Citronella oil is one of the non-timber forest products (NTFP) and commercially obtained from the distillation of the leaves of the Cymbopogon nardus L. This study aims to determine the effect of the size of the distillation raw material and storage time of the raw material on yield and determine the antimicrobial properties of citronella oil from plants in the production forest Register 40 KPH Ged o ng Wani, Lampung Selatan Regency. The research was conducted using a complete randomized block design (RAKL) with two factors, namely the size of the distillation raw material (whole leaf , 5 cm, 10 cm , and 15 cm) and the storage time of the raw material (fresh, 2 days , and 4 days) which was carried out in 3 replications. The variables measured were yield, specific gravity, and solubility of citronella oil in alcohol. The inhibition ability test of citronella oil against bacteria using essential oil obtained from distillation at the highest yield conditions, namely fresh leaves and leaf size of 5 cm using the diffusion well method. The results showed that the storage time factor, the size of the distillation raw material, and the interaction between the storage time and the size of the raw material had a significant effect on the yield of citronella oil. The highest yield of citronella oil was achieved in the condition of fresh leaves with a size of 5 cm, namely 2 , 09%. Density and solubility in alcohol of citronella oil produced met SNI 06-3953-1995 standard , respectively 0 , 8718-0 , 8928 g/ ml and 1:2. Citronella oil has strong antibacterial properties against Propioni acne, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus with inhibition zone diameters we re 40 , 2 0 mm , 18 , 36 mm , 13 , 07 mm, and 18 , 8 0 mm, respectively. Citronella oil from plants in Register 40 KPH Gedong Wani has potential as a raw material for the cosmetic and disinfectant industry. Keywords: antimicrobial, citronella oil, yield
{"title":"Sifat Antimikroba dan Pengaruh Perlakuan Bahan Baku terhadap Rendemen Minyak Sereh Wangi (Antimicrobial Properties and Effects of Raw Material Treatments on Citronella Oil Yield)","authors":"Shintawati Shintawati, Oktaf Rina, D. Ermaya","doi":"10.23960/JSL38411-419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/JSL38411-419","url":null,"abstract":"Citronella oil is one of the non-timber forest products (NTFP) and commercially obtained from the distillation of the leaves of the Cymbopogon nardus L. This study aims to determine the effect of the size of the distillation raw material and storage time of the raw material on yield and determine the antimicrobial properties of citronella oil from plants in the production forest Register 40 KPH Ged o ng Wani, Lampung Selatan Regency. The research was conducted using a complete randomized block design (RAKL) with two factors, namely the size of the distillation raw material (whole leaf , 5 cm, 10 cm , and 15 cm) and the storage time of the raw material (fresh, 2 days , and 4 days) which was carried out in 3 replications. The variables measured were yield, specific gravity, and solubility of citronella oil in alcohol. The inhibition ability test of citronella oil against bacteria using essential oil obtained from distillation at the highest yield conditions, namely fresh leaves and leaf size of 5 cm using the diffusion well method. The results showed that the storage time factor, the size of the distillation raw material, and the interaction between the storage time and the size of the raw material had a significant effect on the yield of citronella oil. The highest yield of citronella oil was achieved in the condition of fresh leaves with a size of 5 cm, namely 2 , 09%. Density and solubility in alcohol of citronella oil produced met SNI 06-3953-1995 standard , respectively 0 , 8718-0 , 8928 g/ ml and 1:2. Citronella oil has strong antibacterial properties against Propioni acne, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus with inhibition zone diameters we re 40 , 2 0 mm , 18 , 36 mm , 13 , 07 mm, and 18 , 8 0 mm, respectively. Citronella oil from plants in Register 40 KPH Gedong Wani has potential as a raw material for the cosmetic and disinfectant industry. Keywords: antimicrobial, citronella oil, yield","PeriodicalId":17088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Logic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77703404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Falah, M. A. R. Lubis, Triastuti Triastuti, W. Fatriasari, F. P. Sari
