Annales pharmaceutiques francaises最新文献

{"title":"[18F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-sorbitol ([18F]FDS) PET imaging repurposed for quantitative estimation of blood-brain barrier permeability in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Numerous studies suggest that blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction may contribute to the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Clinically available neuroimaging methods are needed for quantitative “scoring” of BBB permeability in AD patients. [</span><sup>18</sup>F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-sorbitol ([<sup>18</sup>F]FDS), which can be easily obtained from simple chemical reduction of commercial [<sup>18</sup>F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose ([<sup>18</sup>F]FDG), was investigated as a small-molecule marker of BBB permeability, in a pre-clinical model of AD using in vivo PET imaging. Chemical reduction of [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG to [<sup>18</sup>F]FDS was obtained with a 100% conversion yield. Dynamic PET acquisitions were performed in the APP/PS1 rat model of AD (TgF344-AD, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->3) compared with age-matched littermates (WT, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->4). The brain uptake of [<sup>18</sup>F]FDS was determined in selected brain regions, delineated from a coregistered rat brain template. The brain uptake of [<sup>18</sup>F]FDS in the brain regions of AD rats versus WT rats was compared using a 2-way ANOVA. The uptake of [<sup>18</sup>F]FDS was significantly higher in the whole brain of AD rats, as compared with WT rats (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001), suggesting increased BBB permeability. Enhanced brain uptake of [<sup>18</sup>F]FDS in AD rats was significantly different across brain regions (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001). Minimum difference was observed in the amygdala (+89.0<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->7.6%, <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001) and maximum difference was observed in the midbrain (+177.8<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->29.2%, <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001). [<sup>18</sup>F]FDS, initially proposed as radio-pharmaceutical to estimate renal filtration using PET imaging, can be repurposed for non-invasive and quantitative determination of BBB permeability in vivo. Making the best with the quantitative properties of PET imaging, it was possible to estimate the extent of enhanced BBB permeability in a rat model of AD.</p></div><div><p>De nombreuses études suggèrent qu’une atteinte de la barrière hémato-encéphalique (BHE) pourrait contribuer à la progression de la maladie d’Alzheimer (MA). Il apparaît nécessaire de développer des outils d’imagerie cérébrale permettant d’évaluer la perméabilité de la BHE chez les patients, de manière quantitative. Le [<sup>18</sup>F]désoxy-2-fluoro-2-sorbitol ([<sup>18</sup>F]FDS) est un radio-pharmaceutique pour l’imagerie TEP qui peut être obtenu par simple réduction chimique du [<sup>18</sup>F]désoxy-2-fluoro-2-sorbitol ([<sup>18</sup>F]FDG). Dans cette étude, l’imagerie TEP au [<sup>18</sup>F]FDS a été évalué comme marqueur de perméabilité de la BHE chez le rat, dans un modèle de MA. Des acquisitions TEP dynamiques ont été réalisées dans un modèle de MA (rats TgF344-AD, APP/PS1 <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->3) et des rats témoins du même âge (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->4).","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"82 5","pages":"Pages 822-829"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140797447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"1er semestre 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"82 5","pages":"Pages 944-951"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142099218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Évaluation des pratiques professionnelles sur l’utilisation des armoires informatisées de stockage des médicaments par les infirmiers diplômés d’état","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>La sécurisation de la prise en charge médicamenteuse des patients est une priorité de santé publique. À l’hôpital, le circuit du médicament comporte des risques, notamment en termes de stockage. Dans le cadre d’un projet institutionnel, le déploiement d’armoires informatisées (AI) dans les services de soins de notre hôpital a été initié en 2015. En 2022, quasiment tous les services de soins en étaient équipés. Chaque prélèvement de médicament est réalisé par l’Infirmier Diplômé d’État (IDE) selon le nom du patient en fonction du plan d’administration. De plus, les recommandations locales sont de prélever les médicaments pour une durée maximale de 24<!--> <!-->heures. Dans ce contexte, notre objectif était d’évaluer les pratiques professionnelles (EPP) infirmières afin d’identifier les étapes nécessitant des plans d’actions. Pour répondre à cet objectif, nous avons : i) étudié la conformité des prélèvements informatiques de médicaments au regard des prescriptions un jour donné dans tout l’établissement, ii) évalué les pratiques de prélèvements par le biais d’un audit observationnel, et iii) proposé des cas pratiques sous forme de QCM ainsi qu’un questionnaire de satisfaction quant aux AI. Plus de 300 prescriptions ont été analysés comportant 2511 médicaments nécessitant au moins un prélèvement le jour de l’évaluation. Le taux de conformité des prélèvements au regard des médicaments prescrits était de 44,7 %. D’après l’audit observation le taux de conformité des prélèvements était de 74,5 %. Les non-conformités étaient principalement liées à la sélection du mauvais patient à l’AI ou à un prélèvement pour une durée supérieure à celle préconisée sur l’établissement. Enfin, le taux de réponses correctes aux cas proposés était de 61,9 % et les IDE étaient globalement satisfaits voire très satisfaits de l’équipement.