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Mixed. PTL/static logic synthesis using genetic algorithms for low-power applications 好坏参半。PTL/静态逻辑合成使用遗传算法的低功耗应用
Pub Date : 2002-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/ISQED.2002.996788
G. Cho, Tom Chen
We present a new mixed pass-transistor logic (PTL) and static CMOS logic synthesis method based on a genetic search. The proposed synthesis method first performs a search for possible matches between a logic structure and a set of predefined PTL/CMOS logic gates using BDDs. The unique contribution of our approach is the use of a genetic algorithm to determine the best mixture of PTL and static cells based on area and power. Our experimental results demonstrate that circuits synthesized using the proposed mixed PTL/CMOS synthesis method outperforms their static counterparts in delay or power consumption or both in a 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS process. The average area, power consumption, and power-delay product of ISCAS85 and MCNC91 benchmark circuits using the proposed method are 25%, 40%, and 45% better than their static counterparts, respectively.
提出了一种新的基于遗传搜索的混合通管逻辑与静态CMOS逻辑综合方法。提出的合成方法首先使用bdd搜索逻辑结构与一组预定义的PTL/CMOS逻辑门之间的可能匹配。我们的方法的独特贡献是使用遗传算法来确定基于面积和功率的PTL和静态单元的最佳混合。我们的实验结果表明,在0.25 /spl μ l /m CMOS工艺下,采用所提出的混合PTL/CMOS合成方法合成的电路在延迟或功耗方面优于静态电路。采用该方法的ISCAS85和MCNC91基准电路的平均面积、功耗和功耗延迟积分别比静态电路高25%、40%和45%。
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引用次数: 6
Trends in low power digital system-on-chip designs 低功耗数字片上系统设计的趋势
Pub Date : 2002-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/ISQED.2002.996775
R. Saleh, G. Lim, T. Kadowaki, K. Uchiyama
A study of the future trends in low-power System-on-Chip (SoC) designs is presented, based on the recently announced ITRS-2001 technology characteristics for both high-performance and low-power devices from 2001 to 2016. We forecast the logic/memory composition of a reference low-power PDA design with an area constraint of 1 cm/sup 2/ using both a bottom-up, power dissipation-constrained chip model and a top-down, design resource-constrained model. Together, these analyses indicate that without accelerated improvements in both chip design productivity and leakage power management, future SoC designs will be comprised of 80-90% memory, with the remaining logic blocks composed of special-purpose reusable IP cores, and a smaller fraction of the chip containing newly designed logic.
基于最近公布的ITRS-2001技术特征,从2001年到2016年,对低功耗片上系统(SoC)设计的未来趋势进行了研究。我们使用自底向上、功耗受限的芯片模型和自顶向下、设计资源受限的模型,预测了一个面积约束为1 cm/sup /的参考低功耗PDA设计的逻辑/内存组成。总之,这些分析表明,如果芯片设计效率和泄漏电源管理没有加速改进,未来的SoC设计将由80-90%的内存组成,剩余的逻辑块由专用可重用IP核组成,芯片中包含新设计逻辑的一小部分。
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引用次数: 21
An EMI-noise analysis on LSI design with impedance estimation 基于阻抗估计的LSI设计emi噪声分析
Pub Date : 2002-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/ISQED.2002.996724
K. Shimazaki, S. Hirano, H. Tsujikawa
The EMI noise of LSI has become more significant factor for LSI reliability. The result of a transistor-level simulator was not compared sufficiently with measurement and needs the final layout. This paper shows an EMI-noise analysis method at the early stage of the LSI design. The spectrum of the power supply current and the frequency response of the LSI estimated impedance are merged analytically at high speed. The current can be calculated at high speed by a gate level simulator with a triangle model. The experimental results show that our method has a high accuracy that is correlated with measurement results. Furthermore, the estimation method of the LSI impedance enables EMI noise prediction at the early stage of LSI design. The information obtained from our method can also help designers to improve LSI and electronic systems design quality.
