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GENRE DESCRIPTION OF THE WORK A.P. VALUEVA-MUNT’S «ON THE GREAT RUSSIAN RIVER» 作品的体裁描述a.p. valueva-munt的«在伟大的俄罗斯河»
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21672/1818-4936-2021-79-3-133-137
K. IRINA N., B. MARINA V.
The subject of the article is the text of A.P. Valueva-Mount’s «Along the Great Russian River». The study is based on the analysis of genres that became widespread in publicistic and popular science speech in the 19th century, identifying their dominant features. The analyzed text is the result of interaction in the literary process of non-artistic genres - essay and guidebook. An attempt is made to substantiate the appeal of the writer to genres-prototypes, conditioned by the communicative intention of the author and the orientation towards the addressee - a teenage reader.
本文的主题是A.P. Valueva-Mount的《沿着俄罗斯大河》的文本。这项研究是基于对19世纪在公共演讲和科普演讲中广泛使用的文体的分析,确定了它们的主要特征。所分析的文本是散文和旅游指南这两种非艺术类型在文学过程中相互作用的结果。作者试图证实作者对体裁原型的吸引力,这种吸引力受作者的交际意图和对收件人(青少年读者)的取向的制约。
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引用次数: 0
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH ADVERTISING TEXTS 俄语和英语广告文本的比较分析
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21672/1818-4936-2021-80-4-091-096
YU.V. Ocheredko, Ukhanova A.M.
The purpose of the study is to reveal the essence of the advertising text in English-speaking countries and in Russia. The article focuses not only on the differences, but also on the similarities in the construction of slogans. The influence of parts of speech on motivation when buying a certain product or service is determined. The scientific novelty consists in the consideration of English-language and Russian-language advertising texts on the same basis, the identification of distortion of advertising slogans in the translation process. As a result of the study, the distinctive features of English-language and Russian-language media texts were identified. It is emphasized that, depending on the language in which the media text is presented, the method of presenting the material is modified. Based on the analysis, it was revealed that the English-speaking audience is more liberated, as a result, the advertising message is presented in a free and open form, often with elements of humor. The Russian-speaking audience prefers a more accurate advertising text, minimizing the use of slang.
本研究的目的是揭示英语国家和俄罗斯广告语篇的本质。本文不仅着眼于两者在口号建构上的差异,也着眼于两者在口号建构上的相似之处。确定词性对购买某种产品或服务的动机的影响。科学的新颖性在于在同等的基础上考虑英语和俄语广告文本,识别广告标语在翻译过程中的失真。研究结果确定了英语和俄语媒体文本的特点。需要强调的是,根据呈现媒介文本的语言,呈现材料的方法也会有所改变。在分析的基础上发现,英语受众更加自由,因此,广告信息以自由开放的形式呈现,往往带有幽默元素。说俄语的观众更喜欢更准确的广告文本,尽量减少俚语的使用。
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引用次数: 0
TO THE QUESTION ABOUT THE PRINCIPLES OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF TOPONYMS 关于地名分类原则的问题
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21672/1818-4936-2021-80-4-100-104
I. Romanova, O. Konnova
Toponyms represent language units denoting elements of topographic environment. Toponymy is a bridge connecting geography and linguistics. The study of this kind of terms requires not only knowledge of the history of the emergence of geographical objects, but also the linguistic features of the language. The relevance of the study is caused by the need to develop the theory of toponymy and to systematize all the existing toponymic classifications. Classifying toponymic nominations, one must consider the multifaceted (intra- and extra-linguistic) principles of allocation of toponymic units. This article examines the classifications of foreign authors, proposed in various historical periods, personifying views on the problems of typologization of toponyms.
