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Spatiotemporal patterns and physiological drivers of seasonal water use in Picea schrenkiana: insights from hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes 雪山云杉季节水分利用的时空格局和生理驱动力:来自氢和氧稳定同位素的见解
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-026-08353-6
Ruixi Li, Lu Gong, Xue Wu, Xiaofei Wang, Wenjie Guo, Yixue Huang, Han Zhang
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引用次数: 0
Hydrochar amendment in weathered soil: impacts on fertility, plant growth, and herbivore fitness in the soil–plant system 风化土壤中烃类的修正:对土壤-植物系统中肥力、植物生长和草食动物适应性的影响
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2026-02-21 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-026-08373-2
Isabela Carreira Constantino, Ciro Pedro Guidotti Pinto, Kelly Cristina Gonçalves, Beatriz Ariani Casagrande, Ana Clara Pereira Annelli, Vinicius Sarracini Santos, Altair Benedito Moreira, Fernanda Vasconcelos de Almeida, Ricardo Antonio Polanczyk, Márcia Cristina Bisinoti
Background and aims The application of hydrochar (HC) to soil has beneficial effects, but few studies have evaluated its impact on soil–plant-insect systems. This study investigated the effects of HC derived from sugarcane vinasse and bagasse on soil properties, dissolved organic matter (DOM), plant development, and the performance of a key herbivore. Methods HC application was performed on maize and tomato crops in an Ultisol at doses of 5, 15, and 30 t ha −1 . Plant growth parameters (biomass, length, height, and chlorophyll index), soil β-glucosidase activity, and the quantity and quality of leached organic matter were measured, along with Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm- FAW) fitness traits (larval viability and weight). Results In the short term, the lowest HC dose significantly enhanced tomato growth (p < 0.05). The responses of β-glucosidase activity and soil DOM indicate that enzymatic stimulation depends on both the HC rate and the presence of mineral fertilization. Furthermore, HC induced plant resistance, as evidenced by antibiosis effects on FAW (p < 0.05), reducing larval viability by up to 44% when insects were fed maize leaves, in addition to sublethal effects such as decreased larval weight, and for tomato, an average reduction of 22.96% in viability. Conclusion Therefore, the application of HC as a soil conditioner, in addition to its effects on soil fertility and plant growth, has been shown to have an antibiosis effect on the fall armyworm (FAW). Further investigations, such as the expression of genes and metabolites of the plant defense system, need to be conducted to elucidate the mechanisms of action involved. Graphical abstract
背景与目的烃类化合物在土壤中的应用具有良好的效果,但对其对土壤-植物-昆虫系统的影响研究较少。研究了甘蔗酒糟和甘蔗渣中提取的HC对土壤性质、溶解有机质(DOM)、植物发育和关键食草动物生产性能的影响。方法在玉米和番茄上分别施用5、15和30 t / hm2的Ultisol。测定植物的生长参数(生物量、长、高、叶绿素指数)、土壤β-葡萄糖苷酶活性、浸出有机质的数量和质量,以及落粘虫(Spodoptera frugiperda, FAW)的适合度性状(幼虫活力和体重)。结果在短期内,最低HC剂量显著促进番茄生长(p < 0.05)。β-葡萄糖苷酶活性和土壤DOM的响应表明,酶的刺激既取决于HC率,也取决于矿物施肥的存在。此外,通过对FAW的抗生素效应(p < 0.05)可以证明,HC诱导的植物抗性,除了降低幼虫体重等亚致死效应外,当昆虫食用玉米叶片时,其幼虫存活率降低高达44%,而对于番茄,其存活率平均降低22.96%。结论HC作为土壤调理剂,除对土壤肥力和植物生长有影响外,还具有对秋粘虫(FAW)的抗菌作用。进一步的研究,如植物防御系统的基因和代谢物的表达,需要进行阐明所涉及的作用机制。图形抽象
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引用次数: 0
Nitrogen fixation, crop production and bacterial communities of common bean cultivars: a 77-year breeding perspective 普通豆品种的固氮、作物产量和细菌群落:77年的育种前景
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2026-02-21 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-025-08257-x
S. N. Yurgel, P. N. Miklas, L. D. Porter