Lignin is the second most abundant biopolymer, exceeded only by cellulose, and comprises 15-25% of the dry weight of woody plants, with around 285,000 tons/year of production capacity globally. This study aims to utilize the lignin obtained from the waste of bioethanol production from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) as a mortar additive. The use of mortar as a material for road construction is increasing, but its long time hardening is causing problems such as traffic jams. Lignin can be used as an additive to shorten the hardening time of mortar. Lignin was isolated at various NaOH concentrations and temperatures of OPEFB pretreatment for bioethanol production. The workability of the slump and compressive strength of mortars generated were further tested. Lignin from OPEFB can be used as a water reducer in the mortar with improved workability as much as 24.4% compared to controls. The addition of lignin could also increase the compressive strength at the mortar age of 7 and 28 days compared to the commercial lignosulfonate and control on the various water-cement ratios. The setting time of mortar with the lignin addition increased rapidly, reaching up to 80% at the 7 days, indicating that curing time is getting shorter. The most remarkable improvement of compressive strength with suitable workability and high-quality concrete was reached by 1% lignin addition and 0.45 water-cement ratio with compressive strength 38 . 81 N/mm 2 at 28 days . Keywords: compressive strength, lignin, mortar, OPEFB, water reducer
{"title":"Utilization of Lignin from the Waste of Bioethanol Production as a Mortar Additive","authors":"F. Falah, M. A. R. Lubis, Triastuti Triastuti, W. Fatriasari, F. P. Sari","doi":"10.23960/JSL38326-339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/JSL38326-339","url":null,"abstract":"Lignin is the second most abundant biopolymer, exceeded only by cellulose, and comprises 15-25% of the dry weight of woody plants, with around 285,000 tons/year of production capacity globally. This study aims to utilize the lignin obtained from the waste of bioethanol production from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) as a mortar additive. The use of mortar as a material for road construction is increasing, but its long time hardening is causing problems such as traffic jams. Lignin can be used as an additive to shorten the hardening time of mortar. Lignin was isolated at various NaOH concentrations and temperatures of OPEFB pretreatment for bioethanol production. The workability of the slump and compressive strength of mortars generated were further tested. Lignin from OPEFB can be used as a water reducer in the mortar with improved workability as much as 24.4% compared to controls. The addition of lignin could also increase the compressive strength at the mortar age of 7 and 28 days compared to the commercial lignosulfonate and control on the various water-cement ratios. The setting time of mortar with the lignin addition increased rapidly, reaching up to 80% at the 7 days, indicating that curing time is getting shorter. The most remarkable improvement of compressive strength with suitable workability and high-quality concrete was reached by 1% lignin addition and 0.45 water-cement ratio with compressive strength 38 . 81 N/mm 2 at 28 days . Keywords: compressive strength, lignin, mortar, OPEFB, water reducer","PeriodicalId":17088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Logic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75911494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pine oleoresin is a valuable non-timber forest product commodity in Indonesia. A traditional tapping using small-sized hoes ("kadukul" in Sundanese or "pethel" in Javanese) are widely applied. Given the protection of occupational safety and health is a worker's right, various ergonomic issues were discussed in this study. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) was examined by using Standardized Nordic Questionnaire and Wong-Baker Pain Rating Scale instruments, physical-mental-social fatigue was measured by Cumulative Fatigue Symptoms Index (CFSI), and job satisfaction was tested from eight variables such as wage, employment status, accessibility, health service, living facilities, work equipment, training, and social facility. This study revealed that most of the workers suffered from intense MSDs in the shoulder, arm, wrist, hand, thigh, calf, and foot (mostly right body side). This finding was in line with the CFSI analysis. The common fatigue symptoms suffered by the workers were in the category of the physical dimension, such as in sub-dimensions of general fatigue, chronics fatigue, and physical disorder. The job satisfaction analysis confirmed that two variables, i.e., wage and employment status, influenced job satisfaction significantly in a positive association. Proper personal protective equipment and workaid, working techniques improvement that meets occupational safety and health standard, and safety behavior incentive should be considered as effective strategies in improving the worker's safety and health protection. Keywords: forest harvesting, forestry worker, non-timber forest product, physical fatigue, safety
