Field Crops Research最新文献

英文中文

Long-term evidence that controlled-release urea enhances yield and soil fertility while mitigating environmental impacts in double-season rice 长期证据表明，控释尿素可提高双季稻产量和土壤肥力，同时减轻环境影响

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Field Crops Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110321

Yifan Fu , Wei Yang , Meng Zhang , Xiangning Wu , Guodong Yang , Hongshun Xiang , Chanchan Du , Jinjuan Zhu , Chen Yang , Yunfan Wan , Shaobing Peng , Yu’e Li , Bin Wang , Shen Yuan

Context

Nitrogen (N) is essential for rice production but often exhibits low use efficiency and substantial environmental losses, especially in intensive double-season rice system. Resin-coated controlled-release urea (CRU) has the potential to better synchronize N release and crop demand; however, its long-term impacts on soil health, agronomic performance, and environmental outcomes remain insufficiently understood.

Objective

This study assessed the long-term effects of CRU compared to conventional urea (CK) on rice yield, soil properties, nutrient use efficiency, and environmental sustainability in double-season rice.

Methods

A 13-year field experiment (2012–2024) was conducted in central China with CRU and CK in both early and late-season rice. Measurements included soil physicochemical properties, yield and yield components. and nutrient uptake. Metrics such as partial factor productivity of fertilizer; physiological efficiency; nutrient harvest index, N balance; and carbon and N sequestrations were also calculated.

Results and discussion

Both treatments improved soil fertility over time, but CRU led to substantially greater gains – increasing soil organic carbon (+54.9 %), total N (+53.8 %), and total phosphorus (+27.0 %) relative to initial soil status. Compared to CK, CRU increased carbon and N sequestration by 17.6 % and 13.1 %, respectively; increased rice yields by 13.1 % in the early-season rice and 15.5 % in the late-season rice, driven by improvements in both source and sink capacity; increased total N, P, and K uptake by 21.0–22.9 %; and improved partial factor productivity of fertilizer by 13.2–15.5 %. Moreover, CRU reduced N surplus by 24.8–38.9 % and achieved a tighter alignment between N balance and yield, indicating simultaneous gains in crop productivity and environmental performance over CK.

Significance

This long-term study demonstrates that under the specific soil and climatic conditions tested, CRU-based N management enhances soil health, rice yield, and nutrient use efficiency, while reducing N losses and associated environmental risks. The findings provide robust evidence supporting CRU as a key technology for the sustainable intensification of rice production in intensive double-season rice system.

氮素对水稻生产至关重要，但氮素利用效率低，环境损失大，特别是在集约化双季稻体系中。树脂包膜控释尿素（CRU）具有更好地同步氮素释放和作物需求的潜力；然而，其对土壤健康、农艺性能和环境结果的长期影响仍未得到充分了解。目的研究与常规尿素（CK）相比，CRU对双季稻产量、土壤性质、养分利用效率和环境可持续性的长期影响。方法2012-2024年在华中地区进行了为期13年的早稻和晚稻CRU和CK田间试验。测量包括土壤理化性质、产量和产量组成。还有营养吸收。肥料部分要素生产率等指标；生理效率;养分收获指数，氮平衡；碳和氮的固存也被计算了出来。结果和讨论：随着时间的推移，两种处理都提高了土壤肥力，但CRU带来了更大的收益——相对于初始土壤状态，土壤有机碳（+54.9 %）、全氮（+53.8 %）和全磷（+27.0 %）增加。与对照相比，CRU分别增加了17.6 %和13. %的碳和氮固存；在源库能力提高的推动下，早稻产量提高13. %，晚稻产量提高15.5% %；总氮、磷、钾吸收量提高21.0 ~ 22.9% %；提高肥料部分要素生产率13.2 ~ 15.5 %。此外，CRU减少了24.8-38.9 %的氮素过剩，使氮素平衡与产量之间的关系更加紧密，表明与CK相比，作物生产力和环境绩效同时提高。这项长期研究表明，在特定的土壤和气候条件下，基于cru的氮素管理提高了土壤健康、水稻产量和养分利用效率，同时减少了氮素损失和相关的环境风险。研究结果为支持CRU技术作为集约化双季稻系统中水稻生产可持续集约化的关键技术提供了强有力的证据。

