Sensors and Actuators A-physical最新文献_第8页

Highly sensitive and selective ethanol detection at low temperature via pulse laser deposited V₂O₅ thin film 通过脉冲激光沉积V₂O₅薄膜在低温下进行高灵敏度和选择性乙醇检测

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117513

Rohit Kumar , Puja Ghosh , Anurag Gupta , C.S. Prajapati

This study presents a highly sensitive, selective, and stable ethanol sensor based on an amorphous V₂O₅ thin film deposited via pulsed laser deposition technique. The sensor operates effectively at a low temperature of 100 °C under low bias voltage of 5 V, achieving a detection limit of 40 ppm. Detailed characterization of thin film sensor was investigated using XRD, TG-DTA, Raman spectroscopy, FESEM, AFM, and XPS. UV-PL spectroscopy reveals an optical band gap of 2.7 eV, further indicating the presence of oxygen vacancies. I–V measurements demonstrate Ohmic-type conduction behavior. The sensor shows a consistent and robust ethanol response of ∼106 % to 120 ppm ethanol, with rapid response and recovery times of ∼13 s and ∼19 s, respectively. It also displays exceptional selectivity over interfering gases such as CH₄, C₂H₆CO, NH₃, NO₂, and CO, with a sensitivity of approximately 100 % at lowest 40 ppm concentration. Additionally, the device maintains high repeatability and long term operational stability across multiple testing cycles and sustained monitoring over 60 days. These findings underscore the potential of amorphous V₂O₅ thin films for ethanol sensing applications in industrial safety, environmental surveillance, and medical diagnostics in breath-based disease detection.

本研究提出了一种高灵敏度，选择性和稳定的乙醇传感器，该传感器基于通过脉冲激光沉积技术沉积的无定形V₂O₅薄膜。该传感器在5 V的低偏置电压下有效工作在100°C的低温下，达到40 ppm的检测限。采用XRD、TG-DTA、拉曼光谱、FESEM、AFM和XPS对薄膜传感器进行了详细表征。紫外- pl光谱显示了2.7 eV的光学带隙，进一步表明了氧空位的存在。I-V测量显示欧姆型传导行为。该传感器对乙醇的响应为~ 106 %至120 ppm乙醇，具有一致和稳健的乙醇响应，快速响应和恢复时间分别为~ 13 s和~ 19 s。它还对CH₄，C₂H₆CO, NH₃，NO₂和CO等干扰气体表现出优异的选择性，在最低40 ppm浓度下，灵敏度约为100% %。此外，该设备在多个测试周期和超过60天的持续监测中保持高重复性和长期运行稳定性。这些发现强调了无定形V₂O₅薄膜在工业安全，环境监测和基于呼吸的疾病检测中的医疗诊断中的乙醇传感应用的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Theoretical analysis and design improvement of nonlinearity in capacitive accelerometers 电容式加速度计非线性特性的理论分析与设计改进

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117480

Jiacheng Li , Rui Feng , Ming Zhou , Xinlian Shang , Xiaoyi Wang , Huikai Xie

This paper systematically conducts theoretical analysis, structural improvement design, finite element simulation verification, and mathematical compensation model research focusing on the nonlinear characteristics of capacitive comb-drive accelerometers. First, the structural design and fabrication process of the accelerometer are presented. Then, the generation mechanism of nonlinear errors is theoretically analyzed from three dimensions: structural design, fabrication error, and testing. Research results show that: the mass bias displacement, unilateral deformation of the substrate, and installation errors significantly increase the sensitivity asymmetry of the accelerometer, further leading to the deterioration of nonlinearity. This paper proposes a single-anchor layout design with parallel arrangement in the sensing direction. Finite element simulation confirms that the nonlinearity of the improved accelerometer caused by mass bias displacement is reduced by 96.36 %; under the same substrate bending amount, the nonlinearity of the improved accelerometer is reduced by 34.72 %. To address the installation error issue, a corresponding mathematical compensation model is constructed. Within the operating range of comb finger gap variation of ±7 %, the nonlinearity of the compensated open-loop accelerometer is reduced by 67.11 %, which can be stably controlled below 900 ppm.