{"title":"Ergonomic Analysis of Traditional Pine Oleoresin Tapping: Musculoskeletal Disorders, Cumulative Fatigue, and Job Satisfaction","authors":"E. Y. Yovi, N. Amanda","doi":"10.23960/JSL38283-296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/JSL38283-296","url":null,"abstract":"Pine oleoresin is a valuable non-timber forest product commodity in Indonesia. A traditional tapping using small-sized hoes (\"kadukul\" in Sundanese or \"pethel\" in Javanese) are widely applied. Given the protection of occupational safety and health is a worker's right, various ergonomic issues were discussed in this study. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) was examined by using Standardized Nordic Questionnaire and Wong-Baker Pain Rating Scale instruments, physical-mental-social fatigue was measured by Cumulative Fatigue Symptoms Index (CFSI), and job satisfaction was tested from eight variables such as wage, employment status, accessibility, health service, living facilities, work equipment, training, and social facility. This study revealed that most of the workers suffered from intense MSDs in the shoulder, arm, wrist, hand, thigh, calf, and foot (mostly right body side). This finding was in line with the CFSI analysis. The common fatigue symptoms suffered by the workers were in the category of the physical dimension, such as in sub-dimensions of general fatigue, chronics fatigue, and physical disorder. The job satisfaction analysis confirmed that two variables, i.e., wage and employment status, influenced job satisfaction significantly in a positive association. Proper personal protective equipment and workaid, working techniques improvement that meets occupational safety and health standard, and safety behavior incentive should be considered as effective strategies in improving the worker's safety and health protection. Keywords: forest harvesting, forestry worker, non-timber forest product, physical fatigue, safety","PeriodicalId":17088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Logic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85720413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Historically, and based on the latest conditions, Samboja Research Forest has a fairly high vulnerability to the presence of invasive species that can interfere with ecosystem stability and forest succession. However, data collection and risk assessment of invasive species have not been conducted in the forest area. T h e study was c arried out t o support the management of Samboja Research Forest , particularly in controlling invasive species. The study was conducted with exploration techniques in open areas , secondary forests , and primary forests . T he density and frequency data of invasive plants we re obtained using random plots in secondary and primary forest areas. The results showed the presence of 52 invasive plant species in the Samboja Research Forest area with dominance by shrubs and herbs. B ased on plants distribution and density , four crucial invasive plant species in Samboja Research Forest were identified , namely: Acacia mangium, Spathodea campanulata, Miconia crenata , and Piper aduncum. The management of invasive species wa s carried out in two stages, short term, through manual weeding, and in the long term, with the prevention, eradication, and periodic risk assessment. Keywords: invasive alien species, Kalimantan, eradication, Spathodea campanulata
{"title":"Keragaman dan Pengendalian Tumbuhan Invasif di KHDTK Samboja, Kalimantan Timur (Diversity and Management of Invasive Plants in Samboja Research Forest, Kalimantan Timur)","authors":"B. S. Sitepu","doi":"10.23960/JSL38351-365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/JSL38351-365","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, and based on the latest conditions, Samboja Research Forest has a fairly high vulnerability to the presence of invasive species that can interfere with ecosystem stability and forest succession. However, data collection and risk assessment of invasive species have not been conducted in the forest area. T h e study was c arried out t o support the management of Samboja Research Forest , particularly in controlling invasive species. The study was conducted with exploration techniques in open areas , secondary forests , and primary forests . T he density and frequency data of invasive plants we re obtained using random plots in secondary and primary forest areas. The results showed the presence of 52 invasive plant species in the Samboja Research Forest area with dominance by shrubs and herbs. B ased on plants distribution and density , four crucial invasive plant species in Samboja Research Forest were identified , namely: Acacia mangium, Spathodea campanulata, Miconia crenata , and Piper aduncum. The management of invasive species wa s carried out in two stages, short term, through manual weeding, and in the long term, with the prevention, eradication, and periodic risk assessment. Keywords: invasive alien species, Kalimantan, eradication, Spathodea campanulata","PeriodicalId":17088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Logic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79984346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Waste is one of