The article aims to consider the history of the appearance of the creolized text (CT) on Siberian materials of the late 19th century. A comic book is considered as a special case of such a text. Previously this kind of materials have not been used to study the history of CT. The article lists and briefly characterizes a number of works, mainly by domestic authors, on the problem of CT. It also indicates the presence of studies of certain types of CT, in particular - comics. The source of the study is a manuscript containing “Fasting Words” by Isaac the Syrian. The manuscript is stored in the Research Library of Tomsk State University (B-5548). It was written in 1894-1895 on the territory of Tomsk Province and belonged to one of the local Old Believers. The records on the manuscript - a scriber’s record of the work done and a record of the transfer of the manuscript as a schismatic one to Tomsk Theological Seminary - allow reconstructing its history. The illustrations of the manuscript were examined. Among them, those that can be called comics were identified: they include several plot-related parts and show the development of the story. Two illustrations were found that can be called comics: about silence and about nutrition. Each of the illustrations consists of three parts; to indicate the movement of time, the artist used a different position of the sun over the heads of the characters. Also three illustrations were found that can be called proto-comics. They do not have plot development, but they are a case of CT: there are images with captions that are closely related to the content of the main text. An important feature of the discovered illustrations is literalism in the transfer of the author’s text. A similar technique is used in modern advertising. There are other similar cases described by researchers. For instance, G.V. Markelov describes “frieze” miniatures in one of the manuscripts from the Northern Dvina. These are images glued together from several sheets of paper and containing several sequentially unfolding scenes from the text. The article concludes that the phenomenon of CT, including comics, which currently attracts a lot of attention from researchers, has a very long history, partly already covered in studies. CT can be observed in the Russian provinces at the end of the 19th century. It is characteristic that CT is seen primarily not in official publications, but in works related to reader reception - in handwritten books in particular. Thus, CT in the form of a comics book was known to the Siberian reader and was used to illustrate, in particular, patristic texts. The author declares no conflicts of interests.
{"title":"Old Believer comics: To the history of the emergence of creolized texts in Siberia","authors":"V. Esipova","doi":"10.17223/23062061/30/4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/23062061/30/4","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims to consider the history of the appearance of the creolized text (CT) on Siberian materials of the late 19th century. A comic book is considered as a special case of such a text. Previously this kind of materials have not been used to study the history of CT. The article lists and briefly characterizes a number of works, mainly by domestic authors, on the problem of CT. It also indicates the presence of studies of certain types of CT, in particular - comics. The source of the study is a manuscript containing “Fasting Words” by Isaac the Syrian. The manuscript is stored in the Research Library of Tomsk State University (B-5548). It was written in 1894-1895 on the territory of Tomsk Province and belonged to one of the local Old Believers. The records on the manuscript - a scriber’s record of the work done and a record of the transfer of the manuscript as a schismatic one to Tomsk Theological Seminary - allow reconstructing its history. The illustrations of the manuscript were examined. Among them, those that can be called comics were identified: they include several plot-related parts and show the development of the story. Two illustrations were found that can be called comics: about silence and about nutrition. Each of the illustrations consists of three parts; to indicate the movement of time, the artist used a different position of the sun over the heads of the characters. Also three illustrations were found that can be called proto-comics. They do not have plot development, but they are a case of CT: there are images with captions that are closely related to the content of the main text. An important feature of the discovered illustrations is literalism in the transfer of the author’s text. A similar technique is used in modern advertising. There are other similar cases described by researchers. For instance, G.V. Markelov describes “frieze” miniatures in one of the manuscripts from the Northern Dvina. These are images glued together from several sheets of paper and containing several sequentially unfolding scenes from the text. The article concludes that the phenomenon of CT, including comics, which currently attracts a lot of attention from researchers, has a very long history, partly already covered in studies. CT can be observed in the Russian provinces at the end of the 19th century. It is characteristic that CT is seen primarily not in official publications, but in works related to reader reception - in handwritten books in particular. Thus, CT in the form of a comics book was known to the Siberian reader and was used to illustrate, in particular, patristic texts. The author declares no conflicts of interests.","PeriodicalId":40676,"journal":{"name":"Tekst Kniga Knigoizdanie-Text Book Publishing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89634977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents the text of the report on the trip to China of a small squad of Russian service people under the command of the Tomsk Cossack Ivan Petlin in 1618-1619. The text is prepared according to the rules of a linguistic publication. Written in the genre of rospis’ (list, inventory), this document became the first reliable evidence of a Russian visit to China and enriched world science with its geographical and ethno-cultural data. The research part of the publication contains the external criticism of the source, including the definition of authorship, time and place of origin of the source, the conditions for its formation and the genre features of the presented Rospis’. According to the established tradition, a complex of paleographic data of the text was considered within the framework of external criticism of Petlin’s report; this relates to its linguistic informativeness: the type of writing, spelling features and the presence of edits in the text, the readability of the text, as well as the characteristics of the graphics of the records created by two people. The text of the present Rospis’ is completed in cursive writing, typical for the beginning of the 17th century, with an even direction of the lines that contain traces of gridding, which gives the writing a certain accuracy. Repeated introductions (a ot - whom?/what? -ekhati/idti - how long?) and parallelism in the construction of sentences are noted on some sheets, which characterises business letters of this era. The analysis revealed new information that supplements the linguistic richness of the previous editions of this report by historians and made it possible to clarify some lexemes (so vstuku, Yunokach’), a number of morphological forms (yadra) reflecting the construction of nominal and pronominal paradigms at that time (vo khramu, vsyakimi obrazy, za plechmi); numerals which in this publication are represented in numbers (vosm’, po pyatidesyat) proved to be particularly informative. When reproducing the text, the rules of a linguistic publication were taken into account, involving the separation of words, the introduction of capital letters for proper names, marking the end of the line and sheet. Marginal graphemes are in italics, titles are omitted, and abbreviations are not opened due to their traditional character for medieval writing (tsr’, gdrstvo). Lost letters at the end of a line or omitted at the end of a word before a similar grapheme at the beginning of the next one are restored in square brackets, reading options are offered in parentheses. The only punctuation marks given are dots next to letter-numbers indicated in the record (da v to zh ozero .D reki / vpali), the selection of paragraphs corresponds to spaces at the end of lines. The text is reproduced letter for letter, reflecting the functional duplication of different graphic characters where possible. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
