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Making sense of multiple literacies: Exploring pre‐service content area teachers' understandings and applications 理解多重素养:探索职前内容区教师的理解和应用
Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/19388070709558464
Heather K. Sheridan‐Thomas
Abstract Over the past decade, numerous literacy researchers have investigated the multiple literacies of adolescents. Connecting with adolescents' multiple literacies, including digital texts and high interest print‐based texts, holds promise as a way to build bridges to subject area content and academic literacies. Although pre‐service content area teachers are required to take a content area literacy course in most US states, little has been written about whether those courses include a focus on multiple literacies or what pre‐service teachers understand after learning about multiple literacies. In this study, the author analyzes student work from three semesters of a content area literacy course to find out what the students learned about multiple literacies and how they applied the concept of multiple literacies to developing content area lessons.
在过去的十年中,许多扫盲研究人员对青少年的多种读写能力进行了调查。连接青少年的多种素养,包括数字文本和高兴趣的纸质文本,有望成为建立学科领域内容和学术素养之间桥梁的一种方式。尽管在美国大多数州,职前内容领域教师都被要求参加内容领域扫盲课程,但很少有人写过这些课程是否包括对多种素养的关注,或者职前教师在学习多种素养后理解了什么。在本研究中,作者分析了三个学期的内容领域扫盲课程的学生作业,以了解学生对多重素养的了解以及他们如何将多重素养的概念应用于内容领域课程的开发。
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引用次数: 33
A professional development initiative for developing approaches to vocabulary instruction with secondary mathematics, art, science, and english teachers 与中学数学、艺术、科学和英语教师一起开发词汇教学方法的专业发展倡议
Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/19388070709558466
Linda L. Kucan, Woodrow R. Trathen, William J. Straits, Donna Hash, D. Link, L. Miller, Lucas Pasley
Abstract During a yearlong collaborative effort to enhance vocabulary instruction in secondary classrooms, high school teachers and university faculty developed and implemented a variety of approaches to support students in building rich representations of word meanings as well as an understanding of word features such as roots, affixes, and parts of speech. This article describes those approaches and provides specific examples.
在为期一年的加强中学课堂词汇教学的合作中,高中教师和大学教师开发并实施了各种方法,以支持学生建立丰富的词义表示,并理解单词的特征,如词根、词缀和词性。本文描述了这些方法并提供了具体的示例。
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引用次数: 9
Evaluating candidate dispositions in advanced reading certification programs: The road ahead is here 在高级阅读认证项目中评估候选人的性格:前面的路在这里
Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/19388070709558465
Susan K. L’Allier, Laurie Elish-piper, Edyth E. Young
Abstract A great deal has been written in the professional literature about the importance of dispositions for beginning teachers with initial certification; however, little attention has been paid to the dispositions necessary for advanced certification candidates. What dispositions are expected of advanced certification candidates? How can these dispositions be explicitly defined, observed, and evaluated? What can be done to encourage the development of these dispositions as candidates progress through the program? This article describes the journey that one program for advanced reading certification candidates took to address these questions. The process and disposition evaluation rubrics described in this article will be helpful to faculty from other advanced reading certification programs as they strive to define, evaluate, and nurture the dispositions needed by their candidates.
摘要专业文献中大量论述了初任教师性格的重要性;然而,很少有人注意到高级认证候选人所必需的性格。高级认证候选人应该具备什么样的素质?如何明确定义、观察和评估这些倾向?当候选人在项目中取得进展时,可以做些什么来鼓励这些性格的发展?本文描述了一个高级阅读认证考生解决这些问题的程序。本文中描述的过程和性格评估准则将对其他高级阅读认证项目的教师有所帮助,因为他们努力定义、评估和培养候选人所需的性格。
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引用次数: 4
How problems of reading fluency and comprehension are related to difficulties in syntactic awareness skills among fifth graders 五年级学生的阅读流畅性和理解问题与句法意识技能的困难有何关系
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/19388070609558461
Kouider Mokhtari, Brian Thompson
Abstract In this study, we assessed and analyzed 5th grade students’ levels of syntactic awareness in relation to their reading fluency and comprehension. The aim was to examine the role of syntactic awareness (children's awareness of the syntactic structure of sentences and their ability to reflect on and manipulate that structure) as a potential source of reading fluency and comprehension difficulty for these readers. We found that the students’ levels of syntactic awareness were significantly related to their reading fluency (r= .625) and reading comprehension performance (r= .816). These relationships indicate that lower levels of syntactic awareness correspond to poor reading fluency and poor comprehension among these readers. These findings have important implications for research and instruction addressing the relative contributions of broader language skills to the development of reading fluency and comprehension among struggling readers.
