Pub Date : 2021-11-04DOI: 10.22079/JMSR.2021.540493.1504
Mariagiulia Longo, Bibiana Comesaña-Gándara, Marcello Monteleone, E. Esposito, A. Fuoco, L. Giorno, N. McKeown, J. C. Jansen
In the search for more efficient gas separation membranes, blends offer a compromise between costly high-performance polymers and low-cost commercial polymers. Here, blends of the polymer of intrinsic microporosity, AO-PIM-1, and commercial Matrimid®5218 polyimide are used to prepare dense films by solution casting. The morphology of the pure polymers and their blends with 20, 40, 60 and 80 wt.% of AO-PIM-1 in Matrimid® are studied by scanning electron microscopy, and their pure gas permeability is studied as a function of the blend composition with H2, He, O2, N2, CH4 and CO2. The polymers were found only partially miscible and a two-phase structure was formed with large domains of each polymer. When necessary, the films were coated with a thin silicone layer to heal possible pinhole defects. Even small amounts of Matrimid® in AO-PIM-1 resulted in an unexpectedly strong decrease in the permeability of the PIM, whereas a small amount of the PIM led to a modest increase in permeability of Matrimid®. Due to the two-phase structure, the Maxwell model was more suitable to describe the gas permeability as a function of the blend composition than the model for miscible blends. At low Matrimid® concentrations in AO-PIM-1, all models fail to describe the experimental data due to an unexpectedly strong depression of the permeability of the PIM by Matrimid®. Time lag measurements reveal that the changes in permeability as a function of the blend composition are mostly due to changes in the diffusion coefficient.
{"title":"Matrimid®5218/AO-PIM-1 Blend Membranes for Gas Separation","authors":"Mariagiulia Longo, Bibiana Comesaña-Gándara, Marcello Monteleone, E. Esposito, A. Fuoco, L. Giorno, N. McKeown, J. C. Jansen","doi":"10.22079/JMSR.2021.540493.1504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22079/JMSR.2021.540493.1504","url":null,"abstract":"In the search for more efficient gas separation membranes, blends offer a compromise between costly high-performance polymers and low-cost commercial polymers. Here, blends of the polymer of intrinsic microporosity, AO-PIM-1, and commercial Matrimid®5218 polyimide are used to prepare dense films by solution casting. The morphology of the pure polymers and their blends with 20, 40, 60 and 80 wt.% of AO-PIM-1 in Matrimid® are studied by scanning electron microscopy, and their pure gas permeability is studied as a function of the blend composition with H2, He, O2, N2, CH4 and CO2. The polymers were found only partially miscible and a two-phase structure was formed with large domains of each polymer. When necessary, the films were coated with a thin silicone layer to heal possible pinhole defects. Even small amounts of Matrimid® in AO-PIM-1 resulted in an unexpectedly strong decrease in the permeability of the PIM, whereas a small amount of the PIM led to a modest increase in permeability of Matrimid®. Due to the two-phase structure, the Maxwell model was more suitable to describe the gas permeability as a function of the blend composition than the model for miscible blends. At low Matrimid® concentrations in AO-PIM-1, all models fail to describe the experimental data due to an unexpectedly strong depression of the permeability of the PIM by Matrimid®. Time lag measurements reveal that the changes in permeability as a function of the blend composition are mostly due to changes in the diffusion coefficient.","PeriodicalId":16427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41687813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-30DOI: 10.22079/JMSR.2021.535579.1485
R. Abedini, Fatemeh Ranjbar, M. Ghorbani, Mitra Ghasemi
Global warming is a public alarming issue caused by extreme CO2 emissions. Thus, CO2 removing using TFN membranes is an effective method to improve the CO2 separation performance. Thin film nocomposite membranes composed of Pebax 1657 embedded by porous organic polymers over the porous polysulfone support used to separate CO2 from CH4 and N2 gases. Porous organic polymers were synthesized via Friedel-Crafts one-step reaction. The obtained results from field emission scanning electron microscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis revealed that the TFN membranes declared a superior compatibility between Pebax and fillers. Permeation properties of membranes were tested over various feed pressure with the range of 2–10 bar. Pure gases permeability, CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 selectivities improved via adding porous organic polymers into the Pebax. At porous organic polymers loading of 5wt% and feed pressure of 2 bar, the CO2, CH4 and N2 permeability raised to 310.6, 27.6 and 4.5 Barrer, respectively; which exhibited a significant improvement compared to thin film composite membrane. Moreover, the CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 selectivities also increased to 11.25 and 70.04; respectively. Obtained results reveladed that the membranes performance was enhanced as the feed gas pressure increased. TFN containing 5wt% porous organic polymers implies a CO2 permeability of 348.4 Barrer at feed pressure of 10 bar.
