Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.5477/CIS/REIS.164.115
Antonio Martín, Andreu Lope Peña, Daniel Barrientos, Benjamí Moles Kalt
"Work-based learning" is positively valued by young people as a form of professional specialization and a rapid transition to the labor market. But the economic crisis has changed the trajectories of labour. Trajectories have been segmented. Today, a broad period of uncertainty in employment is accepted as normal, as well as a form of successive approximation to job stability. This study has been based on the statistical data of the MCVL and in five discussion groups with young people from 16 to 34 years.
{"title":"Aprendiendo a trabajar: trayectorias y discursos / Learning to Work: Trajectories and Discourses","authors":"Antonio Martín, Andreu Lope Peña, Daniel Barrientos, Benjamí Moles Kalt","doi":"10.5477/CIS/REIS.164.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5477/CIS/REIS.164.115","url":null,"abstract":"\"Work-based learning\" is positively valued by young people as a form of professional specialization and a rapid transition to the labor market. But the economic crisis has changed the trajectories of labour. Trajectories have been segmented. Today, a broad period of uncertainty in employment is accepted as normal, as well as a form of successive approximation to job stability. This study has been based on the statistical data of the MCVL and in five discussion groups with young people from 16 to 34 years.","PeriodicalId":46589,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Investigaciones Sociologicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73546678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luis Antonio Andrade Rosas, Carlos Alberto Jiménez-Bandala
espanolLos resultados del combate a la pobreza han sido poco significativos respecto al esfuerzo mundial de los ultimos treinta anos; algunos rubros incluso muestran estancamiento, por lo que se puede suponer la existencia de una trampa de pobreza que impide que los paises pobres encuentren el big push. A partir del concepto de Myrdal de causacion circular acumulativa, en este trabajo se propone un modelo econometrico para calcular las probabilidades que tienen los paises en vias de desarrollo de caer en una trampa de pobreza. Los resultados muestran que hay una correlacion significativa positiva entre el nivel de desempleo y la probabilidad de caer en una trampa de pobreza, y con ello se concluye que la no movilidad intergeneracional y la persistencia de la pobreza estan asociadas fuertemente al desempleo. EnglishResults from the fight against poverty have not been very significant when we consider the worldwide effort made in the last thirty years. Some areas even show stagnation, leading to the assumption that there is a poverty trap that prevents poor countries from achieving the necessary big push. Based on Myrdal’s concept of circular cumulative causation, this paper proposes an econometric model to calculate the probability of developing countries falling into a poverty trap. The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between the level of unemployment and the probability of falling into a poverty trap, and thus, it is concluded that non-intergenerational mobility and the persistence of poverty are strongly associated with unemployment.
{"title":"El desempleo y la probabilidad de caer en trampas de pobreza: consideraciones para países en vías de desarrollo / Unemployment and the Probability of Falling into Poverty Traps: Considerations for Developing Countries","authors":"Luis Antonio Andrade Rosas, Carlos Alberto Jiménez-Bandala","doi":"10.5477/CIS/REIS.164.