摘要在本研究中,我们评估和分析了五年级学生的句法意识水平与阅读流畅性和理解能力的关系。目的是研究句法意识(儿童对句子句法结构的意识以及他们反思和操纵句法结构的能力)作为这些读者阅读流畅性和理解困难的潜在来源的作用。我们发现学生的句法意识水平与他们的阅读流畅性(r= .625)和阅读理解表现(r= .816)显著相关。这些关系表明,较低的句法意识水平对应着较差的阅读流畅性和较差的理解能力。这些发现对研究和教学具有重要意义,这些研究和教学解决了更广泛的语言技能对困难读者阅读流畅性和理解能力发展的相对贡献。
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引用次数: 111
First‐grade latino students' english‐reading growth in all‐english classrooms 一年级拉丁裔学生在全英语课堂上的英语阅读增长
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/19388070609558459
P. Neufeld, Steven J. Amendum, J. Fitzgerald, Karren M. Guthrie
Abstract Two main questions were addressed in this study: (1) How does first‐grade Latino English‐language learners’ growth in English instructional reading level and selected word‐level reading subprocesses (ability to read words in isolation, phonemic awareness, and phonics) compare to their monolingual native‐English‐speaking peers’ growth?; and (2) Does first‐grade Latino English‐language learners’ English reading growth (instructional reading level and selected word‐level reading subprocesses) vary according to their oral English language abilities? Participants were 47 students in two first‐grade classrooms—28 were Latino English‐language learners, and 19 were monolingual native‐English speakers. At each of two points in time—mid‐year and end‐of‐year—three reading measures were administered to all participants and an additional four oral‐English measures were administered to the Latino participants. To address the first research question, repeated measures analyses of variance were performed, first using Instructional Reading Level as the dependent variable, then with follow‐up analyses to examine growth in word‐level sub‐processes of reading. The second research question was addressed using repeated measures analyses of covariance. Main findings were that language status (Latino English learners versus monolingual native‐English speakers) was not related to Instructional Reading growth or growth in word‐level subprocesses of reading, and Overall English Oral Ability was not related to Instructional Reading Level growth, but was related to word‐level reading sub‐processes.
摘要本研究解决了两个主要问题:(1)一年级拉丁裔英语学习者在英语教学阅读水平和选择的单词水平阅读子过程(孤立阅读单词的能力、音素意识和自然拼读)方面的增长与单语母语英语学习者的增长相比如何?(2)拉丁美洲一年级英语学习者的英语阅读增长(教学阅读水平和选择单词水平阅读子过程)是否因其英语口语能力而异?参与者是两个一年级教室的47名学生,其中28名是拉丁裔英语学习者,19名是单语母语者。在两个时间点的每一个时间点上,对所有参与者进行了年中和年底的阅读测试,并对拉丁裔参与者进行了额外的四次英语口语测试。为了解决第一个研究问题,我们进行了重复测量方差分析,首先使用教学阅读水平作为因变量,然后进行后续分析,以检查阅读的单词水平子过程的增长。第二个研究问题是使用协方差的重复测量分析来解决的。主要发现是语言状态(拉丁裔英语学习者与单语英语母语者)与教学阅读水平的增长或阅读的单词水平子过程的增长无关,总体英语口语能力与教学阅读水平的增长无关,但与单词水平阅读子过程有关。
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引用次数: 10
No teacher left behind: Valuing teacher voice in elementary reading teacher education reform 不让一个教师掉队:重视小学阅读教师教育改革中的教师声音
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/19388070609558460
A. Broemmel
Abstract Elementary teachers have long been absent from the debates surrounding teacher education reform. This research aimed to provide an avenue for teachers to share their insights and beliefs about teacher education. A two‐tiered selection produced a sample of over two‐hundred elementary teachers for this study. They were asked to compare their own reading teacher education to that of the student teachers with whom they worked. Most indicated that reading teacher education had changed little since they received their undergraduate degrees, but regardless of their overall evaluation, two items emerged as the basis of that decision: coursework and field experiences.
