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State’s debt sustainability management: case of Ukraine 国家债务可持续性管理:以乌克兰为例
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-16 DOI: 10.21511/PMF.07(4).2018.01
F. Zhuravka, H. Filatova, O. Podmarov, Khaled Aldiwani, Fathi Shukairi
Nowadays one of the relevant problems of economic development of Ukraine is the excessive increasing of the public debt that has a number of negative consequences for the financial system of the country. The article is devoted to the research of state’s debt sustainability concept. Special attention is paid to the development of an effective system of debt sustainability management. The aim of the article is to study the theoretical bases of the state’s debt sustainability, investigate scientific and methodological approaches to its management, analyze the public debt and debt sustainability of Ukraine. In order to achieve that goal, the following scientific methods were used: analysis and generalization, decomposition analysis, comparison and compilation. The authors analyzed the structure of the debt sustainability management system: objects, subjects, key principles, objectives, methods, instruments, etc. The list of key indicators of debt sustainability was substantiated and the authors compared their normative values in Ukraine and in world practice. Besides, the state and structure of public debt and the ratio of government debt to GDP were scrutinized. The obtained results proved the debt crisis deepening in Ukraine.
如今,乌克兰经济发展的相关问题之一是公共债务的过度增加,这对该国的金融系统产生了一些负面影响。本文主要研究国家债务可持续性的概念。特别注意发展一个有效的债务可持续性管理系统。本文旨在研究国家债务可持续性的理论基础,探讨其管理的科学方法,分析乌克兰的公共债务和债务可持续性。为了实现这一目标,采用了以下科学方法:分析和概括、分解分析、比较和汇编。作者分析了债务可持续性管理体系的结构:对象、主题、关键原则、目标、方法、工具等。债务可持续性的关键指标清单得到了证实,作者比较了它们在乌克兰和世界实践中的规范价值。此外,还对公共债务的状况和结构以及政府债务与国内生产总值的比率进行了仔细审查。所获得的结果证明,乌克兰的债务危机正在加深。
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引用次数: 3
The efficiency of electronic public procurement system in Ukraine 乌克兰电子公共采购系统的效率
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-28 DOI: 10.21511/PMF.07(3).2018.05
I. Shkolnyk, A. Bukhtiarova, L. Horobets
Public procurement has been the subject of research for a long time in the work of scientists from both the economically developed countries and those undergoing the transformation of public finances. Their research comes from different points of view, namely from the essence of the definition, the process of their conduct, the problems of the legislative framework to their effective implementation. In addition, the issue of electronic public procurement, which can greatly enhance the transparency of this process and reduce the level of corruption inherent in this area in all countries without any exception, is becoming increasingly relevant in recent times.Based on the conducted analysis, the article proposes the definition of the term of public procurement, defines the principles of public procurement as a controlled subject in the electronic environment of their conduct, and systematizes the basic indicators characterizing the effectiveness of public procurement. Based on the Granger causality method, an analysis of efficiency was performed and the basic indicators determining the level of savings in the public procurement system were determined. It is established that the use of Granger causality in changing the amount of savings in the system of public procurement gives only a quantitative characteristic. For a more complete picture quantitative analysis is supplemented with qualitative parameters.
长期以来,无论是经济发达国家还是正在经历公共财政转型的国家的科学家,都在研究公共采购问题。他们的研究来自不同的角度,即从定义的本质、其行为的过程、立法框架的问题到其有效实施。此外,电子公共采购问题最近变得越来越重要,它可以大大提高这一进程的透明度,并毫无例外地减少所有国家在这一领域固有的腐败程度。在此基础上,提出了公共采购概念的界定,明确了公共采购作为电子环境下的受控主体的行为原则,并对公共采购有效性的基本指标进行了系统梳理。基于格兰杰因果关系方法,对效率进行分析,确定决定公共采购制度节约水平的基本指标。本文认为,使用格兰杰因果关系来改变公共采购制度中储蓄的数量,只给出了一个数量特征。为了获得更完整的图像,定量分析被定性参数所补充。
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引用次数: 4
Were tobacco warehouse receipts an economic form of money during part of the Colonial period in Virginia? 在弗吉尼亚殖民地时期,烟草仓库收据是一种经济形式的货币吗?
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.21511/PMF.07(3).2018.04
Paul F. Gentle
This article examines the special use of tobacco warehouse receipts as a store of value, medium of exchange and unit of account in Virginia during part of the British Colonial period. These receipts met the three criteria necessary for them to be a type of money. When confidence in a system of currency with coins is present, this more conventional form of money takes precedence. A respected economic form of currency with coins has all three elements of money: medium of exchange, store of value and unit of account. Tobacco warehouse receipts were used as a form of money in Colonial Virginia. They were used since there was insufficient gold or silver for the commerce in British Colonial Virginia at that time. Also, the concept of store of value is examined in detail.