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5477/CIS/REIS.164.3","url":null,"abstract":"espanolLos resultados del combate a la pobreza han sido poco significativos respecto al esfuerzo mundial de los ultimos treinta anos; algunos rubros incluso muestran estancamiento, por lo que se puede suponer la existencia de una trampa de pobreza que impide que los paises pobres encuentren el big push. A partir del concepto de Myrdal de causacion circular acumulativa, en este trabajo se propone un modelo econometrico para calcular las probabilidades que tienen los paises en vias de desarrollo de caer en una trampa de pobreza. Los resultados muestran que hay una correlacion significativa positiva entre el nivel de desempleo y la probabilidad de caer en una trampa de pobreza, y con ello se concluye que la no movilidad intergeneracional y la persistencia de la pobreza estan asociadas fuertemente al desempleo. EnglishResults from the fight against poverty have not been very significant when we consider the worldwide effort made in the last thirty years. Some areas even show stagnation, leading to the assumption that there is a poverty trap that prevents poor countries from achieving the necessary big push. Based on Myrdal’s concept of circular cumulative causation, this paper proposes an econometric model to calculate the probability of developing countries falling into a poverty trap. The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between the level of unemployment and the probability of falling into a poverty trap, and thus, it is concluded that non-intergenerational mobility and the persistence of poverty are strongly associated with unemployment.","PeriodicalId":46589,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Investigaciones Sociologicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85430752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
espanolEsta investigacion intenta explicar cuando, como y por que emerge WikiLeaks como fenomeno global sistematizando sus estrategias mediaticas en tres claras etapas. Usamos herramientas de analitica web para recoger datos de cuatro niveles de popularidad digital: busquedas en Google, acceso al sitio web de WikiLeaks, presencia y seguidores en Twitter. Se analizan mas de 5 anos (desde su nacimiento en 2006 hasta la filtracion de Stratfor en 2012). Nuestros resultados indican que, en la era de la sociedad red, la popularidad de un fenomeno digital y antisistema como WikiLeaks (y el impacto de sus mensajes) depende, paradojicamente, de su difusion en la prensa tradicional de papel (quality press)que aun conserva su influencia y poder legitimador. EnglishThis study explains when, how and why WikiLeaks emerged as a global phenomenon. Its media strategies were clearly systematised into three stages. Web analytics tools were used to collect data from four different levels of digital popularity: Google searches for the term ?WikiLeaks?, ?WikiLeaks? website traffic, Twitter activity and Twitter followers. Data for more than five years were analysed (from December 2006, when WikiLeaks arose, to the Stratfor case, in 2012). Our results indicate that, in the age of the network society, the popularity of a digital and antiestablishment phenomenon such as WikiLeaks (and the impact of its messages) paradoxically depends on traditional press newspapers (?quality press?). Therefore, newspapers still maintain their influence and legitimising power.
这项研究试图通过将维基解密的媒体策略分为三个明确的阶段来解释维基解密何时、如何以及为什么成为一个全球现象。我们使用网络分析工具收集四个层次的数字人气数据:谷歌搜索、维基解密网站访问、Twitter上的存在和追随者。分析了5年多的时间(从2006年诞生到2012年Stratfor泄露)。我们的研究结果表明，在网络社会时代，像维基解密这样的反体制数字现象的流行(及其信息的影响)矛盾地依赖于它在传统纸质媒体(质量媒体)中的传播，而传统纸质媒体仍然保留着其影响力和合法性。这项研究解释了维基解密何时、如何以及为什么成为一种全球现象。其平均strategies确有一再systematised into三stages。网络分析工具被用来从四个不同程度的数字流行度收集数据:谷歌搜索术语?维基解密?,“维基解密”?= =地理= =根据美国人口普查局的数据，该县总面积为，其中土地和(1.)水。Data for more than五年被analysed(2006年12月时,维基解密arose, to the》个案,2012)。我们的研究结果表明，在网络社会时代，像维基解密这样的数字和反体制现象的普及程度(及其信息的影响)矛盾地依赖于传统报纸(?quality press ?)。因此，报纸仍然保持着影响力和合法性。
{"title":"Estrategias y razones del impacto de WikiLeaks en la opinión pública mundial / Strategies and Reasons for the Impact of WikiLeaks on World Public Opinion","authors":"Alberto Quian, C. Elías","doi":"10.5477/CIS/REIS.162.