地名是表示地形环境要素的语言单位。地名是连接地理学和语言学的桥梁。研究这类术语不仅需要了解地理对象的出现历史,还需要了解语言的语言特征。该研究的相关性是由于需要发展地名理论并使现有的所有地名分类系统化。对地名命名进行分类时,必须考虑到地名单位分配的多方面(语言内和语言外)原则。本文考察了外国作家在不同历史时期提出的分类,并对地名类型学问题提出了人格化的看法。
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引用次数: 0
SEMANTIC CLASSIFICATION AND CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL CONTENT OF OTANTHROPONYMIC GODONYMS AND AGORONYMS IN STOCKHOLM 斯德哥尔摩人名同义词和词异义词的语义分类和文化历史内容
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21672/1818-4936-2020-76-4-195-205
U. P. Prirodina
This article is devoted to the consideration of otanthroponymic godonyms and agoronyms of Stockholm, containing the components-gata , -gränd , -väg , -torg , - plan , -backe taking into account semantics and cultural content. In the linguistic aspect, the definition of semantic classes, which are formed under the influence of extralinguistic factors, the identification of the cultural and historical specifics of geographical names is necessary for the formation of a general idea of the Swedish toponymic system and the disclosure of its distinctive characteristics. The sociocultural relevance of the work is due to the interest in the problem of studying toponyms as specific signs - carriers of information of an ethnocultural nature, alowing to reveal the peculiarities of the mentality of the people. The choice of material for the practical part of the work is motivated by the important role of urban objects in the life of society. The city, being the center of the nationʼ s life, reflects its cultural and ethnic characteristics. Active economic and international relations, intercultural communication are carried out through the city. The analysis of urban objects allows us to conclude that the Swedes strive to emphasize their identity, individuality, connection with the mythological past. The material for analysis was selected by continuous sampling from a modern detailed map of the city and written sources. The study uses general scientific and linguistic methods capable of interpreting diverse factual material: observation, description. In necessary cases, the comparison method and elements of etymological analysis are connected to the study of the material.
本文从语义学和文化内涵的角度出发,对斯德哥尔摩语中包含-gata、-gränd、-väg、-torg、- plan、-back等组成部分的人名别名和词名别名进行了研究。在语言学方面,界定在语言外因素影响下形成的语义类,识别地名的文化和历史特征,是形成瑞典地名系统总体概念和揭示其鲜明特征的必要条件。这项工作的社会文化相关性是由于对研究地名作为特定符号的问题感兴趣-具有民族文化性质的信息载体,允许揭示人们心理的特殊性。作品实际部分的材料选择是由城市物体在社会生活中的重要作用所驱动的。城市作为国家生活的中心,体现了其文化和民族特色。积极的经济和国际关系,跨文化交流通过城市进行。通过对城市物件的分析,我们可以得出这样的结论:瑞典人努力强调他们的身份、个性以及与神话般的过去的联系。分析的材料是通过从城市的现代详细地图和书面资料中连续抽样选择的。本研究使用一般的科学和语言方法,能够解释不同的事实材料:观察,描述。在必要的情况下,语源分析的比较方法和要素与材料的研究相联系。
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引用次数: 0
POLYVALENT CONSTANTS IN POETIC TRANSLATION 诗歌翻译中的多价常数
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21672/1818-4936-2021-78-2-059-063
S. MARINA I.
This article is devoted to the problems of preserving information in the translation of a poetic text. The translator must convey to the recipient the information that was presented by the author in the text. Poetic translation should be considered as a phenomenon of inter-linguocultural communication. The main translation constants have an universal character. They are polyvalent and represent three categories of invariants that must be reproduced in translation: conceptual information, factual information, and aesthetic information. In the structure of a poetic text, its constituent elements are correlated not only linearly, horizontally, as in an ordinary utterance, but also vertically, and it requires a thorough preliminary analysis of the original text. In addition, the saturation of the poetic text with various stylistic means, author's neologisms, language and cultural realities is very high. The transfer of invariants to another language and their correlation in the translation text are demonstrated by the example of translations of I. Bunin's poems.
本文探讨了诗歌文本翻译中信息保存的问题。译者必须将作者在文本中所呈现的信息传达给接收者。诗歌翻译应被视为一种跨语言交际现象。主要的翻译常量具有一个通用的特征。它们是多价的,代表了翻译中必须复制的三类不变量:概念信息、事实信息和审美信息。在诗歌文本的结构中,它的构成要素不仅像普通话语那样是线性的、水平的,而且是垂直的,这需要对原文进行彻底的初步分析。此外,诗歌文本的各种文体手段、作者的新词、语言和文化现实的饱和度都很高。本文以布宁诗歌的翻译为例,论证了不变量在另一种语言中的迁移及其在翻译文本中的相关性。
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引用次数: 0
FEATURES OF FUNCTIONING METAPHORS IN A MEDICAL DISCOURSE (BASED ON A MATERIAL OF RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH) 医学语篇中功能隐喻的特征(基于俄语和英语材料)
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21672/1818-4936-2021-77-1-074-077
Alfiya KH. SATRETDINOVA ALFIYA, Zinaida P. Penskaya
The article considers metaphorization as one of the ways of forming medical terms. The main methods of creating metaphorical nominations in Russian and English are ana- lyzed; semantic analogies between the metaphorical units of two languages are investigated. The authors define some main groups of metaphor-terms, identify the mechanisms of implementation of metaphorical nominations and the features of their functioning in a medical discourse.