大规模集成电路的电磁干扰噪声已成为影响大规模集成电路可靠性的重要因素。晶体管级模拟器的结果与测量结果没有充分的比较,需要最终的布局。本文提出了一种在LSI设计初期进行emi噪声分析的方法。将电源电流的频谱和LSI估计阻抗的频率响应进行高速合并分析。采用三角形模型的栅极电平模拟器可以在高速下计算电流。实验结果表明,该方法具有较高的精度,与测量结果相吻合。此外,LSI阻抗的估计方法可以在LSI设计的早期阶段预测EMI噪声。从我们的方法中获得的信息也可以帮助设计者提高LSI和电子系统的设计质量。
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引用次数: 4
Microwave III-V semiconductors for telecommunications and prospective of the III-V industry 电信用微波III-V半导体及III-V产业展望
Pub Date : 2002-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/ISQED.2002.996734
Chan Wu
The microwave III-V semiconductor IC technology (primarily GaAs) has emerged as a powerful enabling technology for wireless and optical communications in the past 5 years. It has been dominating, or making substantial penetration into, the market for handset power amplifiers and switches, advanced wireless LAN RF front-ends and various other key RF components for broadband wireless, wireless infrastructure, satellite telecommunications, high data rate fiber optical communications and automotive radar applications. The microwave III-V semiconductor IC industry has grown dramatically in the past 2-3 years. It is worth noting that the majority of the recently formed GaAs fabs are located in Taiwan. Their intent is to provide pure-play foundry services following the silicon foundry business model developed by TSMC and UMC. In this presentation, we discuss the key components of III-V microwave transistors (HBT, pHEMT and MESFET etc.) and their RFICs/MMICs, their electrical performance, major applications, market status, trends and opportunities. We define the current status for the global III-V semiconductor industry, the rapidly growing GaAs MMIC fab industry in Taiwan and its advantages for providing a one-stop, total solution for wireless and optical communication components customers.
微波III-V半导体IC技术(主要是GaAs)在过去的5年中已经成为无线和光通信的强大使能技术。该公司在手机功率放大器和开关、先进无线局域网射频前端以及用于宽带无线、无线基础设施、卫星电信、高数据速率光纤通信和汽车雷达应用的各种其他关键射频组件市场一直占据主导地位或取得实质性渗透。微波III-V半导体集成电路产业在过去的2-3年里急剧增长。值得注意的是,最近组建的大多数GaAs晶圆厂位于台湾。他们的目的是按照台积电和联华电子开发的硅代工商业模式提供纯晶圆代工服务。在本报告中,我们讨论了III-V型微波晶体管的关键组件(HBT, pHEMT和MESFET等)及其rfic / mmic,它们的电气性能,主要应用,市场现状,趋势和机会。我们定义了全球III-V半导体行业的现状,台湾快速增长的GaAs MMIC晶圆厂行业及其为无线和光通信组件客户提供一站式整体解决方案的优势。
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引用次数: 0
Using the Open Library Architecture (OLA) open source API in heterogeneous design flows 在异构设计流中使用开放库体系结构(OLA)开源API
Pub Date : 2002-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/ISQED.2002.996696
Daniel Moritz
Design and timing closure are critical issues in modern design flows. Industry common library formats like .lib, CLF and TLF do not provide a means to embed arbitrary delay information and complex interconnect algorithms. Designers and silicon providers are at the mercy of these restrictions. Algorithms are applied to characterization data and proprietary interconnect analysis modules to minimize the error when mapping into these formats. The result is that numerous errors creep in to the tools that employ these formats. Often, these inaccuracies force unnecessary design iterations, technology guard banding, and finger pointing between the tool and library providers. With interconnect delay dominating path timing, it is more critical than ever to move past the text based library formats and to an API based solution that provides a way to embed interconnect analysis in the technology models. The Open Library Architecture addresses these issues by implementing an open C API. This API allows the library vendor to implement arbitrary data structures and algorithms. The same OLA module is employed consistently throughout the design flow which eliminates the loops which lead to inaccurate library mapping algorithms.
设计和时序关闭是现代设计流程中的关键问题。像.lib、CLF和TLF这样的行业通用库格式没有提供嵌入任意延迟信息和复杂互连算法的方法。设计人员和芯片供应商受到这些限制的摆布。算法应用于表征数据和专有的互连分析模块,以尽量减少映射到这些格式时的错误。结果是,使用这些格式的工具会出现许多错误。通常,这些不准确性会导致不必要的设计迭代、技术保护,以及工具和库提供者之间的相互指责。在互连延迟主导路径时序的情况下,从基于文本的库格式转向基于API的解决方案比以往任何时候都更加重要,该解决方案提供了一种在技术模型中嵌入互连分析的方法。开放库体系结构通过实现开放的C API来解决这些问题。这个API允许库供应商实现任意的数据结构和算法。在整个设计流程中始终采用相同的OLA模块,从而消除了导致不准确的库映射算法的循环。
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引用次数: 0
Productivity optimization techniques for the proactive semiconductor manufacturer 主动半导体制造商的生产率优化技术
Pub Date : 2002-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/ISQED.2002.996727
D. Maynard
Summary form only given. The experienced semiconductor manufacturer is often confronted by apparently similar products that yield drastically different productivities. The same processes are used to fabricate these chips, yet the manufacturer's costs are clearly different. The customers expect similar pricing and a deviation must be accompanied by a credible explanation. Design for manufacturability (DFM) has become a popular industry term, yet many chip designers are uncertain where to start and what to implement. The semiconductor manufacturer possesses knowledge or suspicions of potential barriers and improvement opportunities. This information must be proactively fed forward to the design shops, which must also budget resources and time to address these items. This presentation describes how this process works, illustrated with examples from IBM Microelectronics' Vermont facility. Before focusing on productivity optimization, a recommended set of metrics is identified, and the concept of physical design characterization is overviewed. Past and existing designs provide excellent historical insight into a large number of issues that are often independent of technology node. While robust technology development objectives strive to minimize the potential manufacturing stumbling blocks, competitive pressures will balance these with other constraints. Ultimately, it is decisions made by a designer that will determine the level of productivity achievable. Much of this presentation is devoted to describing a number of these decisions. In addition, the manufacturer may deploy complex algorithms to adjust the design to process constraints. Another, but more costly solution is for the manufacturer to tailor the process to a specific product, compensating for identified product-technology gaps. Lastly, this presentation ties these concepts together into a recommended business process.