本文考察了在英国殖民时期,烟草仓库收据作为一种价值储存、交换媒介和记账单位在弗吉尼亚州的特殊用途。这些收据符合成为一种货币的三个必要条件。当人们对硬币货币体系有信心时,这种更传统的货币形式就会占据优先地位。一种受人尊敬的货币经济形式是硬币,它拥有货币的所有三个要素:交换媒介、价值储存和记账单位。在弗吉尼亚殖民地时期,烟草仓库收据被用作一种货币。由于当时英属弗吉尼亚殖民地的贸易中没有足够的黄金或白银,所以使用了金币。并对价值存储的概念进行了详细的探讨。
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引用次数: 0
Economic evaluation of public programmes: lessons from the Expanded Public Works Programmes in South Africa 公共方案的经济评价:来自南非扩大公共工程方案的教训
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-14 DOI: 10.21511/PMF.07(3).2018.03
N. Matsiliza
This review aims at assessing the economic evaluation of public programmes such as the expanded public works programmes (EPWP) in South Africa. The South African government earmarked the EPWP for departments and municipalities to implement projects that are meaningful for economic transformation and inclusive growth. This study argues that economic evaluation of public programmes must consider the interplay of complex decisions making on resource allocations and take into account consequences thereafter in a systematic way. This review paper adopted a qualitative document analysis, where data is drawn from research reports on programme evaluation, policy documents, EPWP evaluation reports, books and articles drawn from accredited journals. Key findings from this study draw attention to unfulfilled great expectations to sustain job creation in an emerging economy in South Africa. Results also revealed that although the M&E design was suitable for the evaluation, it was not compared to any other alternative cost-effective measurement strategy to assess the economic value of the EPWP in South African public service. Based on the lessons from EPWP, this study recommends an integrative approach to evaluate job creation programmes in order to settle on the economic value of EPWP.
本审查的目的是评估诸如南非扩大公共工程方案等公共方案的经济评价。南非政府将EPWP指定给各部门和市政当局,以实施对经济转型和包容性增长有意义的项目。这项研究认为,公共方案的经济评价必须考虑到资源分配方面复杂决策的相互作用,并以系统的方式考虑到其后的后果。这篇综述论文采用了定性文件分析,其中的数据来自项目评估的研究报告、政策文件、EPWP评估报告、来自认可期刊的书籍和文章。本研究的主要发现引起了人们对南非这个新兴经济体未能实现的维持就业创造的巨大期望的关注。结果还显示,尽管M&E设计适合于评估,但没有将其与任何其他具有成本效益的替代测量策略进行比较,以评估南非公共服务EPWP的经济价值。基于EPWP的经验教训,本研究建议采用一种综合方法来评估就业创造计划,以确定EPWP的经济价值。
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引用次数: 7
The effect of it-transformation of the country's financial potential during the post-conflict reconstruction 信息技术转型对冲突后重建期间国家财政潜力的影响
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-04 DOI: 10.21511/PMF.07(3).2018.02
N. Vyhovska, A. Polchanov, S. Frolov, Yevhenii Kozmenko
Over the last five years, Ukraine suffers from armed conflicts that cause substantial losses in the state budget. In this context, shaping the prospects and developing measures for the post-conflict reconstruction of the state and its economy is an important problem. The very possibility and the effectiveness of such measures will depend on the country's financial potential as well as on the financial strength of its entities. This potential is dynamic and influenced by information technology, without which any institution cannot go.Given the particular significance of the financial potential IT-transformation, the role of digital forms of money, crowdfunding and initial coin offering (ICO) was identified. It is substantiated that while overcoming the consequences of military conflicts, their implementation facilitates the attraction and acceleration of the financial resources movement. By generalizing the developments and practical experience of Ukrainian fintech-companies, the principles of such developments application for assessing the external financial environment of economic entities and conducting financial analysis have been shaped.
