Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1038/s43016-024-01055-1
Malnutrition and climate change are intimately linked. Nature Food’s latest Collection illustrates the central role of diets in both of these issues, underscoring the burden of current diets on human and planetary health, as well as how much improvement can be achieved through better dietary choices.
{"title":"Diets, health and the environment","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s43016-024-01055-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43016-024-01055-1","url":null,"abstract":"Malnutrition and climate change are intimately linked. Nature Food’s latest Collection illustrates the central role of diets in both of these issues, underscoring the burden of current diets on human and planetary health, as well as how much improvement can be achieved through better dietary choices.","PeriodicalId":94151,"journal":{"name":"Nature food","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-024-01055-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1038/s43016-024-01039-1
Stefan Frank, Andrey Lessa Derci Augustynczik, Petr Havlík, Esther Boere, Tatiana Ermolieva, Oliver Fricko, Fulvio Di Fulvio, Mykola Gusti, Tamas Krisztin, Pekka Lauri, Amanda Palazzo, Michael Wögerer
Carbon sequestration on agricultural land, albeit long-time neglected, offers substantial mitigation potential. Here we project, using an economic land-use model, that these options offer cumulative mitigation potentials comparable to afforestation by 2050 at 160 USD2022 tCO2 equivalent (tCO2e−1), with most of it located in the Global South. Carbon sequestration on agricultural land could provide producers around the world with additional revenues of up to 375 billion USD2022 at 160 USD2022 tCO2e−1 and allow achievement of net-zero emissions in the agriculture, forestry and other land-use sectors by 2050 already at economic costs of around 80–120 USD2022 tCO2e−1. This would, in turn, decrease economy-wide mitigation costs and increase gross domestic product (+0.6%) by the mid-century in 1.5 °C no-overshoot climate stabilization scenarios compared with mitigation scenarios that do not consider these options. Unlocking these potentials requires the deployment of highly efficient institutions and monitoring systems over the next 5 years across the whole world, including sub-Saharan Africa, where the largest mitigation potential exists. Carbon sequestration on agricultural land holds great promise for combating climate change. This study estimates the mitigation potential of three sequestration practices—soil carbon enhancement, biochar application on cropland and silvo-pastoral systems—while identifying cost-effective mitigation portfolios.
{"title":"Enhanced agricultural carbon sinks provide benefits for farmers and the climate","authors":"Stefan Frank, Andrey Lessa Derci Augustynczik, Petr Havlík, Esther Boere, Tatiana Ermolieva, Oliver Fricko, Fulvio Di Fulvio, Mykola Gusti, Tamas Krisztin, Pekka Lauri, Amanda Palazzo, Michael Wögerer","doi":"10.1038/s43016-024-01039-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43016-024-01039-1","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon sequestration on agricultural land, albeit long-time neglected, offers substantial mitigation potential. Here we project, using an economic land-use model, that these options offer cumulative mitigation potentials comparable to afforestation by 2050 at 160 USD2022 tCO2 equivalent (tCO2e−1), with most of it located in the Global South. Carbon sequestration on agricultural land could provide producers around the world with additional revenues of up to 375 billion USD2022 at 160 USD2022 tCO2e−1 and allow achievement of net-zero emissions in the agriculture, forestry and other land-use sectors by 2050 already at economic costs of around 80–120 USD2022 tCO2e−1. This would, in turn, decrease economy-wide mitigation costs and increase gross domestic product (+0.6%) by the mid-century in 1.5 °C no-overshoot climate stabilization scenarios compared with mitigation scenarios that do not consider these options. Unlocking these potentials requires the deployment of highly efficient institutions and monitoring systems over the next 5 years across the whole world, including sub-Saharan Africa, where the largest mitigation potential exists. Carbon sequestration on agricultural land holds great promise for combating climate change. This study estimates the mitigation potential of three sequestration practices—soil carbon enhancement, biochar application on cropland and silvo-pastoral systems—while identifying cost-effective mitigation portfolios.","PeriodicalId":94151,"journal":{"name":"Nature food","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-024-01039-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1038/s43016-024-01043-5
