Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Ningmitai capsule plus sertraline on patients with premature ejaculation and enlarged seminal vesicles: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Peng Longping ,&nbsp;Hong Zhiwei ,&nbsp;Shen Jiaming ,&nbsp;Hu Xuechun ,&nbsp;Shao Yong ,&nbsp;Jing Jun ,&nbsp;Lu Jinchun ,&nbsp;Yao Bing","doi":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>To investigate the effects of Ningmitai capsule combined with sertraline on patients with premature ejaculation (PE) and an increased anterior-posterior diameter (APD) of the seminal vesicles (SVs).</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>Sixty men with acquired PE were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups. The combined group was treated with Ningmitai capsule and sertraline, while the control group was treated with sertraline alone. Main outcomes were measured using the premature ejaculation diagnostic tool (PEDT), APD of SVs, and Clinical Global Impression of Change questionnaire and compared before and after 3 months of treatment.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>Comparing after treatment with before treatment outcomes within each group, the PEDT score was significantly reduced in the combined group (12.1 ± 2.5 <em>vs</em> 8.6 ± 3.2, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001, respectively) and control group (12.9 ± 2.6 <em>vs</em> 10.3 ±1.6, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, the PEDT score after treatment was significantly lower in the combined compared with control group (8.6 ± 3.2 <em>vs</em> 10.3 ± 1.6, <em>P</em> = 0.011, respectively). The APD of SVs in the combined group was significantly decreased after treatment [(10.8 ± 2.4) <em>vs</em> (12.9 ± 2.2) mm, <em>P</em> = 0.001], while the APD of SVs in the control group was equivalent before and after treatment. The treatment response rate was not significantly higher in the combined compared with control group.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><p>These results indicated that the effect of Ningmitai capsule combined with sertraline was better than that of sertraline alone for the treatment of PE patients exhibiting an increased APD of SVs. The therapeutic effect found for the combined treatment may be due to antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity reported for Ningmitai capsule, and may suggest that seminal vesiculitis is a potential pathophysiological factor in acquired PE.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17513,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.04.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48466529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of herb-partitioned moxibustion at Qihai (CV 6) and bilateral Tianshu (ST 25) on colonic damage and the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in rats with Crohn's disease","authors":"Zhang Dan ,&nbsp;Wei Kai ,&nbsp;Ma Xiaopeng ,&nbsp;Wu Huangan ,&nbsp;Hong Jue ,&nbsp;Zhang Cuihong ,&nbsp;Wu Lingxiang ,&nbsp;Yan Huang ,&nbsp;Liu Jie ,&nbsp;Zhu Yi ,&nbsp;Yang Ling","doi":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>To observe the effect of stimulating Qihai (CV 6) and bilateral Tianshu (ST 25) with herb-partitioned moxibustion (HPM) in rats with Crohn's disease (CD), and to investigate the possible anti-inflammatory mechanism of HPM.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>Forty rats were randomly divided into four groups (<em>n</em> = 10 rats per group): normal control (NC), model control (MC), mesalamine (MES), and HPM. The CD rat model was established in the MC, MES, and HPM groups by administering a mixture of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid and alcohol via enema. The HPM group received HPM on Qihai (CV 6) and bilateral Tianshu (ST 25), while the MES group received intragastric mesalamine. Colonic histomorphological scores, and serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) were assessed to evaluate the effects of HPM on colonic reparation and anti-inflammation. The expressions of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), nuclear factor κB inhibitor α (IkB-α), IkB kinase α/β (Iκκα/β), and NF-κB p65 were further analyzed to investigate the regulatory effects of the interventions on the TLR4/NF-κB pathway.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>CD rats showed inflammatory colonic damage and increased serum concentrations of TNF-α and IL-1β. The expressions of TLR4, IKKα/β, and NF-κB p65 in the colons of CD rats were significantly increased compared with the NC group, while the expression of IκBα (a key negative regulator of NF-κB p65) was decreased. HPM significantly mitigated colonic damage and reduced the serum concentrations of TNF-α and IL-1β. HPM downregulated the expressions of TLR4, IKKα/β, and NF-κB p65 in the colon, and upregulated the expression of IκBα. The effects of HPM in CD rats were similar to those of mesalamine.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><p>HPM alleviates colonic inflammation in CD rats. This may be achieved through regulation of TLR4, which induces NF-κB signal transduction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17513,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.04.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49047923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Qingshen granules on Janus Kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction","authors":"Wang Yiping ,&nbsp;Wang Dong ,&nbsp;Jin Hua ,&nbsp;Yu Min ,&nbsp;Zhang Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2017.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2017.