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5477/CIS/REIS.162.91","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEsta investigacion intenta explicar cuando, como y por que emerge WikiLeaks como fenomeno global sistematizando sus estrategias mediaticas en tres claras etapas. Usamos herramientas de analitica web para recoger datos de cuatro niveles de popularidad digital: busquedas en Google, acceso al sitio web de WikiLeaks, presencia y seguidores en Twitter. Se analizan mas de 5 anos (desde su nacimiento en 2006 hasta la filtracion de Stratfor en 2012). Nuestros resultados indican que, en la era de la sociedad red, la popularidad de un fenomeno digital y antisistema como WikiLeaks (y el impacto de sus mensajes) depende, paradojicamente, de su difusion en la prensa tradicional de papel (quality press)que aun conserva su influencia y poder legitimador. EnglishThis study explains when, how and why WikiLeaks emerged as a global phenomenon. Its media strategies were clearly systematised into three stages. Web analytics tools were used to collect data from four different levels of digital popularity: Google searches for the term ?WikiLeaks?, ?WikiLeaks? website traffic, Twitter activity and Twitter followers. Data for more than five years were analysed (from December 2006, when WikiLeaks arose, to the Stratfor case, in 2012). Our results indicate that, in the age of the network society, the popularity of a digital and antiestablishment phenomenon such as WikiLeaks (and the impact of its messages) paradoxically depends on traditional press newspapers (?quality press?). Therefore, newspapers still maintain their influence and legitimising power.","PeriodicalId":46589,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Investigaciones Sociologicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82017418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Political disaffection, understood as a feeling of estrangement from and distrust of politics, has recently become a widespread explanation for different phenomena, as well as for apparently contradictory electoral outcomes. In this article, we examine which political parties benefited from political disaffection in the 2011 and 2015 general elections in Spain, an under-researched issue in the literature. To do so, we have used the citizen classification proposed by Montero, Navarrete and Sanz (2013), which is based on trust in institutions and interest in politics. We find effects only in the 2015 election. Disaffected voters are more likely to vote for mainstream parties than critical voters. However, compared to satisfied citizens, the disaffected are more likely to prefer new parties.
{"title":"La desafección en las urnas: las elecciones generales de 2015 en España / Disaffection at the Ballot Box: The 2015 General Election in Spain","authors":"Javier Lorente Fontaneda, Irene Sánchez-Vítores","doi":"10.5477/CIS/REIS.161.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5477/CIS/REIS.161.41","url":null,"abstract":"Political disaffection, understood as a feeling of estrangement from and distrust of politics, has recently become a widespread explanation for different phenomena, as well as for apparently contradictory electoral outcomes. In this article, we examine which political parties benefited from political disaffection in the 2011 and 2015 general elections in Spain, an under-researched issue in the literature. To do so, we have used the citizen classification proposed by Montero, Navarrete and Sanz (2013), which is based on trust in institutions and interest in politics. We find effects only in the 2015 election. Disaffected voters are more likely to vote for mainstream parties than critical voters. However, compared to satisfied citizens, the disaffected are more likely to prefer new parties.","PeriodicalId":46589,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Investigaciones Sociologicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72767872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.5477/CIS/REIS.163.101
Francisco J. Sánchez-Vellvé
En este trabajo se evalúa la consecución de los objetivos de pobreza de la Estrategia 2020. Para ello se construye, por primera vez para el conjunto de los Estados miembros de la UE, una medida alternativa de pobreza monetaria a partir de la metodología de los conjuntos difusos, que permite evitar algunos de los inconvenientes del indicador AROPE. Los resultados con el Fuzzy Poverty Indicator (FPI) indican que la probabilidad de que un ciudadano sea pobre en la UE se ha incrementado ligeramente desde la puesta en marcha del programa en poco más de 20 puntos básicos. La UE no está consiguiendo los beneficios pretendidos y, además, da muestras de una importante ausencia de coordinación debida a la falta de homogeneidad en los objetivos y a un comportamiento dispar entre los Estados miembros.