{"title":"Thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membrane comprising Pebax®1657 and porous organic polymers (POP) for favored CO2 separation","authors":"R. Abedini, Fatemeh Ranjbar, M. Ghorbani, Mitra Ghasemi","doi":"10.22079/JMSR.2021.535579.1485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22079/JMSR.2021.535579.1485","url":null,"abstract":"Global warming is a public alarming issue caused by extreme CO2 emissions. Thus, CO2 removing using TFN membranes is an effective method to improve the CO2 separation performance. Thin film nocomposite membranes composed of Pebax 1657 embedded by porous organic polymers over the porous polysulfone support used to separate CO2 from CH4 and N2 gases. Porous organic polymers were synthesized via Friedel-Crafts one-step reaction. The obtained results from field emission scanning electron microscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis revealed that the TFN membranes declared a superior compatibility between Pebax and fillers. Permeation properties of membranes were tested over various feed pressure with the range of 2–10 bar. Pure gases permeability, CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 selectivities improved via adding porous organic polymers into the Pebax. At porous organic polymers loading of 5wt% and feed pressure of 2 bar, the CO2, CH4 and N2 permeability raised to 310.6, 27.6 and 4.5 Barrer, respectively; which exhibited a significant improvement compared to thin film composite membrane. Moreover, the CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 selectivities also increased to 11.25 and 70.04; respectively. Obtained results reveladed that the membranes performance was enhanced as the feed gas pressure increased. TFN containing 5wt% porous organic polymers implies a CO2 permeability of 348.4 Barrer at feed pressure of 10 bar.","PeriodicalId":16427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41402144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-23DOI: 10.22079/JMSR.2021.535315.1484
A. Hernández-Pellón, L. Gallart, R. Ibáñez, I. Ortiz, M. San-Román
The linear economic model based on “take-make-dispose” has become unsustainable, revealing the necessity of shifting towards a circular economy approach, in which secondary raw materials play a key role in closing material cycles. In this context, industrial effluents with metallic content, are considered a potential secondary source for these elements, the lack of the availability of the appropriate technology being the main barrier when implementing circular economy principles at industrial scale. In this regard, supported liquid membrane systems based on facilitated transport may be decisive. Thus, the objective of this research paper is to show the potential of facilitated transport systems to foster the transition to a more sustainable management of industrial metallic effluents. To accomplish that, three different applications of supported liquid membrane systems in acidic industrial effluents will be presented: a) Zn/Fe separation, b) Ni/Cd separations and c) Removal of hexavalent Cr. Additionally, the recovery and separation of two different critical raw materials, i.e. Li and rare earth elements will be discussed. Although facilitated transport systems have been successfully applied to both, Zn/Fe and Ni/Cd separation, as well as to hexavalent Cr removal, further work should be done for the successful recovery and separation of Li and rare earths with supported liquid membrane systems, especially in terms of selectivity improvement and validation with real industrial effluents.