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Soil temperature and aeration modification using black plastic mulch to improve potato yield and water use efficiency 采用黑地膜对土壤温度和通气进行改良，提高马铃薯产量和水分利用效率

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Field Crops Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110317

Kaijing Yang , Fengxin Wang , Jianyu Zhao , Clinton C. Shock , Youliang Zhang , Shaoyuan Feng , Xiaoyan Hou , Jiangjiang Han , Xiuxia Wu

Potato is a globally important crop and its high production requires suitable soil conditions, including temperate soil temperature and good aeration. To explore the effects of irrigation methods and mulching on soil temperature, soil aeration, tuber yield, and water use efficiency (WUE), four years of field experiments were conducted in an arid region of Northwest China in 2007, 2008, 2014 and 2015. Treatments consisted of one furrow irrigation treatment with transparent plastic mulching (FT) and three drip irrigation treatments with transparent film mulching (DT), black plastic film mulching (DB) and non-mulch (DN), respectively. The results showed that furrow-irrigated soil had higher temperature and poorer aeration than the corresponding drip-irrigated soil. The use of plastic mulch increased soil CO₂ concentration and decreased the soil oxygen diffusion rate (ODR) versus non-use of mulch. Transparent plastic mulch increased daily mean soil temperature throughout the growing season, while black plastic mulch increased soil temperature in the early and late growing season but reduced it during the tuber initiation and bulking stages. Specifically, daily mean soil temperature and CO₂ concentration were respectively about 1 °C and 40.4 % lower for DB than those for DT throughout the growing season. Furthermore, during the tuber initiation and bulking stages daily mean soil temperature in the 0–20 cm layer of DB was 0.2–3.7 °C lower than that of DN, but the CO₂ concentration did not differ, creating more favorable conditions for tuber growth. Potato yield under drip irrigation were 17 %–40 % and 21 %–40 % higher than under furrow irrigation in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Mean yield for mulched potato increased by 21 %–53 % compared to non-mulched potato and the corresponding WUEs improved by 12 %–59 %. Both yield and WUE were the highest in treatment DB among all treatments in 2007 and 2015. Consequently, drip irrigation with black plastic mulch was found to be an efficient agronomic approach to improve potato productivity and WUE by increasing soil temperature during early vegetative growth but decreasing soil temperature during tuber initiation and bulking with appropriate soil aeration.

马铃薯是全球重要作物，其高产需要适宜的土壤条件，包括温和的土壤温度和良好的通风。为探讨不同灌溉方式和覆盖方式对土壤温度、土壤通气性、块茎产量和水分利用效率（WUE）的影响，于2007年、2008年、2014年和2015年在西北干旱区进行了4年大田试验。处理包括1个透明地膜沟灌处理（FT）和3个透明地膜、黑地膜和无地膜滴灌处理（DN）。结果表明，沟灌土壤比滴灌土壤温度更高，通气性更差；与未覆盖相比，覆盖提高了土壤CO2浓度，降低了土壤氧扩散速率（ODR）。透明地膜覆盖提高了整个生长季的日平均土壤温度，黑色地膜覆盖提高了生长季前和后期的土壤温度，但在块茎萌发和膨大阶段降低了土壤温度。具体而言，在整个生长季节，DB的日平均土壤温度和CO2浓度分别比DT低约1 °C和40.4 %。在块茎萌发和膨大阶段，0 ~ 20 cm层土壤日平均温度比DN低0.2 ~ 3.7 °C，但CO2浓度差异不大，为块茎生长创造了更有利的条件。2007年和2008年滴灌马铃薯产量分别比沟灌增产17 % ~ 40 %和21 % ~ 40 %。覆盖马铃薯比不覆盖马铃薯平均产量提高21 % ~ 53 %，水分利用效率提高12 % ~ 59 %。2007年和2015年，DB处理的产量和水分利用效率均最高。因此，通过提高营养生长早期的土壤温度，并在适当的土壤通气条件下降低块茎形成和膨大阶段的土壤温度，黑色塑料覆盖滴灌是提高马铃薯生产力和水分利用效率的有效农艺方法。

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IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Field Crops Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

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IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Field Crops Research

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IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Field Crops Research

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Field Crops Research

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Field Crops Research

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IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Field Crops Research

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IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Field Crops Research

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IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Field Crops Research

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