Chris Vogliano, Gina Kennedy, Shakuntala Thilsted, Mduduzi N. N. Mbuya, Willow Battista, Claudia Sadoff, Gracie White, Jang Kyun Kim, Johannes Pucher, Kagwiria Koome, Gabriella D’Cruz, Kate Geagan, Kevin Chang, U. Rashid Sumaila, Sharon Palmer, Heidi Alleway
{"title":"Regenerative aquatic foods can be a win–win for human and planetary health","authors":"Chris Vogliano, Gina Kennedy, Shakuntala Thilsted, Mduduzi N. N. Mbuya, Willow Battista, Claudia Sadoff, Gracie White, Jang Kyun Kim, Johannes Pucher, Kagwiria Koome, Gabriella D’Cruz, Kate Geagan, Kevin Chang, U. Rashid Sumaila, Sharon Palmer, Heidi Alleway","doi":"10.1038/s43016-024-01043-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43016-024-01043-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94151,"journal":{"name":"Nature food","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142236659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-16DOI: 10.1038/s43016-024-01040-8
Patricia Marcos-Garcia, Cesar Carmona-Moreno, Marco Pastori
Climate variability plays a crucial role in the annual fluctuations of crop yields, posing a substantial threat to food security. Maize, the main cereal in sub-Saharan Africa, has shown varied yield trends during increasingly warmer growing seasons. Here we explore how sub-seasonal dry–wet spell patterns contribute to this variability, considering the spatial heterogeneity of crop responses, to map weather-related risks at a regional level. Our results show that shifts in specific dry–wet spell patterns across growth stages influence maize yield fluctuations in sub-Saharan Africa, explaining up to 50–60% of the interannual variation, which doubles that explained by mean changes in precipitation and temperature (30–35%). Precipitation primarily drives the onset of dry spells, while the influence of temperature increases with event intensity and peaks at the start of the growing season. Our large-scale, data-limited analysis approach has the potential to inform climate-smart agriculture in developing regions. Maize yield variability in sub-Saharan Africa has important implications for food security and livelihoods. By combining the time specificity of weather-related impacts on crops and different agroclimatic zones, this study shows that shifts in sub-seasonal dry–wet spell patterns are a major contributor to this variability.
{"title":"Intra-growing season dry–wet spell pattern is a pivotal driver of maize yield variability in sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Patricia Marcos-Garcia, Cesar Carmona-Moreno, Marco Pastori","doi":"10.1038/s43016-024-01040-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43016-024-01040-8","url":null,"abstract":"Climate variability plays a crucial role in the annual fluctuations of crop yields, posing a substantial threat to food security. Maize, the main cereal in sub-Saharan Africa, has shown varied yield trends during increasingly warmer growing seasons. Here we explore how sub-seasonal dry–wet spell patterns contribute to this variability, considering the spatial heterogeneity of crop responses, to map weather-related risks at a regional level. Our results show that shifts in specific dry–wet spell patterns across growth stages influence maize yield fluctuations in sub-Saharan Africa, explaining up to 50–60% of the interannual variation, which doubles that explained by mean changes in precipitation and temperature (30–35%). Precipitation primarily drives the onset of dry spells, while the influence of temperature increases with event intensity and peaks at the start of the growing season. Our large-scale, data-limited analysis approach has the potential to inform climate-smart agriculture in developing regions. Maize yield variability in sub-Saharan Africa has important implications for food security and livelihoods. By combining the time specificity of weather-related impacts on crops and different agroclimatic zones, this study shows that shifts in sub-seasonal dry–wet spell patterns are a major contributor to this variability.","PeriodicalId":94151,"journal":{"name":"Nature food","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-024-01040-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142234480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-30DOI: 10.1038/s43016-024-01042-6
Brent Loken, Murli Dhar, Nancy Phoebe Rapando
Dietary shifts are among the most important actions we can take to reduce the environmental impact of our food system and improve human health. However, implementing such changes requires that dietary recommendations be tailored to the cultural heritage, values and preferences of populations.