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>To investigate the effects of Qingshen granules (QSG) on janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway in a rat model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups, with 10 animals in each group: the untreated sham-operated normal control group; the untreated UUO model control group, the high dose QSG-treated (16 g•kg⁻¹•d⁻¹) UUO group; the medium dose QSG-treated (8 g•kg⁻¹•d⁻¹) UUO group; the low dose QSG-treated (4 g•kg⁻¹•d⁻¹) UUO group; and the valsartan-treated group (20 mg•kg⁻¹•d⁻¹). The two untreated control groups received physiological saline (1 mL/100 g per day). All the rats were sacrificed after a 4-week course of treatment. Serum creatinine and leptin; protein expressions of leptin receptor (OB-R), p-JAK2, p-STAT3, nuclear factors-κBp6 (NF-kBp65), and monocytechemotatic protein-1 (MCP-1); mRNA of JAK2, STAT3, calcium-dependent adhesion (E-cadherin), alphasmooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the kidney tissues; and the expressions of type IV collagen (Col-IV and fibronectin (FN) and the pathomorphology in kidney tissues were treated.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>Compared with the normal group, the BUN, Scr, and serum leptin levels and the expressions of MCP-1, p-JAK2, p-STAT3, NF-kBp65 and OB-R in renal tissues, and the mRNA expressions of leptin, JAK2 protein, STAT3 protein, α-SMA protein in model group were significantly higher (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) in the UUO model group. These parameters were significantly reduced in all the QSG-treated groups and the valsartan-treated group than the UUO model group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05 or <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), with the lowest levels found in the medium dose QSG-treated group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). However, the expression levels of E-cadherin, FN, and Col-IV in the renal tissues were contrary to the expressions described above. Severe pathological injury was evident in the renal tissues of UUO model rats, which was alleviated in the QSG-treated and valsartan-treated groups, with the least damage found in the medium dose QSG-treated group.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><p>Our data suggest that the leptin-mediated JAK/STAT signaling pathway is involved in the process of renal interstitial fibrosis in UUO rats. QSG inhibited the activity of the signaling pathway, reduced the activity of NF-kB and inflammatory effect, and the transdifferentiation in the renal tubular epithelial cells. Treatment with QSG may delay the renal fibrosis and protect the renal function from damage following UUO in rats.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17513,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jtcm.2017.04.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43907982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low impedance nature of 12 acupoints on the limbs, and the unexpected dependence on limb angle","authors":"Xu Jingjing ,&nbsp;Yang Fan ,&nbsp;Han Danhong ,&nbsp;Wang Zhenhai ,&nbsp;Hong Yuankai ,&nbsp;Han Hongbin ,&nbsp;Xu Shengyong","doi":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>To better understand the working mechanism of acupuncture, we investigated the skin electrical impedance distribution around acupoints, and the impedance changes at 12 original acupoints bilaterally after bending the limbs.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>We measured the skin electrical impedance in three study subjects in the frequency range of 40 to 10 kHz using the four-electrode method with a sharp probe and a large reference electrode. A measurement matrix of 7 mm × 7 mm with spacing of 2.0 (or 3.0) mm was measured to obtain 2D impedance mapping of acupoints. The impedance spectra of 12 original acupoints were measured at the 0° position and the 90° position.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>The electrical impedance of some acupoints, such as Yangchi (TE 4), was 16 times lower than that of the surrounding area, showing a recognizable small central area of low impedance with a diameter of less than 4 mm. In contrast, other acupoints, such as Laogong (PC 8), had an electrical impedance that was not significantly different from that of the surrounding area. When the limb was bent from a straight position (0°) to a vertical position (90°), the electrical impedance of the 12 original acupoints showed varied trends, either increasing or decreasing by a factor of up to ten times, or remaining at the same level.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><p>Not all acupoints tested show the property of low impedance, which might be related to the varied depth of the openings of superficial collaterals. The unexpected dependence of acupoint impedance on limb angle is a novel discovery, which implies that the channel paths are located in interstitial structures in the limbs. It might be possible to determine an optimized limb position for each particular acupuncture treatment in clinical practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17513,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.03.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44779773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic effect of Guijiajiao (Colla Carapacis et Plastri) on bone regeneration in rats and zebrafish","authors":"Su Weiyang ,&nbsp;Feng Chienwei ,&nbsp;Tseng Chungchih ,&nbsp;Hung Hanchun ,&nbsp;Chen Zhicheng ,&nbsp;Lee Hsinpai ,&nbsp;Jean Yenhsuan ,&nbsp;Wu Shingyi Sean ,&nbsp;Wen Zhihong","doi":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>To investigate the effect of Guijiajiao (<em>Colla Carapacis et Plastri,</em> CCP), the glue of tortoise shell, on bone regeneration in zebrafish and male Wistar rats.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>In this study, we applied <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> models, tissue section analysis, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction to assess the effects of CCP on bone repair. MG-63 cells were used in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization assays. Zebrafish and male Wistar rats were used to evaluate the effects of CCP on bone repair <em>in vivo.