本文介绍了托木斯克哥萨克伊万·佩特林指挥的一支俄军小分队在1618-1619年间的中国之行报告。本文是按照语言学出版物的规则编写的。这份文件以rospis(清单，清单)的风格写成，成为俄罗斯访问中国的第一个可靠证据，并以其地理和民族文化数据丰富了世界科学。该出版物的研究部分包含对来源的外部批评，包括作者身份的定义，来源的时间和地点，其形成的条件和所呈现的罗斯皮斯的体裁特征。根据既定的传统，在佩特林报告的外部批评框架内考虑了文本的复杂的古生物学数据;这与它的语言信息性有关:写作类型、拼写特征和文本中编辑的存在、文本的可读性以及两个人创建的记录的图形特征。现在的Rospis的文本是用草书完成的，这是17世纪初的典型作品，线条的方向均匀，包含网格的痕迹，这使文字具有一定的准确性。反复的介绍(谁?/什么?)-ekhati/idti -多长?)和句子结构中的平行现象在一些表格上被注意到，这是这个时代商业信函的特征。该分析揭示了新的信息，补充了历史学家先前版本的语言丰富性，并使澄清一些词汇(so vstuku, Yunokach ')，一些反映当时名义和代词范式结构的形态(yadra) (vo khramu, vsyakimi obrazy, za plechmi)成为可能;在本出版物中以数字表示的数字(vosm '， Po pyatidesyat)被证明是特别有用的。在复制文本时，考虑到语言学出版物的规则，包括分隔单词、使用大写字母表示专有名称、标记行和页的结束。边缘字素是斜体的，标题被省略，缩略语由于中世纪写作的传统字符(tsr '， gdrstvo)而没有打开。在一行末尾丢失的字母或在一个词的末尾被省略的字母在下一个词的开头出现在一个相似的字素之前，将在方括号中恢复，在括号中提供阅读选项。给出的唯一标点符号是记录中指示的字母数字旁边的点(da v至zh 0 . d reki / vpali)，段落的选择对应于行末的空格。文本逐字复制，尽可能反映不同图形字符的功能复制。作者声明没有利益冲突。
{"title":"“Rospis’ Kitayskomu gosudarstvu i Lobinskomu...” by the Tomsk Cossack Ivan Petlin: External criticism of the source, linguistic publication","authors":"O. Kazakevich, G. Starikova","doi":"10.17223/23062061/29/7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/23062061/29/7","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the text of the report on the trip to China of a small squad of Russian service people under the command of the Tomsk Cossack Ivan Petlin in 1618-1619. The text is prepared according to the rules of a linguistic publication. Written in the genre of rospis’ (list, inventory), this document became the first reliable evidence of a Russian visit to China and enriched world science with its geographical and ethno-cultural data. The research part of the publication contains the external criticism of the source, including the definition of authorship, time and place of origin of the source, the conditions for its formation and the genre features of the presented Rospis’. According to the established tradition, a complex of paleographic data of the text was considered within the framework of external criticism of Petlin’s report; this relates to its linguistic informativeness: the type of writing, spelling features and the presence of edits in the text, the readability of the text, as well as the characteristics of the graphics of the records created by two people. The text of the present Rospis’ is completed in cursive writing, typical for the beginning of the 17th century, with an even direction of the lines that contain traces of gridding, which gives the writing a certain accuracy. Repeated introductions (a ot - whom?/what? -ekhati/idti - how long?) and parallelism in the construction of sentences are noted on some sheets, which characterises business letters of this era. The analysis revealed new information that supplements the linguistic richness of the previous editions of this report by historians and made it possible to clarify some lexemes (so vstuku, Yunokach’), a number of morphological forms (yadra) reflecting the construction of nominal and pronominal paradigms at that time (vo khramu, vsyakimi obrazy, za plechmi); numerals which in this publication are represented in numbers (vosm’, po pyatidesyat) proved to be particularly informative. When reproducing the text, the rules of a linguistic publication were taken into account, involving the separation of words, the introduction of capital letters for proper names, marking the end of the line and sheet. Marginal graphemes are in italics, titles are omitted, and abbreviations are not opened due to their traditional character for medieval writing (tsr’, gdrstvo). Lost letters at the end of a line or omitted at the end of a word before a similar grapheme at the beginning of the next one are restored in square brackets, reading options are offered in parentheses. The only punctuation marks given are dots next to letter-numbers indicated in the record (da v to zh ozero .D reki / vpali), the selection of paragraphs corresponds to spaces at the end of lines. The text is reproduced letter for letter, reflecting the functional duplication of different graphic characters where possible. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.","PeriodicalId":40676,"journal":{"name":"Tekst Kniga Knigoizdanie-Text Book Publishing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87681563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article deals with violations of the callitypical norms regulating the use of fonts and compositional-spatial signs in a printed text. Norms and deviations of this type are represented in the modern orthology field, despite fundamental technical and technological changes in the media sphere. The theoretical foundations of the work trace their origin to papers on the functional and aesthetic aspect of printed graphics (E. Adamov, V. Toots, E.V. Oleshko, J. Tschichold, R. Bringhurst) and to orthological studies of callitypical norms (J. Vachek, A.A. Reformatsky, B.S. Schwarzkopf). The empirical basis was publications in Argumenty i Fakty and Cosmopolitan Russia for 2019. The author has revealed the following types of nonstandard callitypical realizations using the method of a systemic-functional analysis: total font accentuation (20 units); graphic overprotection (2 units); incorrect use of graphic markers in the main part of the texts (7 units); graphic polysemy and homonymy (72 units); graphic synonymy (51 units); non-normative compositional-spatial variants (5 units). All of them are associated with violations of semiotic symmetry between the signifier and the signified, which is characteristic of rigid systems, including printed language. These non-standard uses differ in terms of motivation, representing creative techniques (total font accentuation, graphic overprotection, ideographic synonymy) or callitypical mistakes (other non-standard variants). Units of the first type, when used appropriately, increase the expressiveness of printed tests; units of the second type complicate the solution of communicative tasks and reduce the level of the speech culture. The author pays attention to the criteria of callitypical normativity and shows that here, as in other orthological areas, the systems principle is in complicated interactions with traditional prescriptions. The study of graphic deviations proves that the callitypical norm creates clear architectonics and provides functional navigation. Therefore, it is advisable to comply with these requirements both in the press and in other types of printing product. The author declares no conflicts of interests.