{"title":"New challenges and applications of supported liquid membrane systems based on facilitated transport in liquid phase separations of metallic species","authors":"A. Hernández-Pellón, L. Gallart, R. Ibáñez, I. Ortiz, M. San-Román","doi":"10.22079/JMSR.2021.535315.1484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22079/JMSR.2021.535315.1484","url":null,"abstract":"The linear economic model based on “take-make-dispose” has become unsustainable, revealing the necessity of shifting towards a circular economy approach, in which secondary raw materials play a key role in closing material cycles. In this context, industrial effluents with metallic content, are considered a potential secondary source for these elements, the lack of the availability of the appropriate technology being the main barrier when implementing circular economy principles at industrial scale. In this regard, supported liquid membrane systems based on facilitated transport may be decisive. Thus, the objective of this research paper is to show the potential of facilitated transport systems to foster the transition to a more sustainable management of industrial metallic effluents. To accomplish that, three different applications of supported liquid membrane systems in acidic industrial effluents will be presented: a) Zn/Fe separation, b) Ni/Cd separations and c) Removal of hexavalent Cr. Additionally, the recovery and separation of two different critical raw materials, i.e. Li and rare earth elements will be discussed. Although facilitated transport systems have been successfully applied to both, Zn/Fe and Ni/Cd separation, as well as to hexavalent Cr removal, further work should be done for the successful recovery and separation of Li and rare earths with supported liquid membrane systems, especially in terms of selectivity improvement and validation with real industrial effluents.","PeriodicalId":16427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45974173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-17DOI: 10.22079/JMSR.2021.534548.1480
M. Asif, Waqas Alam, Wajeeha Bibi, Jawad Rabbi
MSVMD (multi-stage vacuum membrane distillation) has recently gained attention as means of enhancing the performance of single stage configuration. The present study is aimed to analyze the impact of multi-staging in VMD (vacuum membrane distillation) on productivity and the associated temperature polarization. Another goal is to determine the point of inversion, a point after which further multi-staging is no more beneficial both in terms of permeate productivity (flux) and associated temperature polarization. After validation with the experimental data, a parametric analysis of MSVMD performance is carried out numerically. Further, the permeate productivity and associated temperature polarization phenomenon were analyzed simultaneously under varying membrane specifications. The optimum number of stages, giving the maximum possible performance of MSVMD, is estimated for variation in most prominent process variables and membrane specifications. The point of inversion was found to be above 40 stages for varying process variables, however, it remained well below 20 stages for variation in some of the prominent membrane characteristics.
{"title":"Effect of multi-staging in vacuum membrane distillation on productivity and temperature polarization","authors":"M. Asif, Waqas Alam, Wajeeha Bibi, Jawad Rabbi","doi":"10.22079/JMSR.2021.534548.1480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22079/JMSR.2021.534548.1480","url":null,"abstract":"MSVMD (multi-stage vacuum membrane distillation) has recently gained attention as means of enhancing the performance of single stage configuration. The present study is aimed to analyze the impact of multi-staging in VMD (vacuum membrane distillation) on productivity and the associated temperature polarization. Another goal is to determine the point of inversion, a point after which further multi-staging is no more beneficial both in terms of permeate productivity (flux) and associated temperature polarization. After validation with the experimental data, a parametric analysis of MSVMD performance is carried out numerically. Further, the permeate productivity and associated temperature polarization phenomenon were analyzed simultaneously under varying membrane specifications. The optimum number of stages, giving the maximum possible performance of MSVMD, is estimated for variation in most prominent process variables and membrane specifications. The point of inversion was found to be above 40 stages for varying process variables, however, it remained well below 20 stages for variation in some of the prominent membrane characteristics.","PeriodicalId":16427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44443047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-29DOI: 10.22079/JMSR.2021.533699.1478
Tomoyuki Suzuki, Azumi Saito
Hyperbranched polybenzoxazole (HBPBO) – silica hybrids were treated at different thermal protocols and their gas permselectivity were studied. Inter-chain distance and free volume of pristine HBPBO were enlarged with increasing treated temperature. Gas permeability and diffusivity of the HBPBO were considerably increased with increasing treated temperature, which was resulted from increased fractional free volume due to enlarged inter-chain distance. Gas permeability of the HBPBO was further increased by the hybridization with silica, mainly owing to the increased gas diffusivity. This fact indicated additional free volume holes were formed at the HBPBO matrix – silica interfaces. It was worth noting the HBPBO – silica hybrids had a prominent CO2/CH4 permselectivity which exceeded the upper bound, and the CO2/CH4 permselectivity was enhanced with increasing treated temperature. The notable CO2/CH4 permselectivity of the HBPBO – silica hybrids would be achieved by the synergistic effect of characteristic hyperbranched molecular structure, thermal treatment, and hybridization with silica.