{"title":"Healthy and sustainable diets must be culturally acceptable too","authors":"Brent Loken, Murli Dhar, Nancy Phoebe Rapando","doi":"10.1038/s43016-024-01042-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43016-024-01042-6","url":null,"abstract":"Dietary shifts are among the most important actions we can take to reduce the environmental impact of our food system and improve human health. However, implementing such changes requires that dietary recommendations be tailored to the cultural heritage, values and preferences of populations.","PeriodicalId":94151,"journal":{"name":"Nature food","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142101512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-30DOI: 10.1038/s43016-024-01036-4
Océane Duluins, Philippe V. Baret
The shift towards reduced consumption of animal-based products, referred to as the protein transition, is increasingly viewed as an opportunity to drive sustainable food systems transformations. Here we explore three central paradoxes of the protein transition. The first underscores the focus on substituting animal proteins with alternative sources, rather than reducing overall protein consumption. The second focuses on the search for new protein sources, rather than tackling overconsumption and overproduction. The third involves the continued export of animal proteins from Europe, a practice defended under the guise of food security, efficiency and comparative advantage. These narratives dominate public discourse, justifying existing production and consumption patterns, shaping perceptions and influencing decisions and policies that impact the future direction of our food systems. Given the influence of stakeholders’ narratives in the transition, we advocate for a holistic and systemic perspective that transcends isolated and quick-fix solutions to foster coherent strategies to advance the protein transition. Moving away from animal-based protein consumption requires major changes in how food systems operate. This Perspective explores three paradoxes driving the transition and alternative, interconnected approaches to support protein system sustainability.
{"title":"The paradoxes of the protein transition maintain existing animal production and consumption systems","authors":"Océane Duluins, Philippe V. Baret","doi":"10.1038/s43016-024-01036-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43016-024-01036-4","url":null,"abstract":"The shift towards reduced consumption of animal-based products, referred to as the protein transition, is increasingly viewed as an opportunity to drive sustainable food systems transformations. Here we explore three central paradoxes of the protein transition. The first underscores the focus on substituting animal proteins with alternative sources, rather than reducing overall protein consumption. The second focuses on the search for new protein sources, rather than tackling overconsumption and overproduction. The third involves the continued export of animal proteins from Europe, a practice defended under the guise of food security, efficiency and comparative advantage. These narratives dominate public discourse, justifying existing production and consumption patterns, shaping perceptions and influencing decisions and policies that impact the future direction of our food systems. Given the influence of stakeholders’ narratives in the transition, we advocate for a holistic and systemic perspective that transcends isolated and quick-fix solutions to foster coherent strategies to advance the protein transition. Moving away from animal-based protein consumption requires major changes in how food systems operate. This Perspective explores three paradoxes driving the transition and alternative, interconnected approaches to support protein system sustainability.","PeriodicalId":94151,"journal":{"name":"Nature food","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142101514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-30DOI: 10.1038/s43016-024-01038-2
Bingqi Ye, Qianling Xiong, Jialu Yang, Zhihao Huang, Jingyi Huang, Jialin He, Ludi Liu, Min Xia, Yan Liu
The vast heterogeneity in dietary practices across China has led to profound regional disparities in health and environment. To address this issue, we developed a region-specific reference diet (RRD) that is better aligned with Chinese culinary traditions, affordable, sparing of natural and environmental resources, and contributes to health. The adoption of the RRD has proven to be a viable solution to facilitate a rapid transition towards a healthy and environmentally sustainable diet across the country when compared to dietary guidelines from the World Health Organization, the EAT-Lancet Commission and the Chinese Nutrition Society. The RRD improved health in all regions and resulted in reductions of all five environmental impacts measured. Given China’s huge population and its major impact on global sustainability, the widespread adoption of the RRD would not only yield substantial health benefits domestically, but also contribute significantly to global food security and sustainability efforts. Healthy and sustainable diets that better match the dietary preferences and economic affordability of specific groups are needed to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. To address this gap, this study proposes a region-specific reference diet for China and compares it to global dietary guidelines.
