DEFI is a prototype computer tool aimed at ranking (from most to least relevant) the French translations of an English lexical item in context. This paper deals with the strategies used by DEFI to recognize multi-word units (mwus) in running text. Any lexical unit included in the lexical database used in the project (a merge of the Oxford/Hachette and Robert/Collins English-to-French dictionaries) and longer than a single word is submitted to a surface parser, and the same process is applied to the user ’s text. A program written in Prolog assesses the quality of the match between the parsed user’s text and candidate mwus retrieved from the project’s lexical database. The matcher is able to account for some of the distortions undergone by the mwu, e.g. movement of a constituent as a result of relativization or passivization.
{"title":"Le traitement de la phraséologie dans DEFI","authors":"A. Michiels","doi":"10.52034/lanstts.v1i.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52034/lanstts.v1i.24","url":null,"abstract":"DEFI is a prototype computer tool aimed at ranking (from most to least relevant) the French translations of an English lexical item in context. This paper deals with the strategies used by DEFI to recognize multi-word units (mwus) in running text. Any lexical unit included in the lexical database used in the project (a merge of the Oxford/Hachette and Robert/Collins English-to-French dictionaries) and longer than a single word is submitted to a surface parser, and the same process is applied to the user ’s text. A program written in Prolog assesses the quality of the match between the parsed user’s text and candidate mwus retrieved from the project’s lexical database. The matcher is able to account for some of the distortions undergone by the mwu, e.g. movement of a constituent as a result of relativization or passivization.","PeriodicalId":43906,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Antverpiensia New Series-Themes in Translation Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83036259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.52034/LANSTTS.V11I.305
S. Vandaele, Marie-Claude Béland
Ever since the end of the 19th century, the biological sciences have been preoccupied with the elucidation of the complex mechanisms underlying heredity. They were faced with a fundamental problem: how does a given phenotypic trait (e.g., skin or fur color) correspond to a physical entity, more often than not putative, responsible for its transmission from one generation to the next. The discovery and subsequent characterization of the unit of inheritance (unité d’hérédité) is thus the central focus of research on heredity in many fields, namely genetics, population genetics, molecular biology, and, more recently, genomics. What we now call gene since Johanssen coined the term, however, has a long and troubled past characterized by various successive conceptualizations. These have left sometimes confusing and even contradictory features in modern scientific discourse, of which we intend to understand the origins. The present article aims to examine the different embodiments of the concept unit of inheritance in the works of two key 19th century authors: Spencer and Haeckel. Elsberg, a rival of Haeckel, will also be considered. Using an analysis of indices of conceptualization in discourse, we show the various metaphorical conceptualization modes active in their respective theories and examine how they manifest themselves in English and in French.
{"title":"Les modes de conceptualisation des unités d'hérédité au XIXe siècle : Spencer, Haeckel et Elsberg","authors":"S. Vandaele, Marie-Claude Béland","doi":"10.52034/LANSTTS.V11I.305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52034/LANSTTS.V11I.305","url":null,"abstract":"Ever since the end of the 19th century, the biological sciences have been preoccupied with the elucidation of the complex mechanisms underlying heredity. They were faced with a fundamental problem: how does a given phenotypic trait (e.g., skin or fur color) correspond to a physical entity, more often than not putative, responsible for its transmission from one generation to the next. The discovery and subsequent characterization of the unit of inheritance (unité d’hérédité) is thus the central focus of research on heredity in many fields, namely genetics, population genetics, molecular biology, and, more recently, genomics. What we now call gene since Johanssen coined the term, however, has a long and troubled past characterized by various successive conceptualizations. These have left sometimes confusing and even contradictory features in modern scientific discourse, of which we intend to understand the origins. The present article aims to examine the different embodiments of the concept unit of inheritance in the works of two key 19th century authors: Spencer and Haeckel. Elsberg, a rival of Haeckel, will also be considered. Using an analysis of indices of conceptualization in discourse, we show the various metaphorical conceptualization modes active in their respective theories and examine how they manifest themselves in English and in French.","PeriodicalId":43906,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Antverpiensia New Series-Themes in Translation Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91320889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.52034/LANSTTS.V6I.178
Jan-Louis Kruger, H. Kruger, M. Verhoef
This article investigates the role that subtitling may play in the promotion of multilingualism in South Africa. After a reflection on the current language-political situation in the country, in particular as it pertains to the public broadcaster, the findings of a pilot study focusing on the role of subtitling in promoting multilingualism and language rights in South Africa are presented. The research involves aspects such as language status, attitudes and acquisition, focusing on two of the more marginalised languages in the country, namely Tshivenda and Xitsonga. It also touches on the impact of subtitling on comprehension.