本文针对电容式梳状驱动加速度计的非线性特性，系统地进行了理论分析、结构改进设计、有限元仿真验证和数学补偿模型研究。首先介绍了加速度计的结构设计和制造过程。然后从结构设计、制造误差和测试三个维度对非线性误差的产生机理进行了理论分析。研究结果表明：质量偏置位移、基片单边变形、安装误差等因素显著增加了加速度计的灵敏度不对称性，进一步导致非线性恶化。本文提出了一种传感方向平行布置的单锚点布局设计。有限元仿真结果表明，改进后的加速度计由质量偏差位移引起的非线性降低了96.36 %；在基材弯曲量相同的情况下，改进后的加速度计非线性度降低了34.72 %。针对安装误差问题，建立了相应的数学补偿模型。在梳指间隙变化±7 %的工作范围内，补偿后的开环加速度计的非线性降低了67.11 %，可稳定控制在900 ppm以下。

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引用次数: 0

Structural optimization and fabrication of gradient ZnO piezoelectric thin film based smart bolts 梯度ZnO压电薄膜智能螺栓的结构优化与制造

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117509

Xingyun Jin , Youjiang Li , Bo Dai , Yeming Shi , Zhihan Chen , Qingxiong Cui , Yong Wang

Preload loss readily results in bolted connection structural failure and safety accidents. This study addressed critical problems associated with the existing bolt preload monitoring technology. An optimized smart bolted structure was proposed, and a preparation method was adopted based on the gradient ZnO piezoelectric film. Multi-physics finite element simulation analysis was conducted to optimize ZnO film thickness, diameter, Ag electrode thickness, and excitation frequency. The results show that the increased ZnO film thickness significantly improved the echo signal intensity. The smaller diameter of the ZnO film enhanced sensitivity by overcoming noise suppression. The signal strength and noise control were considered with a 5 μm Ag electrode. With an excitation frequency of 5–10 MHz, the piezoelectric effect matched the resonant frequency, resulting in optimal signal conversion efficiency. Based on the simulation results, a gradient ZnO piezoelectric film was prepared (5 mm in diameter and 9 μm thick) through magnetron sputtering. Experimental results show that the echo signal strength of the gradient smart bolt (378 mV) is 7.4 times that of the non-gradient one (51 mV), and the SNR was increased from ∼17.84 dB to ∼31.70 dB, indicating a remarkable noise suppression effect. This study provides theoretical and technical support for the real-time monitoring of bolt preloading with high precision and low noise, thereby promoting the reliability of smart bolts in engineering applications.

预紧力损失容易导致螺栓连接结构破坏和安全事故。本研究解决了与现有锚杆预紧力监测技术相关的关键问题。提出了一种优化的智能螺栓结构，并采用了一种基于梯度ZnO压电薄膜的制备方法。通过多物理场有限元模拟分析，优化了ZnO薄膜厚度、直径、Ag电极厚度和激励频率。结果表明，ZnO薄膜厚度的增加显著提高了回波信号强度。较小的ZnO薄膜直径克服了噪声抑制，提高了灵敏度。考虑了5 μm Ag电极的信号强度和噪声控制。当激励频率为5 ~ 10 MHz时，压电效应与谐振频率匹配，信号转换效率最佳。基于仿真结果，采用磁控溅射法制备了直径为5 mm、厚度为9 μm的梯度ZnO压电薄膜。实验结果表明，梯度智能螺栓的回波信号强度（378 mV）是非梯度智能螺栓（51 mV）的7.4倍，信噪比从~ 17.84 dB提高到~ 31.70 dB，噪声抑制效果显著。本研究为螺栓预压的高精度、低噪声实时监测提供理论和技术支持，从而提高智能螺栓在工程应用中的可靠性。

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引用次数: 0

1,10-phenanthroline-modified silver-coated D-shaped optical fiber SPR sensor for selective and rapid detection of Fe²⁺ ions in corrosion environments 1,10-菲罗啉修饰的镀银d型光纤SPR传感器，用于腐蚀环境中选择性、快速检测Fe 2 +离子