Background and aims Common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important food legume which contributes to sustainable agriculture by fixing atmospheric nitrogen (N). However, modern breeding programs have mostly focused on improving crop yield and agronomic traits, ignoring the crop’s capacity for effective symbiotic nitrogen fixation and interactions with microbial communities. We sought to investigate how genotype, soil N availability, and environmental conditions, affect plant growth, N fixation, and the composition of root-associated bacterial communities of 16 bean cultivars released over 77 years of breeding history. Methods Crop growth parameters of 14 pintos, 1 pink, and a non-nodulating navy bean R99 were evaluated in field trials conducted over two growing seasons under differing N soil fertility. The soil and root microbiomes associated with these cultivars were analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Results The results revealed significant year-to-year differences in crop yield and SNF. While nodulation rates were consistent, N fixation efficiency declined under high soil N conditions. Cultivar-specific differences in microbiome composition were observed under N-limited conditions, with several taxa strongly associated with individual genotypes. Notably, modern cultivars showed reduced SNF, which was also more prominent under low N availability, suggesting potential trade-offs associated with breeding for high-input systems. The line R99 exhibited a distinct microbial profile and reduced Rhizobium abundance, indicating a complex genotype–microbiome interaction. Conclusion These findings highlight the importance of both genotype and soil environment on bean performance and microbiome structure and underscore the need for breeding strategies aimed at improving N-use efficiency in bean production.
背景与目的蚕豆(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)是一种重要的食用豆科植物,通过固定大气氮(N)来促进农业可持续发展。然而,现代育种计划主要集中在提高作物产量和农艺性状上,而忽视了作物有效共生固氮和与微生物群落相互作用的能力。本研究旨在研究基因型、土壤氮有效性和环境条件对16个大豆品种生长、固氮和根相关细菌群落组成的影响。方法在不同土壤肥力条件下,对14个扁豆、1个扁豆和1个不结瘤豇豆R99的作物生长参数进行田间试验评价。利用16S rRNA扩增子测序技术分析了与这些品种相关的土壤和根系微生物组。结果作物产量和SNF的年际差异显著。虽然结瘤率一致,但高氮条件下固氮效率下降。在氮素限制条件下,微生物组的组成存在不同品种间的差异,其中一些分类群与个体基因型密切相关。值得注意的是,现代品种SNF降低,且在低氮有效度条件下更为明显,这表明在高投入系统育种中存在潜在的权衡。品系R99表现出明显的微生物特征,根瘤菌丰度降低,表明基因型与微生物群存在复杂的相互作用。结论基因型和土壤环境对大豆生产性能和微生物组结构均有重要影响,需要制定旨在提高大豆氮素利用效率的育种策略。
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引用次数: 0
Nitrate promotes straw decomposition, microbial necromass accumulation and stability of mineral-associated organic carbon at molecular compositional level more significantly than ammonium 在分子组成水平上,硝态氮对秸秆分解、微生物坏死团积累和矿物伴生有机碳稳定性的促进作用强于铵态氮
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2026-02-21 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-026-08416-8
Weijie Dai, Rongbo Xiao, Fen Yang, Chaoyang Wei
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引用次数: 0
Dynamics of soil infiltration processes and plant water uptake strategies after rainfall events in an arid desert environment 干旱沙漠降雨后土壤入渗过程动态及植物水分吸收策略
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2026-02-21 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-026-08367-0
Zaiyong Zhang, Hengrui Zhang, Chengcheng Gong, Yuanzheng Zhang, Zhi Li, Shanghua Liu, Wanzhou Wang
{"title":"Dynamics of soil infiltration processes and plant water uptake strategies after rainfall events in an arid desert environment","authors":"Zaiyong Zhang, Hengrui Zhang, Chengcheng Gong, Yuanzheng Zhang, Zhi Li, Shanghua Liu, Wanzhou Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-026-08367-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-026-08367-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146260806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Asymmetric responses of roots and hyphae to inorganic and organic nutrient additions: a global meta-analysis 根和菌丝对无机和有机营养添加的不对称反应:一项全球荟萃分析