本文讨论了在印刷文本中违反规范字体和构成空间符号使用的书体规范的情况。尽管媒体领域发生了根本性的技术和技术变化，但这种类型的规范和偏差在现代正形学领域仍有体现。这项工作的理论基础可以追溯到印刷图形的功能和美学方面的论文(E. Adamov, V. Toots, E.V. Oleshko, J. Tschichold, R. Bringhurst)和书法典型规范的矫形学研究(J. Vachek, A.A. Reformatsky, B.S. Schwarzkopf)。实证依据是2019年在Argumenty i Fakty和Cosmopolitan Russia上发表的文章。作者运用系统功能分析的方法揭示了以下几种非标准书体实现类型:总字体加重(20个单位);图形过度保护(2个);在正文部分不正确地使用图形标记(7单元);图文多义谐音(72个单位);图形同义词(51个单位);非规范的组成-空间变体(5个单位)。所有这些都与能指和所指之间的符号对称的违反有关，这是刚性系统的特征，包括印刷语言。这些非标准用法在动机方面有所不同，代表了创造性的技术(总字体强调、图形过度保护、表意同义词)或书法性错误(其他非标准变体)。如果使用得当，第一种类型的单位可以增加打印测试的表现力;第二类单位使交际任务的解决复杂化，降低了言语文化的水平。作者注意到书体规范的标准，并表明，在这里，如在其他正交学领域，系统原则是在复杂的相互作用与传统的处方。对图形偏差的研究证明，书体规范创造了清晰的建筑结构，提供了功能导航。因此，在印刷机和其他类型的印刷产品中都应遵守这些要求。作者声明没有利益冲突。
{"title":"Non-standard graphic realizations in modern printed texts","authors":"E. Khakimova","doi":"10.17223/23062061/29/9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/23062061/29/9","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with violations of the callitypical norms regulating the use of fonts and compositional-spatial signs in a printed text. Norms and deviations of this type are represented in the modern orthology field, despite fundamental technical and technological changes in the media sphere. The theoretical foundations of the work trace their origin to papers on the functional and aesthetic aspect of printed graphics (E. Adamov, V. Toots, E.V. Oleshko, J. Tschichold, R. Bringhurst) and to orthological studies of callitypical norms (J. Vachek, A.A. Reformatsky, B.S. Schwarzkopf). The empirical basis was publications in Argumenty i Fakty and Cosmopolitan Russia for 2019. The author has revealed the following types of nonstandard callitypical realizations using the method of a systemic-functional analysis: total font accentuation (20 units); graphic overprotection (2 units); incorrect use of graphic markers in the main part of the texts (7 units); graphic polysemy and homonymy (72 units); graphic synonymy (51 units); non-normative compositional-spatial variants (5 units). All of them are associated with violations of semiotic symmetry between the signifier and the signified, which is characteristic of rigid systems, including printed language. These non-standard uses differ in terms of motivation, representing creative techniques (total font accentuation, graphic overprotection, ideographic synonymy) or callitypical mistakes (other non-standard variants). Units of the first type, when used appropriately, increase the expressiveness of printed tests; units of the second type complicate the solution of communicative tasks and reduce the level of the speech culture. The author pays attention to the criteria of callitypical normativity and shows that here, as in other orthological areas, the systems principle is in complicated interactions with traditional prescriptions. The study of graphic deviations proves that the callitypical norm creates clear architectonics and provides functional navigation. Therefore, it is advisable to comply with these requirements both in the press and in other types of printing product. The author declares no conflicts of interests.","PeriodicalId":40676,"journal":{"name":"Tekst Kniga Knigoizdanie-Text Book Publishing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86835517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Branches of editing (field of scientific knowledge and a sphere of practical activity) in the 1970s were often in the state of contradiction. On the one hand, freedom of the author’s expression and the editors’ careful attitude to authors’ manuscripts were claimed; on the other hand, publishing saw numerous facts of intervention of ideological party bodies and censorship: without their approval no book could be published. To reveal the degree of intervention into a literary text, the author compares two (1972 and 1980) editions, with preserved typewriting, of the novel Christ Landed in Grodno: The Gospel of Judas by the Belarusian writer Uladzimer Karatkievich. He analyzes the reasons for deleting separate fragments, erasing and replacing words and parts of sentences, and suggests the possible motivation for the editors’ activities. The author pays attention to the novel’s complexity for editorial analysis, to the necessity of reference to the texts of the Holy Bible and different reference materials on religious history when editing. The research revealed numerous corrections. The main reason for deleting separate fragments was the revealing of the author’s position, which was extrapolated on the Soviet society and did not correspond to the formation of Marxist-Leninist ideology with its expressive atheistic orientation. Editors often showed arbitrariness and leveled the author’s style, destroyed the author’s intention, and groundlessly replaced words and expressions uncomfortable for them. The author found differences in the editions of 1972 and 1980. They testify to the lack of the editors’ professionalism. The author mentions the fact that Karatkievich’s novel became a phenomenon in the Belarusian literature of the second half of the 20th century, and it was only in 2015 that the original text of the novel was published in the Republic of Belarus. The research proves that all the writer’s heritage published in Soviet times needs a rigorous study, including comparison of manuscripts and typescripts (if available), and the publishing of the heritage in the author’s edition. This will entail the need for new translations which will acquaint foreign readers with Karatkievich’s original texts.