{"title":"Gas permselectivity of hyperbranched polybenzoxazole – silica hybrid membranes treated at different thermal protocols","authors":"Tomoyuki Suzuki, Azumi Saito","doi":"10.22079/JMSR.2021.533699.1478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22079/JMSR.2021.533699.1478","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperbranched polybenzoxazole (HBPBO) – silica hybrids were treated at different thermal protocols and their gas permselectivity were studied. Inter-chain distance and free volume of pristine HBPBO were enlarged with increasing treated temperature. Gas permeability and diffusivity of the HBPBO were considerably increased with increasing treated temperature, which was resulted from increased fractional free volume due to enlarged inter-chain distance. Gas permeability of the HBPBO was further increased by the hybridization with silica, mainly owing to the increased gas diffusivity. This fact indicated additional free volume holes were formed at the HBPBO matrix – silica interfaces. It was worth noting the HBPBO – silica hybrids had a prominent CO2/CH4 permselectivity which exceeded the upper bound, and the CO2/CH4 permselectivity was enhanced with increasing treated temperature. The notable CO2/CH4 permselectivity of the HBPBO – silica hybrids would be achieved by the synergistic effect of characteristic hyperbranched molecular structure, thermal treatment, and hybridization with silica.","PeriodicalId":16427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41832626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-14DOI: 10.22079/JMSR.2021.531653.1470
O. Arous, S. Bensaadi, Nesrine Drai, Yassine Berbar, Z. Hammache, M. Amara, B. Bruggen
In this paper, polymeric inclusion membranes (PIMs) containing cellulose triacetate (CTA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) as polymer matrix and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as a specific carrier were prepared by solution casting followed by solvent evaporation. Different polymeric membranes were modified by the addition of polyelectrolytes: polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyanetholsulfonic acid (PATSA) and polyethylene imine (PEI). 2-Nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE) was added in the different membranes as plasticizer. All synthesized membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Transfer of chromium through selective membranes is accomplished by using a specific compound, called carrier. A study of the fixation and transport of Cr (VI) across a polymer inclusion membrane PIMs has shown a good removal from the treated solution. The Cr (VI) removal efficiency reached 42% after 8 hours of transport using the membrane containing (CTA + PCL + PATSA + D2EHPA) and 43% for only 2 hours using the membrane containing (CTA + PCL + PATSA+ NPOE).
{"title":"A STUDY OF CHROMIUM (VI) IONS FIXATION AND TRANSPORT USING POLYMER INCLUSION MEMBRANE CONTAINING D2EHPA AS COMPLEXING AGENT","authors":"O. Arous, S. Bensaadi, Nesrine Drai, Yassine Berbar, Z. Hammache, M. Amara, B. Bruggen","doi":"10.22079/JMSR.2021.531653.1470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22079/JMSR.2021.531653.1470","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, polymeric inclusion membranes (PIMs) containing cellulose triacetate (CTA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) as polymer matrix and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as a specific carrier were prepared by solution casting followed by solvent evaporation. Different polymeric membranes were modified by the addition of polyelectrolytes: polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyanetholsulfonic acid (PATSA) and polyethylene imine (PEI). 2-Nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE) was added in the different membranes as plasticizer. All synthesized membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Transfer of chromium through selective membranes is accomplished by using a specific compound, called carrier. A study of the fixation and transport of Cr (VI) across a polymer inclusion membrane PIMs has shown a good removal from the treated solution. The Cr (VI) removal efficiency reached 42% after 8 hours of transport using the membrane containing (CTA + PCL + PATSA + D2EHPA) and 43% for only 2 hours using the membrane containing (CTA + PCL + PATSA+ NPOE).","PeriodicalId":16427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46057099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-03DOI: 10.22079/JMSR.2021.530129.1466
A. Kowalik-Klimczak
In the paper, the use of three types of polymer nanofiltration (NF) membranes, i.e. the TS80, DL and NP010, to recover water from the dairy industry wastewater is described. The most desired results were obtained for the TS80 membrane with the skin layer made of polyamide. This membrane significantly contributed to the recovery of water to be reused for external cleaning of tank parts, road tankers, and floors. All tested NF membranes were characterised by a relatively low fouling index. This is due to the preliminary treatment of wastewater as part of an integrated system of bag filtration and microfiltration. However, the decrease in the permeate flux for all tested polymer membranes was observed during the NF process, which was mainly caused by an increase in the concentration factor of the dairy industry wastewater components. The presented results are part of the prospective trends in the development of the bioeconomy, especially in a closed circuit.