{"title":"Eficacia de la política contra la pobreza en la UE. Evaluación con el Fuzzy Poverty Indicator (FPI) / Effectiveness of Policies to Fight Poverty in the EU. Evaluation Using a Fuzzy Poverty Indicator (FPI)","authors":"Francisco J. Sánchez-Vellvé","doi":"10.5477/CIS/REIS.163.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5477/CIS/REIS.163.101","url":null,"abstract":"En este trabajo se evalúa la consecución de los objetivos de pobreza de la Estrategia 2020. Para ello se construye, por primera vez para el conjunto de los Estados miembros de la UE, una medida alternativa de pobreza monetaria a partir de la metodología de los conjuntos difusos, que permite evitar algunos de los inconvenientes del indicador AROPE. Los resultados con el Fuzzy Poverty Indicator (FPI) indican que la probabilidad de que un ciudadano sea pobre en la UE se ha incrementado ligeramente desde la puesta en marcha del programa en poco más de 20 puntos básicos. La UE no está consiguiendo los beneficios pretendidos y, además, da muestras de una importante ausencia de coordinación debida a la falta de homogeneidad en los objetivos y a un comportamiento dispar entre los Estados miembros.","PeriodicalId":46589,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Investigaciones Sociologicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74544020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.5477/CIS/REIS.163.121
Riccardo Valente
espanolLa presente investigacion introduce el concepto de inseguridad como recurso teorico para identificar los factores estructurales que afectan a la exclusion social en Barcelona. A raiz de un analisis de componentes principales, se calculo un indice compuesto denominado Ranking de Inseguridad Social (SIR), con el objetivo de estudiar la estructura y el volumen de los recursos disponibles en los 73 barrios de la segunda ciudad mas grande de Espana. Los resultados dan soporte a una medida alternativa de la privacion en las ciudades contemporaneas que pueda abordar la relacion entre exclusion social e inseguridad. En particular, el analisis de la distribucion espacial del SIR en Barcelona indica que tanto las areas socialmente desfavorecidas como las areas afluentes se encuentran geograficamente concentradas, respectivamente, al margen y en la zona norte-oeste de la ciudad. EnglishThis study introduces the concept of insecurity as a theoretical resource for identifying structural factors that affect social exclusion in Barcelona. Using principal component analysis, a composite index referred to as the Social Insecurity Ranking (SIR) is constructed with the aim of studying the structure and volume of available resources in the 73 neighbourhoods of Spain's second largest city. The results suggest the need for an alternative measure of deprivation in contemporary cities that can address the relationship between social exclusion and insecurity. In particular, an analysis of the spatial distribution of the SIR in Barcelona indicates that both socially disfavoured and affluent neighbourhoods are geographically concentrated, respectively at the margins and in the north-west of the city
{"title":"La inseguridad como determinante de exclusión social: el caso de Barcelona / Insecurity as a Determinant of Social Exclusion: Case Study of the City of Barcelona","authors":"Riccardo Valente","doi":"10.5477/CIS/REIS.163.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5477/CIS/REIS.163.121","url":null,"abstract":"espanolLa presente investigacion introduce el concepto de inseguridad como recurso teorico para identificar los factores estructurales que afectan a la exclusion social en Barcelona. A raiz de un analisis de componentes principales, se calculo un indice compuesto denominado Ranking de Inseguridad Social (SIR), con el objetivo de estudiar la estructura y el volumen de los recursos disponibles en los 73 barrios de la segunda ciudad mas grande de Espana. Los resultados dan soporte a una medida alternativa de la privacion en las ciudades contemporaneas que pueda abordar la relacion entre exclusion social e inseguridad. En particular, el analisis de la distribucion espacial del SIR en Barcelona indica que tanto las areas socialmente desfavorecidas como las areas afluentes se encuentran geograficamente concentradas, respectivamente, al margen y en la zona norte-oeste de la ciudad. EnglishThis study introduces the concept of insecurity as a theoretical resource for identifying structural factors that affect social exclusion in Barcelona. Using principal component analysis, a composite index referred to as the Social Insecurity Ranking (SIR) is constructed with the aim of studying the structure and volume of available resources in the 73 neighbourhoods of Spain's second largest city. The results suggest the need for an alternative measure of deprivation in contemporary cities that can address the relationship between social exclusion and insecurity. In particular, an analysis of the spatial distribution of the SIR in Barcelona indicates that both socially disfavoured and affluent neighbourhoods are geographically concentrated, respectively at the margins and in the north-west of the city","PeriodicalId":46589,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Investigaciones Sociologicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84947003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
espanolEste articulo contribuye al estudio del bilinguismo y la autoidentidad de los inmigrantes centrandose en el reciente y prometedor concepto de «bilinguismo con lengua heredada». Utilizando datos de la Investigacion Longitudinal sobre la Segunda Generacion en Espana (ILSEG), se muestra que los jovenes que reportaron una competencia limitada en todas sus lenguas tendian menos a identificarse con Espana. Por el contrario, los jovenes competentes en espanol y/o catalan y su lengua heredada – los llamados «bilingues con lengua heredada» – exhiben una autoidentidad mas relajada: se identifican con Espana, pero no consideran su identificacion tan importante. Por ultimo, ni la competencia linguistica ni el bilinguismo con lengua heredada afectan a las actitudes hacia Espana; en estas influye el contexto social de aceptacion. EnglishThis article contributes to the study of immigrants’ bilingualism and self-identity by focusing on the newer, promising concept of “heritage language bilingualism”. Using data from the Longitudinal Study of the Spanish Second Generation, we show that youths who reported limited proficiency in all their languages were less likely to identify with Spain. Conversely, youths proficient in Spanish and/or Catalan and in their heritage language – labeled “heritage language bilinguals” – exhibited a more relaxed self-identity: they identified with Spain, but did not consider their identification that important. Finally, neither language proficiency nor heritage language bilingualism affected attitudes toward Spain; those were influenced by the social context of reception.