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117491

Yaning Wang , Dong Luo , Zhongxiao Song , Xiaodong Zhu , Zhixin Guo , Ziming Xu

In this study, a surface plasmon resonance(SPR) sensor based on a phenanthroline self-assembled layer–modified silver-coated D-shaped plastic optical fiber (POF) was developed for the selective and real-time detection of Fe²⁺ ions in corrosive environments. The sensor structure was modeled and analyzed using COMSOL Multiphysics, with finite element simulations of the optical field to optimize the parameters of the fiber core, cladding, and metal film layers. The effective refractive index and near-field distribution of the plasmonic modes were systematically investigated.Simulation results indicated that when the silver film thickness was 40 nm and the phenanthroline molecular layer thickness was approximately 7 nm, the localized electric field confinement at the metal–dielectric interface was significantly enhanced, thereby improving resonance stability and sensitivity.Experimental results showed that the sensor exhibited a strong linear response toward Fe²⁺ within the concentration range of 120 pg·mL⁻¹ –1.2 μg·mL⁻¹ , with a resonance wavelength sensitivity of 3.832 nm·log(pg·mL⁻¹)⁻¹ and a corresponding refractive index sensitivity of 6669 nm·RIU⁻¹ . The limit of detection (LOD) reached 1.6 pg·mL⁻¹ , and the response time was approximately 10 s.The sensor showed excellent selectivity toward Fe²⁺ ions, with a pronounced spectral response compared to other commonly coexisting metal ions, such as Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Ni²⁺, Hg²⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺.By combining multilayer structural synergy with chelation-based interfacial recognition, the proposed phenanthroline-modified D-shaped fiber SPR sensor exhibits high sensitivity, rapid response, and outstanding selectivity, highlighting its applicability for early-stage corrosion monitoring of underground and subsea metallic pipelines.

在本研究中，基于菲罗啉自组装层修饰镀银d型塑料光纤（POF）开发了一种表面等离子体共振（SPR）传感器，用于在腐蚀环境中选择性和实时检测Fe 2 +离子。利用COMSOL Multiphysics对传感器结构进行了建模和分析，并对光场进行了有限元模拟，优化了光纤芯、包层和金属膜层的参数。系统地研究了等离子体模的有效折射率和近场分布。仿真结果表明，当银膜厚度为40 nm，邻菲罗啉分子层厚度约为7 nm时，金属-介电界面的局域电场约束明显增强，从而提高了谐振稳定性和灵敏度。实验结果表明，该传感器对Fe 2⁺在120 pg·mL⁻¹ -1.2 μg·mL⁻¹ 的浓度范围内表现出较好的线性响应，共振波长灵敏度为3.832 nm·log（pg·mL⁻¹）⁻¹ ，对应的折射率灵敏度为6669 nm·RIU⁻¹ 。检测限（LOD）为1.6 pg·mL⁻¹ ，反应时间约为10 s。该传感器对Fe 2 +离子表现出优异的选择性，与其他常见的共存金属离子（如Cu 2 +、Zn 2 +、Ni 2 +、Hg 2 +、Ca 2 +和Mg 2 +）相比，具有明显的光谱响应。通过将多层结构协同作用与螯合界面识别相结合，提出的邻菲罗啉修饰的d型光纤SPR传感器具有高灵敏度、快速响应和出色的选择性，突出了其在地下和海底金属管道早期腐蚀监测中的适用性。

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引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence-enabled MOS gas sensors: Towards Selective and intelligent detection in complex environments 支持人工智能的MOS气体传感器：在复杂环境中实现选择性和智能检测