长期以来,小学教师一直缺席围绕教师教育改革的争论。本研究旨在为教师提供一个分享他们对教师教育的见解和信念的途径。本研究采用两层选择,选取了200多名小学教师作为样本。他们被要求将自己的阅读教师教育与与他们一起工作的学生教师的教育进行比较。大多数人表示,自从他们获得本科学位以来,阅读教师教育几乎没有变化,但不管他们的总体评估如何,有两个项目成为了他们做出决定的基础:课程作业和实地经验。
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引用次数: 8
Matching second graders to text: The utility of a group‐administered comprehension measure 匹配二年级学生的文本:一个小组管理的理解措施的效用
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/19388070609558458
S. Walpole, Latisha Hayes, Valerie J. Robnolt
Abstract This is a study of the utility of Lexile scores for predicting adequate oral reading accuracy and oral reading rate in a tradebook. A Lexile score is a quantitative measure of readability that can be applied to texts and also a metric for describing reading achievement through the use of standardized reading comprehension measures. Participants included 47 second‐grade readers who took a group‐administered reading comprehension test, yielding individual Lexile scores. Trade book titles were randomly selected to correspond to their Lexile scores. After a controlled story introduction, each participant read a single text orally, and researchers calculated oral reading accuracy and rate. Results indicated that 93% of the participants read their Lexile‐identified trade book with oral reading accuracy > 90% but only 57% with reading rate >70 words per minute. Implications for using Lexile scores as part of a school‐level assessment plan are discussed.
摘要:本研究是利用Lexile分数来预测一本贸易书中足够的口语阅读准确性和口语阅读率。Lexile分数是一种可用于文本可读性的定量测量,也是通过使用标准化阅读理解测量来描述阅读成就的度量标准。参与者包括47名二年级阅读者,他们参加了一项小组管理的阅读理解测试,得出了个人的Lexile分数。大众图书的书名是随机选择的,以对应他们的弹性分数。在受控的故事介绍后,每个参与者口头阅读一篇文章,研究人员计算口头阅读的准确性和速度。结果表明,93%的参与者阅读他们的Lexile‐识别的商业书籍时,口语阅读准确率为> - 90%,但只有57%的参与者阅读速度为> /分钟70个单词。使用弹性分数作为学校水平评估计划的一部分的含义进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 9
Understanding the impact of a state‐wide reading consortium on literacy teacher educators 了解全州阅读联盟对识字教师教育者的影响
Pub Date : 2006-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/19388070609558454
Joyce E. Many, Jennifer M. Green, Faith H. Wallace, M. Graham, B. Dixey, S. Miller, Cecilia Myrick, Beth Pendergraft
Abstract Research on the impact of professional development and mentoring in the activities of K‐12 classroom teachers and their positive effects has been widely documented (Borko, Davinroy, Bliem, & Cumbo, 2000; Broaddus & Bloodgood, 1999; Lyons, 1991; Richardson, 1999). However, comparatively little is known about the effect of professional development and mentoring on the lives of teacher educators. This study examines the impact of professional networks that include mentoring activities in higher education. Since the late 1990's, teacher educators from institutions across a southeastern state have participated in a state‐funded reading consortium designed to improve the literacy performance of P‐12 students. In an effort to better understand the impact of this network, this qualitative inquiry explored the development of this consortium and the impact of involvement in this state‐wide reading consortium on literacy teacher educators. Primary data sources focused on indepth interviews with members involved in the reading consortium for two or more years. Secondary data sources included (a) interviews with informants from various state agencies who had worked directly with the consortium, (b) course syllabi, and (c) consortium minutes, accountability documents and publicity documents. Constant comparative analysis of the data and follow up member checks revealed the nature of the collaborative network which emerged within this consortium and the ways in which this collaboration intensified over time and impacted both state initiatives and teacher educators. Specific positive impacts were apparent with respect to teacher education and professional development and with regard to the reshaping of literacy teacher‐educators professional lives as educators and researchers. Finally, the findings underscore the importance of support, through collegial and mentoring relationships as well as through state funding on professional development of the research and teaching lives of literacy teacher educators.