{"title":"Subtitling and the promotion of multilingualism: the case of marginalised languages in South Africa","authors":"Jan-Louis Kruger, H. Kruger, M. Verhoef","doi":"10.52034/LANSTTS.V6I.178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52034/LANSTTS.V6I.178","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the role that subtitling may play in the promotion of multilingualism in South Africa. After a reflection on the current language-political situation in the country, in particular as it pertains to the public broadcaster, the findings of a pilot study focusing on the role of subtitling in promoting multilingualism and language rights in South Africa are presented. The research involves aspects such as language status, attitudes and acquisition, focusing on two of the more marginalised languages in the country, namely Tshivenda and Xitsonga. It also touches on the impact of subtitling on comprehension.","PeriodicalId":43906,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Antverpiensia New Series-Themes in Translation Studies","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81681925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.52034/LANSTTS.V0I5.168
Ann Corsellis
There is a pressing need to provide a worthwhile academic underpinning to public service or community interpreting and its professional context. This paper considers the strategies that could benefit both pure and applied research in this area by discussing a number of majorfactors. First, the approaches used by interpreting as well as related scientific re- search in the public service field to engage with the relevant range of professional practitioners in identifying the topic, gathering adequate and reliable information, seeking ways forward, developing interdisciplinary understanding and implementing improvedpractice, are considered.Second, it is argued that there is a crucial needfor interpreting and language specialists to demonstrate and apply standards of valid research methodologies equivalent to those used in other disciplines in this context (such as medicine), in order to affirm their academic responsibility and interdisciplinary credibility. Finally, the dissemination of the results of research, not only to fellow academics in the language world but also to academics in other related disciplines as well as to the practitioners - interpreters, translators, doctors, lawyers, police officers, social workers etc., is considered. Research results must be accessible in order to improve practice and to enable the research results to be brought into the mainstream informed debate.
{"title":"Making sense of reality","authors":"Ann Corsellis","doi":"10.52034/LANSTTS.V0I5.168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52034/LANSTTS.V0I5.168","url":null,"abstract":"There is a pressing need to provide a worthwhile academic underpinning to public service or community interpreting and its professional context. This paper considers the strategies that could benefit both pure and applied research in this area by discussing a number of majorfactors. First, the approaches used by interpreting as well as related scientific re- search in the public service field to engage with the relevant range of professional practitioners in identifying the topic, gathering adequate and reliable information, seeking ways forward, developing interdisciplinary understanding and implementing improvedpractice, are considered.Second, it is argued that there is a crucial needfor interpreting and language specialists to demonstrate and apply standards of valid research methodologies equivalent to those used in other disciplines in this context (such as medicine), in order to affirm their academic responsibility and interdisciplinary credibility. Finally, the dissemination of the results of research, not only to fellow academics in the language world but also to academics in other related disciplines as well as to the practitioners - interpreters, translators, doctors, lawyers, police officers, social workers etc., is considered. Research results must be accessible in order to improve practice and to enable the research results to be brought into the mainstream informed debate.","PeriodicalId":43906,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Antverpiensia New Series-Themes in Translation Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74456006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.52034/LANSTTS.V0I11.298
T. Felberg, Hanne Skaaden
In Norway, perceived communication problems in medical encounters with minority patients are often ascribed to ‘culture’ by the professional in charge of the institutional dialogue. Even in literature on medical encounters involving language barriers and interpreting, culture is used as an explanatory tool for observed complications, and an expansion of the interpreter role is suggested as the remedy. Comparing statements about the concept ‘culture’ made by medical professionals against a backdrop of Norwegian legislative texts on the role of the medical professional and interpreter, this article deconstructs culture as an explanatory tool. It is suggested that the source of the perceived problems of communication may lie at general levels of human interaction, e.g. concentration or language proficiency, rather than culture. We argue that the use of the concept of culture may lead to ‘othering’ of minority patients, may conceal rather than reveal communication problems, and may confuse the intersection between interpreters’ and medical professionals’ areas of expertise. Ultimately, not only minority patients’ health but also medical personnel’s professional integrity may be threatened.
