Journal of Psychosomatic Research最新文献

{"title":"Biopsychosocial risk factors for the transition from acute to chronic back pain: A prospective cohort study","authors":"Petra Engelmann,&nbsp;Mareike Busmann,&nbsp;Bernd Löwe,&nbsp;Paul Hüsing","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Biopsychosocial mechanisms are assumed to underlie the chronification of back pain; however, potentially relevant factors have mainly been examined in isolation rather than within comprehensive aetiological models. This study investigated risk factors of chronic back pain based on a current biopsychosocial model for persistent somatic symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Within the prospective cohort study IDRIS (“From the identification of biopsychosocial risk factors to an increase in pain-related self-efficacy – The online-based conveyance of an explanatory model for chronic back pain”), German adults with (sub)acute back pain (&lt; 12 weeks) completed online questionnaires on biopsychosocial variables at baseline, 1-month and 3-month follow-up. Possible predisposing and maintaining predictors of chronic back pain at 3 months were tested in linear regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Between December 2022 and July 2024, 280 individuals from the general population with (sub)acute back pain (mean age 37.52 (SD 12.41) years; 65 % female) completed all assessments. Predictors of chronic back pain at 3 months were dysfunctional symptom expectations at 1-month follow-up (<em>ß</em> = 0.25, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and high baseline pain severity grades (highest grade: <em>ß</em> = 0.18, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). Other postulated variables did not predict pain chronification.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>This study supports the role of negative pain-related beliefs in the transition from acute to chronic back pain and suggests addressing dysfunctional symptom expectations in secondary prevention interventions to mitigate the risk of pain chronification. Future research should assess postulated predisposing factors for chronic back pain in clinical populations over longer timeframes to evaluate their long-term predictive value.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>Stiftung Psychosomatik der Wirbelsäulenerkrankungen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50074,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 112500"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145919086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biopsychosocial factors associated with distress in people with suspected postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS): A longitudinal regression and correlation study","authors":"Iris Knoop ,&nbsp;Annie S.K. Jones ,&nbsp;Sam Norton ,&nbsp;Nicholas Gall ,&nbsp;Rona Moss-Morris","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is a debilitating condition of the autonomic nervous system with no clear referral, diagnosis, and treatment pathways. Patients experience high levels of symptoms and moderate levels of distress. The purpose of this study was to explore biopsychosocial factors associated with distress in those under investigation for POTS, to identify potential targets for intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A longitudinal, quantitative survey. Participants (<em>n</em> = 149) completed demographic, psychosocial, and symptom questionnaires prior to a diagnostic POTS clinic visit and 6 months follow-up (<em>n</em> = 98). Correlation and regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with distress at baseline (within one month before diagnostic hospital visit) and at 6 months follow up.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At baseline, distress levels were moderate and greater symptom focusing, all-or-nothing and avoidance behaviours, threatening views of the illness, emotional reactivity, cardiac anxiety, POTS symptoms, number of specialists seen, lower social support, and younger age were significantly associated with higher levels of baseline distress. The baseline regression model including all demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors explained 61.2 % of the variance in distress, with the psychosocial variables collectively explaining 55.6 % of this variance (F = 11.06, <em>p</em> &lt; .001). There was no significant difference between distress levels at baseline and follow-up. Psychosocial variables explained 4.7 % of the variance (F = 0.76, <em>p</em> = .665) in changes in distress scores over 6 months. Baseline distress scores accounted for the vast majority of variance in distress at follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study identified key novel psychosocial factors that were significantly associated with distress which could be potential targets for intervention. Additional factors such as younger age and a higher number of specialists seen were also associated with higher levels of distress, which merits attention when assessing patients' psychological