关于专业发展和指导对中小学教师活动的影响及其积极影响的研究已经得到了广泛的记录(Borko, Davinroy, Bliem, & Cumbo, 2000;Broaddus & Bloodgood, 1999;里昂,1991;理查森,1999)。然而,专业发展和指导对教师教育工作者生活的影响却知之甚少。本研究考察了包括师徒活动在内的专业网络对高等教育的影响。自20世纪90年代末以来,美国东南部一个州的教育工作者参加了一个由州政府资助的阅读联盟,旨在提高P - 12学生的读写能力。为了更好地理解这个网络的影响,这次定性调查探讨了这个联盟的发展以及参与这个全州阅读联盟对扫盲教师教育者的影响。主要数据来源集中于对参与阅读联盟的成员进行两年或更长时间的深度访谈。次要数据来源包括(a)对与联盟直接合作的各个州机构的举报人的采访,(b)课程大纲,以及(c)联盟会议纪要,问责文件和宣传文件。持续的数据比较分析和后续的成员检查揭示了在这个联盟中出现的合作网络的性质,以及这种合作随着时间的推移而加强的方式,并影响了州倡议和教师教育工作者。具体的积极影响在教师教育和专业发展方面是明显的,在教师-教育工作者作为教育工作者和研究人员的职业生活的重塑方面也是明显的。最后,研究结果强调了支持的重要性,通过大学和师徒关系,以及通过国家资助扫盲教师教育工作者的研究和教学生活的专业发展。
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引用次数: 4
Literature‐based collaborative internet projects in elementary classrooms 小学课堂中基于文学的协同网络项目
Pub Date : 2006-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/19388070609558452
Rachel Karchmer-Klein, Victoria Layton
Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine teachers’ use of literature‐based collaborative Internet projects (CIP) in their elementary classrooms. These practices require two or more classrooms to read and analyze texts on specified topics and then share responses over the Internet. The participants, all female, represented 15 different U.S. states as well as Canada and Australia. Three types of data were collected and analyzed including electronic surveys, semi‐structured email interviews, and project websites. Results indicated that teachers’ pedagogical beliefs led to the introduction of CIP. Specifically, teachers reported the projects provided opportunities to foster learning by helping students (1) make connections between new content and their background knowledge, (2) actively participate in their own learning, and (3) recognize and appreciate differences among their peers. Teachers also reported CIP supported literacy curriculum standards. Finally, data indicated differences in how CIP were implemented across grade levels. In light of the study's results, four lessons are shared along with educational and research implications.
摘要本研究旨在探讨教师在小学课堂上使用基于文献的协同互联网计划(CIP)的情况。这些实践需要两个或更多的教室阅读和分析特定主题的文本,然后在互联网上分享反馈。参与者均为女性,分别来自美国15个州以及加拿大和澳大利亚。收集和分析了三种类型的数据,包括电子调查、半结构化电子邮件访谈和项目网站。结果表明,教师的教学信念导致了CIP的引入。具体来说,教师们报告说,这些项目通过帮助学生(1)在新内容和背景知识之间建立联系,(2)积极参与自己的学习,(3)认识和欣赏同龄人之间的差异,提供了促进学习的机会。教师们还报告说,CIP支持识字课程标准。最后,数据表明CIP在不同年级的实施方式存在差异。根据这项研究的结果,我们分享了四个教训以及教育和研究意义。
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引用次数: 11
Lesson observation and feedback: The practice of an expert reading coach 课程观察与反馈:阅读教练的实践
Pub Date : 2006-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/19388070609558453
Sharan A. Gibson
Abstract This study investigated the practice of an expert reading coach as she provided lesson observation and feedback to an experienced kindergarten teacher. Data sources for the study included three cycles of observation of coaching sessions and guided reading instruction, as well as interviews. The report describes (a) the coach's modeling of pedagogical reasoning for the teacher and the co‐constructed nature of the coaching session interaction, and (b) specific ways in which the coach expanded her understanding of learning to teach and learning to coach. The study concluded that the technical aspects of lesson observation and feedback require many areas of expertise, developed through time spent coaching, training and reflection, and the coach's maintenance of an expert stance within coaching relationships.
摘要本研究调查了一位专业阅读教练对一位有经验的幼儿园教师进行课堂观察和反馈的实践。该研究的数据来源包括三个周期的观察辅导课程和引导阅读指导,以及访谈。该报告描述了(a)教练对教师的教学推理建模和教练会话互动的共同构建性质,以及(b)教练扩展她对学习教学和学习教练的理解的具体方式。该研究的结论是,课程观察和反馈的技术方面需要许多领域的专业知识,这些专业知识是通过花时间指导、培训和反思以及教练在教练关系中保持专家立场而发展起来的。
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引用次数: 44
期刊
Reading research and instruction : the journal of the College Reading Association
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