{"title":"The (de)construction of culture in interpreter-mediated medical discourse","authors":"T. Felberg, Hanne Skaaden","doi":"10.52034/LANSTTS.V0I11.298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52034/LANSTTS.V0I11.298","url":null,"abstract":"In Norway, perceived communication problems in medical encounters with minority patients are often ascribed to ‘culture’ by the professional in charge of the institutional dialogue. Even in literature on medical encounters involving language barriers and interpreting, culture is used as an explanatory tool for observed complications, and an expansion of the interpreter role is suggested as the remedy. Comparing statements about the concept ‘culture’ made by medical professionals against a backdrop of Norwegian legislative texts on the role of the medical professional and interpreter, this article deconstructs culture as an explanatory tool. It is suggested that the source of the perceived problems of communication may lie at general levels of human interaction, e.g. concentration or language proficiency, rather than culture. We argue that the use of the concept of culture may lead to ‘othering’ of minority patients, may conceal rather than reveal communication problems, and may confuse the intersection between interpreters’ and medical professionals’ areas of expertise. Ultimately, not only minority patients’ health but also medical personnel’s professional integrity may be threatened.","PeriodicalId":43906,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Antverpiensia New Series-Themes in Translation Studies","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87464476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.52034/lanstts.v11i.308
D. Merkle
{"title":"Gambier, Y., & van Doorslaer, L. (Eds.). (2011). Handbook of translation studies (Volume 2). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Printed edition. 197 p. Gambier, Y., & van Doorslaer, L. (Eds.). (2011). Handbook of translation studies online (2nd ed.).","authors":"D. Merkle","doi":"10.52034/lanstts.v11i.308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52034/lanstts.v11i.308","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43906,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Antverpiensia New Series-Themes in Translation Studies","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76544214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.52034/LANSTTS.V3I.103
M. Magris
It is often stated that the structure of a terminological data bank should be developed taking the user’s needs into account. Translation-oriented terminology is certainly no exception to this rule. The creator of a data bank for legal terminology should assess the specific problems typically found in legal translation as well as the use of terminological resources by legal translators. However , users’ needs and users’ behaviour are extensively investigated in specialised lexicography, but seem to be a rather under-researched area in terminology and termino graphy. By drawing on relevant lexicographic experience, some empirical observations on the terminological needs of LSP translators, and translationoriented terminography with particular reference to legal terminology, this study aims at developing a list of ‘questions’ (related to terminological problems), to which a legal translator should find answers in a properly constructed and reliable language resource.
{"title":"Verso una terminografia per il traduttore giuridico","authors":"M. Magris","doi":"10.52034/LANSTTS.V3I.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52034/LANSTTS.V3I.103","url":null,"abstract":"It is often stated that the structure of a terminological data bank should be developed taking the user’s needs into account. Translation-oriented terminology is certainly no exception to this rule. The creator of a data bank for legal terminology should assess the specific problems typically found in legal translation as well as the use of terminological resources by legal translators. However , users’ needs and users’ behaviour are extensively investigated in specialised lexicography, but seem to be a rather under-researched area in terminology and termino graphy. By drawing on relevant lexicographic experience, some empirical observations on the terminological needs of LSP translators, and translationoriented terminography with particular reference to legal terminology, this study aims at developing a list of ‘questions’ (related to terminological problems), to which a legal translator should find answers in a properly constructed and reliable language resource.","PeriodicalId":43906,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Antverpiensia New Series-Themes in Translation Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79656866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the interesting features of L’amour, la fantasia by Assia Djebar is that it tries to combine historiography and autobiography by confronting both genres with the stories of Algerian women. More concretely, the author joins different textual sources in one multilingual palimpsest: the written text is based on oral texts and the French is based on Arabic, but also on English, Spanish, Turkish and German. The interrelations between the different components constitute as many translational stages, in a literal and in a figurative sense, at the heart of Djebar’s historiographical and autobiographical project. However, the explicit references the narrator makes to the communication problems between the French and the Algerians, draw our attention to the difficulty and pain involved in such an enterprise. L’amour, la fantasia is a novel based on the intertwining of sources of a different nature and from different languages, but all attempts at communication between the different cultures break down, and all the interpreters’ or translators’ efforts are doomed to fail.