{"title":"Influence of NF membrane properties on water recovery from the dairy industry wastewater","authors":"A. Kowalik-Klimczak","doi":"10.22079/JMSR.2021.530129.1466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22079/JMSR.2021.530129.1466","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper, the use of three types of polymer nanofiltration (NF) membranes, i.e. the TS80, DL and NP010, to recover water from the dairy industry wastewater is described. The most desired results were obtained for the TS80 membrane with the skin layer made of polyamide. This membrane significantly contributed to the recovery of water to be reused for external cleaning of tank parts, road tankers, and floors. All tested NF membranes were characterised by a relatively low fouling index. This is due to the preliminary treatment of wastewater as part of an integrated system of bag filtration and microfiltration. However, the decrease in the permeate flux for all tested polymer membranes was observed during the NF process, which was mainly caused by an increase in the concentration factor of the dairy industry wastewater components. The presented results are part of the prospective trends in the development of the bioeconomy, especially in a closed circuit.","PeriodicalId":16427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44670493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-31DOI: 10.22079/JMSR.2021.526001.1454
P. Daraei, Amin Shokri, E. Rostami
The toxicity and carcinogenic effect of many drugs including antibiotics have brought up an environmental worry in the recent years. The current study examined a green emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) as an environmentally-friendly method for extracting Vancomycin antibiotic from its aqueous solutions. The main value of the idea is to reduce environmental risks of employing common unsafe organic solvents applied as diluent in the ELM process. For this purpose, the raw sunflower oil was employed to prepare ELM. An organic phase including the sunflower oil (diluents), Span 80 (emulsifier) and bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) carrier was mixed with internal aqueous phase (stripping phase) containing NaOH. The results confirmed that almost 100% of Vancomycin was successfully extracted at the optimum conditions affecting parameters for preparing the membrane. The extraction percentage and emulsion stability was acceptable for the feeds with wide range of pH from 5-9 and NaCl concentration from 0-5 g/L. Also, a recovery percent of around 70% was achieved for the captured Vancomycin when the emulsion was broken.
{"title":"Extraction of vancomycin antibiotic from water using green emulsion liquid membrane based on sunflower oil","authors":"P. Daraei, Amin Shokri, E. Rostami","doi":"10.22079/JMSR.2021.526001.1454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22079/JMSR.2021.526001.1454","url":null,"abstract":"The toxicity and carcinogenic effect of many drugs including antibiotics have brought up an environmental worry in the recent years. The current study examined a green emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) as an environmentally-friendly method for extracting Vancomycin antibiotic from its aqueous solutions. The main value of the idea is to reduce environmental risks of employing common unsafe organic solvents applied as diluent in the ELM process. For this purpose, the raw sunflower oil was employed to prepare ELM. An organic phase including the sunflower oil (diluents), Span 80 (emulsifier) and bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) carrier was mixed with internal aqueous phase (stripping phase) containing NaOH. The results confirmed that almost 100% of Vancomycin was successfully extracted at the optimum conditions affecting parameters for preparing the membrane. The extraction percentage and emulsion stability was acceptable for the feeds with wide range of pH from 5-9 and NaCl concentration from 0-5 g/L. Also, a recovery percent of around 70% was achieved for the captured Vancomycin when the emulsion was broken.","PeriodicalId":16427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43699242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-07DOI: 10.22079/JMSR.2021.526587.1460
U. Saeed, Asad U Khan, A. Khan, M. Gilani, M. Bilad
This article focuses on the study of potassium carbonate (PC) based deep eutectic solvents based supported liquid membranes (DES-SLMs) for CO2 capture. A new class of green solvent was impregnated into microporous polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane for the separation of CO2. Two types of DESs were synthesized by mixing and heating PC with glycerol or ethylene glycol separately. The novelty of this study lies in the exploitation of PC-DESs in the PVDF membrane. The mechanism of interaction was inferred from the spectral analysis (FTIR) whereas thermal analysis (TGA) was performed to analyze the stability of the prepared membrane. Experiments were performed to analyze the permeability and selectivity of the membranes. The results showed that PC-Glycerol based SLM exhibited permeability of 34.55 Barrer and ideal selectivity of 59.57 while PC-Ethylene Glycol based SLM exhibited permeability of 20.23 Barrer and ideal selectivity of 34.29 under similar operating conditions. Systematic analysis was made for some of the important operating parameters affecting the separation performance such as temperature and feed composition. Comparison was made between the performance of PC-DES-SLMs and conventional imidazolium based SILMs on the well-known Robeson’s upper bound plot. The current efforts of exploitation of PC-DES membrane will lead to new prospective for the efficient removal of CO2 from the industrial gas mixture.