{"title":"Adoption of region-specific diets in China can help achieve gains in health and environmental sustainability","authors":"Bingqi Ye, Qianling Xiong, Jialu Yang, Zhihao Huang, Jingyi Huang, Jialin He, Ludi Liu, Min Xia, Yan Liu","doi":"10.1038/s43016-024-01038-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43016-024-01038-2","url":null,"abstract":"The vast heterogeneity in dietary practices across China has led to profound regional disparities in health and environment. To address this issue, we developed a region-specific reference diet (RRD) that is better aligned with Chinese culinary traditions, affordable, sparing of natural and environmental resources, and contributes to health. The adoption of the RRD has proven to be a viable solution to facilitate a rapid transition towards a healthy and environmentally sustainable diet across the country when compared to dietary guidelines from the World Health Organization, the EAT-Lancet Commission and the Chinese Nutrition Society. The RRD improved health in all regions and resulted in reductions of all five environmental impacts measured. Given China’s huge population and its major impact on global sustainability, the widespread adoption of the RRD would not only yield substantial health benefits domestically, but also contribute significantly to global food security and sustainability efforts. Healthy and sustainable diets that better match the dietary preferences and economic affordability of specific groups are needed to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. To address this gap, this study proposes a region-specific reference diet for China and compares it to global dietary guidelines.","PeriodicalId":94151,"journal":{"name":"Nature food","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142101515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-30DOI: 10.1038/s43016-024-01031-9
Rylie E. O. Pelton, Clare E. Kazanski, Shamitha Keerthi, Kelly A. Racette, Sasha Gennet, Nathaniel Springer, Eugene Yacobson, Michael Wironen, Deepak Ray, Kris Johnson, Jennifer Schmitt
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from beef production in the United States are unevenly distributed across the supply chain and production regions, complicating where and how to reduce emissions most effectively. Using spatially explicit life cycle assessment methods, we quantify the baseline GHG emissions and mitigation opportunities of 42 practices spanning the supply chain from crop and livestock production to processing. We find that the potential to reduce GHGs across the beef sector ranges up to 30% (20 million tonnes CO2e reduced and 58 million tonnes CO2 sequestered each year relative to the baseline) under ubiquitous adoption assumptions, largely driven by opportunities in the grazing stage. Opportunities to reduce GHGs in the feed, grazing and feedlot stages vary across regions, yet large-scale adoption across the entire beef supply chain is important. These findings reveal promising locations and practices to invest in to advance mitigation goals and an upper-end theoretical potential for mitigation in the beef industry. The United States is the world’s largest beef producer. Identifying strategies to mitigate its GHG emissions remains a challenge due to sector complexity and heterogeneity. This study takes an LCA approach to quantify potential mitigation opportunities available or soon to be available for the beef sector.
{"title":"Greenhouse gas emissions in US beef production can be reduced by up to 30% with the adoption of selected mitigation measures","authors":"Rylie E. O. Pelton, Clare E. Kazanski, Shamitha Keerthi, Kelly A. Racette, Sasha Gennet, Nathaniel Springer, Eugene Yacobson, Michael Wironen, Deepak Ray, Kris Johnson, Jennifer Schmitt","doi":"10.1038/s43016-024-01031-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43016-024-01031-9","url":null,"abstract":"Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from beef production in the United States are unevenly distributed across the supply chain and production regions, complicating where and how to reduce emissions most effectively. Using spatially explicit life cycle assessment methods, we quantify the baseline GHG emissions and mitigation opportunities of 42 practices spanning the supply chain from crop and livestock production to processing. We find that the potential to reduce GHGs across the beef sector ranges up to 30% (20 million tonnes CO2e reduced and 58 million tonnes CO2 sequestered each year relative to the baseline) under ubiquitous adoption assumptions, largely driven by opportunities in the grazing stage. Opportunities to reduce GHGs in the feed, grazing and feedlot stages vary across regions, yet large-scale adoption across the entire beef supply chain is important. These findings reveal promising locations and practices to invest in to advance mitigation goals and an upper-end theoretical potential for mitigation in the beef industry. The United States is the world’s largest beef producer. Identifying strategies to mitigate its GHG emissions remains a challenge due to sector complexity and heterogeneity. This study takes an LCA approach to quantify potential mitigation opportunities available or soon to be available for the beef sector.","PeriodicalId":94151,"journal":{"name":"Nature food","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":23.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-024-01031-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142101545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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