只提供摘要形式。经验丰富的半导体制造商经常会遇到表面上相似的产品,但生产率却大不相同。制造这些芯片的工艺相同,但制造商的成本却明显不同。客户期望类似的定价,如果出现偏差,必须给出可信的解释。可制造性设计(DFM)已经成为一个流行的行业术语,但许多芯片设计人员不确定从哪里开始以及如何实现。半导体制造商了解或怀疑潜在的障碍和改进机会。这些信息必须主动提供给设计室,设计室还必须预算资源和时间来解决这些问题。这个演讲描述了这个过程是如何工作的,用IBM微电子佛蒙特工厂的例子来说明。在关注生产力优化之前,确定了一组推荐的度量标准,并概述了物理设计特征的概念。过去和现有的设计为通常独立于技术节点的大量问题提供了出色的历史洞察力。虽然强大的技术开发目标力求最大限度地减少潜在的制造障碍,但竞争压力将与其他限制相平衡。最终,是设计师做出的决定决定了可实现的生产力水平。这次演讲的大部分内容都是在描述这些决定。此外,制造商可能会部署复杂的算法来调整设计以适应工艺约束。另一种成本更高的解决方案是,制造商为特定产品量身定制流程,以弥补已确定的产品技术差距。最后,本文将这些概念结合到一个推荐的业务流程中。
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引用次数: 0
ESD protection design for mixed-voltage I/O circuit with substrate-triggered technique in sub-quarter-micron CMOS process 亚四分之一微米CMOS工艺中衬底触发技术的混合电压I/O电路ESD保护设计
Pub Date : 2002-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/ISQED.2002.996768
M. Ker, Chien-Hui Chuang, Kuo-Chun Hsu, Wen-Yu Lo
A substrate-triggered technique is proposed to improve ESD protection efficiency of the stacked-NMOS device in the mixed-voltage I/O circuit. The substrate-triggered technique, can further lower the trigger voltage of the stacked-NMOS device to ensure effective ESD protection for the mixed-voltage I/O circuit. The proposed ESD protection circuit with the substrate-triggered technique for 2.5 V/3.3 V tolerant mixed-voltage I/O circuit has been fabricated and verified in a 0.25-/spl mu/m salicided CMOS process. Experimental results have confirmed that the HBM ESD robustness of the mixed-voltage I/O circuit can be increased /spl sim/65% by this substrate-triggered design.
为了提高混合电压I/O电路中堆叠nmos器件的ESD保护效率,提出了一种衬底触发技术。衬底触发技术可以进一步降低堆叠nmos器件的触发电压,确保混合电压I/O电路的有效ESD保护。采用衬底触发技术制备了用于2.5 V/3.3 V容限混合电压I/O电路的ESD保护电路,并在0.25-/spl mu/m盐化CMOS工艺中进行了验证。实验结果表明,通过衬底触发设计,混合电压I/O电路的HBM ESD稳健性可提高65%。
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引用次数: 10
Advancing quality of EDA software 提高EDA软件质量
Pub Date : 2002-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/ISQED.2002.996699
G. Ben-Yaacov, P. Suratkar, M. Holliday, K. Bartleson
In the fast-paced electronics market, design engineers face incredible challenges to keep up with increasing technology complexity and time-to market pressures. Under these challenges, design engineers have been saying that quality issues with their EDA software tools cost them dearly in lost productivity and in missing tight deadlines. Therefore, improving the quality of EDA software tools and processes is essential to the designers' success. Our paper describes a proven methodology for implementation of an effective quality management system (QMS) for driving quality improvements in the EDA industry. The paper provide real-life examples of how this quality management system contributed to improvements in the quality of many EDA software tools that were developed by a leading EDA tool supplier. The positive results of the software process improvement effort demonstrated that investing in quality does pay. Effective implementation of the quality management system described in this paper has reduced software bugs and defects, produced improvements in meeting commitments, and contributed to the overall increase in customer satisfaction.