本文重点研究了用于CO2捕获的基于碳酸钾（PC）的深共晶溶剂的支撑液膜（DES SLM）。将一种新型的绿色溶剂浸渍到微孔聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）膜中，用于CO2的分离。通过将PC与甘油或乙二醇分别混合和加热，合成了两种类型的DESs。本研究的新颖之处在于在PVDF膜中开发PC DESs。从光谱分析（FTIR）推断出相互作用的机理，而进行热分析（TGA）来分析所制备的膜的稳定性。进行实验以分析膜的渗透性和选择性。结果表明，在类似的操作条件下，基于PC甘油的SLM表现出34.55 Barrer的渗透率和59.57的理想选择性，而基于PC乙二醇的SLM则表现出20.23 Barrer的磁导率和34.29的理想选择性。系统分析了影响分离性能的一些重要操作参数，如温度和进料组成。在著名的Robeson上界图上对PC DES SLM和传统的咪唑基SILM的性能进行了比较。目前开发PC-DES膜的努力将为有效去除工业气体混合物中的CO2带来新的前景。
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Pub Date : 2021-04-15DOI: 10.22079/JMSR.2021.523382.1443
W. Lau, Sy Fong, Nelson Hock Tai Tan, Nikki Chin, Kah Hee Chew
The wastewater discharged from the poultry slaughterhouse always contains high levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and thus, it requires proper treatment to minimize its negative impacts on the receiving water bodies. In this work, we presented a local case study of the full-scale implementation of membrane bioreactor (MBR) process with capacity of 144 m3/day to treat the poultry slaughterhouse wastewater. Over the 6-month monitoring period, our results showed that the permeate flow rate of the MBR process was relatively stable and only suffered from approximately 16% flux decline for the entire period with 8-h operation daily. Such flux deterioration is acceptable given the membrane was not subjected to any cleaning process. With respect to the separation efficiencies, the MBR process showed a very promising performance by meeting almost all of the parameters’ limit of the National Water Quality Standards (Class IIB Limit), except for the dissolved oxygen (DO) that displayed slightly higher value than the maximum limit. A chemical cleaning process using sodium hydrochloride as agent was found to be effective to retrieve the permeate flow rate of the fouled membrane by 99%, indicating the deposited organic foulants were mainly reversible ones. The findings from this case study clearly demonstrated the potential of MBR process for treatment of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater and played an important role to minimize the negative impacts of discharged effluents on the environment.
{"title":"A Case Study of Industrial MBR Process for Poultry Slaughterhouse Wastewater Treatment","authors":"W. Lau, Sy Fong, Nelson Hock Tai Tan, Nikki Chin, Kah Hee Chew","doi":"10.22079/JMSR.2021.523382.1443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22079/JMSR.2021.523382.1443","url":null,"abstract":"The wastewater discharged from the poultry slaughterhouse always contains high levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and thus, it requires proper treatment to minimize its negative impacts on the receiving water bodies. In this work, we presented a local case study of the full-scale implementation of membrane bioreactor (MBR) process with capacity of 144 m3/day to treat the poultry slaughterhouse wastewater. Over the 6-month monitoring period, our results showed that the permeate flow rate of the MBR process was relatively stable and only suffered from approximately 16% flux decline for the entire period with 8-h operation daily. Such flux deterioration is acceptable given the membrane was not subjected to any cleaning process. With respect to the separation efficiencies, the MBR process showed a very promising performance by meeting almost all of the parameters’ limit of the National Water Quality Standards (Class IIB Limit), except for the dissolved oxygen (DO) that displayed slightly higher value than the maximum limit. A chemical cleaning process using sodium hydrochloride as agent was found to be effective to retrieve the permeate flow rate of the fouled membrane by 99%, indicating the deposited organic foulants were mainly reversible ones. The findings from this case study clearly demonstrated the potential of MBR process for treatment of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater and played an important role to minimize the negative impacts of discharged effluents on the environment.","PeriodicalId":16427,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41458783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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