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-026-08389-8
Xiaoyue Liu, Ivano Brunner, Ziping Liu, Guanhua Dai, Lei Xie, MingKai Leng, Junni Wang, Shihan Xu, Yingtong Zhou, Cunguo Wang, Mai-He Li
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引用次数: 0
Inoculation with Bacillus subtilis and Paenibacillus sp. shapes the rhizosphere bacteriome of prickly pear cactus under water deficit 接种枯草芽孢杆菌和拟芽孢杆菌对缺水条件下刺梨根际菌群的影响
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-026-08363-4
Rhaiana Oliveira de Aviz, Janaira Rocha Campos, Marcos Renan Lima Leite, Sandra Mara Barbosa Rocha, Maria Helena Ferreira Duarte, Pâmalla Graziely Carvalho Moraes, Gonçalves Albino Dauala, Elaine Martins da Costa, Rafael de Souza Miranda, Cacio Luiz Boechat, Arthur Prudêncio de Araujo Pereira, Erika Valente de Medeiros, Lucas William Mendes, Ademir Sérgio Ferreira Araujo
Background and aims Prickly pear cactus ( Nopalea cochenillifera L.) plays a central role in sustaining forage production in semiarid environments, yet prolonged drought associated with climate change increasingly constrains its performance. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), including Bacillus subtilis and Paenibacillus spp., are recognized for enhancing plant tolerance to water limitation, but their influence on the rhizosphere microbiome of cactus under drought conditions remains unclear. We tested whether inoculation with these bacteria shapes rhizosphere bacterial community composition and interaction patterns under water deficit. Methods A greenhouse experiment was conducted using a factorial design combining two water regimes (well-watered and water-deficit) with three inoculation treatments ( B. subtilis , Paenibacillus sp., and a non-inoculated control). After 150 days of water stress exposure, rhizosphere bacterial communities were assessed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Results Water availability was the dominant driver of rhizosphere bacterial community structure, with drought favoring Actinobacteriota and well-watered conditions enriching Proteobacteria. Inoculation with B. subtilis modified community composition and increased the prevalence of drought-associated taxa, while also promoting a higher proportion of positive microbial interactions under water deficit. In contrast, Paenibacillus sp. exerted weaker and more variable effects. Despite microbial shifts, inoculation did not significantly affect plant biomass or root traits. Conclusions Rhizosphere bacterial communities of prickly pear cactus are primarily structured by water availability, whereas PGPB inoculation induces secondary, taxa-specific effects. Under drought, B. subtilis enhances microbial network connectivity, suggesting that inoculants may influence rhizosphere functioning even when plant growth responses are limited.
背景与目的刺梨仙人掌(Nopalea cochenillifera L.)在半干旱环境下维持饲料生产中发挥着核心作用,但与气候变化相关的持续干旱日益限制其性能。植物生长促进菌(PGPB),包括枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)和拟芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus spp),被认为可以增强植物对水分限制的耐受性,但它们在干旱条件下对仙人掌根际微生物群的影响尚不清楚。我们测试了在缺水条件下接种这些细菌是否会影响根际细菌群落组成和相互作用模式。方法温室试验采用因子设计,将两种水分条件(丰水和亏水)与三种接种处理(枯草芽孢杆菌、芽孢杆菌和未接种对照)相结合。在150天的水分胁迫处理后,利用16S rRNA基因扩增子测序对根际细菌群落进行评估。结果水分是根际细菌群落结构的主要驱动因素,干旱有利于放线菌门,水分充足有利于变形菌门。接种枯草芽孢杆菌改变了群落组成,增加了干旱相关类群的流行率,同时也促进了水分亏缺条件下更高比例的微生物正相互作用。相比之下,Paenibacillus sp.发挥的作用更弱,更可变。尽管微生物发生了变化,但接种对植物生物量和根系性状没有显著影响。结论刺梨根际细菌群落结构主要受水分供应的影响,而接种PGPB可引起次生的、类群特异性的影响。在干旱条件下,枯草芽孢杆菌增强了微生物网络的连通性,这表明即使在植物生长反应有限的情况下,接种剂也可能影响根际功能。
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引用次数: 0
Rethinking symbiotic nitrogen fixation: Could surplus carbon drive unexpected patterns of resource allocation? 重新思考共生固氮:过剩的碳能驱动意想不到的资源配置模式吗?