wellbeing this patient group. Distress levels did not significantly change following the specialist consultation and investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50074,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 112499"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145776321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative sleep quality and anxiety as predictors of postoperative pain and recovery in Gynecologic oncology surgery: A prospective observational study","authors":"Celal Akdemir ,&nbsp;Suna Aşkın Turan ,&nbsp;Mücahit Furkan Balcı ,&nbsp;Süleyman Özen ,&nbsp;Nefise Şeker ,&nbsp;Denizhan Bayramoğlu ,&nbsp;Zeynep Bayramoğlu ,&nbsp;Muzaffer Sancı","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study evaluated associations between preoperative sleep quality, anxiety, and short-term postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing gynecologic oncology surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective observational study included 72 women undergoing open gynecologic cancer surgery. Preoperative sleep quality and anxiety were assessed 24–48 h before surgery using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Postoperative pain was measured using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) at 0, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h. Complications, rescue analgesia use, and length of stay were recorded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Poor sleep quality (%31.9) and clinically significant anxiety (%19.4) were both associated with higher mean postoperative pain scores (PSQI ≥5: 6.3 ± 1.2 vs 5.1 ± 1.3, <em>p</em> = 0.002; BAI ≥16: 6.5 ± 1.1 vs 5.2 ± 1.4, <em>p</em> = 0.001). In adjusted analyses, higher PSQI (β = 0.112, 95 % CI 0.039–0.185, <em>p</em> = 0.003) and higher BAI scores (β = 0.044, 95 % CI 0.023–0.065, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) remained significantly associated with increased mean pain. Poor sleep quality was also linked to longer hospitalization (4 vs 3 days, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and higher complication rates (%52.2 vs %12.2, p &lt; 0.001). Elevated anxiety was similarly associated with higher complication rates (%57.1 vs %17.2, <em>p</em> = 0.004) and more frequent rescue analgesia use (%64.3 vs %29.3, <em>p</em> = 0.014).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Preoperative sleep disturbances and anxiety are significantly associated with worse postoperative pain, higher complication rates, and prolonged recovery; routine screening and targeted interventions may therefore improve surgical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>The study was retrospectively registered at <span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> (Identifier: <span><span>NCT07036549</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>) on June 24, 2025.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50074,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 112496"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145748514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of self-reported sensitivities to various environmental factors in Germany, Sweden, and Finland based on multiple classification criteria","authors":"Ferenc Köteles ,&nbsp;Michael Witthöft ,&nbsp;Anne-Kathrin Bräscher ,&nbsp;Josef Bailer ,&nbsp;Steven Nordin","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Our knowledge on the prevalence of self-reported sensitivities to environmental factors is poor. The lack of accepted criteria/assessment makes findings of different studies difficult to compare; the way of assessment might play a role in the reported prevalence rates. The present study aimed to report the prevalence rates of five environmental sensitivities for the German general population, to compare three of them with Swedish and Finnish data, and to demonstrate the impact of strictness of criterion on the results.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from a German (<em>n</em> = 2515), a Swedish (<em>n</em> = 3253) and a Finnish (<em>n</em> = 1467) population-based survey was used. Sentitivities were rated on ordinal scales in all samples.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the German sample, about 25 % of participants reported mild reactions to sounds, chemicals, and buildings, and about 10 % to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and wind turbines, with a similar pattern for strong reactions, but with proportions of 1–2 %. Data from the Nordic countries show consistent similarities between these two countries, with prevalences exceeding 34 % for mild reactions to chemicals and sounds and about 5 % to EMFs, with a similar pattern for strong reactions, but with proportions of 1–8 %. Prevalence of sensitivity to EMFs was higher, whereas prevalence of sensitivity to chemicals and sounds was lower in Germany. Classification criteria significantly impacted the reported prevalence rates.