编辑的分支(科学知识领域和实践活动领域)在20世纪70年代经常处于矛盾状态。一方面，主张作者的言论自由和编辑对作者稿件的认真态度;另一方面，出版也有很多意识形态党组织和审查机构干预的事实:没有他们的批准，任何一本书都不能出版。为了揭示对文学文本的干预程度，作者比较了白俄罗斯作家乌拉齐默·卡拉特基维奇(Uladzimer Karatkievich)的小说《基督在格罗德诺登陆:犹大的福音》(Christ landing in Grodno: the Gospel of Judas)的两个保留打字的版本(1972年和1980年)。他分析了删除单独片段、删除和替换单词和句子部分的原因，并提出了编辑活动的可能动机。作者在编辑分析时注意小说的复杂性，在编辑时注意参考圣经文本和各种宗教历史参考资料的必要性。研究发现了许多更正。删除单独片段的主要原因是为了揭示作者的立场，这是根据苏联社会推断出来的，不符合马克思列宁主义意识形态的形成，其表现的无神论取向。编辑往往一意孤行，诋毁作者的风格，破坏作者的本意，毫无根据地替换自己不舒服的词语。作者在1972年和1980年的版本中发现了差异。它们证明了编辑缺乏专业精神。作者提到卡拉特基耶维奇的小说成为20世纪下半叶白俄罗斯文学中的一种现象，直到2015年，小说的原著才在白俄罗斯共和国出版。研究证明，在苏联时期出版的所有作家的遗产都需要进行严格的研究，包括手稿和打字稿的比较(如果有的话)，以及在作者的版本中出版遗产。这就需要有新的译本，让外国读者熟悉卡拉特基耶维奇的原著。
{"title":"Soviet editing in the 1970s (On the example of Uladzimer Karatkievich’s Christ Landed in Grodno: The Gospel of Judas)","authors":"Piotr P. Zhauniarovich","doi":"10.17223/23062061/28/7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/23062061/28/7","url":null,"abstract":"Branches of editing (field of scientific knowledge and a sphere of practical activity) in the 1970s were often in the state of contradiction. On the one hand, freedom of the author’s expression and the editors’ careful attitude to authors’ manuscripts were claimed; on the other hand, publishing saw numerous facts of intervention of ideological party bodies and censorship: without their approval no book could be published. To reveal the degree of intervention into a literary text, the author compares two (1972 and 1980) editions, with preserved typewriting, of the novel Christ Landed in Grodno: The Gospel of Judas by the Belarusian writer Uladzimer Karatkievich. He analyzes the reasons for deleting separate fragments, erasing and replacing words and parts of sentences, and suggests the possible motivation for the editors’ activities. The author pays attention to the novel’s complexity for editorial analysis, to the necessity of reference to the texts of the Holy Bible and different reference materials on religious history when editing. The research revealed numerous corrections. The main reason for deleting separate fragments was the revealing of the author’s position, which was extrapolated on the Soviet society and did not correspond to the formation of Marxist-Leninist ideology with its expressive atheistic orientation. Editors often showed arbitrariness and leveled the author’s style, destroyed the author’s intention, and groundlessly replaced words and expressions uncomfortable for them. The author found differences in the editions of 1972 and 1980. They testify to the lack of the editors’ professionalism. The author mentions the fact that Karatkievich’s novel became a phenomenon in the Belarusian literature of the second half of the 20th century, and it was only in 2015 that the original text of the novel was published in the Republic of Belarus. The research proves that all the writer’s heritage published in Soviet times needs a rigorous study, including comparison of manuscripts and typescripts (if available), and the publishing of the heritage in the author’s edition. This will entail the need for new translations which will acquaint foreign readers with Karatkievich’s original texts.","PeriodicalId":40676,"journal":{"name":"Tekst Kniga Knigoizdanie-Text Book Publishing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83840619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Preparation of a training manual “A reader’s problem in Tomsk and Tomsk province at the end of XIX - beginning of XX century” by a group of Tomsk researchers is seen as not only relevant and natural but also as a long-awaited phenomenon in the sphere of modern liberal education. Book culture and reading practices in the context of a certain epoch represent interest to specialists not only from theoretical but also from practical and metodological point of view. The purpose of the manual stated by the authors is to “identify the main trends regarding building reading practices at the end of XIX - beginning of XX centuries and determine their value in book culture at the turn of the century” is being implemened based on the unique archival materials from the collections of the Tomsk State University Scientific Library, the Tomsk Local Lore Museum, the Tomsk Regional Archive. Diversity, richness and originality of the factual material coupled with research sensivity and thoroughness make it possible to trace the dynamics of reading practices becoming and developing in Tomsk and Tomsk province and to evaluate their impact on both regional literary process and social and spiritual changes taking place in society as a whole. Study of a reader in the context of the famous N. A. Rubakin’ triad “society - author -work” enables to understand the complex interaction mechanism of literary process, publishing strategies and reading practices existing in inextricable link and in many aspects defining the life of society in its spiritual dimension. The training manual aimed at youth audiences is written in clear language, filled with vivid images of people - readers and book lovers as well as with archaeographic factors introduced by the authors in scientific circulation. Publication has a clear-cut structure set by the logic of promoting a book - from the centre of a province to a rural reader, from the state publishing policy to the forms of readers’ amateur activities. For the convenience of readers, sections are prefaced with annotation, include questions and tasks for self-study as well as the list of additional literature on the topic of study. Such an approach updates research issues, introduces them in the context of vital pedagogical objectives and designates prospects of developing a conscious and qualified reader. And this is the central task, which - in our opinion - the authors of the training manual are well aware of. We believe that this noble task has been perfectly implemented in the book: uniqueness and diversity of the material, depth of its comprehenson, methodical thoroughness make the presented work a modern and timely educational publication and reveal rich traditions in preservation and continuation of high literary culture. That is precisely why the training manual is useful not only for publishers and philologists but also for future specialists with the broad range of expertise who together with professional knowledge in the high scho
一组托木斯克研究人员编写的培训手册“19世纪末至20世纪初托木斯克和托木斯克省的读者问题”不仅被视为相关和自然的，而且被视为现代自由教育领域期待已久的现象。特定时代背景下的图书文化和阅读实践不仅从理论角度，而且从实践和方法论角度都引起了专家们的兴趣。作者表示，该手册的目的是“确定19世纪末至20世纪初建筑阅读实践的主要趋势，并确定它们在世纪之交的图书文化价值”，该手册是基于托木斯克国立大学科学图书馆、托木斯克地方文化博物馆、托木斯克地区档案馆的独特档案材料而实施的。事实材料的多样性、丰富性和原创性，再加上研究的敏感性和彻彻性，使得追踪托木斯克和托木斯克省阅读实践的形成和发展的动态成为可能，并评估它们对区域文学进程和整个社会发生的社会和精神变化的影响。在著名的N. a .鲁巴金“社会-作者-作品”三元关系的背景下研究读者，可以理解文学过程、出版策略和阅读实践之间存在着千丝万缕的联系，并在许多方面界定了社会生活的精神维度。这本以青少年读者为对象的培训手册语言清晰，充满了读者和图书爱好者的生动形象，以及作者在科学流通中介绍的考古因素。从省份中心到农村读者，从国家出版政策到读者业余活动形式，出版有一个清晰的结构，这是由推广图书的逻辑所决定的。为了方便读者，各部分的序言都附有注释，包括自学的问题和任务，以及关于学习主题的额外文献列表。这种方法更新了研究问题，在重要教学目标的背景下介绍它们，并指明了培养有意识和合格读者的前景。这是中心任务，我们认为，培训手册的作者很清楚这一点。我们相信，这一崇高的任务在这本书中得到了完美的实现:材料的独特性和多样性，理解的深度，系统的彻彻性使所呈现的作品成为现代和及时的教育出版物，并揭示了保存和延续高级文学文化的丰富传统。这正是为什么培训手册不仅对出版商和语言学家有用，而且对具有广泛专业知识的未来专家也很有用，这些专家在高中学习了专业知识，掌握了用一本书进行有意义和富有成效工作的技能。