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117502

Gen Li , Sunghoon Park , Hyojung Kim , Muhammad Hilal , Zhicheng Cai

Metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors are widely studied for their low cost, simple fabrication, and high sensitivity to a broad range of analytes. Despite decades of progress, their broader deployment remains constrained by poor selectivity, environmental variability, signal drift, and poor inter device reproducibility. Artificial intelligence (AI) has recently emerged as a promising strategy to overcome these limitations by extracting meaningful information from complex sensor responses and enabling predictive and adaptive behavior. This review highlights the convergence of MOS gas sensing with AI. We first revisit the fundamental operating principles of MOS sensors and explain why conventional approaches often underperform in real world settings. We then summarize key AI methods, including classical machine learning, deep learning, and more recent technologies, while analyzing their respective strengths and limitations for gas sensing tasks. Particular emphasis is placed on integration strategies such as single sensor enhancement, sensor array fusion, drift correction, AI guided materials and device design, and lightweight on device deployment. We further examine application domains where AI-enhanced MOS sensors demonstrate clear advantages, including environmental monitoring, healthcare diagnostics, food safety, industrial safety, and Internet of Things (IoT) systems. Finally, we discuss ongoing challenges related to data scarcity, model generalization, interpretability, and scalability, and we outline future directions for developing intelligent, reliable, and large-scale MOS sensing ecosystems.

金属氧化物半导体（MOS）气体传感器因其成本低、制造简单、对各种分析物的高灵敏度而受到广泛的研究。尽管几十年来取得了进展，但它们的广泛部署仍然受到选择性差、环境可变性、信号漂移和设备间可重复性差的限制。通过从复杂的传感器响应中提取有意义的信息，并实现预测和自适应行为，人工智能（AI）最近成为克服这些限制的一种有前途的策略。本文综述了MOS气体传感与人工智能的融合。我们首先回顾了MOS传感器的基本工作原理，并解释了为什么传统方法在现实世界中往往表现不佳。然后，我们总结了关键的人工智能方法，包括经典机器学习、深度学习和最新技术，同时分析了它们各自在气体传感任务中的优势和局限性。特别强调的是集成策略，如单传感器增强、传感器阵列融合、漂移校正、人工智能引导材料和设备设计，以及设备部署的轻量化。我们进一步研究了人工智能增强的MOS传感器显示出明显优势的应用领域，包括环境监测、医疗诊断、食品安全、工业安全和物联网（IoT）系统。最后，我们讨论了与数据稀缺性、模型泛化、可解释性和可扩展性相关的持续挑战，并概述了开发智能、可靠和大规模MOS传感生态系统的未来方向。

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引用次数: 0

Wearable sensors for real-time microclimate monitoring in plants 用于植物微气候实时监测的可穿戴传感器

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117498

Vandana Ramakrishnan, Lekshmi Vijayan

The emerging interest in precision farming among scientific communities is rapidly evolving due to increasing food demand and abating climatic conditions. Alleviating plant stress to ensure crop health is a major concern among farmers. Plant stress, typically abiotic stress, is known to cause major losses in agriculture worldwide. This paper reviews the wearable sensors designed for ambient monitoring of abiotic stress responses generated in plants. Various stress types encountered in plants along with their classification, the parameters taken into consideration for microclimate monitoring, and their physiological effects have been discussed. Different types of wearable plant sensors for detecting parameters such as temperature, humidity, light, nutrients, phytohormones, volatile organic compounds, glucose, and strain are considered here. The wearable sensors designed for each parameter, the materials utilized, and sensor metrics have been provided. Sensor responses when subjected to real-time monitoring in fields have also been considered. The challenges faced and future research possibilities are also identified.

由于粮食需求的增加和气候条件的恶化，科学界对精准农业的兴趣正在迅速发展。减轻植物压力以确保作物健康是农民关注的主要问题。众所周知，植物胁迫，特别是非生物胁迫，在世界范围内造成重大农业损失。本文综述了用于植物非生物胁迫响应环境监测的可穿戴传感器。本文讨论了植物所遇到的各种胁迫类型及其分类、微气候监测中应考虑的参数及其生理效应。不同类型的可穿戴植物传感器用于检测参数，如温度，湿度，光，营养物质，植物激素，挥发性有机化合物，葡萄糖和菌株在这里被考虑。给出了针对每个参数设计的可穿戴传感器、所使用的材料和传感器指标。还考虑了传感器在现场实时监测时的响应。还确定了面临的挑战和未来研究的可能性。