{"title":"La traduction dans L’amour, la fantasia d’Assia Djebar: une tunique de Nessus.","authors":"Katrien Lievois","doi":"10.52034/lanstts.v2i.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52034/lanstts.v2i.78","url":null,"abstract":"One of the interesting features of L’amour, la fantasia by Assia Djebar is that it tries to combine historiography and autobiography by confronting both genres with the stories of Algerian women. More concretely, the author joins different textual sources in one multilingual palimpsest: the written text is based on oral texts and the French is based on Arabic, but also on English, Spanish, Turkish and German. The interrelations between the different components constitute as many translational stages, in a literal and in a figurative sense, at the heart of Djebar’s historiographical and autobiographical project. However, the explicit references the narrator makes to the communication problems between the French and the Algerians, draw our attention to the difficulty and pain involved in such an enterprise. L’amour, la fantasia is a novel based on the intertwining of sources of a different nature and from different languages, but all attempts at communication between the different cultures break down, and all the interpreters’ or translators’ efforts are doomed to fail.","PeriodicalId":43906,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Antverpiensia New Series-Themes in Translation Studies","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80298383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.52034/lanstts.v4i.137
M. Brunner
Seen from the point of view of literary-sociological studies, Franco Biondi’s works are part of the migrant and foreign literatures which emerged in Germany in the wake of the recruitment of foreign labour starting in the 1950s. This literature – written by authors who are not Germans in the sense of the old German nationality and citizenship legislation, but who live in Germany and have their works published in the German language area – was formerly called ‘guest-worker literature’. Then, in the 1980s, it was referred to as a literature of ‘shock and stunned silence’, and in the 1990s as ‘migrant literature’ or ‘literature of foreign parts’. The theme in Biondi ’s works is the break with origin and the process of ‘coming-to-language’ of the identity that is forming through the medium of language in the encounter with the foreign. Immigration for Biondi becomes immigration into a new language.
{"title":"Identität und Sprache des Migranten in der Fremde im Werk von Franco Biondi","authors":"M. Brunner","doi":"10.52034/lanstts.v4i.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52034/lanstts.v4i.137","url":null,"abstract":"Seen from the point of view of literary-sociological studies, Franco Biondi’s works are part of the migrant and foreign literatures which emerged in Germany in the wake of the recruitment of foreign labour starting in the 1950s. This literature – written by authors who are not Germans in the sense of the old German nationality and citizenship legislation, but who live in Germany and have their works published in the German language area – was formerly called ‘guest-worker literature’. Then, in the 1980s, it was referred to as a literature of ‘shock and stunned silence’, and in the 1990s as ‘migrant literature’ or ‘literature of foreign parts’. The theme in Biondi ’s works is the break with origin and the process of ‘coming-to-language’ of the identity that is forming through the medium of language in the encounter with the foreign. Immigration for Biondi becomes immigration into a new language.","PeriodicalId":43906,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Antverpiensia New Series-Themes in Translation Studies","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83900574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents some approaches to and results of working with and integrating various text types of popular medical texts, as experienced when teaching translation. The premise for this work is the concept that popular-ized texts are still technical texts and can therefore be horizontally diversified and vertically stratified depending on their technical level. This, in com-bination with the practical framework set by the task and the persons involved in the interaction, makes various demands on the translator, who is called upon not only to provide a transcultural and inter-language transla-tion of a technical text, but also to respect the specific circumstances of the target public at whom the target text is aimed. This is necessary for skopos-oriented adaptation of the source material.
{"title":"Popularisierung im (fachsprachlichen) Translationsunterricht – ein Aspekt der Translationsdidaktik","authors":"C. Feyrer","doi":"10.52034/lanstts.v1i.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52034/lanstts.v1i.8","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents some approaches to and results of working with and integrating various text types of popular medical texts, as experienced when teaching translation. The premise for this work is the concept that popular-ized texts are still technical texts and can therefore be horizontally diversified and vertically stratified depending on their technical level. This, in com-bination with the practical framework set by the task and the persons involved in the interaction, makes various demands on the translator, who is called upon not only to provide a transcultural and inter-language transla-tion of a technical text, but also to respect the specific circumstances of the target public at whom the target text is aimed. This is necessary for skopos-oriented adaptation of the source material.","PeriodicalId":43906,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Antverpiensia New Series-Themes in Translation Studies","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89931301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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