在快节奏的电子市场中,设计工程师面临着难以置信的挑战,以跟上日益增加的技术复杂性和市场时间压力。在这些挑战下,设计工程师一直在说,EDA软件工具的质量问题使他们在生产力损失和错过紧迫的截止日期方面付出了高昂的代价。因此,提高EDA软件工具和过程的质量对设计人员的成功至关重要。我们的论文描述了一种有效的质量管理系统(QMS)的实施方法,以推动EDA行业的质量改进。本文提供了一些现实生活中的例子,说明这个质量管理系统是如何促进由一个领先的EDA工具供应商开发的许多EDA软件工具的质量改进的。软件过程改进工作的积极结果表明,对质量的投资是值得的。本文中描述的质量管理体系的有效实施减少了软件错误和缺陷,在满足承诺方面产生了改进,并有助于客户满意度的全面提高。
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引用次数: 5
Organization of a microprocessor design process using Internet-based interoperable workflows 使用基于internet的可互操作工作流组织微处理器设计过程
Pub Date : 2002-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/ISQED.2002.996780
N. Q. Trung, A. Kokoszka, K. Siekierska, A. Pawlak, D. Obrebski, Norbert Lugowski
The paper presents a new approach towards large system design in distributed teams based on a workflow technology. The techniques applied introduce interoperability among design tools across computing platforms and organization borders. They result in an improved quality of wide area engineering collaboration. After a short discussion about selected aspects of the applied workflow technology from an electronic design engineers' perspective, an Internet-based distributed design process of IP components with emphasis on specific elements of microprocessor designs is introduced. As an example, we present a workflow that enables integration and interoperability of selected IP design tasks, represented as parallel and serial sets of the workflow activities. The workflows that were employed in the design process had been developed for the purpose of design task integration in the pan-European project E-Colleg. They can be effectively adopted by distributed teams working on multiple sites, multiple platforms for remote project management.
本文提出了一种基于工作流技术的分布式团队大型系统设计新方法。所应用的技术引入了跨计算平台和组织边界的设计工具之间的互操作性。它们提高了广域工程协作的质量。在从电子设计工程师的角度对应用工作流技术的选定方面进行了简短的讨论之后,介绍了基于internet的IP组件分布式设计过程,重点介绍了微处理器设计的具体元素。作为一个例子,我们提出了一个工作流,它支持选定的IP设计任务的集成和互操作性,表示为工作流活动的并行和串行集。设计过程中使用的工作流程是为泛欧项目e - college的设计任务集成而开发的。它们可以被在多个站点、多个平台上工作的分布式团队有效地采用,用于远程项目管理。
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引用次数: 2
Modeling and design of a low-voltage SOI suspended-gate MOSFET (SG-MOSFET) with a metal-over-gate architecture 金属过闸结构的低压SOI悬栅MOSFET (SG-MOSFET)的建模与设计
Pub Date : 2002-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/ISQED.2002.996794
A. Ionescu, V. Pott, R. Fritschi, K. Banerjee, M. Declercq, P. Renaud, C. Hibert, P. Fluckiger, G. Racine
A novel MEMS device architecture: the SOI SG-MOSFET, which combines a solid-state MOS transistor and a suspended metal membrane in a unique metal-over-gate architecture, is proposed. A unified physical analytical model (weak, moderate and strong inversions) is developed and used to investigate main electrostatic characteristics in order to provide first-order design criteria for low-voltage operation and high-performance. It is demonstrated that the use of a thin gate oxide (<20 nm) is essential for a high C/sub on//C/sub off/ ratio (>100) and a low spring constant (<100 N/m) is needed for low voltage (<5 V) actuation. An adapted fabrication process is reported.
提出了一种新的MEMS器件结构:SOI SG-MOSFET,它将固态MOS晶体管和悬浮金属膜结合在一个独特的金属过闸结构中。建立了一个统一的物理分析模型(弱、中、强反转),并用于研究主要静电特性,为低压运行和高性能提供一阶设计准则。结果表明,低电压(<5 V)驱动需要使用薄栅极氧化物(100)和低弹簧常数(<100 N/m)。本文报道了一种适用的制造工艺。
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引用次数: 81
期刊
Proceedings International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design
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