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A manufacturing perspective of physical design characterization 物理设计表征的制造视角
Pub Date : 2002-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC.2002.1001612
D. Maynard, B. B. Reuter, J. Patrick
Historically, physical design characterization (PDC) has been the focus of product or design engineers. This paper introduces PDC from a manufacturing perspective and the value of design-specific information for successful process control. Several PDC tools are described in terms of this integrated approach and the current embodiment at the IBM Microelectronics Vermont facility. Specifically, these tools include pattern density calculations, critical area extractions, and "swampfinding", a method for locating specific design-process sensitivities. The paper then develops both the technical and business strategies that leverage this information into the manufacturing processes. To clearly illustrate the concepts introduced, several examples of PDC results augmented with traditional characterization information, along with the ensuing manufacturing actions are reviewed. Finally, the larger picture of physical design characterization in manufacturing, and the impact upon development, are further developed.
过去,物理设计表征(PDC)一直是产品或设计工程师关注的焦点。本文从制造的角度介绍了PDC,以及设计特有信息对成功的过程控制的价值。根据这种集成方法和IBM Microelectronics Vermont工厂的当前实施例,介绍了几种PDC工具。具体来说,这些工具包括模式密度计算、关键区域提取和“沼泽发现”,这是一种定位特定设计过程敏感性的方法。然后,本文将开发利用这些信息到制造过程中的技术和业务策略。为了清楚地说明所介绍的概念,本文回顾了几个使用传统特征信息增强PDC结果的示例,以及随后的制造操作。最后,进一步发展了制造业中物理设计特性的更大图景,以及对开发的影响。
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引用次数: 4
KFAB DecisionSite: an interactive, exploratory yield analysis framework KFAB决策现场:一个互动的,探索性的产量分析框架
Pub Date : 2002-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC.2002.1001593
A. Flores, J. Lebowitz, W. Pressnall, C. Martin, C. Bradford Hopper
A data analysis framework has been implemented at the Texas Instruments Kilby Fabrication Center which encourages best practice decision making for yield, equipment and product engineers and managers by incorporating a continuous data flow across multiple vertically focused analytical tools and data sources. This data flow moves beyond drill down and OLAP techniques to "drill across" domains and mirror the way engineers naturally perform exploratory yield analysis. The data flow is presented to users in the form of Process Guides, which codify best practice analysis techniques by stepping the user through data access, analysis and collaboration. Rather than replacing vertical applications and data sources, each step of a given process guide adds value to existing point solutions for electrical test, defect, manufacturing execution, wafer position and process data. The architecture of the system is discussed, and examples of Process Guides are shown which illustrate the interactivity of the presentation layer and the flexibility of the framework to deliver best practice techniques for solving cross functional problems.
德州仪器Kilby制造中心已经实施了一个数据分析框架,通过整合多个垂直集中的分析工具和数据源的连续数据流,为产量、设备和产品工程师和管理人员提供最佳实践决策。这种数据流超越了向下钻取和OLAP技术,而是“钻取跨”域,反映了工程师自然执行探索性产量分析的方式。数据流以流程指南的形式呈现给用户,流程指南通过逐步引导用户完成数据访问、分析和协作,编纂了最佳实践分析技术。给定工艺指南的每一步都为现有的电气测试、缺陷、制造执行、晶圆位置和工艺数据的点解决方案增加了价值,而不是取代垂直应用程序和数据源。讨论了系统的体系结构,并展示了过程指南的示例,这些示例说明了表示层的交互性和框架的灵活性,以提供解决跨功能问题的最佳实践技术。
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引用次数: 2
A statistical method for reducing systematic defects in the initial stages of production 一种在生产初期减少系统缺陷的统计方法
Pub Date : 2002-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC.2002.1001578
K. Nemoto, S. Ikeda, O. Yoshida, J. Sasabe, Hua Su
A method is described for reducing systematic defects in the initial stages of production and thereby improving yield. Statistical correlation analysis is used to find the critical process parameters that cause yield loss. Application of the proposed method to actual 300-mm wafer fabrication demonstrated that it does detect the parameters to be modified resulting in yield improvement.