本文认为隐喻是医学术语的一种形成方式。分析了俄语和英语中隐喻命名的主要方法;研究了两种语言的隐喻单位之间的语义类比。作者定义了隐喻术语的一些主要群体,确定了隐喻提名的实施机制及其在医学语篇中的功能特征。
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引用次数: 0
LINGUA-CULTURAL DIFFERENCES OF TRADE PAROEMIAS IN RUSSIAN AND CHINESE 俄语和汉语贸易语的语言文化差异
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21672/1818-4936-2020-76-4-074-083
A. M. Kalikova, Julia E. Cherednichenko, O. Bobrova
The work under study comprises a comparative analysis of the semantic components of trade paroemias in two languages - Russian and Chinese. The research material is made up by proverbs and phraseological units taken from phraseological and explanatory dictionaries of the Russian and Chinese languages: Dictionary of the Russian language edited by A.P. Evgenieva [4], Dmitriev's explanatory dictionary, explanatory dictionary of the Russian language edited by D.N. Ushakov, 现 代 汉 语 词 典 (Russian dictionary of modern Chinese) (2005), 汉 语 大 词 典 (Rus. Big dictionary of Chinese), 辞 海 (Rus. "Sea of words") (2009). The research methodology is based on the dialectical method of cognition. When writing the work, the author used methods of comparison, analysis, synthesis, analogy, generalization. The phraseological Foundation of the Russian and Chinese languages allows us to objectify various features of the discourse of a trade transaction, which are compared in the work of the software in terms of the value characteristics of the two linguistic cultures. Feature matching zones are found in the values: 1) greed to spend money (Rus. "shake over a penny", "for a penny to strangle yourself", Chinese. 一 yīgè qián liùgèzì (Rus. "count coins and images on them"), 抢 钱 虎 qiǎngqián hǔ (Rus. " tiger grabbing money”); 2) accordance of the price and quality of the product (Rus. "for what I bought, for what I sell", Chinese (Rus. "what is the price, such is the product"); 3) focus on your strengths (Rus. "to fill your price", Chinese. 卖力气 màilìqì "try your best", 好卖功 hǎomài gōng (Rus. "good selling skill"). Some phraseological units contain the opposite attitude to social realities in the compared languages. The Russian phraseological units include regret for the unwise spending of money ("someone's money cried", "spend as much as one kopeck") and the assumption of cheap sales in Chinese ( 贱 卖 不 赊 jiànmài bù shē (Rus. "sell cheap"); the desired price for the buyer in Russian "red price" is contrasted with lobbying the buyer's interests in Chinese (顾客之上 gùkè zhīshàng (Rus. "the buyer is always right"). The analysis of the Russian and Chinese proverbs, sayings, and paroemias with the meaning of ‘a trade deal’ allow us to conclude that Russian paroemias have more imaginary images than the Chinese ones, which are characterized by the borrowed images from the European culture. The figurative components of the Chinese and Russian trade proverbs are the concepts of honesty, decency, foresight, consistency, prudence, which possess positive connotations.