the major problems in Sei Sembilang, a hamlet located in the Berbak-Sembilang National Park (BSNP) area. The area is difficult to reach, and to date, there is no effective waste management system applied. Waste management cannot be separated from the involvement of men and women; hence, a model that can accommodate the community’s interests and how gender plays a role in that model is needed. This study aims to develop an appropriate gender-based waste management model to overcome these problems. The study was conducted using mixed methods of Sequential Explanatory. Quantitative data were analyzed through 3 stages: editing, coding, and tabulation in tables and diagrams. Qualitative data were analyzed descriptively through 3 stages, that are reduction, presentation, and verification. The results showed that the community’s knowledge and attitudes, both men and women, were relatively high, but not accompanied by their behavior. Women tend to have a higher level of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior than men. The waste management model that can be developed is an integrated waste management model that can accommodate all society levels. This model divides roles between the community, government, and the private sector. In this model, women have a more significant role in separating waste and recycling plastic waste into handicraft products. Men play a role in transporting and processing plastic waste into economically valuable plastic raw materials. Keyword: Berbak-Sembilang National Park, gender, waste management model
{"title":"Gender Based Waste Management Model in Sei Sembilang, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera Province","authors":"W. H. Asmara, S. Sarno, Nengyanti Nengyanti","doi":"10.23960/JSL38308-325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/JSL38308-325","url":null,"abstract":"Waste is one of the major problems in Sei Sembilang, a hamlet located in the Berbak-Sembilang National Park (BSNP) area. The area is difficult to reach, and to date, there is no effective waste management system applied. Waste management cannot be separated from the involvement of men and women; hence, a model that can accommodate the community’s interests and how gender plays a role in that model is needed. This study aims to develop an appropriate gender-based waste management model to overcome these problems. The study was conducted using mixed methods of Sequential Explanatory. Quantitative data were analyzed through 3 stages: editing, coding, and tabulation in tables and diagrams. Qualitative data were analyzed descriptively through 3 stages, that are reduction, presentation, and verification. The results showed that the community’s knowledge and attitudes, both men and women, were relatively high, but not accompanied by their behavior. Women tend to have a higher level of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior than men. The waste management model that can be developed is an integrated waste management model that can accommodate all society levels. This model divides roles between the community, government, and the private sector. In this model, women have a more significant role in separating waste and recycling plastic waste into handicraft products. Men play a role in transporting and processing plastic waste into economically valuable plastic raw materials. Keyword: Berbak-Sembilang National Park, gender, waste management model","PeriodicalId":17088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Logic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83377311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Triwibowo, Prabu Satria Sejati, Mohamad Gopar, Sudarmanto Sudarmanto, F. Akbar, D. Purnomo, S. S. Kusumah, Y. Amin, Wahyu Dwianto
The aim of this study was to determine the physical and mechanical properties of Cross laminated timber (CLT) made from oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis. Jacq ) stem waste combined with thinned platinum teak ( Tectona grandis ) wood. CLT was made into two types, namely CLT type A (teak-palm-teak) and CLT type B (teak-teak-teak). The CLT was 150 cm in length and 20 cm in width, with variation of the thickness of 3,0 cm, 4,5 cm, and 6,0 cm, and the glue spread of 300 g/m². The results showed that CLT type B has better physical and mechanical properties than CLT type A. Generally, CLT made of lamina with a thickness of 4,5 cm showed the best performance of physical and mechanical properties. Platinum teak and palm oil stem waste have the potential to be used as a source of CLT raw materials because of the moisture content, flexural modulus (MOE), and fracture modulus (MOR) that meet the JAS 1152 standard. Keywords : Cross laminated timber, platinum teak, oil pal m stem, physical properties, mechanical properties