描述了一种在生产初期减少系统缺陷从而提高产量的方法。采用统计相关分析方法找出导致良率损失的关键工艺参数。该方法在300mm晶圆制造中的实际应用表明,该方法能够检测到需要修改的参数,从而提高良率。
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引用次数: 4
Development and deployment of a multi-component Advanced Process Control system for an epitaxy tool 外延工具多组件先进过程控制系统的开发与部署
Pub Date : 2002-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC.2002.1001587
J. Moyne, V. Solakhian, A. Yershov, M. Anderson, D. Mockler-Hebert
A multi-component Advanced Process Control (APC) system has been developed and deployed for an Applied Materials vapor phase epitaxy tool at Fairchild Semiconductor. The system, which is fully automated, operates on a SEMI APC framework compliant platform, supports the plug-and-play of multiple APC applications ("plug-ins"), and has configurable control rules that allow the user to specify not only how each APC application will be utilized, but also how the APC applications will interact in a complementary fashion. The current system contains real-time data visualization, run-to-run control (R2R), and fault detection and classification (FDC) plug-ins. The data visualization component is currently being utilized for real-time visual monitoring of aspects of equipment health. The R2R component includes a multivariate algorithm and is being used to provide multi-zone control of deposition thickness and resistivity. The FDC component will gather the in-process data from the tool to automatically determine equipment health and classify faults in order to reduce mean time to repair. In this paper, the methodology used to deploy and configure this APC system is described. Data is provided illustrating the use of each of these APC capabilities individually and in complementary fashion. Data analysis is included that focuses on the benefits of utilizing these capabilities, benefits such as improved equipment reliability, improved overall equipment effectiveness and yield. The paper also includes a discussion of the benefits and issues associated with the complementary utilization of multiple APC components in an open architecture framework.
一种多组件先进过程控制(APC)系统已经开发并部署在仙童半导体的应用材料气相外延工具上。该系统是完全自动化的,在SEMI APC框架兼容平台上运行,支持多个APC应用程序(“插件”)的即插即用,并具有可配置的控制规则,允许用户不仅指定每个APC应用程序的使用方式,还允许用户指定APC应用程序如何以互补的方式进行交互。当前系统包含实时数据可视化、运行到运行控制(R2R)和故障检测与分类(FDC)插件。目前正在利用数据可视化组件对设备健康的各个方面进行实时可视化监测。R2R组件包括一个多元算法,用于提供沉积厚度和电阻率的多区域控制。FDC组件将从工具中收集过程中的数据,以自动确定设备健康状况并对故障进行分类,以减少平均维修时间。本文描述了部署和配置APC系统的方法。文中提供的数据说明了这些APC功能的使用情况。数据分析侧重于利用这些能力的好处,例如提高设备可靠性,提高整体设备效率和产量。本文还讨论了开放体系结构框架中多个APC组件的互补利用的好处和相关问题。
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引用次数: 10
A model for outgassing of organic contamination from wafer carrier boxes 硅片载体箱中有机污染物的排气模型
Pub Date : 2002-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC.2002.1001625
Yu-Min Ho, H. Parks, B. Vermeire
A thermal desorption apparatus has been developed to study the adsorption and desorption of organic contaminants on silicon wafers due to outgassing from plastic wafer carrier boxes. This paper describes a complete outgassing model for organic contamination based on characterization of the outgassing of organic contamination from polypropylene carrier boxes using Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT) as a model compound. The model was developed from experimental data for a limited set of time/temperature conditions. Verification of the model is provided by its goodness of fit over an extended set of experimental data.