</em></p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>A simple preparation of CCP promoted osteogenesis <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro,</em> and promoted MG-63 cell proliferation as well as ALP activity and mineralization. In addition, CCP activated Akt and extracellular signaling-regulated kinase pathways and significantly increased the expression of ossification-related genes and proteins such as runt-related transcription factor-2, osteocalcin, and osteopontin. The <em>in vivo</em> results revealed promotion of osteogenesis by immersing zebrafish in CCP for 72 h. An oral dose of 1.25 g/kg CCP significantly improved skull defects in rats, which was accompanied by an increase in serum ALP levels.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><p>One of the ingredients of Guilu Erxianjiao (tortoise shell and deer horn formula) provides a practical alternative therapy for bone regeneration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17513,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.04.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44168923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of interventions in Traditional Chinese Medicine","authors":"Deng Hongyong ,&nbsp;Clive E Adams ,&nbsp;Farhad Shokraneh ,&nbsp;Liang Shanghua","doi":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>To describe the key systems used for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) classification.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>The TCM classifications used in the International Classification of Diseases-9 Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) volume 3, the ICD-10 Procedure Coding System, the International Classification of Health Interventions, and the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and Chinese Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Subject Headings (TCMeSH) thesauruses were compared regarding descriptive terms, structure, and features of TCM interventions.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>The National Library of Medicine's MeSH thesaurus is ubiquitous. The ICD-9-CM (volume 3), ICD-10 Procedure Coding System, and International Classification of Health Interventions cover insufficient concepts of TCM, and cannot be used directly as classification systems for TCM interventions. In contrast, the TCM contents of the TCMeSH thesaurus are complete, systematic, and detailed, and its hierarchical structure can be used for effective TCM classification.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><p>TCM classification is very limited and flawed. The MeSH thesaurus helps decrease the detrimental effect of the language barrier. Similarly, the TCMeSH thesaurus can help those without full command of the Mandarin language to access Chinese literature, but the value of searches using TCMeSH could be improved by collaborative working with Information Specialists who are fluent in Mandarin and understand TCM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17513,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.04.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49165344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential chronic liver toxicity in rats orally administered an ethanol extract of Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis)","authors":"Yi Yan,&nbsp;Zhao Yong,&nbsp;Li Chunying,&nbsp;Zhang Yushi,&nbsp;Bin Yang,&nbsp;Yuan Yalan,&nbsp;Pan Chen,&nbsp;Wang Lianmei,&nbsp;Liang Aihua","doi":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2017.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2017.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>To investigate the potential chronic liver toxicity of oral administration of ethanol extract of Huangqin (<em>Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis</em>) (SBE) in Wistar rats.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>SBE was administered to rats by gavage for 26 weeks, at doses of 300, 1250, or 2500 mg•kg⁻¹•d⁻¹ respectively. The rats were euthanized at the end of 13 and 26 weeks daily oral dosing and following 4 weeks of recovery time. The changes of hematology, urinary, blood biochemistry and histomorphology were examined at each time point and focus on liver function and histological changes.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>When SBE at a dose of up to 2500 mg•kg⁻¹•d⁻¹ was fed to male and female rats for 26 weeks, the liver tissue showed some inflammatory change that predominated by leukocyte infiltration but returned to normal after withdrawal. In addition, high-dose SBE treatment of 26 weeks in rats, glucose, electrolyte and lipid levels also have some changes. In addition, there are no other functional or organic lesions related to SBE treatment.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><p>Long-term and high-dose SBE may cause liver damage, however, the structural damage of the liver can be restored after the ethanol extract stopping. SBE will be well-tolerated for long-term use as a drug or health food, but in order to ensure drug safety, liver function, and serum glucose, electrolyte and lipid levels should be monitored when using SBE long term.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17513,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jtcm.2017.05.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49317159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities of crude extracts from Tulbaghia species","authors":"Samkeliso Takaidza ,&nbsp;Fanyana Mtunzi ,&nbsp;Michael Pillay","doi":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>To assess the phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities of crude extracts from selected Tulbaghia species.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>Standard methods were used for preliminary phytochemical analysis. The total phenolic acid contents of the plant extracts were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and the total flavonoid contents were determined using the aluminum chloride colorimetric method. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2’-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant activities.