引用次数: 0

Multi-modal dual-functional integrated microwave-microfluidic sensor with both resonant and capacitive characteristics for cancer cell detection 具有谐振和电容特性的多模态双功能集成微波微流控传感器用于癌细胞检测

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117494

Tian Qiang , Wen-Yi Zhu , Yan-Xiong Wang , Wen Jiang , Jun-Shuai Wu , Yan-Feng Jiang , Qi-Gao Fan , Xiaoman Zhou

In this study, a multi-modal dual-functional microwave-microfluidic biosensing system integrating an interdigital resonant and capacitive sensor with a microfluidic chip was constructed, aiming at simultaneous label-free sorting and concentration detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). The microfluidic chip utilizes a spiral channel design, which leverages the effect of hydrodynamic forces to efficiently sort CTCs from complex cell mixtures and ensure high-purity separation of target cells. Meanwhile, the interdigital microwave sensor equipped with unique forked finger structure captures cell-induced changes in resonance amplitude and capacitance via a multi-modal (resonance and capacitance) detection mechanism, enabling the detection of CTCs concentration after sorting for subsequent quantification. Furthermore, a deep learning-based data fusion network is employed to analyze the resonant and capacitive signals, enhancing the accuracy and robustness of the concentration measurement. The experimental results validated the excellent performance of the integrated microwave-microfluidic biosensing system: the sorting efficiency of the microfluidic chip for CTCs reached 82.4 %, meeting the requirement for subsequent target cell enrichment detection; the finger-inserted microwave sensor exhibited concentration response sensitivity via multimodal detection with sensitivities of 0.49 dB/10⁴×mL⁻¹ and 2.01 pF/10⁴×mL⁻¹, respectively, which confirms its capability to accurately quantify CTCs concentrations. The integrated system does not require fluorescent labeling or invasive treatments, and can achieve label-free, rapid, and highly efficient sorting and detection of CTCs. This system holds promising potential in biomedical fields such as early cancer diagnosis, prognostic monitoring, and liquid biopsy, providing valuable technological support for clinical practice.

本研究构建了一种多模态双功能微波-微流控生物传感系统，该系统将数字间谐振和电容传感器与微流控芯片相结合，旨在同时对循环肿瘤细胞（CTCs）进行无标记分选和浓度检测。微流控芯片采用螺旋通道设计，利用流体动力的影响，从复杂的细胞混合物中有效地分选ctc，并确保目标细胞的高纯度分离。同时，具有独特叉指结构的数字间微波传感器通过多模态（共振和电容）检测机制捕捉细胞诱导的共振幅度和电容变化，从而检测分选后的ctc浓度，进行后续定量。此外，采用基于深度学习的数据融合网络对谐振和电容信号进行分析，提高了浓度测量的准确性和鲁棒性。实验结果验证了微波-微流控集成生物传感系统的优异性能：微流控芯片对ctc的分选效率达到82.4 %，满足后续靶细胞富集检测的要求；手指插入式微波传感器通过多模态检测显示出浓度响应灵敏度，其灵敏度分别为0.49 dB/10⁴×mL⁻¹和2.01 pF/10⁴×mL⁻¹，证实了其准确量化ctc浓度的能力。该集成系统不需要荧光标记或侵入性处理，可实现无标记、快速、高效的ctc分选检测。该系统在癌症早期诊断、预后监测、液体活检等生物医学领域具有广阔的应用前景，为临床实践提供了宝贵的技术支持。

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引用次数: 0

Electrochemical aptasensor for non-invasive detection of lactoferrin: A potential biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease 用于无创检测乳铁蛋白的电化学感应传感器：阿尔茨海默病的潜在生物标志物

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117504

Damini Verma , Aadi Jeevaraj , B.S. Unnikrishnan , Devesh Bhimsaria , Gopinath Packirisamy