本文的研究工作包括对俄文和中文两种语言中贸易术语的语义成分进行比较分析。本文的研究材料是由谚语和短语单元组成的,这些谚语和短语单元摘自俄罗斯和中国语言的短语和解释性词典:A.P.叶夫根尼耶夫编辑的《俄罗斯语言词典》,德米特里耶夫的解释性词典,乌沙科夫编辑的《俄罗斯语言解释性词典》,《俄罗斯现代汉语词典》(2005),《中国语言词典》(罗斯)。《大汉语词典》;《语海》(2009)。研究方法论以辩证的认知方法为基础。在写作过程中,作者运用了比较、分析、综合、类比、概括等方法。俄语和汉语的短语基础使我们能够客观化贸易交易话语的各种特征,并根据两种语言文化的价值特征在软件工作中进行比较。特征匹配区域存在于以下数值中:1)贪婪消费(Rus)。“摇一分钱”,“为了一分钱勒死自己”,中文。- yīgè qián liùgèzì(罗斯)“数硬币,数上面的像”),qiǎngqián h ā(俄文)。“老虎抢钱”);2)按照产品的价格和质量(Rus;“为我所买的,为我所卖的”,中文(俄文)。“价格是什么,产品就是什么”);3)专注于自己的优势。“填补你的价格”,中文。卖力气mailiqi“尽力”,好卖功hǎomai gōng(俄文。“良好的销售技巧”)。在被比较的语言中,一些词汇单位包含着对社会现实的相反态度。俄语的词组单位包括为不明智的花钱而后悔(“有人的钱哭了”,“花了一戈比”),以及在汉语中假设廉价销售()。“销售廉价”);买家想要的价格是俄罗斯的“红色价格”,而游说买家的利益是中国的(gùkè zhīshàng)。“买家永远是对的”)。通过对俄中两国具有“贸易协议”含义的谚语、谚语和格言的分析,我们可以得出结论,俄文的格言比中文的格言有更多的想象形象,而中国的格言则以借用欧洲文化的形象为特征。中俄贸易谚语的比喻成分是诚实、正派、远见、一致、谨慎等概念,具有积极的内涵。
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引用次数: 0
Translation of Russian folklore works into French 俄罗斯民间文学作品的法语翻译
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.54398/18184936_2022_2_105
Marina I. Sveshnikova
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引用次数: 0
SMART TECHNOLOGIES COGNITIVE POTENTIAL AS A FORM OF ENGLISH SPEAKING DISCOURSE PRACTICE 智能技术认知潜能作为英语口语话语练习的一种形式
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21672/1818-4936-2021-78-2-092-101
Z. LIDIIA G., D. OLGA V.
The article deals with the main terminological nominations of modern technologies, which play an essential role in the transition from traditional to smart / intelligent education. The identity of the conceptual cognitive and discursive paradigm of smart technologies is given. The discursive practices of smart education in training discourse are presented. The purpose of the study is to show a cognitive and discursive review of terminological nominations that represent digital technologies used to develop smart / intelligent education and, accordingly, Technology-enhanced learning (TEL). The scientific methodology includes the search, study, and cognitive and discursive analysis of the benefits of new intelligent paradigms that are used in the development and deployment of intelligent educational systems in high schools. The relationship between information and communication technologies (ICT) and smart technologies, which act as a generic term for any activity on the Web, using digital devices, cloud storage, and various digital products, is shown. The article justifies the issues of digitalization of higher education where the discursive practices are identified as the solution to these issues.
本文讨论了现代技术的主要术语提名,这些术语在传统教育向智能教育的过渡中起着至关重要的作用。给出了智能技术的概念认知和话语范式的同一性。提出了智慧教育在训练语篇中的语篇实践。本研究的目的是对代表用于发展智能/智能教育以及相应的技术增强学习(TEL)的数字技术的术语提名进行认知和话语回顾。科学方法论包括寻找、研究、认知和话语分析用于开发和部署高中智能教育系统的新智能范式的好处。显示了信息和通信技术(ICT)与智能技术之间的关系,智能技术是使用数字设备、云存储和各种数字产品的网络上任何活动的通用术语。本文论证了高等教育数字化的问题,并将话语实践确定为解决这些问题的方法。
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引用次数: 0
WORD-FORMATION CHARACTERISTICS OF ANGLICISMS IN THE RUSSIAN SLANG 俄语俚语中英语的构词特征
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21672/1818-4936-2021-78-2-084-087
C. OLGA V., D. KRISTINA S., Z. DARINA A.
The article deals with the characteristics of Anglicisms functioning in modern Russian slang, with an emphasis on their word-forming features. The penetration of these lexical units into the Russian language provides a researcher with a linguistically interesting material as the English and Russian languages represent typologically different language systems. To begin with, the research focuses on the origin of the individual word bases and affixes from which the Anglicism instances are formed. At the same time word-formation means, methods and procedures for the formation of Anglicisms in the Russian slang are taken into account.
本文探讨了英语在现代俄语俚语中的特点,重点讨论了它们的构词特点。这些词汇单位在俄语中的渗透为研究人员提供了语言学上有趣的材料,因为英语和俄语代表着不同的语言系统。首先,研究的重点是形成英语实例的单个词基和词缀的起源。同时分析了俄语俚语中英语的构词方式、构词方法和构词程序。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
HUMANITARIAN RESEARCHES
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