在过去五年中,乌克兰遭受武装冲突,造成国家预算的重大损失。在这种情况下,为冲突后国家及其经济的重建塑造前景和制定措施是一个重要问题。这些措施的可能性和有效性将取决于该国的财政潜力及其实体的财政实力。这种潜力是动态的,并受到信息技术的影响,没有信息技术任何机构都无法发展。鉴于金融潜在的it转型的特殊意义,确定了数字形式的货币、众筹和首次代币发行(ICO)的作用。事实证明,在克服军事冲突的后果的同时,军事冲突的执行有助于吸引和加速财政资源的流动。通过总结乌克兰金融科技公司的发展和实践经验,形成了这些发展应用于评估经济实体外部金融环境和进行财务分析的原则。
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引用次数: 9
Corporate social responsibility of financial sector institutions in the light of sustainable development goals financing: the role of banks and stock exchanges 从可持续发展目标看金融部门机构的企业社会责任融资:银行和证券交易所的作用
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-11-06 DOI: 10.21511/PMF.07(3).2018.01
I. Makarenko, Y. Yelnikova, A. Lasukova, Abdul Rahman Barhaq
Significant gap in investment resources for financing Sustainable Development Goals can be overcome with the revitalization of the corporate social responsibility mechanism of the financial sector institutions, for example banks and stock exchanges as the largest players in the global financial sector. The most relevant for them are Goals 1, 5, 8, 10, 13, 17. Incorporating these goals into activities of the financial sector institutions requires not only the activation of their CSR mechanism in the directions indicated by the targets, but also the radical restructuring of all business processes and the reorientation of their overall sustainability strategy. Analysis of current sustainability reporting disclosure by financial sector institutions in global and regional aspects was conducted. Based on the analysis, the authors define the role of CSRs of banks and stock exchanges in SDG financing as follows: banks – ensuring their own sustainability and efficiency through CSR mechanisms, formation of new tools, methods and technologies of financial support of SDG; stock exchanges – minimization of information asymmetry in investor decision making, taking into consideration ESG criteria, formation of exemplary disclosure practices and new markets and market benchmarks by listing companies.
通过振兴金融机构的企业社会责任机制,例如银行和证券交易所作为全球金融领域的最大参与者,可以弥补可持续发展目标融资资源的巨大缺口。与他们最相关的是目标1、5、8、10、13、17。将这些目标纳入金融部门机构的活动,不仅需要在目标所指明的方向上激活其企业社会责任机制,而且还需要对所有业务流程进行彻底重组,并重新确定其总体可持续性战略的方向。对目前金融部门机构在全球和区域方面的可持续发展报告披露情况进行了分析。在此基础上,笔者将银行和证券交易所的社会责任在可持续发展融资中的作用定义为:银行——通过社会责任机制,形成可持续发展融资支持的新工具、方法和技术,确保自身的可持续性和效率;证券交易所-考虑到ESG标准,尽量减少投资者决策中的信息不对称,上市公司形成示范性披露实践和新市场和市场基准。
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引用次数: 3
Widening fiscal deficit in Maharashtra state: causes and concerns 马哈拉施特拉邦不断扩大的财政赤字:原因和担忧
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-09-28 DOI: 10.21511/pmf.07(2).2018.05
S. Rode
Maharashtra is highly urbanized and economically developed state in India. But now the growth rate is declining, and debt burden has increased in the state. CAGR has been used to examine the impact of FRBM act on fiscal deficit in the state. The RBI data from 1991 to 2016 show that the primary and fiscal deficit is increasing fast. The revenue and capital expenditure are increasing after 2003 FRBM act. The debt burden has increased in the state due to interest payment, pension liabilities, seventh pay commission to state employees, farm loan waiver scheme and infrastructure projects. State government took loans from different sources to finance its capital expenditure. The least square regression result shows that development expenditure in the state has declined very fast. The expenditure on health, education and social welfare of scheduled caste and tribe has declined in the state over the period of time. Government must improve revenue and capital receipts within the short period. Efforts must be made to reduce the debt burden on the state. Therefore, a number of alternative policies are required to improve revenue and capital receipts. State government must increase taxes on electronic and tobacco-related products. Taxes must be increased on commercial vehicles, luxury hotels, entry tax at hill stations, malls and purchase of diamonds and gold, petrol and diesel. Such sources will increase tax revenue to state government and fiscal deficit can be reduced to some extent.