{"title":"The reading Tomsk. Textbook review: The reader problem in Tomsk and Tomsk Province in the late 19th - early 20th centuries (Vorobyeva, T.L. (ed.) (2020). Tomsk: Tomsk State University)","authors":"Natalya V. Oturgasheva","doi":"10.17223/23062061/28/10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/23062061/28/10","url":null,"abstract":"Preparation of a training manual “A reader’s problem in Tomsk and Tomsk province at the end of XIX - beginning of XX century” by a group of Tomsk researchers is seen as not only relevant and natural but also as a long-awaited phenomenon in the sphere of modern liberal education. Book culture and reading practices in the context of a certain epoch represent interest to specialists not only from theoretical but also from practical and metodological point of view. The purpose of the manual stated by the authors is to “identify the main trends regarding building reading practices at the end of XIX - beginning of XX centuries and determine their value in book culture at the turn of the century” is being implemened based on the unique archival materials from the collections of the Tomsk State University Scientific Library, the Tomsk Local Lore Museum, the Tomsk Regional Archive. Diversity, richness and originality of the factual material coupled with research sensivity and thoroughness make it possible to trace the dynamics of reading practices becoming and developing in Tomsk and Tomsk province and to evaluate their impact on both regional literary process and social and spiritual changes taking place in society as a whole. Study of a reader in the context of the famous N. A. Rubakin’ triad “society - author -work” enables to understand the complex interaction mechanism of literary process, publishing strategies and reading practices existing in inextricable link and in many aspects defining the life of society in its spiritual dimension. The training manual aimed at youth audiences is written in clear language, filled with vivid images of people - readers and book lovers as well as with archaeographic factors introduced by the authors in scientific circulation. Publication has a clear-cut structure set by the logic of promoting a book - from the centre of a province to a rural reader, from the state publishing policy to the forms of readers’ amateur activities. For the convenience of readers, sections are prefaced with annotation, include questions and tasks for self-study as well as the list of additional literature on the topic of study. Such an approach updates research issues, introduces them in the context of vital pedagogical objectives and designates prospects of developing a conscious and qualified reader. And this is the central task, which - in our opinion - the authors of the training manual are well aware of. We believe that this noble task has been perfectly implemented in the book: uniqueness and diversity of the material, depth of its comprehenson, methodical thoroughness make the presented work a modern and timely educational publication and reveal rich traditions in preservation and continuation of high literary culture. That is precisely why the training manual is useful not only for publishers and philologists but also for future specialists with the broad range of expertise who together with professional knowledge in the high scho","PeriodicalId":40676,"journal":{"name":"Tekst Kniga Knigoizdanie-Text Book Publishing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78604288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Personal libraries occupy a special place in the structure of the cultural heritage of the past. The study of one of them - currently the largest noble library of the Urals of the 18th century - should be recognized as a serious research objective. The study became possible thanks to the discovery of a rare source - the Property Inventory, compiled in 1789 after the death of the Ural industrialist Alexei Turchaninov. A huge section of the Inventory is reserved for the library, almost a quarter of which (about a thousand volumes) is occupied by Western European publications, and the article aims to analyze the latter. The difficulty, and often impossibility, of identifying foreign books according to the Inventory is due to the fact that they are described not in the original language, but in Russian, with no imprint, briefly, with inaccurate reproduction of authors’ names and surnames. Therefore, it was possible to more or less reliably identify only a part of the books, while all of them were distributed according to linguistic characteristics and branches of knowledge. In total, 16 thematic sections are specified, each presented separately and in a summarizing table. The European publications on astronomy, physics and mechanics, mathematics, chemistry and mineralogy, natural science and medicine, which are not so typical for the noble library, are consistently considered, especially since among the books on this topic there was a lot of scientific and special literature. The maximum number of titles among foreign books was made up of books on chemistry and mineralogy, which speaks of the industrial interests of the library owner and his priorities in choosing foreign publications. The variety of literature on metallurgy, construction, mining, and industrial architecture is quite expected as part of the book collection of the Ural manufacturer. The humanitarian part of the library is rich in books on philosophy, politics and law; a historical section stands out: it ranks third in the number of titles and volumes. Modest in comparison with others, the section of literature of religious content still testifies to Turchaninov’s spiritual quest, his interest in the origin of Christianity and the history of religion. In general, the analysis of foreign books by the degree of reflection of their titles and by the number of volumes in thematic sections showed that books of two sections - on art and pedagogy - dominate in the library, which indicates a serious influence of the family and the owner’s enthusiasm for collecting (paintings, etc.) on completing his book collection. A general conclusion is made that, in terms of the composition of its foreign part, Turchaninov’s library is completely universal, that is, characteristic of the era, but at the same time not typical of the noble book collections of that time; it shows a noticeable trend towards natural science and industrial literature. During the period defined by the term “Gallomania” and the pr
{"title":"Western European editions in the manor library of the 18th-century Ural industrialist Alexei Turchaninov","authors":"E. P. Pirogova","doi":"10.17223/23062061/28/4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/23062061/28/4","url":null,"abstract":"Personal libraries occupy a special place in the structure of the cultural heritage of the past. The study of one of them - currently the largest noble library of the Urals of the 18th century - should be recognized as a serious research objective. The study became possible thanks to the discovery of a rare source - the Property Inventory, compiled in 1789 after the death of the Ural industrialist Alexei Turchaninov. A huge section of the Inventory is reserved for the library, almost a quarter of which (about a thousand volumes) is occupied by Western European publications, and the article aims to analyze the latter. The difficulty, and often impossibility, of identifying foreign books according to the Inventory is due to the fact that they are described not in the original language, but in Russian, with no imprint, briefly, with inaccurate reproduction of authors’ names and surnames. Therefore, it was possible to more or less reliably identify only a part of the books, while all of them were distributed according to linguistic characteristics and branches of knowledge. In total, 16 thematic sections are specified, each presented separately and in a summarizing table. The European publications on astronomy, physics and mechanics, mathematics, chemistry and mineralogy, natural science and medicine, which are not so typical for the noble library, are consistently considered, especially since among the books on this topic there was a lot of scientific and special literature. The maximum number of