</p></div><div><p>Ensuring the safety of patient medication management is a public health priority. In hospitals, the medication circuit involves risks, especially in terms of storage. As part of an institutional project, the deployment of computerized medicine cabinets in our hospital's care units was initiated in 2015. By 2022, almost all care departments were equipped. Each drug picking is carried out by the registered nurse according to the patient's name, in accordance with the administration plan. In addition, local recommendations are to collect medication for a maximum of 24<!--> <!-->hours. In this context, our objective was to assess nursing professional practices in order to identify the steps requiring action plans. To meet this objective, we i) studied the compliance of computerized drug samplings with prescriptions on a given day throughout the establishment, ii) assessed picking practices with an observational audit, and iii) proposed questionnaires, including practical cases and satisfaction questions. Over 300 prescriptions were analyzed, including 2,511 drugs requiring at least one collect on the day of the assessme","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"82 5","pages":"Pages 937-943"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140847067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect of Enicostemma axillare - Swertiamarin on oxidative stress against nicotine-induced liver damage in SD rats","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.03.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The current investigation was aimed to determine the hepatoprotective benefits of Swertiamarin (ST) administration against nicotine-induced hepatotoxicity in SD rats.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>A total of 48 adult male SD rats were allocated into six groups using a fully randomised approach. As a control, group I was given oral (PO) normal saline. For 65 days, the animals in groups II, III, IV, V and VI received 2.5<!--> <!-->mg/kg/day of nicotine intraperitoneally (IP), 100<!--> <!-->mg/kg/day of ST orally (PO), 200<!--> <!-->mg/kg/day of ST orally (PO), 2.5<!--> <!-->mg/kg/day of nicotine (IP)<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->100<!--> <!-->mg/kg/day of ST (PO), and 2.5<!--> <!-->mg/kg/day of nicotine (IP)<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->200<!--> <!-->mg/kg/day of ST (PO), respectively. Animals were killed on 66<sup>th</sup>day, liver tissue was removed and used for histopathological analysis as well as biochemical testing (oxidative stress parameters and liver function enzymes).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>When compared to control animals, the animals in group II showed a substantial rise in their aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, and creatinine levels (<em>P</em> <!-->˂<!--> <!-->0.001). Furthermore, compared to control animals, these animals displayed enhanced hepatic oxidative stress as indicated by significantly higher Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (<em>P</em> <!-->˂<!--> <!-->0.001) and lower levels of Catalase (CAT), Glutathione (GSH), Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) (<em>P</em> <!-->˂<!--> <!-->0.001). Further, more histological anomalies were seen in the liver of nicotine-treated rats compared to control rats, including significant vacuolization, poor tissue architecture, the growth of pycnotic nuclei, and dilated sinusoids. Contrary to nicotine-treated rats, the co-administration of ST and nicotine was observed to prevent the abnormalities caused by nicotine (groups V and VI).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results of the current study show that nicotine can seriously harm liver tissue and that swertiamarin can prevent the harmful effects of nicotine on rat liver. Future research is necessary to delve deeply into the mechanisms behind swertiamarin protective impact against nicotine-induced hepatotoxicity.</p></div><div><h3>Objectif</h3><p>La présente enquête visait à déterminer les bénéfices hépatoprotecteurs de l’administration de Swertiamarine (ST) contre l’hépatotoxicité induite par la nicotine chez les rats SD.</p></div><div><h3>Matériel et méthodes</h3><p>Au total, 48 rats SD mâles adultes ont été répartis en six groupes en utilisant une approche entièrement randomisée. À titre de contrôle, le groupe I a reçu une solution saline normale par voie orale (PO). Pendant 65<!--> <!-->jours, les animaux des groupes II, III, IV, V et VI ont reçu 2,5<!--> <!-->mg/kg/j de nicotine par voie intrapéritonéale (IP), 100<!--> <!