Here, we report the fabrication of a reusable, label-free, non-invasive, and reagent-less aptasensor for direct electrochemical detection of lactoferrin (LF), a significant biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The sensor was constructed by immobilizing thiolated aptamer of LF on a gold screen-printed electrode (AuSPE), followed by backfilling 6-Mercapto-1-hexanol (MCH) to form the MCH/Apt-LF/AuSPE aptasensor. The aptasensor was characterized using FESEM, FTIR, DPV, EIS and CV techniques. It revealed broad linear detection from 0.001 to 500 μg/mL, with a sensitivity of 13.072 μA [log₁₀ (μg/mL)]⁻¹ cm⁻² along with a very low detection limit of 0.0007 μg/mL and limit of quantification of 0.0024 µg/mL as per the DPV technique. It showed remarkable reproducibility and selectivity towards varying interferents found in saliva, offering fast, reagent-less, and sensitive determination of LF in AD evaluation. Additionally, the fabricated aptasensor exhibited an acceptable %RSD, remaining below 8.88% for the spiked artificial saliva sample. The developed platform shows promise for extension to the early, non-invasive diagnosis of other neurodegenerative disorders.

在这里，我们报道了一种可重复使用、无标签、无创、无试剂的适配体传感器的制造，用于直接电化学检测乳铁蛋白（LF），这是阿尔茨海默病（AD）的重要生物标志物。该传感器是通过在金丝网印刷电极（AuSPE）上固定巯基化的LF适配体，然后回填6-巯基-1-己醇（MCH）形成MCH/Apt-LF/AuSPE适配体构建的。利用FESEM、FTIR、DPV、EIS和CV等技术对该传感器进行了表征。结果表明，DPV技术在0.001 ~ 500 μg/mL范围内具有较宽的线性检测范围，灵敏度为13.072 μA [log10 (μg/mL)]−1 cm−2，检出限为0.0007 μg/mL，定量限为0.0024 μg/mL。该方法对唾液中发现的各种干扰素具有显著的重复性和选择性，可快速、少试剂、灵敏地测定AD评价中的LF。此外，制备的配体传感器显示出可接受的%RSD，在加标的人工唾液样品中保持在8.88%以下。该开发的平台有望扩展到其他神经退行性疾病的早期、非侵入性诊断。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-field tuning of photocurrents in single phase multiferroic BLFCT thin films 单相多铁BLFCT薄膜中光电流的多场调谐

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117507

Ji Luo, Peng Zhou, Yuxiong Cao, Tianjin Zhang, Jinzhao Wang, Yajun Qi

Multiferroic materials, exhibiting both ferroelectric and ferromagnetic order, have garnered significant interest for optoelectronic applications. Ferroelectricity provides spontaneous polarization and photoresponse capabilities, while ferromagnetism introduces magneto-optical coupling effects, giving these materials distinct advantages in multifunctional device design. This study investigates the manipulation of photocurrent via multiple fields (electric and magnetic) in single phase multiferroic Bi₄LaFe_0.7Co_0.3Ti₃O₁₅ (BLFCT) thin films towards self-powered ultraviolet photodetector. High-quality multiferroic BLFCT thin films were fabricated on Nb:SrTiO₃ (NSTO) substrates using pulsed laser deposition, forming Pt/BLFCT/NSTO heterojunctions. Under 365 nm ultraviolet illumination, the device exhibited significant self-powered characteristics, achieving a zero-bias photocurrent density of 39.354 μA/cm² and an on/off ratio exceeding 450. Moreover, the photocurrent could be further enhanced by up to 20 % through the application of a magnetic field, demonstrating the multi-field tunability of the device. Further investigations revealed that the switchable ferroelectric polarization modulates the strength of the effective internal electric field, which dominates the separation and transportation of the photocarriers. Moreover, the magnetostrictive effect and the magnetoelectric coupling-induced ferroelectric polarization promote the separation and transport of photogenerated carriers, thereby enhancing the overall photoresponse performance. This work establishes a promising strategy for employing multiferroic materials in low-power-consumption UV detection applications.