{"title":"Karakteristik Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) dari Kayu Jati Platinum Hasil Penjarangan dan Limbah Batang Kelapa Sawit (Characteristic of Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) from Thinned Platinum Teak and Oil Palm Stem Waste)","authors":"D. Triwibowo, Prabu Satria Sejati, Mohamad Gopar, Sudarmanto Sudarmanto, F. Akbar, D. Purnomo, S. S. Kusumah, Y. Amin, Wahyu Dwianto","doi":"10.23960/JSL38340-350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/JSL38340-350","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the physical and mechanical properties of Cross laminated timber (CLT) made from oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis. Jacq ) stem waste combined with thinned platinum teak ( Tectona grandis ) wood. CLT was made into two types, namely CLT type A (teak-palm-teak) and CLT type B (teak-teak-teak). The CLT was 150 cm in length and 20 cm in width, with variation of the thickness of 3,0 cm, 4,5 cm, and 6,0 cm, and the glue spread of 300 g/m². The results showed that CLT type B has better physical and mechanical properties than CLT type A. Generally, CLT made of lamina with a thickness of 4,5 cm showed the best performance of physical and mechanical properties. Platinum teak and palm oil stem waste have the potential to be used as a source of CLT raw materials because of the moisture content, flexural modulus (MOE), and fracture modulus (MOR) that meet the JAS 1152 standard. Keywords : Cross laminated timber, platinum teak, oil pal m stem, physical properties, mechanical properties","PeriodicalId":17088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Logic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86517958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One important aspect needed in mangrove forest management was the data and information available regarding structure and associations. However, the structure and association of mangrove forests in the Torue watershed downstream had not been identified. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the structure and association of mangrove forests in the Torue watershed downstream. This research used the plot path method with a path and plot combination. Path placement was done by purposive sampling. The results showed that the mangrove forest structure of the Torue watershed downstream consisted of three canopy layers, i.e., Stratum C, D, and E, which were dominated by seedling and sapling growth rates. Stratum C was dominated by Sonneratia alba type, and Stratum D was dominated by Bruguiera gymnorizha and Bruguiera sexangula types. In contrast, Stratum E was dominated by Rhizophora mucronata and Rhizophora apiculata types. There was no association between mangrove vegetation and all species. However, three pairs of species had a positive association coefficient, namely: Sonneratia alba with Rhizophora apiculata with a coefficient value of 0,42, Rhizophora mucronata with Bruguiera gymnorhiza, and Rhizophora mucronata with Bruguiera sexangula each coefficient value of 0,06, which was not associated with five species, namely Sonneratia alba, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, Bruguiera gymnorizha, and Bruguiera sexangula. The results of this study could be the basis of the guidelines for sustainability in mangrove forest management. Keywords: association, mangrove forest, vegetation structure, watershed
{"title":"Struktur dan Asosiasi Vegetasi Mangrove di Hilir DAS Torue, Parigi Moutong, Sulawesi Tengah (Structure and Association of Mangrove Vegetation in Torue Watershed Downstream, Parigi Moutong, Central Sulawesi)","authors":"Naharuddin Naharuddin","doi":"10.23960/JSL38378-389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/JSL38378-389","url":null,"abstract":"One important aspect needed in mangrove forest management was the data and information available regarding structure and associations. However, the structure and association of mangrove forests in the Torue watershed downstream had not been identified. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the structure and association of mangrove forests in the Torue watershed downstream. This research used the plot path method with a path and plot combination. Path placement was done by purposive sampling. The results showed that the mangrove forest structure of the Torue watershed downstream consisted of three canopy layers, i.e., Stratum C, D, and E, which were dominated by seedling and sapling growth rates. Stratum C was dominated by Sonneratia alba type, and Stratum D was dominated by Bruguiera gymnorizha and Bruguiera sexangula types. In contrast, Stratum E was dominated by Rhizophora mucronata and Rhizophora apiculata types. There was no association between mangrove vegetation and all species. However, three pairs of species had a positive association coefficient, namely: Sonneratia alba with Rhizophora apiculata with a coefficient value of 0,42, Rhizophora mucronata with Bruguiera gymnorhiza, and Rhizophora mucronata with Bruguiera sexangula each coefficient value of 0,06, which was not associated with five species, namely Sonneratia alba, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, Bruguiera gymnorizha, and