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>Phytochemical screening showed flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, and steroids were present in the Tulbaghia species. The total phenolic acid and flavonoid contents varied in the different plant extracts, ranging from 4.50 to 11.10 mg of gallic acid equivalents per gram of fresh material and 3.04 to 9.65 mg of quercetin equivalents per gram, respectively. The IC50 values determined for Tulbaghia alliacea and Tulbaghia violacea based on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (0.06 and 0.08 mg/mL, respectively) and 2,2’-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (0.06 and 0.03 mg/mL, respectively) were low and showed they had potential antioxidant activities.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><p>Our results suggest that individual compounds from Tulbaghia species should be isolated for analysis of their antioxidant activity because some compounds may work best when pure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17513,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.04.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48709382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxicity and penetration enhancement activity of essential oils from warming the interior medicinals with hot or warm property in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine","authors":"Yao Junhong ,&nbsp;Jiang Qiudong ,&nbsp;Cai Hao ,&nbsp;Zhu Xuemin ,&nbsp;Ma Min ,&nbsp;Duan Jinao ,&nbsp;Dong Jie ,&nbsp;Chen Jun","doi":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>To investigate on the cytotoxicity and penetration enhancement effect of essential oils (EOs) from warming the interior medicinals (WIM) from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>EOs were extracted from WIM of Bichengqie (<em>Litseae Fructus</em>), Dingxiang (<em>Flos Syzygii Aromatici</em>), Huajiao (<em>Pericarpium Zanthoxyli Bungeani</em>), and Xiaohuixiang (<em>Fructus Foeniculi</em>) with warm nature, and Ganjiang (<em>Rhizoma Zingiberis</em>), Gaoliangjiang (<em>Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinari</em>), Rougui (<em>Cortex Cinnamomi Cassiae</em>), and Wuzhuyu (<em>Fructus Evodiae Rutaecarpae</em>) with hot nature, respectively. Their chemical compositions were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The cytotoxicity of the extracted eight EOs on HaCaT cells was measured and compared. Moreover, analyses of cell cycle and cell apoptosis were performed to investigate the cytotoxic mechanism. The transdermal penetration enhancement effects of the extracted eight EOs on ibuprofen were further compared by the modified Franz diffusion cell method.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>The most abundant constituents in the extracted eight EOs were determined to be monoterpenes, especially oxygen-containing monoterpenes. The HaCaT cell cytotoxicity of EOs from WIM with hot nature were significantly (<em>P</em> = 0.020) higher than that with warm nature. Both ginger oil and zanthoxylum oil significantly induced G0/G1 phase arrestment in HaCaT cell cycle. For ginger oil from WIM with hot nature and zanthoxylum oil from WIM with warm nature, the main mechanisms of the cytotoxicity were found to be the induction of cellular necrosis and the cellular apoptosis, respectively. Furthermore, most of the tested EOs showed remarkable penetration enhancement activity on ibuprofen. However, no statistical significance (<em>P</em> = 0.18) was found between penetration enhancement activity of EOs from WIM with warm nature and EOs from WIM with hot nature.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><p>With the enhanced penetration activity, the extracted EOs from the WIM demonstrated their significant effect of the cytotoxicity on the skin cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17513,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.03.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46313372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotective effect of Qinggan Lishui formula on retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in a microbead-induced rat chronic glaucoma model","authors":"Zhang Cheng ,&nbsp;Chen Yanqiu ,&nbsp;Li Fang ,&nbsp;Wang Zhongfeng ,&nbsp;Zhang Yinjian","doi":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>To investigate a possible mechanism for protective effects of a decoction of the Qinggan Lishui formula (QF) on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in a rat model of microbead-induced chronic intraocular hypertension (COH).</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>The COH model was generated by injecting microbeads (superparamagnetic iron oxide) into the anterior chamber of rat eyes. QF was given by intragastric administration (gavage) once daily at a dose of 6.2 g/kg until day 28, following microbead injection. Cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) retrograde labeling and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate changes in the number of RGCs in the retina. Terminal dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining was used to assess apoptotic changes in RGCs.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>Microbead injection induced a steady increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) of rats. Elevated IOP resulted in a progressive reduction in the number of CTB-labeled RGCs, 2-4 weeks after microbead injection. QF administration may moderately reduce IOP in the rat COH model and attenuate reduction of the number of CTB-labeled RGCs in COH rats. Furthermore, elevated IOP resulted in a progressive increase in the number of TUNEL-positive RGCs, 2–4 weeks after microbead injection, suggestive of an increase in the extent of RGC apoptosis. There was a significant reduction in the number of TUNEL-positive signals in QF-treated COH retinas, compared with untreated COH retinas.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><p>QF decoction may provide a protective effect for RGCs in COH retinas by reducing RGC loss; these effects may be mediated by inhibition of RGC apoptosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17513,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.03.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43787941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}