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Various environmental sensitivities affect a considerable proportion of the general populations of the three countries. To improve comparability, self-report assessment of sensitivities should be based on at least an ordinal scale instead of the widely used yes-or-no question.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50074,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 112495"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145758128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to ‘Machine learning–based prediction of delirium in older patients with chronic kidney disease requiring intensive care: A hospital-based retrospective cohort study’ [Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 200 (2026), article PSR_112454]","authors":"Chia-Rung Wu ,&nbsp;Yung-Chun Chang ,&nbsp;Victoria Traynor ,&nbsp;Shu-Tai Shen Hsiao ,&nbsp;Shu-Liu Guo ,&nbsp;Shu-Chuan Lin ,&nbsp;Sen-Kuang Hou ,&nbsp;Hsiao-Yean Chiu","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112494","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50074,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 112494"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145716582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depressed or delirious? Overdiagnosis of depression in medically hospitalized patients","authors":"Molly Howland ,&nbsp;Nicolas Thompson ,&nbsp;Arushi Mahajan ,&nbsp;Nona Nichols ,&nbsp;Marielle Collins ,&nbsp;Jack H. Owens Jr ,&nbsp;Adele Viguera","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Misdiagnosis of depression and delirium by non-psychiatric clinicians is common. Depression over-diagnosis can cause stigmatization of normal emotional reactions and delays in addressing delirium. We performed a multisite retrospective chart review to examine diagnostic agreement between non-psychiatric services and the consultation-liaison psychiatry (CLP) service.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We reviewed inpatient depression and delirium referrals across two Cleveland Clinic sites. Agreement between referral reason and CLP service diagnosis was assessed. We fit multivariable logistic regression models for the dependent variables of depression overdiagnosis and delirium masquerading as depression, with independent variables that included the primary team discipline and demographic and clinical variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Diagnostic agreement for delirium, strict depression diagnosis, and broad depression diagnosis were 88 %, 67 %, and 80 %, respectively. Of patients referred for depression who did not receive a CL psychiatry diagnosis of depression, 49 % were diagnosed with adjustment disorder, 18 % with anxiety/OCD, 16 % with delirium, and 4 % with neurocognitive disorders. Older age and prior psychiatric diagnoses decreased the likelihood of depression overdiagnosis. Psychotropic medication use increased the likelihood of delirium misdiagnosed as depression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Primary services overidentify depression and more accurately identify delirium. However, given that most alternative diagnoses were anxiety disorders or adjustment disorders, primary services seem adept at identifying psychological distress, which may be related to destigmatization and education efforts by psychiatrists. Primary services recognize prior psychiatric diagnoses as a depression risk factor and demonstrate awareness of geriatric presentations. However, prior psychotropic use may introduce bias. Further research, including direct knowledge and attitude assessments, is needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50074,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 112493"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145710299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EAPM 2026 Florence","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0022-3999(25)00450-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0022-3999(25)00450-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50074,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 112486"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145693750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postoperative visual and auditory hallucinations after cardiac surgery: VAACS umbrella study","authors":"Haitham Abu Khadija ,&nbsp;Nizar Abu Hamdeh ,&nbsp;Duha Najajra ,&nbsp;Wafiq Othman ,&nbsp;Hamza A. Abdul-Hafez ,&nbsp;Anwar Zahran ,&nbsp;Omar Heih ,&nbsp;Yahya Z. Fraitekh ,&nbsp;Mohammad Masu'd ,&nbsp;Mahdi Awwad ,&nbsp;Idiberto José Zotarelli Filho ,&nbsp;Alaa Zayed ,&nbsp;Moaath Sawalha ,&nbsp;Sara Ismail ,&nbsp;Izzeddin Swidan ,&nbsp;Omar Abu-Hamda ,&nbsp;Oday Nana ,&nbsp;Kasem Hamoudy ,&nbsp;Basem Bali ,&nbsp;Moaath Nairat ,&nbsp;Mohammad Alnees","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hallucinations are underrecognized neuropsychiatric complications after cardiac surgery. Data on incidence and type-specific predictors in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and valvular surgery are limited.