titles among foreign books was made up of books on chemistry and mineralogy, which speaks of the industrial interests of the library owner and his priorities in choosing foreign publications. The variety of literature on metallurgy, construction, mining, and industrial architecture is quite expected as part of the book collection of the Ural manufacturer. The humanitarian part of the library is rich in books on philosophy, politics and law; a historical section stands out: it ranks third in the number of titles and volumes. Modest in comparison with others, the section of literature of religious content still testifies to Turchaninov’s spiritual quest, his interest in the origin of Christianity and the history of religion. In general, the analysis of foreign books by the degree of reflection of their titles and by the number of volumes in thematic sections showed that books of two sections - on art and pedagogy - dominate in the library, which indicates a serious influence of the family and the owner’s enthusiasm for collecting (paintings, etc.) on completing his book collection. A general conclusion is made that, in terms of the composition of its foreign part, Turchaninov’s library is completely universal, that is, characteristic of the era, but at the same time not typical of the noble book collections of that time; it shows a noticeable trend towards natural science and industrial literature. During the period defined by the term “Gallomania” and the pr","PeriodicalId":40676,"journal":{"name":"Tekst Kniga Knigoizdanie-Text Book Publishing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76664830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elena G. Novikova, Ekaterina M. Ponkratova, Anna G. Kozhevnikova
The relevance of the study lies in the facts that it explores the issues related to the global significance of Dostoevsky’s literary heritage and interdisciplinary approaches to analyzing Russian literature. The significance of the study is stipulated by the current state of scientific knowledge concerning a particular role of literary works in describing and interpreting global political and state processes. The aim of the study is to reconstruct and map Dostoevsky’s geopolitical worldview based on the analysis of his literary and journalistic works. To consider the writer’s works from the standpoint of his involvement into the political issues is the first attempt within Dostoevsky studies. The analysis of Dostoevsky’s literary heritage from a geopolitical perspective was carried out on the basis of Statisticheskiy slovar’ yazyka Dostoevskogo [Statistical Dictionary of Dostoevsky’s Language]. However, since this book does not contain draft notes and earlier versions, preliminary drafts and notebook materials, these texts were intentionally explored. This is the first literary study of its kind which is based on a variety of modern statistical methods. This fact makes it possible to state that the obtained results present new knowledge about Dostoevsky and are of undisputed novelty. The study is focused on big geopolitical subjects, i.e. countries, transnational and national unions, prominent regions; therefore, the present article is only the first stage of the study. In accordance with the conducted analysis and calculations, the following frequency of geopolitical subjects’ mentions is proposed: Russia (4420); France (848); Germany (735); Britain (397); Turkey (304); Siberia (223); Italy (173); Switzerland (172); Poland (145); Austria (141); America (119); Bulgaria (83); Serbia (83); China (49); Spain (40); Montenegro (38); Caucasus (38); Crimea (30); Egypt (26); Greece (23); Hungary (19); Balkans (18); Central Asia (18); Holland (15); Syria (14); Herzegovina (13); Novorossiya (10); Sweden (7); Japan (6); Altai (5); Arabia, Africa, Bosnia, Dagestan, India, Lithuania, Mexico, Sicily, Finland (each 4); Belgium, Iceland, Malta, Peru, Sandwich Islands (each 3); Brazil, Brittany, Denmark, Israel, Moldova, Romania, Sakhalin (each 2); and Galicia (1). The frequency of geopolitical subjects’ mentions by years is as follows: 1877 (2100), 1876 (1516), 1860 (567), 1880 (502), 1872 (388), 1873 (381), 1868 (366), 1862 (328), 1866 (265), 1875 (264), 1869 (170), 1863 (155), 1881 (135), 1867 (128), 1878 (122), 1864 (120), 1859 (102), 1874 (100), 1870 (96), 1856 (75), 1861 (61), 1871 (54), 1865 (52), 1846 (43), 1847 (41), 1849 (38), 1858 (25), 1854 (21), 1848 (15), 1857 (12), 1845 (5), 1843-1844 (3), 1838-1839 (2), 1879 (1); geopolitical subjects were not mentioned in 1841, 1842, 1850, 1851, 1852, 1853, and 1855. he authors express their deep gratitude to M.V. Podrezov for his assistance in preparing this article. Contribution of the authors: the authors cont
{"title":"A geopolitical map of Fyodor Dostoevsky’s world: A systematic description","authors":"Elena G. Novikova, Ekaterina M. Ponkratova, Anna G. Kozhevnikova","doi":"10.17223/23062061/28/1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/23062061/28/1","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the study lies in the facts that it explores the issues related to the global significance of Dostoevsky’s literary heritage and interdisciplinary approaches to analyzing Russian literature. The significance of the study is stipulated by the current state of scientific knowledge concerning a particular role of literary works in describing and interpreting global political and state processes. The aim of the study is to reconstruct and map Dostoevsky’s geopolitical worldview based on the analysis of his literary and journalistic works. To consider the writer’s works from the standpoint of his involvement into the political issues is the first attempt within Dostoevsky studies. The analysis of Dostoevsky’s literary heritage from a geopolitical perspective was carried out on the basis of Statisticheskiy slovar’ yazyka Dostoevskogo [Statistical Dictionary of Dostoevsky’s Language]. However, since this book does not contain draft notes and earlier versions, preliminary drafts and notebook materials, these texts were intentionally explored. This is the first literary study of its kind which is based on a variety of modern statistical methods. This fact makes it possible to state that the obtained results present new knowledge about Dostoevsky and are of undisputed novelty. The study is focused on big geopolitical subjects, i.e. countries, transnational and national unions, prominent regions; therefore, the present article is only the first stage of the study. In accordance with the conducted analysis and calculations, the following frequency of geopolitical subjects’ mentions is proposed: Russia (4420); France (848); Germany (735); Britain (397); Turkey (304); Siberia (223); Italy (173); Switzerland (172); Poland (145); Austria (141); America (119); Bulgaria (83); Serbia (83); China (49); Spain (40); Montenegro (38); Caucasus (38); Crimea (30); Egypt (26); Greece (23); Hungary (19); Balkans (18); Central Asia (18); Holland (15); Syria (14); Herzegovina (13); Novorossiya (10); Sweden (7); Japan (6); Altai (5); Arabia, Africa, Bosnia, Dagestan, India, Lithuania, Mexico, Sicily, Finland (each 4); Belgium, Iceland, Malta, Peru, Sandwich Islands (each 3); Brazil, Brittany, Denmark, Israel, Moldova, Romania, Sakhalin (each 2); and Galicia (1). The frequency of geopolitical subjects’ mentions by years is as follows: 1877 (2100), 1876 (1516), 1860 (567), 1880 (502), 1872 (388), 1873 (381), 1868 (366), 1862 (328), 1866 (265), 1875 (264), 1869 (170), 1863 (155), 1881 (135), 1867 (128), 1878 (122), 1864 (120), 1859 (102), 1874 (100), 1870 (96), 1856 (75), 1861 (61), 1871 (54), 1865 (52), 1846 (43), 1847 (41), 1849 (38), 1858 (25), 1854 (21), 1848 (15), 1857 (12), 1845 (5), 