研制了一种热解吸装置,用于研究硅片塑料载体箱放气过程中有机污染物在硅片上的吸附与解吸。本文以丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)为模型化合物,对聚丙烯载体箱中有机污染物的放气过程进行了表征,建立了一个完整的有机污染物放气模型。该模型是根据有限时间/温度条件下的实验数据开发的。该模型在一组扩展的实验数据上的拟合优度提供了验证。
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引用次数: 0
Sidewall clean effect upon titanium salicide filaments 水化钛丝的侧壁清洁效应
Pub Date : 2002-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC.2002.1001635
J. Campbell, M. Boyer, A. Griffin, Z. Imam, H. Lee, C. Montgomery, R. Pak, B. Vialpando
The susceptibility of a self-aligned titanium silicide (salicide) process to the occurrence of conductive sidewall filaments is shown to depend upon the type of wafer cleans that are used prior to the titanium deposition. Aggressive cleans that are predominantly used for resist stripping were implemented immediately following the blanket plasma etch processes that define the sidewall nitride spacers on polysilicon gates. These cleans were effective in reducing the incidence of unwanted filaments between the polysilicon gates and the source/drain regions, as evidenced electrically using parametric test structures and physically via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterization. Two mechanisms to explain the efficacy of the cleans are hypothesized and discussed.
自对准硅化钛(水化钛)工艺对导电侧壁丝的敏感性取决于在钛沉积之前使用的晶圆清洗类型。在对多晶硅栅极上的侧壁氮化隔层进行覆盖等离子蚀刻处理后,立即实施了主要用于抗蚀剂剥离的强力清洗。这些清洁有效地减少了多晶硅栅极和源/漏区之间不需要的细丝的发生率,通过参数化测试结构和物理通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)表征证明了这一点。我们假设并讨论了两种解释清洁效果的机制。
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引用次数: 2
BF/sub 2//sup +/ implant: a fluorine bubble induced ET failure BF/ sub2 /sup +/ implant:氟泡诱导ET失效
Pub Date : 2002-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC.2002.1001588
C. Viera, B. Gurcan, K. Crocker, P. Todd, K. Lewis
Fluorine bubbles are a known result of BF/sub 2//sup +/ high energy implants. This work presents a failure mechanism induced by gross fluorine bubbles, that allows poly silicon to be damaged during its subsequent cobalt silicide etch. An alternative implant that includes both BF/sub 2//sup +/ and B11 may alleviate the effects of F precipitates without eliminating the benefits of BF/sub 2//sup +/ self-amorphizing the substrate.
氟气泡是已知的BF/ sub2 /sup +/高能植入物的结果。这项工作提出了一种由总氟气泡引起的失效机制,使多晶硅在随后的硅化钴蚀刻过程中受到破坏。一种包括BF/sub 2//sup +/和B11的替代植入物可以减轻F沉淀的影响,而不会消除BF/sub 2//sup +/自非晶化基底的好处。
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引用次数: 0
Fulfilling the speed imperative: new product development and enterprise project management in the new economy 满足速度要求:新经济下的新产品开发和企业项目管理
Pub Date : 2002-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC.2002.1001571
R. Immelman
A study of enterprise-level project management reveals disparity between factors considered important for effective enterprise-level project management, and the current reality experienced by respondents. This points to unresolved systemic factors that drive unsatisfactory performance. The management of task variability, combined with a clear understanding of both task and resource dependency at project level offers an avenue to shorten project leadtime and smooth workflow. Combined with an understanding of the impact of key resource constraints across a set of projects, it is possible to improve portfolio selection and pipeline staging. By focusing on key metrics in project planning and project execution, resource utilization can be maximized and projects completed with shorter lead times.