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a multicenter prospective cohort study (September 2022 to May 2025) across West Bank cardiac surgery centers. A total of 1332 adults (997 CABG, 335 valve) were assessed daily for 7 days postoperatively using the Questionnaire for Psychotic Experiences. Predictors of visual and auditory hallucinations evaluated with Cox proportional hazards models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Visual hallucinations occurred in 11.5 % of CABG patients and 10.0 % of valve surgery patients, while auditory hallucinations were reported in 7.0 % and 5.0 %, respectively. In the CABG group, the multivariable Cox regression models stratified by hospital showed that auditory hallucinations were significantly associated with lower left ventricular ejection fraction (HR = 1.05 per 1 % decrease; 95 % CI 1.01–1.09), longer aortic cross-clamp time (HR = 1.01 per minute; 95 % CI1.0004–1.02), and immunosuppressive therapy (HR = 4.81; 95 % CI 1.13–20.53). Postoperative blood transfusion was associated with an increased risk of visual hallucinations in univariate analysis (HR = 1.87; 95 % CI 1.05–3.33), but the association became borderline after adjustment (HR = 1.97; 95 % CI 0.95–4.09). Among the valve surgery cohort, the hospital-stratified models indicated that prolonged postoperative ventilation was independently protective against visual hallucinations (adjusted HR = 0.78; 95 % CI 0.68–0.90), whereas noradrenalin use (adjusted HR = 6.07; 95 % CI 2.18–16.93) and immunosuppressive therapy (adjusted HR = 5.13; 95 % CI 1.14–23.09) markedly increased the risk. For auditory hallucinations in valve surgery patients, adrenaline exposure emerged as a significant independent predictor (adjusted HR = 3.40; 95 % CI 1.21–9.54).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Postoperative hallucinations affected ∼1 in 10 patients; visual hallucinations were more frequent, auditory hallucinations linked to stress and medications, with risks varying by surgery type, supporting tailored monitoring and prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50074,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 112480"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146020540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EAPM 2026 Florence","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0022-3999(25)00425-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0022-3999(25)00425-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50074,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112461"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145617700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Does insecure attachment affect treatment outcome in young persons with post-concussion symptoms? A secondary analysis of the GAIN trial”. J Psychosom Res. 2023 Jan;164:111100","authors":"A. Tuborgh ,&nbsp;S.W. Svendsen ,&nbsp;A. Elklit ,&nbsp;J. Hunter ,&nbsp;E. Ornbol ,&nbsp;J.S. Jensen ,&nbsp;A. Schröder ,&nbsp;J.F. Nielsen ,&nbsp;E.T. Næss-Schmidt ,&nbsp;M.M. Thastum ,&nbsp;C.U. Rask","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Insecure attachment may negatively affect symptom reporting and disability in physical illness, but research on its influence on treatment outcome is scarce. We explored if insecure attachment: 1) impacted overall treatment outcome, and 2) moderated the effect of an early interdisciplinary intervention in young persons with long-lasting postconcussion symptoms (PCS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a secondary analysis of the ‘Get going After concussIoN’ (GAIN) trial. Participants aged 15–30 years were randomised to either GAIN or enhanced usual care (EUC). Attachment insecurity (anxiety and avoidance) was measured at baseline with the Experiences in Close Relationships-Relationship Structure Questionnaire, and treatment outcome measured by PCS was recorded by the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire. The impact of insecure attachment was explored using both a dimensional and a categorical approach. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ninety-one out of 112 trial participants were included. Neither attachment anxiety nor attachment avoidance independently affected the treatment outcome. However, in a categorical approach, fearful patients (i.e., combined high anxiety and high avoidance) had a less favourable outcome (β = 9.98, 95 % CI: 4.05; 15.92, <em>p</em> = 0.001) than nonfearful patients. Insecure attachment did not moderate the superior effect of GAIN on PCS compared with EUC.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study provided weak support for an association between insecure attachment and the outcome of an early intervention against long-lasting PCS in young persons after a concussion. However, patients with fearful attachment may represent a more vulnerable subgroup. Further research is needed to explore if attachment-informed intervention may enhance treatment prospects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50074,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145446490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}