{"title":"Bilingüismo con lengua heredada y autoidentidad: el caso de los hijos de inmigrantes en España / Heritage Language Bilingualism and Self-identity: The Case of Children of Immigrants in Spain","authors":"Maria Medvedeva, Alejandro Portes","doi":"10.5477/cis/reis.163.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5477/cis/reis.163.21","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEste articulo contribuye al estudio del bilinguismo y la autoidentidad de los inmigrantes centrandose en el reciente y prometedor concepto de «bilinguismo con lengua heredada». Utilizando datos de la Investigacion Longitudinal sobre la Segunda Generacion en Espana (ILSEG), se muestra que los jovenes que reportaron una competencia limitada en todas sus lenguas tendian menos a identificarse con Espana. Por el contrario, los jovenes competentes en espanol y/o catalan y su lengua heredada – los llamados «bilingues con lengua heredada» – exhiben una autoidentidad mas relajada: se identifican con Espana, pero no consideran su identificacion tan importante. Por ultimo, ni la competencia linguistica ni el bilinguismo con lengua heredada afectan a las actitudes hacia Espana; en estas influye el contexto social de aceptacion. EnglishThis article contributes to the study of immigrants’ bilingualism and self-identity by focusing on the newer, promising concept of “heritage language bilingualism”. Using data from the Longitudinal Study of the Spanish Second Generation, we show that youths who reported limited proficiency in all their languages were less likely to identify with Spain. Conversely, youths proficient in Spanish and/or Catalan and in their heritage language – labeled “heritage language bilinguals” – exhibited a more relaxed self-identity: they identified with Spain, but did not consider their identification that important. Finally, neither language proficiency nor heritage language bilingualism affected attitudes toward Spain; those were influenced by the social context of reception.","PeriodicalId":46589,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Investigaciones Sociologicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88900536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.5477/CIS/REIS.161.121
Mattia Vacchiano, J. Martí, Lidia Yepes-Cayuela, J. M. Verd
This article presents the results of a study on the association between personal contacts and employment in a sample of 250 young adults between 20 and 34 years of age, in the Barcelona metropolitan area. The analysis, based on data from a survey of personal networks, shows that the weight of personal contacts on young people?s insertion in the labour market may be even more important than previous studies have indicated, and is a structural characteristic of the labour market considered in this research. The use of social networks for finding employment maintained its importance both before and during the period of economic crisis, and among those in both skilled and unskilled jobs, although it was associated with the most unstable forms of employment. The results confirm the impact of social resources on job outcomes: mobilizing "few" but "good" contacts is associated with obtaining better jobs.
