that extensive rearrangement has occurred within Nesoryzomys, including Robertsonian fusion and tandem fusion events but these alone cannot account for the diverse diploid numbers found within the genus. We propose that 1) N. swarthi represents the ancestral karyotype for the genus, similar to A. galapagoensis, 2) N. swarthi and N. fernandinae share the same fundamental number, suggesting divergence by Robertsonian fusions, and 3) N. narboroughi has the most derived karyotype, based on banding morphology and low diploid number.","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47805602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah C. Vrla, Matthew R. Mauldin, Michelle L. Haynie, Robert D. Bradley
To determine the extent of genetic introgression along the parapatric border between Neotoma floridana and N. micropus, 140 woodrats were sampled from 21 localities in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas, at varying distances from the proposed species boundaries. All individuals were examined at the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene (Cytb) and two nuclear introns: intron seven of the Beta fibrinogen gene (Fgb-I7) and intron 2 of the vertebrate alcohol dehydrogenase gene (Adh1-I2). Additionally, individuals from a putative contact zone were genotyped using six microsatellite loci to better analyze population structure. Evidence of mixed ancestry was detected in 55 of 140 (39 %) individuals, at 10 of 21 (48 %) localities up to ~150 km from the proposed parapatric boundary. A pattern of differential admixture detected between the two nuclear markers suggested variation in selection pressures at the Adh1-I2 and Fgb-I7 markers is dependent upon the genomic makeup of the individual. Together, the mitochondrial and nuclear markers indicate evidence of historical hybridization and suggest that hybrid zones within this system are transient in nature.
{"title":"Evidence of differential genetic introgression at multiple localities between Neotoma floridana and N. micropus","authors":"Sarah C. Vrla, Matthew R. Mauldin, Michelle L. Haynie, Robert D. Bradley","doi":"10.12933/THERYA-21-1176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/THERYA-21-1176","url":null,"abstract":"To determine the extent of genetic introgression along the parapatric border between Neotoma floridana and N. micropus, 140 woodrats were sampled from 21 localities in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas, at varying distances from the proposed species boundaries. All individuals were examined at the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene (Cytb) and two nuclear introns: intron seven of the Beta fibrinogen gene (Fgb-I7) and intron 2 of the vertebrate alcohol dehydrogenase gene (Adh1-I2). Additionally, individuals from a putative contact zone were genotyped using six microsatellite loci to better analyze population structure. Evidence of mixed ancestry was detected in 55 of 140 (39 %) individuals, at 10 of 21 (48 %) localities up to ~150 km from the proposed parapatric boundary. A pattern of differential admixture detected between the two nuclear markers suggested variation in selection pressures at the Adh1-I2 and Fgb-I7 markers is dependent upon the genomic makeup of the individual. Together, the mitochondrial and nuclear markers indicate evidence of historical hybridization and suggest that hybrid zones within this system are transient in nature.","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46456662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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