-->mg/kg/j de","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"82 5","pages":"Pages 792-799"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140760073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of quetiapine fumarate loaded polyethylene glycol decorated graphene oxide nanosheets: In vitro-ex vivo characterization","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Quetiapine Fumarate (QF) is an atypical antipsychotic with poor oral bioavailability (9%) due to its low permeability and pH-dependent solubility. Therefore, this study aims to design QF-loaded polyethylene glycol (PEG) functionalized </span>graphene oxide<span> nanosheets (GON) for nasal delivery of QF. In brief, GO was synthesized using a modified Hummers process, followed by ultra-sonication to produce GON. Subsequently, PEG-functionalized GON was prepared using carbodiimide chemistry (PEG-GON). QF was then decorated onto the cage of PEG-GON using the π–π stacking phenomenon (QF@PEG-GON). The QF@PEG-GON nanocomposite underwent several spectral characterizations, </span></span><em>in vitro</em> drug release, mucoadhesion study, <em>ex vivo</em> diffusion study, etc. The surface morphology of QF@PEG-GON nanocomposite validates the cracked nature of the nanocomposite, whereas the diffractograms and thermogram of nanocomposite confirm the conversion of QF into an amorphous form with uniform distribution in PEG-GON. Moreover, an <em>ex vivo</em> study of PEG-GON demonstrates superior mucoadhesion capacity due to its surface functional groups and hydrophilicity. The percent drug loading content and percent entrapment efficiency of the nanocomposite were found to be 9.2<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.62% and 92.3<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.02%, respectively. The developed nanocomposite exhibited 43.82<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.65% drug release within 24<!--> <!-->h, with the Korsemeyer-Peppas model providing the best-fit release kinetics (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup>: 0.8614). Here, the interlayer spacing of PEG-GON prevented prompt diffusion of the buffer, leading to a delayed release pattern. In conclusion, the anticipated QF@PEG-GON nanocomposite shows promise as a nanocarrier platform for nasal delivery of QF.</p></div><div><p>Le fumarate de quétiapine (QF) est un antipsychotique atypique avec une faible biodisponibilité orale (9 %) en raison de sa faible perméabilité et de sa solubilité dépendante du pH. Par conséquent, cette étude vise à concevoir des nanofeuilles d’oxyde de graphène (GON) fonctionnalisées en polyéthylène glycol (PEG) chargées de QF pour l’administration nasale de QF. En bref, GO a été synthétisé à l’aide d’un procédé Hummers modifié, suivi d’une ultra-sonication pour produire du GON. Par la suite, du GON fonctionnalisé par PEG a été préparé en utilisant la chimie du carbodiimide (PEG-GON). QF a ensuite été décoré sur la cage de PEG-GON en utilisant le phénomène d’empilement π–π (QF@PEG-GON). Le nanocomposite QF@PEG-GON a subi plusieurs caractérisations spectrales, libération de médicaments in vitro, étude de mucoadhésion, étude de diffusion ex vivo, etc. La morphologie de surface du nanocomposite QF@PEG-GON valide la nature fissurée du nanocomposite, alors que les diffractogrammes et le thermogramme de nanocomposite confirment la conversion du QF en une forme amorphe à distribution uniforme dans le PEG-GON. De plus, une étud","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"82 5","pages":"Pages 848-864"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140847204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV rapid tests immunological internal control can be misleading","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"82 5","pages":"Pages 765-770"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141185985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Base de données Enthalpies : évidence et théorie appliquée à la pratique en stérilisation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectifs</h3><p>Afin de partager leurs connaissances, les responsables d’unités de stérilisation publient les résultats de leurs travaux dans des revues ou lors de congrès scientifiques. Enthalpies a pour objectif de répertorier l’ensemble de ces travaux dans une base de données unique. Le travail présenté décrit la construction de cette base et l’évaluation de la faisabilité de sa mise en place pour l’étape du lavage.</p></div><div><h3>Méthodes</h3><p>La première étape a consisté à réaliser une revue de la littérature. Seuls les articles publiés sur 10<!--> <!-->ans (2013–2023) en lien avec l’étape de lavage ont été inclus. Ensuite, chaque publication a été catégorisée, codée, gradée et résumée par un binôme pharmacien-interne. L’ensemble de ces données a été colligé dans un tableur Excel® puis à partir de la catégorisation des données, une arborescence a été créée permettant d’appréhender l’interface entre l’utilisateur et la plateforme devant héberger Enthalpies.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Quatre-vingt et une publications ont été identifiées. Celles-ci ont été catégorisées en 6 thèmes et 27 sous-thèmes. Pour chaque publication, une grille de lecture a été rédigée. Genially®, plateforme en ligne, a été choisi pour héberger notre base de données.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Enthalpies n’a pas été conçu pour émettre des recommandations de bonne pratique. Cependant, cet outil permet en colligeant les données scientifiques publiées d’aider à la prise de décision. Il représente une solution innovante pour mettre à disposition une revue de la littérature dans le domaine de la stérilisation hospitalière.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>In order to share their knowledge, sterilization unit managers publish the results of their work in journals or at scientific conferences. The aim of Enthalpies is to list all such work in a single database. The work presented describes the construction of this database and the assessment of its feasibility for the washing step.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The first step was to carry out a literature review. Only articles published over 10<!--> <!