{"title":"Las redes personales en la inserción laboral juvenil en tiempos de crisis. Un análisis en Barcelona / Personal Networks in Job Insertion among Young Adults in Times of Crisis: An Analysis in Barcelona","authors":"Mattia Vacchiano, J. Martí, Lidia Yepes-Cayuela, J. M. Verd","doi":"10.5477/CIS/REIS.161.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5477/CIS/REIS.161.121","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of a study on the association between personal contacts and employment in a sample of 250 young adults between 20 and 34 years of age, in the Barcelona metropolitan area. The analysis, based on data from a survey of personal networks, shows that the weight of personal contacts on young people?s insertion in the labour market may be even more important than previous studies have indicated, and is a structural characteristic of the labour market considered in this research. The use of social networks for finding employment maintained its importance both before and during the period of economic crisis, and among those in both skilled and unskilled jobs, although it was associated with the most unstable forms of employment. The results confirm the impact of social resources on job outcomes: mobilizing \"few\" but \"good\" contacts is associated with obtaining better jobs.","PeriodicalId":46589,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Investigaciones Sociologicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74770499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The digitalization of the cultural sphere has redefined the relationship of culture with creativity and with its social bases. A discourse of digital utopianism tends to interpet this process as a new stage in the organisation of culture that will foster participation and cooperation, as well as the weakening of cultural monopolies and intermediaries. However, these visions tend to forget the importance of other social factors, such as organisational contexts, struggles for autonomy, disciplinary conventions and tools for evaluating culture. In this respect, the findings of authors such as Bourdieu question some of the central precepts of digital utopianism, understood as a conglomeration of communities or decentralised networks formed by enthusiasts and amateurs, which is presented as the only future possible.
{"title":"La digitalización del campo cultural y los intermediarios culturales: una crítica social del utopismo digital / Digitalization of the Cultural Field and Cultural Intermediaries: a Social Critique of Digital Utopianism","authors":"Juan Pecourt Gracia, Joaquim Rius-Ulldemolins","doi":"10.5477/CIS/REIS.162.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5477/CIS/REIS.162.73","url":null,"abstract":"The digitalization of the cultural sphere has redefined the relationship of culture with creativity and with its social bases. A discourse of digital utopianism tends to interpet this process as a new stage in the organisation of culture that will foster participation and cooperation, as well as the weakening of cultural monopolies and intermediaries. However, these visions tend to forget the importance of other social factors, such as organisational contexts, struggles for autonomy, disciplinary conventions and tools for evaluating culture. In this respect, the findings of authors such as Bourdieu question some of the central precepts of digital utopianism, understood as a conglomeration of communities or decentralised networks formed by enthusiasts and amateurs, which is presented as the only future possible.","PeriodicalId":46589,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Investigaciones Sociologicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75977497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el desarrollo de la Segunda Transición Demográfica en un área rural formada por nueve municipios aragoneses (España), con el fin de estudiar sus características, concordancias y diferencias respecto al marco teórico de esta transición y de la revolución reproductiva. Los datos han sido extraídos de una base de datos longitudinal y de encuestas individuales. Los resultados sugieren que esta área se incorporó a la Segunda Transición Demográfica a mediados de los años setenta, al mismo tiempo que el conjunto del país. Por ello, presenta similitudes en la evolución de algunas variables demográficas, especialmente las vinculadas a la popularización de la anticoncepción, del sexo recreativo y del prematrimonial. Sin embargo, difiere en sus características socioeconómicas, propias del medio rural y agrario.
{"title":"La génesis de la Segunda Transición Demográfica en el Aragón rural (1970-2012) / The Genesis of the Second Demographic Transition in Rural Aragon (1970-2012)","authors":"Francisco J. Marco-Gracia","doi":"10.5477/CIS/REIS.161.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5477/CIS/REIS.161.63","url":null,"abstract":"El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el desarrollo de la Segunda Transición Demográfica en un área rural formada por nueve municipios aragoneses (España), con el fin de estudiar sus características, concordancias y diferencias respecto al marco teórico de esta transición y de la revolución reproductiva. Los datos han sido extraídos de una base de datos longitudinal y de encuestas individuales. Los resultados sugieren que esta área se incorporó a la Segunda Transición Demográfica a mediados de los años setenta, al mismo tiempo que el conjunto del país. Por ello, presenta similitudes en la evolución de algunas variables demográficas, especialmente las vinculadas a la popularización de la anticoncepción, del sexo recreativo y del prematrimonial. Sin embargo, difiere en sus características socioeconómicas, propias del medio rural y agrario.","PeriodicalId":46589,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola De Investigaciones Sociologicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76722154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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