马哈拉施特拉邦是印度城市化程度高、经济发达的邦。但现在增长率正在下降,该州的债务负担也在增加。CAGR已被用于研究FRBM法案对该州财政赤字的影响。印度储备银行1991年至2016年的数据显示,初级教育和财政赤字正在快速增长。2003年FRBM法案之后,收入和资本支出都在增加。由于利息支付、养老金负债、向国家雇员支付第七笔工资、农业贷款豁免计划和基础设施项目,该州的债务负担有所增加。州政府从不同来源获得贷款来资助其资本支出。最小二乘回归结果表明,该州的发展支出下降非常快。一段时间以来,该州在册种姓和部落在卫生、教育和社会福利方面的支出有所下降。政府必须在短期内提高收入和资本收入。必须努力减轻国家的债务负担。因此,需要采取一些替代政策来提高收入和资本收入。州政府必须提高电子产品和烟草相关产品的税收。必须提高商用车、豪华酒店、山地车站、购物中心的入境税以及购买钻石、黄金、汽油和柴油的税收。这些来源将增加州政府的税收收入,财政赤字可以在一定程度上减少。
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引用次数: 0
The influence of populism on the budget balance of the Pension Fund of Ukraine 民粹主义对乌克兰养老基金预算平衡的影响
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-09-28 DOI: 10.21511/PMF.07(2).2018.03
Serhii Kolodii, M. Rebryk, Svitlana Kolodii
The experience of states with limited democracy shows that populist manipulations often result in a collapse of the pension insurance system, and then – in an escalation of economic, political and social instability. Accordingly, the development of tools for identifying and preventing economic populism manifestations does not become irrelevant.Through analyzing the changes in pension legislation, as well as studying economic indicators’ dynamics, the article shows that pension insurance issues are widely used as tools for populist policy in Ukraine. This ultimately results in the formation of an abnormally low financial stability of the pension system. In particular, during the 2004 presidential election campaign and parliamentary election in 2007, there was a sharp short-term increase in the gap between growth rates of average pension and nominal GDP; significant deviation of replacement rate from its long-term average trajectory; and with some temporary lag, there emerged a substantial increase in transfers from the state budget.It is noted that the main tools for economic populism in Ukraine are: (1) permanent procrastination of retirement age raising; (2) “manual” pensions indexation; (3) the existence of a VIP pensions and early retirement system for certain population categories; (4) transfer of burden to lower-income social contribution payers as a result of limiting the maximum value of unified social tax base.The paper suggests a number of measures, the implementation of which could reduce the negative impact of populist decisions on budget balance of the Pension Fund of Ukraine
民主有限的国家的经验表明,民粹主义操纵往往会导致养老保险制度崩溃,然后导致经济、政治和社会不稳定升级。因此,开发识别和预防经济民粹主义表现的工具并非无关紧要。通过分析养老金立法的变化,以及研究经济指标的动态,文章表明,养老保险问题在乌克兰被广泛用作民粹主义政策的工具。这最终导致养老金体系的财务稳定性异常低下。特别是,在2004年总统竞选和2007年议会选举期间,平均养老金增长率与名义国内生产总值之间的差距在短期内急剧扩大;置换率与其长期平均轨迹的显著偏差;在一些暂时滞后的情况下,国家预算的转移出现了大幅增加。值得注意的是,乌克兰经济民粹主义的主要工具是:(1)永久拖延提高退休年龄;(2) “手动”养老金指数化;(3) 为某些人口类别建立了贵宾养老金和提前退休制度;(4) 由于限制了统一社会税基的最大值,将负担转移给了低收入的社会缴费者。该文件提出了一系列措施,实施这些措施可以减少民粹主义决策对乌克兰养老基金预算平衡的负面影响
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引用次数: 1
Quantitative relationship between corruption and development of the Tunisian stock market 腐败与突尼斯股票市场发展的定量关系
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-09-28 DOI: 10.21511/PMF.07(2).2018.04
Ibtissem Missaoui, Mohsen Brahmi, Jaleleddine BenRajeb
The aim of this article is to seek especially the impact of corruption on the bond and stock market development. For the methodology/approach, the authors analyze a sample of 20 listed Tunisian firms from the Stock Exchange and Financial market, covering the period from 2006 to 2016 by using pooling cross section techniques. The results find a significant positive effect of the level of corruption on the stock market index and the logarithm of capitalization. This is consistent with the view that corruption accelerates the economic growth by speeding up transactions and allowing private companies to overcome the inefficiencies imposed by the government. Furthermore, the results find a negative association is not significant with the dependent variable of traded value as a percentage of the number of listed companies.
本文的目的是特别寻求腐败对债券和股票市场发展的影响。对于方法/方法,作者使用汇总横截面技术分析了2006年至2016年期间来自证券交易所和金融市场的20家突尼斯上市公司的样本。结果发现,腐败程度对股票市场指数和资本化对数有显著的正向影响。这与腐败通过加速交易和让私营公司克服政府强加的低效率来加速经济增长的观点一致。此外,研究结果发现,交易价值的因变量占上市公司数量的百分比与交易价值的负相关并不显著。
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引用次数: 8
Estimation of fintech market in Ukraine in terms of global development of financial and banking systems 从全球金融和银行系统发展的角度评估乌克兰金融科技市场
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-09-24 DOI: 10.21511/PMF.07(2).2018.02
Józef Antoni Haber, I. D’yakonova, Ann Milchakova
This paper examines the fintech concept and fintech market structure. The theoretical and methodological approaches to the adaptation of the Ukrainian banking market to fintech in terms of globalization are investigated. The problems of Ukrainian banking system reforming after the national economy long-term recession are determined. Phases of technology development in the Ukrainian banking system are considered and fintech innovations in Ukraine are discovered.
本文考察了金融科技的概念和金融科技的市场结构。研究了乌克兰银行市场在全球化方面适应金融科技的理论和方法方法。在国民经济长期衰退后,乌克兰银行体系改革面临的问题是确定的。考虑了乌克兰银行系统的技术发展阶段,并发现了乌克兰的金融科技创新。
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引用次数: 4
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Public and Municipal Finance
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