多铁性材料，同时表现出铁电和铁磁有序，已经引起了光电应用的极大兴趣。铁电性提供自发极化和光响应能力，而铁磁性引入磁光耦合效应，使这些材料在多功能器件设计中具有明显的优势。本研究研究了在单相多铁Bi4LaFe0.7Co0.3Ti3O15 （BLFCT）薄膜中，通过多个场（电场和磁场）对自供电紫外光电探测器的光电流操纵。采用脉冲激光沉积技术在Nb:SrTiO3 （NSTO）衬底上制备了高质量的多铁BLFCT薄膜，形成了Pt/BLFCT/NSTO异质结。在365 nm紫外光照射下，器件表现出明显的自供电特性，零偏置光电流密度达到39.354 μA/cm²，通断比超过450。此外，通过施加磁场，光电流可以进一步增强高达20% %，证明了该器件的多场可调性。进一步的研究表明，铁电极化可调节有效内电场的强度，控制着光载流子的分离和输运。此外，磁致伸缩效应和磁电耦合诱导的铁电极化促进了光生载流子的分离和输运，从而提高了整体光响应性能。这项工作为在低功耗紫外检测应用中使用多铁性材料建立了一个有前途的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Single-sided capacitive pressure sensor with tunable performance over a wide pressure range 单面电容压力传感器，在宽压力范围内具有可调性能

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117501

Vanessa Barton , Hridyesh Tewani , Xiangyu Sun , Christian Franck , Pavana Prabhakar , Joseph Andrews

Flexible pressure sensors have a wide range of applications, including human body monitoring and robotic control. Recent work has focused on developing pressure sensors that excel at measuring pressure in the ultrasensitive range, often with parallel plate piezocapacitive sensors and a dielectric that relies on pores or microstructures. However, these approaches have a few drawbacks, including a limited pressure range and high complexity, leading to expensive and time-consuming manufacturing. To mitigate these problems, here we demonstrate the fabrication of a low-cost, flexible, interdigitated electrode (IDE) pressure sensor with an overlaid layered elastomer composed of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and barium titanate (BaTiO₃). The elastomers are manipulated by modifying the mixing ratio, curing temperature, and incorporation of BaTiO₃. Characterization of these elastomers under compression at two strain rates allows for insight into their behavior and the tunability of the layered macrostructure. Additionally, the IDE geometry is explored with emphasis on the effect of the number of fingers, finger length, finger width, and gap width. As a result, the leading IDE geometry can be tuned to work in a lower pressure range with a higher sensitivity of 1.654 % kPa⁻¹ from 0 to 10 kPa and 0.053 % kPa⁻¹ from 10 to 100 kPa, or in a larger range with a sensitivity of 0.53 % kPa⁻¹ from 0 to 10 kPa, 0.112 % kPa⁻¹ from 10 to 100 kPa, and 0.009 % kPa⁻¹ from 100 to 500 kPa. The results from all IDE designs are analyzed to fundamentally understand the importance of each geometric parameter for optimizing sensitivity and pressure range.

柔性压力传感器具有广泛的应用，包括人体监测和机器人控制。最近的工作重点是开发在超灵敏范围内擅长测量压力的压力传感器，通常采用平行板压电容传感器和依赖于孔隙或微结构的电介质。然而，这些方法有一些缺点，包括有限的压力范围和高复杂性，导致昂贵和耗时的制造。为了缓解这些问题，我们在这里展示了一种低成本、柔性、交叉电极（IDE）压力传感器的制造，该传感器具有由聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）和钛酸钡（BaTiO3）组成的覆盖层状弹性体。通过改变混合比、固化温度和BaTiO3的掺入来控制弹性体。对这些弹性体在两种应变速率下的压缩特性进行表征，可以深入了解它们的行为和层状宏观结构的可调性。此外，IDE的几何图形是探索的重点是手指的数量，手指的长度，手指的宽度和间隙宽度的影响。因此，领先的IDE几何结构可以调整为在较低的压力范围内工作，灵敏度为1.654 % kPa−1从0到10 kPa和0.053 % kPa−1从10到100 kPa，或在更大的范围内灵敏度为0.53 % kPa−1从0到10 kPa， 0.112 % kPa−1从10到100 kPa和0.009 % kPa−1从100到500 kPa。对所有IDE设计的结果进行分析，从根本上了解每个几何参数对优化灵敏度和压力范围的重要性。

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