-->years (2013–2023) in connection with the ten-year washing stage were included. Then, each publication was categorized, coded, graded and summarized by a pharmacist-internal pair. All this data was collated in an Excel® spreadsheet, and from the data categorization a tree structure was created, enabling the interface between the user and the platform hosting Enthalpies to be understood.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Eighty-one publications were identified. These were categorized into 6 themes and 27 sub-themes. A reading grid was drawn up for each publication. Genially®, an online platform, was chosen to host our database.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Enthalpies was not designed to issue recommendations for best practice. However, by collating published scientific data, this tool can be used to assist decision-making. It represents","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"82 5","pages":"Pages 916-923"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140768183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Covid-19 psychological distress: Analysis of antipsychotic drugs’ use in an Italian population sample","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The current pandemic, in addition to putting a strain on healthcare systems and global economies, has exacerbated psychiatric problems and undermined the mental health of many individuals. In an Italian cohort, this phenomenon has been assessed through a retrospective study aimed at evaluating the consumption and costs of antipsychotic drugs between 2020 and 2022.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>All dispensations made in local pharmacies accessible to the public have been extracted from a database called ‘Sistema Tessera Sanitaria’, which covers a population of approximately one million people residents in the ASL Napoli 3 Sud. Consumption data expressed in defined daily dose (DDD) and expenditure data expressed in Euro have been extrapolated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results in the years 2020–2021 were relatively consistent, with consumption and expenditure decreasing slightly from 2020 to 2021. In 2022, the results showed a decrease in consumption and expenditure (2,706,951.07 DDD and €1,700,897.47) representing the reduced accessibility of patients to the healthcare facilities due to the pandemic. However, it should be noted that the antipsychotic drug aripiprazole showed an upward trend, registering an increase in consumption.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Despite expectations of increased consumption of antipsychotic medications, real-world evidence indicated a different phenomenon, with the pandemic seemingly not affecting the consumption of these drugs. The difficulty in accessing care and medical appointments has probably influenced this data, masking the therapeutic needs of citizens. It will be necessary to assess in the coming years, as normal clinical activity resumes, whether there will be a growing consumption of these medications, which represent one of the main expenditure categories for the National Healthcare System.</p></div><div><h3>Contexte</h3><p>La pandémie actuelle, en plus de mettre à rude épreuve les systèmes de santé et les économies mondiales, a exacerbé les problèmes psychiatriques et miné la santé mentale de nombreux individus. Il est bien connu que les événements épidémiques, en particulier les périodes de confinement, augmentent le risque de développer des troubles anxieux, des dépressions et des comportements agressifs.</p></div><div><h3>Méthodes</h3><p>Dans une cohorte italienne, ce phénomène a été évalué par le biais d’une étude rétrospective visant à évaluer la consommation et les coûts des médicaments antipsychotiques pendant et après la pandémie de Covid-19 dans les années 2020–2022. Toutes les ordonnances délivrées dans les pharmacies locales accessibles au public ont été extraites d’une base de données appelée Health Card System, couvrant une population d’environ un million de personnes.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Les résultats pour les années 2020 à 2021 sont relativement cohérents, la consommation et les dépenses ayant légèrement diminué entre 2020 et ","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"82 5","pages":"Pages 840-847"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140780545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycemic and lipid control in patients with diabetes at time of myocardial infarction","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Cardiovascular risk is increased in patients with diabetes. Little is known about glycemic and lipid control in patients with diabetes. We aimed to assess glycemic and lipid controls in patients with diabetes at time of their myocardial infarction.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>All known patients with type 2 diabetes consecutively admitted for a myocardial infarction in our coronary care unit between March 1<sup>st</sup> and December 31<sup>st</sup>, 2021 were included in this retrospective study. Glycemic and lipid control was assessed through individualized target of glycated haemoglobin (HbA<sub>1c</sub>) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), respectively. At admission, the comprehensive list of chronic medications was obtained through medication reconciliation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This study included 112 patients with a median age of 72 years. Most of patients had an individualized target of HbA<sub>1c</sub> and LDL-c of 7.0% (67%) and 0.55<!--> <!