Bruguiera sexangula. The results of this study could be the basis of the guidelines for sustainability in mangrove forest management. Keywords: association, mangrove forest, vegetation structure, watershed","PeriodicalId":17088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Logic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77647144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jambi City is the capital of Jambi Province and the largest city in the province. However, the area of Green Open Space (GOS) in Jambi City was decreasing year by year. Continuous development in Jambi City must be balanced with the existence of adequate GOS. This study aims to identify the existence of public GOS in Jambi City and analyze the needs of public GOS in Jambi City based on population and oxygen needs. The study was conducted in March-October 2019 in Jambi City. The data collected consists of primary data obtained through field observations in public GOS and secondary data relating to population data, public GOS area, number of vehicles, and temperature changes. The data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that the public GOS in Jambi City in 2018 reached 167,18 ha. The need for public GOS in Jambi City based on the need for population growth in 2035 is 1.414,01 ha. The need for public GOS in Jambi City based on oxygen demand that in line with the population growth in 2035 is 4.169,91 ha. Keywords: green open space, Jambi City, needs analysis
{"title":"Ruang Terbuka Hijau Publik di Kota Jambi Berbasis Jumlah Penduduk dan Kebutuhan Oksigen (Public Green Open Space Development in Jambi City Based on Population and Oxygen Needs)","authors":"Mariah Ulfa, Fazriyas Fazriyas","doi":"10.23960/JSL38366-377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/JSL38366-377","url":null,"abstract":"Jambi City is the capital of Jambi Province and the largest city in the province. However, the area of Green Open Space (GOS) in Jambi City was decreasing year by year. Continuous development in Jambi City must be balanced with the existence of adequate GOS. This study aims to identify the existence of public GOS in Jambi City and analyze the needs of public GOS in Jambi City based on population and oxygen needs. The study was conducted in March-October 2019 in Jambi City. The data collected consists of primary data obtained through field observations in public GOS and secondary data relating to population data, public GOS area, number of vehicles, and temperature changes. The data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that the public GOS in Jambi City in 2018 reached 167,18 ha. The need for public GOS in Jambi City based on the need for population growth in 2035 is 1.414,01 ha. The need for public GOS in Jambi City based on oxygen demand that in line with the population growth in 2035 is 4.169,91 ha. Keywords: green open space, Jambi City, needs analysis","PeriodicalId":17088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Logic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75014365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Putu Mita Krisdayani, M. Proborini, E. Kriswiyanti
Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen) is a tree species commonly planted in community forests and managed using an agroforestry system. In order to grow a high-quality sengon tree, high-quality seeds are essentials. In addition, providing biofertilizers and organic fertilizers during the nursery phase is necessary. This study aimed to determine the effect of Trichoderma spp., endomycorrhizae, and compost fertilizer combination on the growth of sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen) seeds and to determine the optimum ratio to increase the growth of sengon seeds. The research was performed in the Plant Taxonomy Laboratory (Mycology) and Unda Anyar Watershed and Protected Forest Management Office in Bali. The research was performed with six treatments, namely: A (sterile or untreated soil), B (sterile soil and 10 g of compost), C (10 ml Trichoderma spp.), D (10 ml Trichoderma spp., 100 endomycorrhizal spores, and 10 g compost), E (10 ml Trichoderma spp., 150 endomycorrhizal spores, and 10 g compost), and F (10 ml Trichoderma spp., 200 endomycorrhizal spores, and 10 g compost). This study consisted of five groups with three sub-unit plants. The results showed that the combination of Trichoderma spp., endomycorrhizae, and compost fertilizer significantly increased plant height, amount of stem branches, fresh weight and dry weight of plant, and dry weight of root compared to control. However, the effect on the root fresh weight was not significant. A combination of 10 ml Trichoderma spp., 150 endomycorrhizal spores, and 10 g of compost fertilizer was the most optimal and effective in increasing the growth of sengon seeds. Keywords: mycorrhiza, sengon seedlings, woody plants