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-026-08391-0
Lindsay A. McCulloch, Benton N. Taylor, Nina Wurzburger, Cindy E. Prescott
Background and Aims The return-on-investment framework suggests that symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) is carbon (C)-expensive and optimized for nitrogen (N) acquisition, implying its downregulation when N is abundant. However, many studies reveal paradoxical findings, with high SNF rates occurring under high N availability, often under conditions of drought, high light intensity, and elevated CO 2 . Scope Here we propose an alternative framework suggesting that C allocation to SNF is at least partly driven by plants transporting surplus C belowground, rather than being solely explained by N demand or availability. Under conditions like moderate drought, nutrient limitation, high light, or elevated CO 2 , plants may accumulate surplus C. For instance, moderate drought inhibits leaf growth but maintains photosynthesis, generating surplus C that could stimulate SNF through increased nodule biomass and SNF rates, even with low plant N demand. Conclusions Therefore, plant C availability may be a key factor regulating SNF. Adopting this surplus C perspective could improve ecological models, particularly for plant-microbial interactions under climate change scenarios. We recommend experimental validation involving isotopic tracing of C and N, and monitoring non-structural carbohydrate pools and SNF under conditions that induce C surplus. We suggest that plant surplus C provides a plausible, parsimonious explanation for many observations and should be considered when interpreting unexpected or paradoxical patterns in SNF.
背景与目的投资回报框架表明,共生固氮(SNF)是碳(C)昂贵的,并且对氮(N)的获取进行了优化,这意味着当N丰富时,它会下调。然而,许多研究揭示了矛盾的发现,高SNF率发生在高氮有效性条件下,通常是在干旱、高光强和二氧化碳浓度升高的条件下。在这里,我们提出了一个替代框架,表明碳分配到SNF至少部分是由植物将多余的碳输送到地下驱动的,而不仅仅是由N需求或可用性解释的。在中度干旱、营养限制、强光或CO 2升高等条件下,植物可能积累多余的C。例如,中度干旱抑制叶片生长,但保持光合作用,产生多余的C,通过增加根瘤生物量和SNF率来刺激SNF,即使在植物N需求较低的情况下。结论植物C的有效性可能是调控SNF的关键因素。采用这种盈余C的观点可以改善生态模型,特别是气候变化情景下植物-微生物相互作用的生态模型。我们建议进行实验验证,包括碳和氮的同位素示踪,以及在诱导碳过剩的条件下监测非结构性碳水化合物池和SNF。我们认为,植物剩余C为许多观测结果提供了一个合理的、简洁的解释,在解释SNF中意想不到的或矛盾的模式时应该考虑到这一点。
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引用次数: 0
Farmyard manure mineralization: field and laboratory insights into manure placement depth and mulching strategies for sustainable maize production 农家肥矿化:对可持续玉米生产的粪肥放置深度和覆盖策略的实地和实验室见解
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-026-08406-w
Sarmad Iqbal, Ahmad Khan, Gulzar Ahmad, Habib Akbar, Dost Muhammad
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引用次数: 0
MdDnaJ107, a member of the DnaJ protein family, positively regulates drought tolerance in apple DnaJ蛋白家族成员MdDnaJ107正调控苹果抗旱性
IF 4.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2026-02-19 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-026-08396-9
Xuanxuan Han, Sen Fang, Yuyao Wei, Bingtao Yang, Jian Jiao, Miaomiao Wang, Kunxi Zhang, Pengbo Hao, Chunhui Song, Xianbo Zheng, Tuanhui Bai
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引用次数: 0
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Plant and Soil
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