-->g/L (96%), respectively. The rate of uncontrolled patients for HbA<sub>1c</sub> and LDL-c and both was 46%, 90%, and 42% respectively. The rate of patients with non-optimal glucose- and lipid-lowering medications in uncontrolled patients was 63% and 87%, respectively. The rate of inappropriate glucose- and lipid-lowering medications was 73% and 91%, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We highlighted the poor glycemic and lipid control in high-risk CV patients. There is an urgent need to develop multidisciplinary approaches to optimize CV risk factors control to reduce myocardial infarction and strokes.</p></div><div><h3>Objectif</h3><p>Les patients diabétiques présentent un haut risqué cardiovasculaire. Peu de données existent sur le contrôle glycémique et lipidique des patients diabétiques en vie réelle. Notre objectif était d’évaluer le contrôle glycémique et lipidique des patients diabétiques au moment de leu infarctus du myocarde.</p></div><div><h3>Méthode</h3><p>Tous les patients diabétiques connus admis dans notre unité de soins intensifs de cardiologie pour un infarctus du myocarde entre mars et décembre 2021 ont été inclus dans notre analyse rétrospective. Le contrôle glycémique et lipidique a été évalué à l’aide des valeurs cibles individualisées d’hémoglobine glyquée (HbA<sub>1c</sub>) et du cholestérol lipoprotéine de faible densité (LDL-c). À l’admission, un bilan médicamenteux optimisé a été effectué par le pharmacien.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>L’étude a inclus 112 patients d’âge médian 72 ans. La plupart des patients avait des valeurs de HbA<sub>1c</sub> et LDL-c cibles de 7,0 % (67 %) et 0,55 g/L (96 %), respectivement. Le taux de patients non contrôlés pour HbA<sub>1c</sub>, LDL-c et les deux était 46 %, 90 % et 42 %, respectivement. Le taux de patients avec un traitement antidiabétique et hypolipémiant non optimal était 63 % et 87 %, respectivement. Le taux de médicaments antidiabétiques et hypolipémiants ","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"82 5","pages":"Pages 865-872"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of mucoadhesive microspheres for intranasal delivery of fluconazole as an alternative treatment of cryptococcal meningitis infection in patients with acquired immunodeficiency","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Cryptococcal meningitis is a deadly disease with few treatment options. Its incidence is still high and closely linked to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This study aimed to develop a mucoadhesive microsphere delivery system for fluconazole for the intranasal route.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Microspheres of mucoadhesive fluconazole formulation variables such as different amounts of drug concentration and polymer concentration were prepared by a simple emulsion-crosslinking method. The prepared microspheres’ surface was characterised by SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) and evaluated for particle size, entrapment efficiency, production yield, infrared spectroscopic study, in-vitro muco-adhesion, and in-vitro drug release.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results showed that formula 1 is the optimal mucoadhesive microsphere preparation, with a particle size of 56.375<!--> <!-->m, a spherical surface shape, an entrapment efficiency of 99.96%, and a greater mucoadhesive capability during 6-hour evaluation. Furthermore, wash-off examination revealed that the mucoadhesive ability of this delivery system has a long duration and may release the active material at the right time.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The result of the researches suggesting that the formulation of mucoadhesive microspheres of fluconazole could be used to treat cryptococcal meningitis infection in HIV/AIDS patients.</p></div><div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>La méningite à cryptocoque est une maladie mortelle avec peu d’options de traitement. Son incidence est encore élevée et étroitement liée à l’épidémie de VIH/sida. Cette étude visait à développer un système d’administration de microsphère muco-adhésif pour le fluconazole par voie intranasale.</p></div><div><h3>Méthode</h3><p>Des microsphères de variables de formulation de fluconazole mucoadhesives telles que différentes quantités de concentration de médicament et de concentration de polymère ont été préparées par une méthode simple de réticulation d’émulsion. La surface des microsphères préparées a été caractérisée par SEM (microscopie électronique à balayage) et évaluée pour la taille des particules, l’efficacité du piégeage, le rendement de la production, l’étude spectroscopique infrarouge, la muco-adhésion in vitro et la libération de médicaments in vitro.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Les résultats ont montré que la formule (1) est la préparation optimale de la microsphère muco-adhésive, avec une taille de particule de 56,375<!--> <!-->m, une forme de surface sphérique, une efficacité de piégeage de 99,96 % et une plus grande capacité de muco-adhésive pendant 6<!--> <!-->h d’évaluation. De plus, l’examen de lavage a révélé que la capacité muco-adhésive de ce système d’administration a une longue durée et peut libérer le matériau actif au bon moment.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Le résultat des recherches suggère que la formulation de microsphères muco-adhésives du fluconazole pour","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"82 5","pages":"Pages 813-821"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140776646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}