{"title":"Pengaruh Kombinasi Pupuk Hayati Endomikoriza, Trichoderma spp., dan Pupuk Kompos terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen) (Effect of Bio-Fertilizer, Endomicorrhiza, Trichoderma spp., and Compost Combination on the Growth of Sengon Seedlings (Paraserianthes falcatari","authors":"Putu Mita Krisdayani, M. Proborini, E. Kriswiyanti","doi":"10.23960/JSL38400-410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/JSL38400-410","url":null,"abstract":"Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen) is a tree species commonly planted in community forests and managed using an agroforestry system. In order to grow a high-quality sengon tree, high-quality seeds are essentials. In addition, providing biofertilizers and organic fertilizers during the nursery phase is necessary. This study aimed to determine the effect of Trichoderma spp., endomycorrhizae, and compost fertilizer combination on the growth of sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen) seeds and to determine the optimum ratio to increase the growth of sengon seeds. The research was performed in the Plant Taxonomy Laboratory (Mycology) and Unda Anyar Watershed and Protected Forest Management Office in Bali. The research was performed with six treatments, namely: A (sterile or untreated soil), B (sterile soil and 10 g of compost), C (10 ml Trichoderma spp.), D (10 ml Trichoderma spp., 100 endomycorrhizal spores, and 10 g compost), E (10 ml Trichoderma spp., 150 endomycorrhizal spores, and 10 g compost), and F (10 ml Trichoderma spp., 200 endomycorrhizal spores, and 10 g compost). This study consisted of five groups with three sub-unit plants. The results showed that the combination of Trichoderma spp., endomycorrhizae, and compost fertilizer significantly increased plant height, amount of stem branches, fresh weight and dry weight of plant, and dry weight of root compared to control. However, the effect on the root fresh weight was not significant. A combination of 10 ml Trichoderma spp., 150 endomycorrhizal spores, and 10 g of compost fertilizer was the most optimal and effective in increasing the growth of sengon seeds. Keywords: mycorrhiza, sengon seedlings, woody plants","PeriodicalId":17088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Logic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84361990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. K. Raunsay, Maik N R Akobiarek, Marthinus Yohanis Ruamba
Asplenium nidus L. has an important role as one of the bio-indicators of the cend e rawasih bird nest and is massively found in the Imbowiari Forest, Yapen Islands Regency, Papua. Until now, there is no study on the investigation of their vertical distribution. This study aimed to identify the vertical distribution of A. nidus and the relationship with the height of the host trees. The population and samples of this study were all A. nidus existing in the Imbowiari Forest, and the samples were all A. nidus that is in the observation plot. This study employed a track path method consisting of 3 transects containing 15 observation plots. The results revealed 63 A. nidus in the area of Imbowiari Forest with the total number of host trees of 49. The A. nidus and host tree relationship was shown by the equation Y = 0,014X + 1.016 with R 2 = 0,058. There was no correlation between the height of host trees and the vertical distribution of A. nidus. Keywords: Asplenium nidus, Imbowiari Forest, vertical distribution
{"title":"Distribusi Vertikal Asplenium nidus L. di Kawasan Hutan Imbowiari, Kepulauan Yapen, Papua (Vertical Distribution of Asplenium nidus L. in the Imbowiari Forest, Yapen Islands, Papua)","authors":"E. K. Raunsay, Maik N R Akobiarek, Marthinus Yohanis Ruamba","doi":"10.23960/JSL38390-399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23960/JSL38390-399","url":null,"abstract":"Asplenium nidus L. has an important role as one of the bio-indicators of the cend e rawasih bird nest and is massively found in the Imbowiari Forest, Yapen Islands Regency, Papua. Until now, there is no study on the investigation of their vertical distribution. This study aimed to identify the vertical distribution of A. nidus and the relationship with the height of the host trees. The population and samples of this study were all A. nidus existing in the Imbowiari Forest, and the samples were all A. nidus that is in the observation plot. This study employed a track path method consisting of 3 transects containing 15 observation plots. The results revealed 63 A. nidus in the area of Imbowiari Forest with the total number of host trees of 49. The A. nidus and host tree relationship was shown by the equation Y = 0,014X + 1.016 with R 2 = 0,058. There was no correlation between the height of host trees and the vertical distribution of A. nidus. Keywords: Asplenium nidus, Imbowiari Forest, vertical distribution","PeriodicalId":17088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Symbolic Logic","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86210813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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