1843-1844 (3), 1838-1839 (2), 1879 (1); geopolitical subjects were not mentioned in 1841, 1842, 1850, 1851, 1852, 1853, and 1855. he authors express their deep gratitude to M.V. Podrezov for his assistance in preparing this article. Contribution of the authors: the authors cont","PeriodicalId":40676,"journal":{"name":"Tekst Kniga Knigoizdanie-Text Book Publishing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84599132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Modern technological conditions make it possible to create, quickly replicate and use audio books conveniently. Audio books are one of the fastest growing segments of the global publishing market. Informative issues of creating audio books, not technological ones, are in the research focus of the article. The content of an audiobook is a voiced text that refers to the “auditory literature”. Assessments of the quality of the auditory literature are polar. On the one hand, it is considered secondary to the original literary text; on the other hand, it is a self-contained artistic phenomenon with its own aesthetic nature. In this article, an audiobook is considered precisely in the aspect of its artistic value, which is highlighted when speaking about the genre nature of the voiced text. The genre features of the voiced text in this study are identified taking into account the communicative features of its formal-stylistic features. The communicative nature of the audiobook genre is associated with two types of reading, which reflect the opposite positions of the two participants in communication. On the one hand, this is an expres-sive reading aloud, which can also be defined as staged reading. Genetically, this type of reading is associated with public performances of artists and initially assumed live reading. Further, this type of reading is transformed into the genre of radio plays, called “theater at the microphone”. In modern communicative practices of creating and repli-cating audio content, including one related to the actor’s readings of works of art, there is no binding to time and place. On the other hand, this is auditory reading, a modifica-tion of which is audio reading in modern technological conditions. If auditory reading is the first reading practice of a child mastering books from the voice of a parent, then audio reading is the choice of an adult who can read. The acoustic representation of a literary work is associated not only with the performance of elementary technical characteristics of sound, but also with the introduction of a certain aesthetic value into it. The creative translation of a literary text from verbal to acoustic should preserve its value in the aesthetic plane, without reducing it to a purely pragmatic one. Actualization of the aesthetic value of an audiobook outside of its paper format is associated with the principles of its directing and editorial preparation – the principles associated with the implementation of the stylistic characteristics of the genre form of an audiobook. Translation of a verbal literary text into an audio one is carried out as a result of comparing reading a book to dramatic action. In this case, the forming element of the genre becomes the sounding text itself. In the case of audio books, the reader’s voice as a performer’s instru-ment and the musical noise accompaniment of the text read is a style-forming genre element. The article traces the publishing strategies for the embodime
{"title":"Genre and Stylistic Features of the Modern Audiobook","authors":"V. Bal, Elizaveta E. Gutkevich","doi":"10.17223/23062061/25/9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/23062061/25/9","url":null,"abstract":"Modern technological conditions make it possible to create, quickly replicate and use audio books conveniently. Audio books are one of the fastest growing segments of the global publishing market. Informative issues of creating audio books, not technological ones, are in the research focus of the article. The content of an audiobook is a voiced text that refers to the “auditory literature”. Assessments of the quality of the auditory literature are polar. On the one hand, it is considered secondary to the original literary text; on the other hand, it is a self-contained artistic phenomenon with its own aesthetic nature. In this article, an audiobook is considered precisely in the aspect of its artistic value, which is highlighted when speaking about the genre nature of the voiced text. The genre features of the voiced text in this study are identified taking into account the communicative features of its formal-stylistic features. The communicative nature of the audiobook genre is associated with two types of reading, which reflect the opposite positions of the two participants in communication. On the one hand, this is an expres-sive reading aloud, which can also be defined as staged reading. Genetically, this type of reading is associated with public performances of artists and initially assumed live reading. Further, this type of reading is transformed into the genre of radio plays, called “theater at the microphone”. In modern communicative practices of creating and repli-cating audio content, including one related to the actor’s readings of works of art, there is no binding to time and place. On the other hand, this is auditory reading, a modifica-tion of which is audio reading in modern technological conditions. If auditory reading is the first reading practice of a child mastering books from the voice of a parent, then audio reading is the choice of an adult who can read. The acoustic representation of a literary work is associated not only with the performance of elementary technical characteristics of sound, but also with the introduction of a certain aesthetic value into it. The creative translation of a literary text from verbal to acoustic should preserve its value in the aesthetic plane, without reducing it to a purely pragmatic one. Actualization of the aesthetic value of an audiobook outside of its paper format is associated with the principles of its directing and editorial preparation – the principles associated with the implementation of the stylistic characteristics of the genre form of an audiobook. Translation of a verbal literary text into an audio one is carried out as a result of comparing reading a book to dramatic action. In this case, the forming element of the genre becomes the sounding text itself. In the case of audio books, the reader’s voice as a performer’s instru-ment and the musical noise accompaniment of the text read is a style-forming genre element. The article traces the publishing strategies for the embodime","PeriodicalId":40676,"journal":{"name":"Tekst Kniga Knigoizdanie-Text Book Publishing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80229336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The reviewer draws attention to the author’s integrative interdisciplinary methodology. First of all, it is the interdisciplinarity of the research algorithm, which allowed the well-known scholar to conceptualize and present the textual embodiment of the correlation of the “text of life” by the “text of culture” in a new way. This approach allows the author to comprehend the “polygenism” of floristic components of a literary plot. The reviewer considers the creation of the concept of an original and, in many respects, innovative research practice – floropoetology – to be the main achievement of the author, a literary critic with significant research experience. The author proposes refined translations and subscripts of French and English texts, archival materials, which adds to the value of the work. The book is intended for a wide range of readers.