一项对企业级项目管理的研究表明,对于有效的企业级项目管理来说,被认为重要的因素与受访者目前所经历的现实之间存在差异。这指出了导致业绩不理想的未解决的系统性因素。对任务可变性的管理,结合对项目级别的任务和资源依赖关系的清晰理解,提供了缩短项目交付时间和平滑工作流程的途径。结合对一组项目中关键资源约束影响的理解,就有可能改进投资组合选择和管道分期。通过关注项目计划和项目执行中的关键指标,可以最大限度地利用资源,并在更短的交货时间内完成项目。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization of resist strip recipe for aluminum metal etch processes 铝金属蚀刻工艺抗蚀剂配方的优化
Pub Date : 2002-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC.2002.1001637
E.G. Mammo, N. Singh, C. Mananquil, D. R. Myers
This paper discusses experimental results used to develop an optimized resist strip process for an Advanced Strip and Passivation (ASP+) chamber on Applied Materials Decoupled Plasma Source (DPS) 5200 metal etch platform. The scope of the experiment is to develop a resist strip process on a new ASIC BiCMOS product. To meet tight capacity schedule, the resist removal process must be relatively short. This experiment does not look for the shortest strip time, but considered various gas flow, passivation, and strip sequences to keep the resist strip time well below the total metal etch time. A design of experiment (DOE) was run to measure the response of key recipe parameters. The parameters evaluated were strip time, passivation time, passivation and strip sequence, CF/sub 4/ flow, and temperature. The response was the amount of residual resist remaining after the strip process is completed. The result showed that temperature was the major factor in effective resist removal followed by CF/sub 4/ flow and passivation/strip sequence. A second DOE was run to verify the results and lower margin. Based on the results of the DOE, a robust strip recipe was designed and implemented in manufacturing for all metal etch processes. The new process is shorter than the metal etch process, and does not affect the throughput of the system. Also, no residual resist is found since the new recipe and post-strip inspection procedure was implemented.
本文讨论了应用材料去耦等离子体源(DPS) 5200金属蚀刻平台上先进带钝化(ASP+)腔的抗蚀带优化工艺的实验结果。实验的范围是在一种新的ASIC BiCMOS产品上开发抗蚀条工艺。为了满足紧张的产能计划,抗蚀剂去除过程必须相对较短。本实验并不寻找最短的条带时间,而是考虑了各种气体流量,钝化和条带顺序,以保持抗蚀条带时间远低于总金属蚀刻时间。通过实验设计(DOE)测量了关键配方参数的响应。评价的参数有条带时间、钝化时间、钝化条带顺序、CF/sub - 4/流量和温度。响应量为带钢工艺完成后剩余的残余抗蚀剂量。结果表明,温度是影响抗蚀剂有效去除的主要因素,其次是CF/sub - 4/流动和钝化/条带顺序。第二个DOE运行以验证结果和较低的余量。基于DOE的结果,设计并实施了适用于所有金属蚀刻工艺的稳健带配方。新工艺比金属蚀刻工艺时间短,且不影响系统的吞吐量。此外,由于实施了新配方和条形检验程序,没有发现残留抗蚀剂。
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引用次数: 0
Alternative Smart-cut-like process for ultra-thin SOI fabrication 超薄SOI制造的替代智能切割工艺
Pub Date : 2002-08-07 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC.2002.1001564
A. Usenko, W. Carr, Bo Chen, Y. Chabal
We describe for the first time a layer transfer caused by delamination along the hydrogen platelet layer formed by RF plasma hydrogenation at a place of end-of-range defects. The process involves first creating a buried trap layer using variously silicon, or argon implantation. Wafers thus processed with an initial implant to levels below 10/sup 16/ cm/sup -2/ are then hydrogenated with RF plasma. Next steps include pre-bonding, cleavage, and post-bonding as in the Smart-cut process. The cleavage occurs at a depth corresponding to the maximum of vacancy-enriched defects (between R/sub p//2 and R/sub p/). Plasma hydrogenation may be used as a step in the process of fabricating thin SOI wafers.
我们首次描述了由射频等离子体氢化在末端缺陷处形成的氢血小板层沿分层引起的层转移。该过程包括首先使用各种硅或氩注入制造一个埋藏的陷阱层。因此,通过初始植入将晶圆加工到低于10/sup 16/ cm/sup -2/的水平,然后用射频等离子体氢化。接下来的步骤包括预键、解理和后键,就像在智能切割过程中一样。解理发生的深度对应于富空位缺陷的最大值(R/sub p//2和R/sub p/)。等离子体氢化可作为制备SOI薄晶圆的一个步骤。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
半导体技术
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