{"title":"Book Review: Sharafadina, K.I. (2018) Selam, otkroysya! Floropoetika v Obraznom Yazyke Russkoy i Zarubezhnoy Literatury [Selam, Open Up! Floropoetics in the Figurative Language of Russian and Foreign Literature]. St. Petersburg: NestorIstoriya","authors":"N. Tsvetova","doi":"10.17223/23062061/26/12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/23062061/26/12","url":null,"abstract":"The reviewer draws attention to the author’s integrative interdisciplinary methodology. First of all, it is the interdisciplinarity of the research algorithm, which allowed the well-known scholar to conceptualize and present the textual embodiment of the correlation of the “text of life” by the “text of culture” in a new way. This approach allows the author to comprehend the “polygenism” of floristic components of a literary plot. The reviewer considers the creation of the concept of an original and, in many respects, innovative research practice – floropoetology – to be the main achievement of the author, a literary critic with significant research experience. The author proposes refined translations and subscripts of French and English texts, archival materials, which adds to the value of the work. The book is intended for a wide range of readers.","PeriodicalId":40676,"journal":{"name":"Tekst Kniga Knigoizdanie-Text Book Publishing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82130012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article deals with Yevgeny Zamyatin’s “hypertext” about the female warrior, i.e. with the totality of her manifestations in the works of the writer and the semantic continuum that they form. This type of character is defined as a heroine with outstanding physical abilities (such as strength, horse-riding and shooting skills, etc. - and also great beauty), a strong, proud personality, persistence, ability to fight back, determination to gain the upper hand, to win at all costs - especially in the game of power and armed conflict with the male character that is in love with the heroine and/or is loved by her. The author identifies Zamyatin’s works in which the woman warrior appears, analyzes the plot functions and the characteristic motif complex associated with this image. The author demonstrates that the female warrior represents a very frequent type of heroine in Zamyatin’s works: the image appears at the beginning of his career as a writer, in the short story “Kryazhi” (1915), and accompanies him until the end, manifesting itself in the screenplays written in the 1930s. The author reveals that a specific variant of the plot featuring the female warrior is implemented in Zamyatin’s works: the heroine is shown as equal in strength with the male character, and the test of power happens, in particular in the form of a literal duel. Whatever its outcome is and whoever wins, the storyline usually finishes with the death of one or both characters - either during the combat or as its remote consequence. While the type of the plot is usually the same, the female character itself shows a wide variety: there are Valkyrie-like heroines (Ildegonda in the play Atilla), polenitsas from Russian bylina songs (such as Nastasya Mikulishna in the screenplay “Dobrynya” or Marya in “Kryazhi”), Mongolian women warriors (Borte, Ulek), and even contemporary heroines of this type (Zinaida in the screenplay “The God of Dance”). Usually such characters are attributed in Zamyatin to the legendary epic past or rooted in “folk archaics”; they belong to the rural world, to the Russian village. The constant topoi and the evolution of the female warrior in Zamyatin’s artistic works are revealed; in particular, such motifs as love-hate, test of strength (in the form of a duel or a competition), mutual intendedness of two “strong ones” and their tragic non-encounter are considered. The author notes that the supervalue of the female warriors in Zamyatin’s works is love, while for some other writers of the Silver Age, for instance, for Marina Tsvetaeva or Lyubov Stolitsa, such values were female agency, independence, control over one’s life, freedom, or even spiritual salvation. The play Atilla and its heroine Ildegonda are analyzed in this article in particular detail; the sources of this image are revealed.
{"title":"Yevgeny Zamyatin’s “Hypertext” About the Female Warrior. Article I","authors":"V. Zuseva-Ozkan","doi":"10.17223/23062061/27/2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/23062061/27/2","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with Yevgeny Zamyatin’s “hypertext” about the female warrior, i.e. with the totality of her manifestations in the works of the writer and the semantic continuum that they form. This type of character is defined as a heroine with outstanding physical abilities (such as strength, horse-riding and shooting skills, etc. - and also great beauty), a strong, proud personality, persistence, ability to fight back, determination to gain the upper hand, to win at all costs - especially in the game of power and armed conflict with the male character that is in love with the heroine and/or is loved by her. The author identifies Zamyatin’s works in which the woman warrior appears, analyzes the plot functions and the characteristic motif complex associated with this image. The author demonstrates that the female warrior represents a very frequent type of heroine in Zamyatin’s works: the image appears at the beginning of his career as a writer, in the short story “Kryazhi” (1915), and accompanies him until the end, manifesting itself in the screenplays written in the 1930s. The author reveals that a specific variant of the plot featuring the female warrior is implemented in Zamyatin’s works: the heroine is shown as equal in strength with the male character, and the test of power happens, in particular in the form of a literal duel. Whatever its outcome is and whoever wins, the storyline usually finishes with the death of one or both characters - either during the combat or as its remote consequence. While the type of the plot is usually the same, the female character itself shows a wide variety: there are Valkyrie-like heroines (Ildegonda in the play Atilla), polenitsas from Russian bylina songs (such as Nastasya Mikulishna in the screenplay “Dobrynya” or Marya in “Kryazhi”), Mongolian women warriors (Borte, Ulek), and even contemporary heroines of this type (Zinaida in the screenplay “The God of Dance”). Usually such characters are attributed in Zamyatin to the legendary epic past or rooted in “folk archaics”; they belong to the rural world, to the Russian village. The constant topoi and the evolution of the female warrior in Zamyatin’s artistic works are revealed; in particular, such motifs as love-hate, test of strength (in the form of a duel or a competition), mutual intendedness of two “strong ones” and their tragic non-encounter are considered. The author notes that the supervalue of the female warriors in Zamyatin’s works is love, while for some other writers of the Silver Age, for instance, for Marina Tsvetaeva or Lyubov Stolitsa, such values were female agency, independence, control over one’s life, freedom, or even spiritual salvation. The play Atilla and its heroine Ildegonda are analyzed in this article in particular detail; the sources of this image are revealed.","PeriodicalId":40676,"journal":{"name":"Tekst Kniga Knigoizdanie-Text Book Publishing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84183014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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